Regulation of metabolism. Medical search. Frequent questions

Insulin plays a crucial role in regulating blood lipid metabolism. (biorxiv.org)
We studied changes in lipid metabolism in adipose tissue in 24 healthy adults during early starvation (14-20 h) by cannulating the venous drainage of the subcutaneous adipose tissue of the anterior abdominal wall. (edu.au)
Saltiel, A.R. & Kahn, C.R. Insulin signalling and the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. (nature.com)
Sheridan, MA 1994, ' Regulation of lipid metabolism in poikilothermic vertebrates ', Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology -- Part B: Biochemistry and , vol. 107, no. 4, pp. 495-508. (ttu.edu)

Accumulated evidence from genetic animal models suggests that the brain, particularly the hypothalamus, has a key role in the homeostatic regulation of energy and glucose metabolism. (nature.com)
Here we comprehensively review the above topics, discussing the main findings related to the role of the brain in the homeostatic regulation of energy and glucose metabolism. (nature.com)
For further information on inborn errors of glucose metabolism and inborn errors of glycogen metabolism see below. (wikipedia.org)
While 1,25(OH) 2 D treatment did not affect many of the glucose metabolism outcomes measured, including intracellular pyruvate and lactate pool sizes, glucose flux to pyruvate and lactate, and mRNA abundance of enzymes involved in glucose metabolism, 1,25(OH) 2 D treatment reduced detached PC expression and glucose flux through PC. (purdue.edu)

American journal of physiology - endocrinology and metabolism , 271 (3), E541-E546. (edu.au)

The inherent cell-type specificity of epigenetic regulation motivates development of techniques to isolate and study specific cell types of relevance to obesity and digestive diseases. (bcm.edu)

Liver-enriched nuclear receptor (NR) proteins regulate the expression and activity of several pivotal hepatic biochemical pathways including the uptake, metabolism and excretion of cholesterol, bile acids, glucose, and xenobiotic compounds from the body. (ku.edu)
Taken together, these data demonstrate a pivotal role for PXR in the regulation of drug-induced hepatomegaly and in the metabolism ( CYP3A ), transport ( Oatp2 ), biosynthesis ( Cyp7a1 ), and excretion of xenobiotics and bile acids in vivo. (aspetjournals.org)
Essential fructosuria is a clinically benign condition characterized by the incomplete metabolism of fructose in the liver, leading to its excretion in urine. (wikipedia.org)

The brain modulates various aspects of metabolism, such as food intake, energy expenditure, insulin secretion, hepatic glucose production and glucose/fatty acid metabolism in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. (nature.com)

These results are inconsistent with the canonical model of hepatic metabolism in which Akt is an obligate intermediate for proper insulin signaling. (nature.com)
Rather, they show that a major role of hepatic Akt is to restrain the activity of Foxo1 and that in the absence of Foxo1, Akt is largely dispensable for insulin- and nutrient-mediated hepatic metabolic regulation in vivo . (nature.com)
Figure 5: Nutritional regulation of hepatic gene expression in the absence of Foxo1 alone and in the absence of both Akt and Foxo1. (nature.com)
Inactivation of hepatic Foxo1 by insulin signaling is required for adaptive nutrient homeostasis and endocrine growth regulation. (nature.com)
The most common is caused by mutations in the gene encoding hepatic fructokinase, an enzyme that catalyzes the first step in the metabolism of dietary fructose. (wikipedia.org)

Insulin is a hormone that plays a key role in regulating the body's metabolism 1 , 2 . (biorxiv.org)
Persimmon leaf tea can regulate the body's metabolism, according to the Natural Persimmon website. (ehow.com)
When the body's metabolism is raised, this can make weight loss efforts more effective, according to the Local Harvest website. (ehow.com)

Insulin plays a crucial role in regulating the metabolism of blood glucose, amino acids, and lipids in humans. (biorxiv.org)
While there has been extensive research on the mathematical modeling of insulin's regulation of blood glucose 8 - 13 , there has been limited investigation of its selective regulation of blood amino acids and lipids 14 - 17 . (biorxiv.org)
Such factors include timing of protein intake, dietary protein type, the role of leucine as a key anabolic amino acid, and the impact of other macronutrients (i.e. carbohydrate) on the regulation of MPS after resistance exercise. (biomedcentral.com)
Amino acids also contribute to cellular energy metabolism by providing a carbon source for entry into the citric acid cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle), especially when a primary source of energy, such as glucose, is scarce, or when cells undergo metabolic stress. (wikipedia.org)
As mono or diiron center as well as incorporated into heme or iron-sulfur clusters, this metal is an indispensable cofactor for a variety of cellular processes including electron transport, amino acid metabolism, and biosynthesis of DNA and sterols. (frontiersin.org)
Moreover, B029-2 decreased glycolytic function and nucleotide synthesis in Huh7 cells by reducing H3K18Ac and H3K27Ac levels at the promoter regions of amino acid metabolism and nucleotide synthesis enzyme genes, including PSPH, PSAT1, ALDH18A1, TALDO1, ATIC, and DTYMK. (figshare.com)

Mutations in the FAO genes are among the most prevalent inborn errors of metabolism. (chp.edu)
Inborn errors of carbohydrate metabolism are inborn error of metabolism that affect the catabolism and anabolism of carbohydrates. (wikipedia.org)
The failure to effectively use these molecules accounts for the majority of the inborn errors of human carbohydrates metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
Biochemical genetic testing and newborn screening are essential laboratory services for the screening, detection, diagnosis, and monitoring of inborn errors of metabolism or inherited metabolic disorders. (cdc.gov)

The course starts with the physiology of the endocrine organs and how they govern our metabolism. (lu.se)

Using differential microarray analysis, we identify target genes that provide the basis for the understanding of the molecular mechanism for the regulation of cell proliferation and transformation mediated by over-expression of the human ChoKalpha. (nih.gov)
A reduction in glutamine metabolism was observed with 1,25(OH) 2 D treatment, although no 1,25(OH) 2 D target genes were identified. (purdue.edu)
Circadian clocks are endogenous oscillators that drive the rhythmic expression of a broad array of genes, orchestrating metabolism and physiology. (mpg.de)
The identification and functional characterization of 24 genes that are involved in iron homeostasis in A. fumigatus and/or Aspergillus nidulans , respectively, revealed significant insights into iron metabolism and its regulation (Table 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
These conditions include mutations of genes which play important pathogenetic roles in both Parkinsonism and in the regulation of manganese transport and metabolism. (cdc.gov)
Transcriptional regulation of the genes in metabolic pathways is a highly successful strategy, which is virtually universal in microorganisms. (lu.se)
INTRODUCTION broken, which in realistic situations can severly constrain the Transcriptional regulation of effector genes is a highly successful regulatory options. (lu.se)
A very natural place to study gene detecting and metabolizing lactose, it is known that the overall regulation is in the metabolism of the cell, and then specifically in effect of expressing the lac genes in vain is a drop in the growth rate the regulation of genes that code for enzymes and transporter of as much as 5% [1,6]. (lu.se)
Here, the function of regulation is quite clear: expressing energy and carbon, that a number around 0.2% would be the right genes at the right time will enable the cell to make the expected, and that the difference is more or less specific to the lac most of the resources within its reach, by maximizing the uptake operon [7]. (lu.se)

Choline kinase alpha (ChoKalpha) is an enzyme involved in the metabolism of phospholipids recently found to play a relevant role in the regulation of cell proliferation, oncogenic transformation and human carcinogenesis. (nih.gov)
However, the mechanism by which this enzyme is involved in the regulation of these processes is not yet understood. (nih.gov)
Berberine supplementation activates the enzyme AMPK, which contributes to metabolism regulation. (dallasnews.com)
The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, each step being facilitated by a specific enzyme. (wikipedia.org)

Recognise and differentiate levels of organisation within the body, processes of normal cellular function and metabolism. (york.ac.uk)

Compared to attached cells, detached cells had suppressed glutamine metabolism, as determined by decreased glutamine flux into the TCA cycle and reduced mRNA abundance of glutamine metabolizing enzymes. (purdue.edu)
Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy and will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. (wikipedia.org)
Enzymes act as catalysts - they allow a reaction to proceed more rapidly - and they also allow the regulation of the rate of a metabolic reaction, for example in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells. (wikipedia.org)
Many proteins are enzymes that catalyze the chemical reactions in metabolism. (wikipedia.org)

We have also developed interests in other pathways which regulate gene transcription and cancer cell proliferation in response to stress and changes in cell metabolism. (southampton.ac.uk)
CtBP activity is modified by UV radiation and glycolytic metabolism, suggesting that CtBPs regulate cell survival in response to cellular stress. (southampton.ac.uk)
Nevertheless, as we discuss in this review, recent research has begun to reveal considerable overlap in the cellular and physiological mechanisms that regulate sex-specific development and metabolism. (uic.edu)
Recent research has clarified how salinity stress induced-ACS and - ß-CAS expressions stimulate the accumulation of ET and HCN, wherein the action of salicylic acid (SA),compatible solutes (CSs), polyamines (PAs) and ET inhibitors (ETIs) regulate ET and HCN metabolism . (bvsalud.org)

Additionally, we will explore the post-transcriptional regulation of KDM based on our microRNA preliminary data using western blot, RT-qPCR and 3'UTR reporter assays. (ntu.ac.uk)
With a minimalist model of metabolism, cell growth and transcriptional regulation in a microorganism, we explore how the interaction between environmental conditions and gene regulation set the growth rate of cells in the phase of exponential growth. (lu.se)
Citation: Troein C, Ahre´n D, Krogh M, Peterson C (2007) Is Transcriptional Regulation of Metabolic Pathways an Optimal Strategy for Fitness? (lu.se)

Galactosemia, the inability to metabolize galactose in liver cells, is the most common monogenic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism, affecting 1 in every 55,000 newborns. (wikipedia.org)
Regulation of carbohydrate metabolism / editor, Rivka Beitner. (who.int)

Due to technical limitations in large-scale, quantitative protein measurements, it remains unresolved to what extent the circadian clock regulates metabolism by driving rhythms of protein abundance. (mpg.de)

Recently, the sterol regulatory element binding protein SrbA was found to be essential for adaptation to iron starvation, thereby linking regulation of iron metabolism, ergosterol biosynthesis, azole drug resistance, and hypoxia adaptation. (frontiersin.org)

Our large-scale proteomic analysis reveals thus that circadian post-transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms play a key role in the temporal orchestration of liver metabolism and physiology. (mpg.de)

In this project, independent researchers are investigating three mechanisms that are likely involved in glucose regulation by the liver. (bcm.edu)

The purpose of this review article is to provide an update on current findings regarding the nutritional regulation of MPS and highlight nutrition based strategies that may serve to maximize skeletal muscle protein anabolism with resistance exercise. (biomedcentral.com)

They reported that the brain was able to more effectively metabolise glucose and use it for cellular energy, and also found markers of improved brain mitochondrial energy metabolism. (nutraingredients.com)

In this study, we combined genome-wide transcriptional profiling with targeted metabolite analyses and biochemical assays to characterize the impact of the disease on red-skinned berry ripening and metabolism. (escholarship.org)
Laboratories that perform biochemical genetic testing are required by CLIA regulations to meet the general quality systems requirements for nonwaived testing and the personnel requirements for high-complexity testing. (cdc.gov)
Magnesium is involved in nearly every aspect of biochemical metabolism (eg, DNA and protein synthesis, glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation). (medscape.com)

The current literature evaluated in this paper provides an overview of salinity stress resistance mechanism involving synchronized routes of ET metabolism by SA and PAs, connecting regulated network of central physiological processes governing through the action of AOX, ß-CAS, SOS and ANTOX pathways, which might be crucial for the development of tomato . (bvsalud.org)

Potassium (K), the main cation inside cells, plays roles in maintaining cellular osmolarity and acid-base equilibrium, as well as nerve stimulation transmission, and regulation of cardiac and muscle functions. (mdpi.com)

"Impaired energy metabolism in the brain is known to be tightly correlated with cognitive decline during aging and in subjects at high risk for developing neurodegenerative disorders," said Pasinetti, who noted he hopes to use further research studies to explore the preventive role of decaffeinated coffee delivered as a dietary supplement in humans. (nutraingredients.com)
Guinea pigs were chosen as the animal model because of their similarities to humans with respect to cholesterol and lipoprotein metabolism. (uconn.edu)

The previous studies have shown that the regulation of these metabolites by insulin is selective and can vary over time after oral glucose ingestion 7 . (biorxiv.org)
The team investigated whether a dietary supplementation with a standard decaffeinated green coffee preparation (Svetol - Naturex) affects diet-induced insulin resistance and brain energy metabolism dysfunction in high-fat diet mice. (nutraingredients.com)

The study - published in Nutritional Neuroscience - reports that decaffeinated coffee supplements may improve brain energy metabolism associated with type 2 diabetes by reducing the effects of high-fat diet-induced deficits in glucose-tolerance response. (nutraingredients.com)

These neurons project to other hypothalamic nuclei and to the nucleus of the solitary tract in the brain stem to control multiple aspects of the homeostatic regulation of energy balance. (nature.com)

These results contribute to an increased understanding of metastatic processes and the regulation of these processes by vitamin D, which may be effective in preventing metastasis and improve breast cancer patient survival. (purdue.edu)
Did evolutionary processes really have the ability or forward-thinking insight to construct the metabolism in C. acetobutylicum ? (icr.org)

The complex intertwining of iron metabolism and oxidative stress is emphasized by the iron-dependence of detoxification of oxidative stress as, e.g., catalases and peroxidases require heme as cofactor. (frontiersin.org)

Nuclear receptors PXR and CAR: implications for drug metabolism regulation, pharmacogenomics and beyond. (illumina.com)

Taken together, the work presented in this dissertation contributes to understanding the interface between PXR, drug metabolism, and inflammation, which is expected to produce new opportunities for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. (ku.edu)

University of Illinois Engineering News wrote, 'Researchers from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have, for the first time, uncovered the complex interdependence and orchestration of metabolic reactions, gene regulation, and environmental cues of clostridial metabolism. (icr.org)

Some Example Projects: Regulation of HDM2 and HDMX proteins The HDM2 oncoprotein is the major negative regulator of p53 function in the cell. (southampton.ac.uk)

The deleterious effects of long-term cyclosporine A, cyclosporine G, and FK506 on bone mineral metabolism in vivo. (bvsalud.org)

The tumor microenvironment can be considered a battlefield between cancer and immune defense, competing for energy supply and metabolism. (iozk.de)
Vitamin D is recognized for its role in preventing breast cancer progression, and recent studies suggest that regulation of energy metabolism may contribute to its anticancer effects. (purdue.edu)
The metabolism of cancer cells is also different from the metabolism of normal cells, and these differences can be used to find targets for therapeutic intervention in cancer. (wikipedia.org)

Substantial evidence indicates that the brain, particularly the hypothalamus, is primarily responsible for the regulation of energy homeostasis. (nature.com)
They can program their function to energy supply (e.g., to keep heart muscle cells going, life-long) or to metabolism (e.g., to support hepatocytes and liver function). (iozk.de)
These findings should encourage studies along the lines of mitochondria, energy supply, and metabolism. (iozk.de)
Decaffeinated green coffee could help to preserve memory functions by improving energy metabolism in the brain, according to new research in mice. (nutraingredients.com)
Vitamin D primarily acts on target tissue through its most active metabolite, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH) 2 D). The present work investigated 1,25(OH) 2 D's effects on viability of detached cells through regulation of energy metabolism. (purdue.edu)

The hypothalamus is considered a key organ in the regulation of food intake. (nature.com)

An integrated model is emerging to reveal a key role for the post-translational modification of PXR in the selective suppression of gene expression, and is opening the door to the study of completely new modes of PXR-mediated gene regulation. (ku.edu)
A gene expression analysis revealed that deletion of Akt in liver led to the constitutive activation of Foxo1-dependent gene expression, but again, concomitant ablation of Foxo1 restored postprandial regulation, preventing the inhibition of the metabolic response to nutrient intake caused by deletion of Akt . (nature.com)
This is when gene regulation comes into play. (icr.org)
For example, in describing one aspect of building their digital version of the bacteria's gene regulation module, the researchers wrote, 'Here, the concentrations of the four key molecules (Spo0A, Spo0A∼P, σF, and σK) were adopted as the main model variables, and their kinetics were described using differential equations. (icr.org)
A number of studies have explored how regulation of generally, and at least to a first approximation, it is obvious that metabolic pathways affects the growth rate of microorganisms, gene regulation only is useful if the environmental conditions vary both in the steady state and in response to changes in the local with time. (lu.se)

Three autosomal recessive disorders impair fructose metabolism in liver cells. (wikipedia.org)
Disorders of water metabolism. (medlineplus.gov)

Computational analysis, deletion promoter luciferase-based assays and Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) will be employed to identify functional elements responsible for the regulation of KDM transcription. (ntu.ac.uk)

The lab's current research focuses on the functional effects of lysine acetylation and succinylation on the FAO pathway and the role the sirtuins play in regulating metabolism. (chp.edu)
The anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway is initiated with the metabolism of phenylalanine. (biomedcentral.com)

Metabolism (/məˈtæbəlɪzəm/, from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, "change") is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms. (wikipedia.org)
The word metabolism can also refer to the sum of all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transportation of substances into and between different cells, in which case the above described set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary (or intermediate) metabolism. (wikipedia.org)

and the regulation of parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion. (medscape.com)

Anatomy20

Organisms13

Diseases13

Chemicals and Drugs112

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment29

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes73

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science4

Health Care1

Lipid metabolism4

Glucose metabolism4

Endocrinology1

Epigenetic Regulation1

Excretion3

Adipose tissue1

Hepatic5

Body's metabolism3

Amino6

Inborn errors4

Endocrine1

Genes9

Enzyme4

Function and metabolism1

Enzymes4

Regulate4

Transcriptional regulation3

Carbohydrate metabolism2

Regulates1

Biosynthesis1

Liver metabolism1

Involved in glucose1

Anabolism1

Mitochondrial1

Biochemical3

Mechanism1

Cellular1

Humans2

Insulin2

Type 2 diabet1

Homeostatic1

Processes2

Oxidative1

Receptors1

Inflammation1

Orchestration1

Proteins1

Bone1

Cancer3

Energy5

Food intake1

Gene5

Disorders2

Responsible for the regulation1

Pathway2

Reactions2

Secretion1