Regulation of growth tumor cell cycle. Medical search. Frequent questions

Treatment with lycopene or its metabolite, apo-10-lycopenal, also increased bco2 expression and reduced cell proliferation in androgen-sensitive cell lines, but lycopene neither altered bco2 expression nor cell growth in androgen-resistant cells. (nih.gov)
Notably, restoring bco2 expression in prostate cancer cells inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation, irrespective of lycopene exposure. (nih.gov)
A mutation in this gene resulting in reduced cell proliferation, and impaired cell motility and polarity, and has been identified in patients with primary microcephaly. (cancerindex.org)
Previous researches completed by our team have also demonstrated that resveratrol inhibits the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
With its absence, the human body will be functioning without its "brake" of cell proliferation. (pharmiweb.com)
Tumor suppressor genes code for proteins that inhibit cell division and growth, acting as a control mechanism to prevent excessive cell proliferation. (pharmiweb.com)
Reishi suppresses the proliferation of ovarian cell cells. (greenmedinfo.com)
Suppression of proliferation and oxidative stress by extracts of Ganoderma lucidum in the ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR-3. (greenmedinfo.com)
Apoptotic death is preceded by proliferation blockage, suggesting that these transcripts are involved in cell cycle regulation. (uandes.cl)
Our results suggest that ASncmtRNA targeting blocks tumor cell proliferation through reduction of essential cell cycle proteins, mediated by mitochondrial and nuclear miRNAs. (uandes.cl)
Integrins are key regulators of gene expression, cell proliferation and migration. (europa.eu)
During cell growth and proliferation, ubiquitin plays an outsized role in promoting progression through the cell cycle. (intechopen.com)
Notably, the G1/S boundary represents a major barrier to cell proliferation and is universally dysfunctional in cancer cells, allowing for the unbridled proliferation observed in malignancy. (intechopen.com)
Numerous E3 ubiquitin ligases, which facilitate the ubiquitination of specific substrates, have been shown to control G1/S. In this chapter, we will discuss components in the ubiquitin proteasome system that are implicated in G1/S control, how these enzymes are interconnected, gaps in our current knowledge, and the potential role of these pathways in the cancer cycle and disease proliferation. (intechopen.com)
MicroRNAs control the levels of numerous cell cycle regulators that controls cell proliferation. (ukessays.com)
In the present study, we assessed the possible effects of frankincense, pine needle and geranium essential oils on cell viability, proliferation, migration and invasion as well as the possible mechanisms. (spandidos-publications.com)
In the present study, we clearly revealed that frankincense, pine needle and geranium essential oils suppressed cell viability, proliferation, migration and invasion in human BC MCF-7 cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
Moreover, we elucidated the regulatory AMPK/mTOR pathway involving essential oils in BC cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis development. (spandidos-publications.com)
At a fundamental level, cancer is caused by an accumulation of genetic changes that result in unregulated cell growth and proliferation. (medscape.com)
Tumor suppressor genes encode proteins that normally provide negative control of cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
PTEN encodes a protein kinase of the same name and functions as a tumor suppressor through regulation of cell proliferation. (medscape.com)
For example, a human study suggests that oyster mushrooms may inhibit the growth and proliferation of colon and breast cancer cells. (healthifyme.com)
Colonic epithelial cells proliferation of group IV (DPE 250 mg/kgBW) were significantly lower than III and V groups. (biomedcentral.com)
These findings indicate that the DPE could inhibit colonic epithelial cells proliferation through p53 pathway independently. (biomedcentral.com)
3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT)-test was used to observe the proliferation of human breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells induced on VALD-3. (researchsquare.com)
Given the strong link between the regulation of some of these genes and the growth and dissemination of gastrointestinal cancers, we believe their aberrant expression in UC may provide a mechanism for epithelial hyper-proliferation and, in the context of malignant transformation, for tumour growth. (bmj.com)
Among the genes that remain deregulated during remission, we identify several that are expressed by epithelial cells and are involved in epithelial cell proliferation, resistance to apoptosis and response to stress. (bmj.com)
Further analysis revealed two clusters related to cell proliferation and the tumor microenvironment. (molcells.org)
Taken together, these results imply that TJP1 contributes to the development of sarcoma by proliferation through modulating cell-cell aggregation and communication through cytokines in the tumor microenvironment and might be a beneficial therapeutic target. (molcells.org)
On the contrary, in primary glioma, BEX2 is epigenetically silenced and exhibits extensive promoter hypermethylation, and re-expression of BEX2 results in significantly suppressed tumor proliferation [ 10 ]. (ijbs.com)
The RAC serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT) family of serine/threonine protein kinases, particularly the AKT1 isoform, has been identified abnormally expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, and is highly associated with cell behavior, including proliferation, survival, metabolism, and tumorigenesis. (spandidos-publications.com)
The purpose of the present study was to reveal the effects of AKT1 on the survival and proliferation of HCC cells, and to investigate the mechanisms involved. (spandidos-publications.com)
Molecular mechanisms and the influences of different regulation the expression of AKT1 on HCC cell growth, proliferation were determined by western blotting, MTT and colony formation assays, cell cycle and apoptosis were investigated by flow cytometry. (spandidos-publications.com)
The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/RAC seine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT)/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is a promising therapeutic target owing to its frequent dysregulation in HCC and the critical functions it has in regulating cell survival, proliferation, apoptosis, migration and angiogenesis through phosphorylation of distinct protein substrates ( 6 , 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
AKT is a key molecule in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, which has been shown to serve notable functions in the regulation of cell viability and to be closely associated with a variety of disorders caused by dysfunctional cellular proliferation ( 8 , 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
However, the precise molecular mechanisms by which AKT1 promotes cell proliferation and regulates apoptosis ( 18 , 19 ) remain largely unclear. (spandidos-publications.com)
High expression of activated AKT can be detected in HCC, and AKT may promote cell proliferation and regulation of cells apoptosis in HCC ( 20 , 21 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Subsequent mechanism investigations revealed that AKT1 served a notable function in cell proliferation and anti-apoptosis by directly regulating the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and Notch1. (spandidos-publications.com)
Functional loss of p16 may lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation 3,4 . (bvsalud.org)
High tumor proliferation has previously been associated with response to chemotherapy. (lu.se)
In vitro studies based on MCF-7 cell proliferation and induction of vitellogenin in primary culture of rainbow trout hepatocytes. (cdc.gov)

This kinase is a catalytic subunit of the protein kinase complex that is important for cell cycle G1 phase progression and G1/S transition. (cancerindex.org)
The results showed that Ganoderma lucidum inhibits cell growth and disruption of cell cycle progression via down regulation of cyclin D1. (greenmedinfo.com)
This effect is mediated by downregulation of the key cell cycle progression factors cyclin B1, cyclin D1, CDK1, CDK4, and survivin, the latter also constituting an essential inhibitor of apoptosis, underlying additionally the onset of apoptosis. (uandes.cl)
This specific project aims to identify sequences within caveolin involved in regulation of raft internalisation, cell cycle progression and anchorage-dependent cell growth. (europa.eu)
This objective integrates into a bigger project that also aims to identify molecular mechanisms by which caveolin regulates anchorage-dependent signalling pathways and cell cycle progression and to identify oncogenes that induce constitutive surface localization of rafts (and hence Rac), and/or changes in phosphocaveolin localization. (europa.eu)
Progression through the cell cycle is driven by the oscillating activity of Cyclin Dependent Kinases (CDKs). (intechopen.com)
While some patients experience spontaneous regression or differentiation of the tumor, others are affected by rapid and fatal tumor progression despite increasingly intensive treatment strategies [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
T he presence and activity of various proteins are required in the cell cycle progression. (ukessays.com)
Prevents CDK7 kinase activity when associated to CAK complex in response to DNA damage, thus stopping cell cycle progression. (lsbio.com)
However, to the best of our knowledge whether frankincense, pine needle and geranium essential oils have any effect on the progression of BC in MCF-7 cells remains unclear. (spandidos-publications.com)
Further data demonstrated that frankincense, pine needle and geranium essential oils induced apoptosis, but did not affect cell cycle progression. (spandidos-publications.com)
In conclusion, the present study indicated that frankincense, pine needle and geranium essential oils were involved in the progression of BC cells possibly through the AMPK/mTOR pathway. (spandidos-publications.com)
However, whether frankincense, pine needle and geranium essential oils have any effect on progression of BC in MCF-7 cells remains unclear. (spandidos-publications.com)
Moreover, flowcytometry was applied to analyze the effects of miR-183 on the cell cycle progression. (nature.com)
MiR-183 can exert an oncogenic effect by promoting cell viability, migration, and cell cycle progression. (nature.com)
In the present study, the effect of miR-183 on cell viability, cell cycle progression, and migration was investigated, and the interaction between miR-183 and PTEN in BC cells was examined. (nature.com)
Prolonged fasting also lowered levels of IGF-1, a growth-factor hormone that Longo and others have linked to aging, tumor progression and cancer risk . (usc.edu)
Finally, GADD153 depletion significantly abrogates BRCA1 influence on cell cycle progression and cell death in response to doxorubicin treatment. (conicet.gov.ar)
Interestingly, the most primordial defense responses employed by myeloid cells against pathogens, such as complement activation, antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity and phagocytosis, actually seem to favor cancer progression. (frontiersin.org)
In this review, we discuss how rudimentary defense mechanisms deployed by myeloid cells can promote tumor progression. (frontiersin.org)
Neutrophils also contribute to tumor progression, yet establishing the difference between PMN-MDSCs and tumor-associated neutrophils (TAN) remains challenging ( 11 , 15 , 16 ). (frontiersin.org)
Vitamin K2 aids in the regulation of cell cycle progression and tumor development prevention. (liveradiantly.com)
Recent reports have implicated that BEX2 is involved in tumor development and progression in several types of cancer, such as glioblastoma, glioma and breast cancer [ 7 - 9 ]. (ijbs.com)
Conclusion: p63, p16, MIB, Cal A, Cys A are markedly expressed and p16 is strongly suppressed in oral cavity tumors, which suggests that the latter protein may play a role in negative regulation of cell cycle progression. (bvsalud.org)
Immunohistochemical identification of molecular genetic events in the progression of preneoplastic lesions to spindle cell squamous-cell carcinoma enables early detection of lesions with the potential for malignant progression, thus permitting timely intervention 1,2 . (bvsalud.org)
The various markers that enable assessment of the progression of preneoplastic lesions to spindle cell carcinoma include the p16 protein, which halts the cell cycle and induces apoptosis by pRb-mediated phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). (bvsalud.org)

A leading therapeutic strategy in treating solid tumors stems from the use of demethylating agents to suppress DNA methylation in cancerous growths. (wikipedia.org)
As of 2017, there were no approved demethylating agents for the treatment of solid tumors which can be a focus of research in the future. (wikipedia.org)
A phase I/II trial investigating safety and efficacy of autologous TAC01-HER2 in relapsed or refractory solid tumors. (newswise.com)
Epigenetic mechanisms play important roles in the regulation of tumorigenesis, and hypoxia-induced epigenetic changes may be key drivers of the adaptation of cancer cells to the hypoxic microenvironment typical of solid tumors. (nih.gov)
The presence of TAMs in most solid tumors is correlated with poor prognosis and overall survival of patients ( 10 ). (frontiersin.org)
In addition to TAMs, solid tumors are also infiltrated by immunosuppressive, immature myeloid progenitor cells, commonly referred to as monocytic or polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M/PMN-MDSC) ( 11 - 13 ). (frontiersin.org)
Expression of p63 is almost exclusively restricted to epithelial cells, mutations in this gene are infrequent, and its expression is increased in a variety of solid tumors, particularly those of the head and neck area 12,13 . (bvsalud.org)

CD4 + T cells contribute to the remodeling of the microenvironment required for sustained tumor regression upon oncogene inactivation. (nature.com)
In the tumor microenvironment, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) display an array of phenotypes beyond the M1/M2 paradigm, ranging from antitumoral to immunosuppressive, proangiogenic, immunomodulatory and tissue-remodeling phenotypes ( 7 - 9 ). (frontiersin.org)
Another myeloid population in the tumor microenvironment (TME) are DCs, that originate from different precursors and display various phenotypes, ranging from immunosuppressive monocyte-derived DCs (Mo-DCs) to immunocompetent cDC1 and cDC2 subsets ( 22 ). (frontiersin.org)
Here, we investigated the role of tight-junction protein 1 (TJP1), a membrane-associated intercellular barrier protein during the development of LMS and the tumor microenvironment. (molcells.org)
Tissues from mice were stained and further analyzed to clarify the effects of TJP1 expression on tumor development and the tumor microenvironment. (molcells.org)

Inhibition of DNA methyltransferase activity restored bco2 expression in prostate cancer cell lines tested. (nih.gov)
Neuronal differentiation and cell-cycle programs mediate response to BET-bromodomain inhibition in MYC-driven medulloblastoma. (cancerindex.org)
As proof-of-concept, we show that in vivo knockdown of ASncmtRNAs results in drastic inhibition of tumor growth in a xenograft model of MDA-MB-231 subcutaneous tumors, further supporting this approach for the development of new therapeutic strategies against breast cancer. (uandes.cl)
TAK-285 was examined in a model of breast cancer brain metastasis using direct intracranial injection of BT-474-derived luciferase-expressing cells and showed greater inhibition of brain tumor growth compared to animals treated with lapatinib. (jcancer.org)
Metformin suppresses cells in a time-dependent manner, but the inhibition does not change with the dose of metformin. (oncotarget.com)
The cell inhibition rate was used to evaluate the inhibitory effect of drugs on the tumor and the effect of adaptation for drug resistance. (oncotarget.com)
1) For example, the down-regulation of miR15s and miR - 16 - 1 in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, prostate cancer and pituitary tumours, leading to the inhibition of tumour growth and induce cell cycle arrest at the G 1 - phase by target cell cycle regulators ( cyclin D1, cyclin E1, cyclin D3 and CDK6). (ukessays.com)
Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) inhibition transforms human mammary gland epithelial cells. (lsbio.com)
Previously, we showed that loss-of-function or inhibition of the oncogenic H3K9 methyltransferase G9A attenuates tumor growth and constitutes an important strategy for cancer management. (nih.gov)
In agreement with this, G9A inhibition leads to increased cell death, impaired cell migration, reduced cell cycle and downregulated anchorage-independent growth. (nih.gov)
Interestingly, whole transcriptome analysis revealed that a number of previously non-responsive genes become amenable to hypoxia following G9A inhibition, including many targets that drive cancer cell survival. (nih.gov)
This was accompanied by the upregulation of the hypoxia inducible factors HIF1A and HIF2A during the use of G9A inhibition to curb cancer cell growth even under normoxic conditions. (nih.gov)
Therefore, we show that G9A is a key mediator of oncogenic processes in breast cancer cells and cancer therapeutics involving G9A inhibition can be used successfully to attenuate oncogenicity. (nih.gov)

The silencing of genes created by abnormal DNA methylation is a major contributor to the formation of cancerous tumors. (wikipedia.org)
Tumor suppressor genes can promote cellular senescence, a state in which cells stop dividing, preventing the replication of damaged DNA. (pharmiweb.com)
How do genes control the growth and division of cells? (medlineplus.gov)
A variety of genes are involved in the control of cell growth and division. (medlineplus.gov)
The cell cycle has checkpoints (also called restriction points), which allow certain genes to check for problems and halt the cycle for repairs if something goes wrong. (medlineplus.gov)
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors may be useful for cancer prevention and therapy by virtue of their ability to 'reactivate' the expression of epigenetically silenced genes, including those involved in differentiation, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. (oregonstate.edu)
We investigated by real-time quantitative RT-PCR the expression profile of a panel of genes important in cell cycle regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
Interestingly, the 1p36 region is frequently deleted not only in NB, but also in other human cancer types, including those of neural, epithelial and hematopoietic origin, indicating that the same tumor suppressor genes might be involved in a broad range of human cancers [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
1) The alternation of protein levels of critical oncogenes or tumour suppressor genes, which causes by miRNAs deregulation may also lead to proliferative diseases such as cancer. (ukessays.com)
Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. (lsbio.com)
Driver events in pediatric malignancies can occur through loss of function in tumor suppressor genes or gain of function in proto-oncogenes. (medscape.com)
Twenty-nine of these genes were significantly regulated in UC-in-remission subjects compared with non-IBD controls, including a large number of epithelial cell-expressed genes such as REG4, S100P, SERPINB5, SLC16A1, DEFB1, AQP3 and AQP8, which modulate epithelial cell growth, sensitivity to apoptosis and immune function. (bmj.com)
These genes participate in biological functions such as cellular growth, movement, assembly and organisation, as well as in fatty acid and protein metabolism. (bmj.com)
Regulation of the eukaryotic cell cycle, and the role of tumor suppressor genes. (utdallas.edu)
A focused survey of BRCA1 regulated genes in prostate carcinoma reveals that multiple regulators of genome stability and cell cycle control, including: BLM, FEN1, DDB2, H3F3B, BRCA2, CCNB2, MAD2L1 and GADD153, are direct transcriptional targets of BRCA1. (conicet.gov.ar)
To identify the TJP1-dependent factors important in the development of LMS, genes with altered expression were selected in SK-LMS-1 cells such as cyclinD1, CSF1 and so on. (molcells.org)

Folkman, J. Tumor angiogenesis: therapeutic implications. (nature.com)
In particular, a primary focus of the laboratory is to define the roles of the Wnt and K-ras signaling pathways in the regulation of angiogenesis. (harvard.edu)
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the critical stimulus for tumor angiogenesis, and we have demonstrated the novel upregulation of VEGF by the Wnt pathway. (harvard.edu)
It also inhibits angiogenesis, which is how tumors develop new blood vessels to help their growth thrive. (liveradiantly.com)

Many tumor suppressor proteins play a role in DNA repair, helping to correct genetic mutations and maintain the stability of the genome. (pharmiweb.com)
Some tumor suppressor proteins are involved in maintaining cell adhesion, preventing cells from breaking away and spreading to other parts of the body (metastasis). (pharmiweb.com)
Cell adhesion molecules are a diverse group of proteins that play a crucial role in mediating cell-to-cell interactions and cell-to-extracellular matrix interactions. (pharmiweb.com)
His early research includes seminal work done in 1989, demonstrating the importance of cell cycle proteins in the functioning of DNA tumor viruses. (newswise.com)
In addition, proteome analysis of NBPF1-overexpressing DLD1 cells identified 32 differentially expressed proteins, of which several are implicated in carcinogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
We demonstrated that NBPF1 exerts different tumor suppressive effects, depending on the cell line analyzed, and provide new clues into the molecular mechanism of the enigmatic NBPF proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
We will discuss three key proteins that function as tumor suppressors implicated in the development of pediatric (and some adult) cancers: pRB, p53, and PTEN. (medscape.com)
This CAC is associated with the cell cycle and its regulation is affected by the tumor suppressor proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
The expression of pro-apoptotic proteins and anti-apoptotic proteins in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells was investigated by Western blotting. (researchsquare.com)
BEX proteins have been reported to be involved in transcriptional regulation and signaling pathways in neurodegeneration, cell cycle and tumor growth [ 5 - 8 ]. (ijbs.com)
Cystatin A (Cys A), a cysteine protease inhibitor, is a precursor of proteins involves in keratinocyte keratinization, and is expressed during the late phase of differentiation of these cells. (bvsalud.org)

It also helped to open a very exciting avenue of research involving investigators with expertise in different aspects of growth control and cancer.Giordano's lab also discovered the tumor suppressor gene RB2/p130 and the cell cycle kinases CDK9 and CDK10, two other key players in cell cycle regulation and cell differentiation. (newswise.com)
Let-7 Let-7 has an essential role in cell cycle and the differentiation of cell cycle terminals. (ukessays.com)
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an increasingly important role in some fundamental biological processes such as translational regulation, cell cycle regulation, epigenetic regulation, splicing, differentiation, and immune response [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Another protein, calgranulin A (Cal A), is involved in the regulation of several cell processes, including the cell cycle and cell differentiation. (bvsalud.org)
Cancer stem cells are a selective clonal subset of tumour cells that have avoided various cell regulatory mechanisms, including terminal differentiation, and yet have retained the self-renewal properties and proliferative potential of adult stem cells. (who.int)
miR-203 drives breast cancer cell differentiation. (medscape.com)

Procaine is a DNA-demethylating agent with growth-inhibitory effects in human cancer cells. (wikipedia.org)
However, it was shown in 2015 that a possible mechanism of action of these drugs in colorectal cancer-initiating cells is through activating dsRNA expression which leads to the activation of the MDA5/MAVS RNA recognition pathway inducing some sort of viral mimicry inside the cell. (wikipedia.org)
Treatment utilizing demethylating agents can have further clinical use by targeting cancer stem cells and triggering apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
Procaine can also be used as therapeutic development to inhibit the growth of cancer cells in humans. (wikipedia.org)
Ovarian cancer is the most fatal malignant tumor of the female reproductive tract [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Dormant cancer cells: programmed quiescence, senescence, or both? (nature.com)
Cancer Cell 18 , 485-498 (2010). (nature.com)
Expression of the bco2 gene is dramatically decreased in prostate cancer tissue and in a range of prostate cancer cell lines as compared with nonneoplastic prostate tissue and normal prostatic epithelial cells, respectively. (nih.gov)
Exogenous expression of either wild-type BCO2 or a mutant (enzymatically inactive) BCO2 in prostate cancer cells reduced NF-κB activity and decreased NF-κB nuclear translocation and DNA binding. (nih.gov)
But these treatments, to some extent, easily produce side effects on normal cells, organs, and other tissues of the human body, thus accelerating the death process of cancer patients. (hindawi.com)
PTEN gene is considered an established tumor suppressor gene in different types of cancer including breast cancer. (cancerindex.org)
A tumor suppressor gene, also known as anti-onco gene, is an essential component of the body's defense against cancer. (pharmiweb.com)
Cells are potent to go under abnormal growth processes and finally lead to tumor/cancer. (pharmiweb.com)
Apoptosis protects the body by removing genetically damaged cells that could lead to cancer, and it plays an important role in the development of the embryo and the maintenance of adult tissues. (medlineplus.gov)
Disruption of normal regulation of the cell cycle can lead to diseases such as cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
Laboratory studies have shown that Ganoderma lucidum enhances immune functions and also inhibits growth of various cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. (greenmedinfo.com)
Here, we show that ASncmtRNA knockdown induces cell death preceded by proliferative blockage in three different human breast cancer cell lines. (uandes.cl)
He has published over 600 papers on gene therapy, cell cycle, genetics of cancer, and epidemiology. (newswise.com)
Integrin signals mediate anchorage-dependence of cell growth, while growth of cancer cells is anchorage-independent. (europa.eu)
These results may provide a molecular explanation for the role of caveolin-1 as tumour suppressor and provide insight into the mechanism of anchorage-independent growth, one of the hallmarks of cancer. (europa.eu)
Breast cancer therapy has improved following the development of drugs with specific molecular targets, exemplified by inhibitors of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) such as trastuzumab and lapatinib. (jcancer.org)
Breast cancer is one of the most common primary tumors to develop associated brain metastases ( 1 , 2 ), and while recent progress in cancer therapy has improved control of primary breast tumors, methods to effectively treat brain metastases from breast cancer remain inadequate. (jcancer.org)
Considering this genetic defect and the frequent genomic alterations of the NBPF1 locus in several cancer types, we hypothesized that NBPF1 is a tumor suppressor. (biomedcentral.com)
LC-MS/MS analysis was used to investigate the proteome of DLD1 colon cancer cells with induced NBPF1 expression. (biomedcentral.com)
NB tumors are derived from the sympathetic nervous system and account for approximately 15% of cancer deaths in children [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
Metformin enhances the sensitivity of drug-resistant ovarian cancer cells to chemotherapy. (oncotarget.com)
Then, the inhibitory rate on cells in the experimental group was observed by CCK8 assay, in order to study the sensitization effect of metformin in different chemotherapies of ovarian cancer. (oncotarget.com)
Ovarian cancer is one of the female genital tumors that has recently been found to have a high prevalence rate, which has no early symptoms and lacks an early diagnosis approach [ 1 , 2 ]. (oncotarget.com)
Meriolin 3 potently inhibits tumor growth in two mouse xenograft cancer models, namely, Ewing's sarcoma and LS174T colorectal carcinoma. (rcsb.org)
These are divided into two group, those miRNAs that are upregulated in cancer which are likely to be acting as oncogenes and those downregulated in cancer which are likely to be acting as tumour suppressors. (ukessays.com)
Oyster mushroom has antitumor and anti-metastatic properties towards cancer cells. (healthifyme.com)
They may prevent the enlargement and spread of cancer cells in the body. (healthifyme.com)
Mouse colitis associated colon cancer (CAC) was induced firstly by azoxymethane (AOM) and followed by administration of drinking water containing 5 % dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in a cycle protocol, each cycle consisted of seven days of 5 % DSS in the drinking water and followed by seven days of regular water. (biomedcentral.com)
Quercetin also improve the action of the drug 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) promoting increased expression of p53 and apoptosis in breast cancer T47D cells [ 6 , 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
However, cancer cells mount a survival response via activation of the HIF pathway that may necessitate the additional suppression of HIF signaling for improved efficacy in the eradication of the disease. (nih.gov)
27 samples consisting of MCF7 human breast cancer cells treated with 6 μM BIX-01294 in 0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or 0.1% DMSO carrier controls and untreated controls in acute (4 hours) hypoxia, chronic (24 hours) hypoxia (1% O2) or normoxia (21% O2) control conditions in triplicate cultures. (nih.gov)
Through qRT-PCR analysis, miR-183 and PTEN mRNA levels in breast cancer cell lines were measured. (nature.com)
We mainly concentrated on the PI3K/AKT pathway, which is one of the most vital signaling paths included in the growth and control of tumors in breast cancer. (nature.com)
PTEN insufficiency promotes the PI3K/AKT path, which is a vital signal for the survival of cancer cells. (nature.com)
The regulation of telomere length has a significant impact on cancer risk and aging in humans. (bvsalud.org)
In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of VALD-3, a Schiff base ligand synthesized from o-vanillin derivatives, on human breast cancer cells and the possible underlying mechanisms. (researchsquare.com)
Flow cytometry analysis showed that VALD-3 triggered cell cycle arrest and induced apoptosis of breast cancer cells. (researchsquare.com)
VALD-3 also regulated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in breast cancer cells, inhibiting the activation of downstream molecules. (researchsquare.com)
By xenografting human breast cancer cells into nude mice, we found that VALD-3 significantly suppressed tumor cell growth while showing low toxicity against major organs. (researchsquare.com)
This study is the first to show that VALD-3 induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human breast cancer cells by suppressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling, indicating that it could be a potential drug for the treatment of breast cancer. (researchsquare.com)
Entinostat enhances the efficacy of chemotherapy in small cell lung cancer through S-phase arrest and decreased base excision repair. (sciencenet.cn)
Acquired chemoresistance is a frequent event in small cell lung cancer (SCLC), one of the deadliest human malignancies. (sciencenet.cn)
BIOL 6341 Oncogenes (3 semester credit hours) Properties of cancer cells, in vivo and in vitro. (utdallas.edu)
These findings define a novel transcriptional pathway through which BRCA1 orchestrates cell fate decisions in response to genotoxic insults, and suggest that BRCA1 status should be considered for new chemotherapeutic treatment strategies in prostate cancer. (conicet.gov.ar)
Over the past decade, cancer immunotherapy has been steering immune responses toward cancer cell eradication. (frontiersin.org)
Myeloid innate immune cells, such as granulocytes, monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), play an important role in cancer-cell recognition, initiation of inflammation and antitumor responses ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
Hence, myeloid cells play a dual role in cancer as they can initiate antitumor responses and communicate with cells of the adaptive immune system, but also promote local inflammation leading to chronic cancer-associated inflammation ( 5 , 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
Although tumor-promoting functions have been attributed to other granulocytes, like eosinophils ( 17 ), basophils ( 18 ) and mast cells ( 19 ), further research is required to fully elucidate their role in cancer, as antitumoral roles have also been described ( 20 , 21 ). (frontiersin.org)
When they stop being regulated by the cell cycle, however, this can result in cancer. (liveradiantly.com)
BEX2 has been reported to be involved in tumor development in several types of cancer, but its role in metastatic colorectal cancer remains largely undefined. (ijbs.com)
Herein, we demonstrated that BEX2 knockout resulted in enhanced migratory and metastatic potential in colorectal cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo, and re-expression of BEX2 in knockout cells could reverse the enhanced migratory capacity. (ijbs.com)
moreover, the hedgehog signaling inhibitors, GANT61 and GDC-0449 could reverse the migratory enhancement of BEX2-/- colorectal cancer cells. (ijbs.com)
In summary, our findings suggest that BEX2 negatively modulates the hedgehog signaling pathway by retaining Zic2 in the cytoplasm in colorectal cancer cells, thereby inhibiting migration and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells. (ijbs.com)
This leads to activation of p53 and the p53 pathway in cancer cells with wild type p53, subsequently inhibiting tumour growth. (uib.no)
The pTNM stage is a system of stage classification proposed by the American Joint Committee on Cancer which determines the degree of tumor development according with the T, N and M categories. (biorxiv.org)
Forced expression of HOTAIR in epithelial cancer cells induces genome-wide Polycomb repression complex 2 (PRC2) to retarget to a more similar pattern of embryonic fibroblasts, leading to gene expression changes, and increase cancer invasion and metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
In contrast, the loss of HOTAIR can inhibit cancer invasion, especially in cells with excessive PRC2 activity. (biomedcentral.com)
p53, mdm-2, p21, and mib-1 expression were assessed by immunohistochemical methods in primary tumors derived from 134 patients who took part in a randomized multicenter trial comparing docetaxel to sequential methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil (MF) in advanced breast cancer. (lu.se)
These results suggest a strong link between ovulatory menstrual cycles and the risk of developing breast cancer, with progesterone playing an important role. (medscape.com)
SCR-6852, an oral and highly brain-penetrating estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), effectively shrinks tumors both in intracranial and subcutaneous ER + breast cancer models. (medscape.com)
Noninvasive prediction of axillary lymph node breast cancer metastasis using morphometric analysis of nodal tumor microvessels in a contrast-free ultrasound approach. (medscape.com)
Correction: Changes in the tumor oxygenation but not in the tumor volume and tumor vascularization reflect early response of breast cancer to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. (medscape.com)
Patients diagnosed with locally advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after prior chemotherapy. (who.int)

Tumor suppressors are involved in regulating the cell cycle, ensuring that cells only divide when necessary and that the process is tightly controlled. (pharmiweb.com)
The two-hit hypothesis has now been adopted as a key mechanism for the loss of function of tumor suppressors leading to oncogenesis. (medscape.com)
Moreover, it was revealed that miRNAs can act as tumor suppressors or oncogenes. (nature.com)

This work adds to the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms behind cell cycle arrest preceding tumor cell apoptosis induced by ASncmtRNA knockdown. (uandes.cl)

Those variations are particularly prevalent in cell cycle regulation, DNA repair, and natural tumor suppression mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)
In addition, we are exploring the role of cyclin D1 in tumor pathogenesis by defining the mechanisms of oncogene upregulation as well as the cell cycle and non-cell cycle functions of cyclin D1 in these tumors. (harvard.edu)
However, the mechanisms by which blockade of G9A leads to a tumor suppressive effect remain poorly understood. (nih.gov)
PRR on myeloid cells can be triggered by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), but also indirectly by secondary mechanisms such as complement activation and circulating antibodies (Abs), resulting in cytolytic and phagocytic effector mechanisms. (frontiersin.org)
Pathogen clearance is mediated by mechanisms such as phagocytosis, respiratory burst with the production of ROS and RNS and release of bacteriostatic peptides, but also through the cell-extrinsic initiation of inflammation via the release of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines ( 24 ). (frontiersin.org)
Molecular mechanisms for regulation of gene expression at different levels: remodeling of chromatin, initiation of transcription, nuclear transport and signalling, and RNA interference. (lu.se)
Mechanisms for maintaining genetic information during cell division and the generation of genetic variation: replication, mitosis, meiosis, recombination. (lu.se)
Mechanisms that regulate development from single cell to multicellular organisms. (lu.se)
Although highly preliminary, the findings suggest that different tumor biological factors may predict response to different chemotherapy regimens with distinct mechanisms of action. (lu.se)

Studies have found that E2F1 is highly expressed in a variety of tumor tissues and cells and plays a role of oncogenic gene [ 10 - 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
They facilitate adhesion between leukocytes and endothelial cells, enabling leukocyte extravasation into tissues during inflammation. (pharmiweb.com)
Ig-superfamily CADMs are involved in mediating cell-to-cell adhesion, helping cells stick together and form tissues and organs. (pharmiweb.com)
It has been proven that the miR-183 expression is up-regulated in tumor tissues and patient serum in BC, which indicates its possibly an oncogenic role 15 , 16 . (nature.com)
The T category informs about tumor growth, depth and stage of adjacent tissues invasion. (biorxiv.org)

In mice, fasting cycles then "flipped a regenerative switch": changing the signaling pathways for hematopoietic stem cells, which are responsible for the generation of blood and immune systems, the research showed. (usc.edu)
They participate in multiple cellular processes and signaling pathways in living organisms, including cell cycle, growth, and metabolism, and mediate chromatin modification, transcriptional regulation, post-translational modification, and cellular autophagy. (techscience.com)

As more research is completed in the field of genetic mutations, specifically involving DNA Methylation, these drugs can be utilized to their maximum efficiency to clinically treat cancerous tumors. (wikipedia.org)
explains the growth of cancerous tumors. (medlineplus.gov)

In mouse and rat xenograft tumor models, TAK-285 showed antitumor activity against cancers that expressed HER2 or EGFR. (jcancer.org)
Xenograft studies using human prostate carcinoma PC3 cells demonstrate that BRCA1 depletion results in increased tumor growth. (conicet.gov.ar)

Furthermore, it could significantly improve tumor cycle arrest, and delay tumor cell growth. (oncotarget.com)
In both mice and a Phase 1 human clinical trial, long periods of not eating significantly lowered white blood cell counts. (usc.edu)
Single entinostat- or chemotherapy significantly reduced cell viability in human neuroendocrine SCLC cells. (sciencenet.cn)
Combination treatment with entinostat and cisplatin significantly decreased tumor growth in vivo . (sciencenet.cn)
Using the PubMed database, Cochrane Library and Web of Science, studies published in English evaluating miRs differentially expressed in tumor tissue and significantly associated with the prognostic aspects of CRC were selected. (biorxiv.org)

This kinase, as well as CDK4, has been shown to phosphorylate, and thus regulate the activity of, tumor suppressor protein Rb. (cancerindex.org)
p53 is a tumour suppressor protein involved in maintenance of genomic stability of the cell. (uib.no)

Because tumour dormancy provides a unique therapeutic window to prevent metastatic disease, we discuss on-going clinical trials and weigh the potential for immunotherapy to eradicate dormant disease. (nature.com)
Breast metastatic tumors in lung can be substituted by lung-derived malignant cells transformed by alternative splicing H19 lncRNA. (medscape.com)

The role of oncogenes in growth hormone signal transduction. (utdallas.edu)

Relationship between hematogenous tumor cell dissemination and cellular immunity in DCIS patients. (nature.com)
The transforming gene products of these viruses, such as the E1A oncoproteins of adenovirus 5, led to the identification of cellular factor p60, known as cyclin A. This research was the first demonstration of a physical link between cellular transformation and the cell cycle, thereby paving the way for the melding of these two areas of research. (newswise.com)

Several natural and synthetic HDAC inhibitors have been shown to affect the growth and survival of tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. (oregonstate.edu)

The treatment also induces an increase in the microRNA hsa-miR-4485-3p, whose sequence maps to ASncmtRNA-2 and transfection of MDA-MB-231 cells with a mimic of this miRNA induces cyclin B1 and D1 downregulation. (uandes.cl)
Forced expression of NBPF1 in HEK293T cells resulted in a G1 cell cycle arrest that was accompanied by upregulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 CIP1/WAF1 in a p53-dependent manner. (biomedcentral.com)
Furthermore, the data of the present study indicated that B‑cell lymphoma 2 and cyclin D1 is involved in the regulation of AKT1 expression. (spandidos-publications.com)

Interestingly, tumors with both negative mdm-2 and p21 expression, irrespective of p53 status, had a high response rate to docetaxel but no response to MF. (lu.se)

Due to the large tumor load in advanced patients, drug resistance is easy to occur during chemotherapy. (hindawi.com)
Therefore, improving the early diagnosis rate, chemotherapy drug sensitivity, reducing tumor recurrence, and improving disease prognosis are the focus of diagnosis and treatment research at the present stage [ 8 , 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
By outlining how prolonged fasting cycles - periods of no food for two to four days at a time over the course of six months - kill older and damaged immune cells and generate new ones, the research also has implications for chemotherapy tolerance and for those with a wide range of immune system deficiencies, including autoimmunity disorders. (usc.edu)
Now, if you start with a system heavily damaged by chemotherapy or aging, fasting cycles can generate, literally, a new immune system. (usc.edu)
The results of our phenotype analysis also indicate that it is more likely that a panel of tumor biological factors instead of only one single factor may be needed for better prediction of chemotherapy response. (lu.se)

Previous studies have confirmed that the TRIMs protein family is involved in the development of various cancers and correlated with the prognosis of tumor patients. (techscience.com)
The most frequent tumor suppressor miRs were miR-126, miR-199b and miR-22 and the hypoexpression of these miRs was associated with distant metastasis, worse prognosis and a higher risk of disease relapse (worse disease-free survival). (biorxiv.org)

Primarily, p53 protects the cell from malignant transformation through cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. (uib.no)

There are many other demethylating agents that can be used to inhibit the growth of other diseases. (wikipedia.org)
Many experimental studies have revealed that metformin can inhibit the growth of tumor cell lines [ 3 , 5 - 8 ]. (oncotarget.com)

Clinical hallmarks of VHL disease include the development of retinal and central nervous system (CNS) hemangioblastomas (blood vessel tumors), pheochromocytomas , multiple cysts in the pancreas and kidneys, and an increased risk for malignant transformation of renal cysts into renal cell carcinoma. (medscape.com)

Therefore, screening new Chinese medicine active components and determining their antitumor effects have become a new breakthrough in the prevention and treatment of tumor disease. (hindawi.com)
Many natural products and their active components have been reported to have potential antitumor or tumor preventive properties. (hindawi.com)
Immune cells abundantly infiltrate tumors, creating a complex environment mediated by repetitive cycles of antitumor responses and immune evasion ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)

This complex inhibits mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase, a key protein in cells that regulate the gene translation responsible for cell-cycle regulation. (medscape.com)
Receptors inside cells interact with hormones that regulate gene function (eg, corticosteroids, vitamin D , thyroid hormone). (msdmanuals.com)
Receptors on the cell surface bind with hormones that regulate enzyme activity or affect ion channels (eg, growth hormone, thyrotropin-releasing hormone). (msdmanuals.com)
These anterior pituitary hormones regulate peripheral endocrine glands (the thyroid, adrenals, and gonads) as well as growth and lactation. (msdmanuals.com)

It specifically negatively regulates the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway to induce cell cycle arrest. (medscape.com)

DNA damage, p53 mutations induced by oxida- subsequent cell divisions. (who.int)
Patients with EGFR activating mutations or ALK- positive tumour mutations should also have received targeted therapy (i.e. (who.int)

Developmental genetics and tumour genetics. (lu.se)

The National Human Genome Research Institute's Talking Glossary provides information about the cell cycle . (medlineplus.gov)
In particular, ubiquitin-mediated degradation is critically important at transition points where it provides directionality and irreversibility to the cell cycle, which is essential for maintaining genome integrity. (intechopen.com)
Genome-wide allelotyping studies have identified several novel tumor suppressor loci on chromosomes 3p, 3q, 11p, 16p, and 22q, and current studies are aimed at characterizing these loci further. (harvard.edu)
BRCA1 plays numerous roles in the regulation of genome integrity and chemoresistance. (conicet.gov.ar)

To determine the impacts of miR-183 on cell viability, the MTT assay was used. (nature.com)
BRCA1 expression mediates apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and decreased viability in response to doxorubicin treatment. (conicet.gov.ar)

These studies will contribute to a better understanding of adhesion-dependent signalling and anchorage-dependence of cell growth, and therefore to the pathogenesis of the malignant disease. (europa.eu)
The goals of the laboratory are: (1) to define the molecular pathogenesis of endocrine tumors of the GI tract. (harvard.edu)

The exact biological mechanism(s) by which the BBB limits drug exposure is not clear, but in addition to epithelial tight junctions, enhanced efflux of chemotherapeutic agents out of the CNS space by endothelial cell membrane transporters in brain blood vessels plays a primary role ( 2 ). (jcancer.org)
We could not predict that prolonged fasting would have such a remarkable effect in promoting stem cell-based regeneration of the hematopoietic system," said corresponding author Valter Longo , the Edna M. Jones Professor of Gerontology and the Biological Sciences at the USC Davis School of Gerontology , and director of the USC Longevity Institute. (usc.edu)

The course is an optional second-cycle course for a degree of Bachelor or Master of Science in Biology and Molecular Biology. (lu.se)

These molecules are essential for embryonic development, wound healing, immune cell recognition, and many other physiological functions. (pharmiweb.com)
Principles of how dysregulation causes tumour growth and deviant embryonic development. (lu.se)

Early identification of VHL is important because of the increased risk of serious complications (eg, renal cell carcinoma) to foster more effective treatment options and better prognoses. (medscape.com)

Goss, P. E. & Chambers, A. F. Does tumour dormancy offer a therapeutic target? (nature.com)
Thus, it is important to define and develop new therapeutic agents, which may bind to BC cells specifically and effectively. (spandidos-publications.com)

Vitamin K aids in the utilization of carbohydrates by assisting insulin in performing more effectively and encouraging glucose absorption from meals into the cells where it is required for energy production or storage as fat (which will then be burned off later). (liveradiantly.com)

Tight regulation of this process ensures that a dividing cell's DNA is copied properly, any errors in the DNA are repaired, and each daughter cell receives a full set of chromosomes. (medlineplus.gov)
Circular chromosomes have frequently been observed in tumors of mesenchymal origin. (bvsalud.org)

LincRNA-p21 participates in TP53-dependent transcriptional repression leading to apoptosis and seem to have to effect on cell-cycle regulation. (lsbio.com)
[ 5 ] Targeted disruption of TP53 in the mouse leads to the development of various tumors. (medscape.com)

The chronotherapy concept takes advantage of the circadian rhythm of cells physiology in maximising a treatment efficacy on its target while minimising its toxicity on healthy organs. (numdam.org)
Tumors involving other organs and the CNS (brain, spinal cord) are present in 25% of patients with VHL disease. (medscape.com)
The endocrine system coordinates functioning between different organs through hormones, which are chemicals released into the bloodstream from specific types of cells within endocrine (ductless) glands. (msdmanuals.com)

The development of tumor is closely related to the cell cycle. (hindawi.com)
Klein, G. Foulds' dangerous idea revisited: the multistep development of tumors 40 years later. (nature.com)
Among the superfamily of cell adhesion molecules, in this article, we mainly focus on Ig-Superfamily CADMs: the members of the Immunoglobulin superfamily of cell adhesion molecules, which play diverse roles in immune responses, neural development, and cell signaling. (pharmiweb.com)
L1CAM plays a role in neural development, axon guidance, and cell migration. (pharmiweb.com)
mTOR also reduces the cell growth factors (eg, vascular endothelial growth factor) involved in new blood vessel development. (medscape.com)
Tumors are an essential aspect of the body's development. (liveradiantly.com)
Deaths from sporadic cancers (i.e. cancers for which no recognized exposure accounts for tumour development) may be prevented by screening or earlier diagnosis. (who.int)

Most patients have tumor metastasis and recurrence within 2 years, and the 5-year survival rate is 20%-40% [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
The survival of patients with CRC is directly associated with the pathological stage (pTNM) of the disease which is determined after microscope analysis of the sample obtained by biopsy or surgical resection of the tumor 2 , 3 . (biorxiv.org)
AKT1 also has a crucial effect on cell survival ( 14 - 17 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

[ 2 ] Diagnosed in 50% of patients with VHL disease, these hemangiomas are composed of endothelial cells and pericytes. (medscape.com)

With the changes of the diet types and the bad living habits, malignant tumors have gradually developed into a serious threat to human health and life. (hindawi.com)
In this study, we investigated whether Ganoderma lucidum elicits its anti-tumor effects by suppressing cell growth and inducing antioxidative/detoxification activity in human ovarian OVCAR-3 cells. (greenmedinfo.com)
Meriolins display better antiproliferative and proapoptotic properties in human tumor cell cultures than their parent molecules, meridianins and variolins. (rcsb.org)
Consistent with the in vitro activities, frankincense essential oil was effective in inhibiting tumor growth and inducing tumor cell apoptosis in a human BC mouse model. (spandidos-publications.com)
What we started noticing in both our human work and animal work is that the white blood cell count goes down with prolonged fasting. (usc.edu)
A large number of experimental studies show that the mutation and regulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are associated with various human diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
DNA damage induced cial tanning lamps produce the types of DNA by UVB irradiation typically includes the damage associated with photocarcinogenesis in formation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers human cells. (who.int)

Immunohistochemistry in diagnostic surgical pathology: contributions of protein life-cycle, use of evidence-based methods and data normalization on interpretation of immunohistochemical stains. (lsbio.com)

1) The regulation of these protein levels is vital for the understanding of the cell cycle control and its dysregulation. (ukessays.com)
10) Therefore, it is important to evaluate its role in the cell cycle and its dysregulation. (ukessays.com)

Decreased expression of NBPF1 in neuroblastoma cell lines with loss of 1p36 heterozygosity and the marked decrease of anchorage-independent clonal growth of DLD1 colorectal carcinoma cells with induced NBPF1 expression further suggest that NBPF1 functions as tumor suppressor. (biomedcentral.com)

CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that androgen signaling is a key pathway involved in the growth of AR-positive EMPD. (bvsalud.org)
We also demonstrated that the nuclear translocation of Zic2 after BEX2 silencing could activate the hedgehog signaling pathway, while Zic2 knockdown abrogated the migratory enhancement of BEX2-/- cells and inhibited the hedgehog signaling pathway. (ijbs.com)
In response to DNA-damaging agents, the wild-type p53-activated fragment 1 (WAF1 also known as p21) is an important downstream effector in the p53-specific growth arrest pathway. (lu.se)

Anatomy18

Organisms10

Diseases53

Chemicals and Drugs76

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment39

Phenomena and Processes63

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Health Care3

Proliferation41

Progression26

Solid tumors7

Microenvironment5

Inhibition13

Genes16

Angiogenesis4

Proteins11

Differentiation6

Cancer69

Suppressors3

Preceding tumor cell apoptosis1

Mechanisms9

Tissues5

Pathways2

Cancerous tumors2

Xenograft2

Significantly5

Suppressor protein2

Metastatic2

Oncogenes1

Cellular2

Vivo1

Cyclin3

Interestingly1

Chemotherapy5

Prognosis2

Arrest and Apoptosis1

Inhibit the growth2

Malignant transformation1

Antitumor3

Regulate4

Induce1

Mutations2

Genetics1

Genome4

Viability2

Pathogenesis2

Biological2

Molecular1

Embryonic development2

Renal cell carc1

Therapeutic2

Effectively1

Chromosomes2

TP532

Organs3

Development7

Survival3

Pericytes1

Human7

Immunohistochemistry1

Dysregulation2

Clonal1

Pathway3