Regulation of gene oxidative cell cycle. Medical search. Frequent questions

Therefore, elucidation of mechanisms underlying oxidative stress and inflammations in the vascular wall will have important impact in understanding atherosclerosis and vascular diseases associated with cardiovascular risk factors and will eventually lead to novel and effective therapeutic modalities. (frontiersin.org)

GSEA analysis found STARD12 and STARD14 were associated with glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation and tumor related signaling pathways. (medsci.org)
Glucose is the major substrate for ATP synthesis through glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), whereas intermediary metabolism through the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle utilizes non-glucose-derived monocarboxylates, amino acids, and alpha ketoacids to support mitochondrial ATP and GTP synthesis. (molvis.org)
Promoters of genes associated with oxidative phosphorylation are preferentially remethylated at the 8-cell stage, suggesting that this mode of energy metabolism may not be favored. (nature.com)
The dual regulation of ERK and mTOR phosphorylation upstream of TFEB influences the death outcome of AML12 cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Promotes mitochondrial biogenesis in RPE cells following oxidative stress and promotes STAT3 phosphorylation which leads to inhibition of CASP3 release (PubMed:26990160). (cansar.ai)
Oxidative phosphorylation dysregulation (OXPHOS) has been demonstrated to be essential for the development of cancer. (scientificarchives.com)
Serine/threonine kinase that plays a key role in regulation of glucose and fatty acid metabolism and homeostasis via phosphorylation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase subunits PDHA1 and PDHA2. (thermofisher.com)

induces growth arrest or apoptosis depending on the physiological circumstances and cell type. (lsbio.com)
LincRNA-p21 participates in TP53-dependent transcriptional repression leading to apoptosis and seem to have to effect on cell-cycle regulation. (lsbio.com)
In other situations the response is cell cycle arrest or programmed cell death (apoptosis), providing a barrier to further tumour development that the tumour may ultimately circumvent through the acquisition of a mutation in one of the genes within the stress-response pathway. (southampton.ac.uk)
They are involved in a range of cellular processes, depending upon the transcriptional repressor that recruits them to DNA, and they suppress the transcription of genes that cause apoptosis (reviewed in Bergman et al, 2006a). (southampton.ac.uk)
This indolamine advances apoptosis, which arrests the cell cycle and regulates metabolic activity. (explorationpub.com)
Many laboratories have focused on the functions of the clock genes and proteins that are involved in cellular activities, including cell survival, cell cycle regulation, proliferation, apoptosis, DNA damage repair, and tumor promotion or suppression [ 5 , 6 ]. (explorationpub.com)
Melatonin has oncostatic properties that are mediated by induction of apoptosis, arresting the cell cycle, regulation of metabolic activity, and the inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) activity [ 9 ]. (explorationpub.com)
p53 is a tumor suppressor that has a central role in regulating cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, and apoptosis. (novusbio.com)
Protects retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells against oxidative stress-induced and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced apoptosis (PubMed:26990160, PubMed:27783653). (cansar.ai)
Reduces testicular hormone deprivation-induced apoptosis of germ cells at the nonandrogen-sensitive stages of the seminiferous epithelium cycle (PubMed:19952275). (cansar.ai)
Crypt hyperplasia in GCC-/- mice was associated with compensatory increases in cell migration and apoptosis. (jefferson.edu)
Additionally, in response to a variety of stressors that induce CASP2-mediated apoptosis, casp2 -/- cells demonstrate a further upregulation of autophagy compared with wild-type MEFs, and upregulated autophagy provides a survival advantage. (uthscsa.edu)
Protects cells against apoptosis in response to hypoxia and oxidative stress. (thermofisher.com)
Alternatively, cells that sense injury or loss of mitochondrial integrity may undergo programmed cell death (apoptosis). (massgenomics.org)
As a consequence, NEMO Δhepa /KEAP1 Δhepa livers showed reduced apoptosis compared to NEMO Δhepa livers as well as a dramatic downregulation of genes involved in cell cycle regulation and DNA replication. (wur.nl)
Previously, we have reported that exposure of BEAS-2B cells to single wall carbon nanotube s (SWCNT) caused ultra-structural and morphological changes, cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and induced oxidative stress as shown by the formation of free radicals, accumulation of peroxidative products, and depletion of antioxidants. (cdc.gov)

NRF2 appears to participate in a complex regulatory network and performs a pleiotropic role in the regulation of metabolism, inflammation, autophagy, proteostasis, mitochondrial physiology, and immune responses. (wikipedia.org)
Our goals were twofold: 1) to characterize the gene expression, protein expression, and activity of key synthesizing and regulating enzymes of energy metabolism in the whole mouse retina, retinal compartments, and/or cells and 2) to provide an integrative analysis of the results related to function. (molvis.org)
The molecular functions of upregulated genes in MZ-2 were mainly enriched for protein degradation and amino acid metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
We have also developed interests in other pathways which regulate gene transcription and cancer cell proliferation in response to stress and changes in cell metabolism. (southampton.ac.uk)
CtBP activity is modified by UV radiation and glycolytic metabolism, suggesting that CtBPs regulate cell survival in response to cellular stress. (southampton.ac.uk)
With the synchronized output of the central circadian clock in relation to the pineal gland and other peripheral oscillators, melatonin acts as a key role player in the regulation of intermediary metabolism and cancer prevention [ 7 ]. (explorationpub.com)
The study found that both liver cell models showed ATP metabolism disorder, membrane damage, autophagosome formation and lysosome damage, but the difference was that, KUP5 cells exhibited more serious damage than AML12 cells, suggesting that immunogenic cell type is particularly sensitive to CDs. (biomedcentral.com)
We found that of S. lappa extract reduced the expression of genes related to allergy metabolism in Nc/Nga mice. (molcells.org)
Succinate is an essential intermediate of the tricarboxylic acid cycle that exerts pleiotropic roles beyond metabolism in both physiological and pathological conditions. (haematologica.org)
Hence, succinate links metabolism to processes like gene expression and intercellular communication. (haematologica.org)
p53 can control diverse transcriptional programs to regulate senescence and cell death programs as well as cellular metabolism (2). (novusbio.com)
For instance, the transformation of plants with a yeast-derived invertase targeted to different subcellular compartments has led to the elucidation of several key aspects of sugar metabolism, including phloem loading mechanisms, the regulation of photosynthesis by sugars, the importance of sugar-metabolism compartmentation with regards to sucrose biosynthesis, storage and distribution, as well as the role of cell-wall invertase in phloem unloading and sink strength. (sun.ac.za)
Additionally, a viable therapeutic strategy may involve triggering the cell death mechanism in cancer cells by blocking mitochondrial metabolism with a natural substance. (scientificarchives.com)
Numerous genes transcribed in oocytes are involved in multiple aspects of cell maintenance and protection, including metabolism, signal perception and transduction, RNA processing, cell cycle, defense against pathogens and DNA damage. (biomedcentral.com)
In mice, microarray analysis revealed that Keap1 deletion induces NRF2 target genes involved in glutathione metabolism and xenobiotic stress (e.g. (wur.nl)

This study revealed proteins involved in oxidative stress are able to inhibit p53 degradation (4). (novusbio.com)
In conformity with our earlier study, it appears that SWCNT alter a variety of genes that include those involved in oxidative stress. (cdc.gov)

NRF2 is a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) protein that may regulate the expression of antioxidant proteins that protect against oxidative damage triggered by injury and inflammation, according to preliminary research. (wikipedia.org)
Oxidative stress and inflammation in the vascular wall are essential mechanisms of atherosclerosis and vascular dysfunctions associated with risk factors such as metabolic diseases, aging, hypertension, etc. (frontiersin.org)
Mechanisms of pathogenesis of atherosclerosis are complex interplay between bloodstream cells and arterial wall components that leads to a chronic state of vascular oxidative stress and inflammation ( Hansson and Hermansson, 2011 ). (frontiersin.org)
In the past decades, unambiguous evidence has been provided that heightened oxidative stress and vascular wall inflammation are the key mechanisms for initiation and progression of atherosclerosis and vascular diseases associated with the risk factors ( Hansson and Hermansson, 2011 ). (frontiersin.org)
In males, WBV resulted in a significant reduction in spermatids and circulating prolactin levels, elevation in number of males having higher circulating testosterone concentrations, and marked alterations in levels of transcripts associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and factors involved in regulating the cell cycle. (cdc.gov)
We hypothesize that these pro-oxidative chemicals could synergize with oxidized lipid components generated in low-density lipoprotein particles to enhance vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. (biomedcentral.com)
These modules were also enriched in synergistically co-regulated genes and pathways relevant to vascular inflammation. (biomedcentral.com)
Protects endothelial cells against free fatty acid-induced inflammation by suppressing oxidative stress, reducing expression of TXNIP and inhibiting activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome which inhibits expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL1B and IL18 (PubMed:32923762). (cansar.ai)
Background & Aims: In chronic liver diseases, inflammation induces oxidative stress and thus may contribute to the progression of liver injury, fibrosis, and carcinogenesis. (wur.nl)
CNT in biochemical models and in cells yielding the products engineered CNT represent a possible health risk due to their that did not cause pulmonary inflammation in mice [14]. (cdc.gov)

This inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, and thereby regulates metabolite flux through the tricarboxylic acid cycle, down-regulates aerobic respiration and inhibits the formation of acetyl-coenzyme A from pyruvate. (thermofisher.com)

This occurs even in stressed cells, which normally extend the half-life of NRF2 protein relative to unstressed conditions by suppressing other degradation pathways. (wikipedia.org)
In addition, some pathways that are typically altered during cardiac aging-induced damage, including the generation of radical oxidative species, the mitochondrial metabolic activity, the modulation of the mitochondrial calcium buffering capacity, and the regulation of estradiol and estrogen-regulated gene expression, were investigated [ 20 - 22 ]. (hindawi.com)
Gene ontology category and KEGG analysis suggested that 216 upregulated genes in MZ-2 were annotated by 70 GO assignments, 242 upregulated genes were associated with 188 signal pathways, while 321 upregulated genes in MZ-3 were annotated by 56 GO assignments, 322 upregulated genes were associated with 168 signal pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
In single celled organisms these pathways are generally involved in ensuring the survival and replication of the individual cell. (southampton.ac.uk)
Stress-response pathways play a key role in the patho-physiology and treatment of many diseases, including cancer.At almost every stage of the development of a tumour, cells are exposed to some form of stress. (southampton.ac.uk)
Many current and prospective treatments for cancer work by either inhibiting, or re-activating stress response pathways.Our work focuses on the role of regulators of gene transcription in the response of cancer cells to stress. (southampton.ac.uk)
A particular interest of our work has been how HDM2 and HDMX protein synthesis is controlled in response to cell-signalling pathways in different cell types, and how this affects p53 function in these cells. (southampton.ac.uk)
Regulation of autophagy is essential to prevent unwanted and escess activation, and several pathways and molecules, both stimulatory and inhibitory, are included. (helsinki.fi)
However it remains unknown which endocytic pathways are active in brain endothelial cells. (helsinki.fi)
As brain endothelial cells are polarized in vivo, the aim of the study was to demonstrate the cell polarization of hCMEC/D3 cells and to study the activity and functionality of different endocytic pathways as a function of cell polarization. (helsinki.fi)
To characterize hCMEC/D3 cells for the presence of specific endocytic pathways, proteins involved into each pathway were selected. (helsinki.fi)
Genotoxic damage causes robust alterations to pathways associated with B cell activation and increased proliferation, suggesting that genotoxic damage initiates not only the normal B cell maturation processes but also mimics activated B cell response to antigenic agents. (biomedcentral.com)
Melatonin can disrupt estrogen-mediated cellular pathways, ensuing in a lattice drop of estrogenic stimulus to the breast cancer cells. (explorationpub.com)
Diesel exhaust particles and oxidized phospholipids synergistically affect the expression profile of several gene modules that correspond to pathways relevant to vascular inflammatory processes such as atherosclerosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Nonetheless, when cells rely on anaerobic glycolysis, like cancer cells and certain innate immune cells upon activation, other metabolic pathways sustain succinate levels, including glutamine-dependent anerplerosis to α-ketoglutarate, and eventually citrate by reductive carboxylation. (haematologica.org)
Succinate is an intermediate of several metabolic pathways, i.e. tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle under normoxic conditions (blue lines), and glutamine-dependent anerplerosis and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt under anaerobic conditions (red lines). (haematologica.org)
In their review " Natural and Adaptive Immunity to Cancer ", Vesely and colleagues draw from recent mouse models of cancer and human clinical data to describe how cells, effector molecules, and pathways of the immune system act to suppress and control tumor cells. (massgenomics.org)

In addition, their osteogenic differentiation potential was increased, and genes involved in cell adhesion, FGF-2 signalling, cell cycle, stemness, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation were upregulated, compared to that of the MSCs cultured on uncoated plates. (hindawi.com)
The molecular functions of upregulated genes in MZ-3 were mainly enriched for transcriptional activity, cell proliferation and cell differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
Role of CtBP transcriptional repressors in cancer cell proliferation and survival In common with p53, CtBP1 and CtBP2 proteins were discovered through their physical association with a viral oncoprotein. (southampton.ac.uk)
AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim of this study was to investigate the role and mechanism by which FZKA inhibited the cell growth, proliferation and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD) and reversed the acquired resistance of gefitinib for the therapy in LUAD. (bvsalud.org)
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cell viability assay and EDU assay were used for detecting of cell viability and cell proliferation. (bvsalud.org)
RESULTS: FZKA significantly inhibited the cell viability, proliferation and cell invasion of LUAD, the combination of FZKA and gefitinib had a great synergy on the above processes. (bvsalud.org)
Overexpression of Snail and EGFR significantly reversed the effect of FZKA-inhibited cell invasion and cell proliferation. (bvsalud.org)
Recently, signaling by GCC and its downstream effector, cyclic GMP (cGMP) has emerged as a principal regulator of proliferation in human colon cancer cells. (jefferson.edu)
In close agreement, induction of GCC signaling in mucosal sheets ex vivo and intestinal cells in vitro inhibited proliferation by activating cGMP-dependent protein kinase and delaying the cell cycle at the G1/S transition. (jefferson.edu)
Separately, deletion of GCC increased tumor growth by releasing a restriction on the cell cycle normally constraining epithelial cell proliferation. (jefferson.edu)
Plays an important role in cellular responses to hypoxia and is important for cell proliferation under hypoxia. (thermofisher.com)
In response to mito- pendence between the key mecha- gens, cell proliferation is triggered by nistic characteristics. (who.int)
H - Ras cell proliferation are also linked with haematopoietic cel s. (who.int)

Ab-TrSOD, when compared to TrSOD, promoted a decrease in the formation of ROS of 19 and 14% at the concentrations of 1 and 6 μmol/L, respectively, indicating that this joplinks Recombinant Human Regulator of G-protein form was more effective in reducing oxidative stress compared to SOD without the cell penetrating peptide (CPP). (pimac.org)

Furthermore, we assessed the global gene expression profile of MSCs on uncoated and PLL-coated plates. (hindawi.com)
Gain of short arm of chromosome 5 (5p) is the most frequent karyotypic change in CC. Methods: To examine the role of 5p gain, we performed a combination of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and gene expression analyses on invasive cancer and in various stages of CC progression. (columbia.edu)
We integrated chromosome 5 genomic copy number and gene expression data to identify key target over expressed genes as a consequence of 5p gain. (columbia.edu)
mRNA expression data of energy-related genes were extracted from our whole retinal Affymetrix microarray data. (molvis.org)
The Affymetrix data revealed varied gene expression patterns of the ATP synthesizing and regulating enzymes found in the muscle, liver, and brain. (molvis.org)
Expression of nucleoside diphosphate kinase, mitochondria-associated adenylate kinase, and several mitochondria-associated creatine kinase isozymes was highest in the outer retina, whereas expression of cytosolic adenylate kinase and brain creatine kinase was higher in the cones, horizontal cells, and amacrine cells indicating the diversity of ATP-buffering strategies among retinal neurons. (molvis.org)
Approximately 95 genes in MZ-2 and 48 genes in MZ-3 were further identified to have stage-specific expression. (biomedcentral.com)
At different developmental stages, the genes expressed, as well as the levels of gene expression, vary. (biomedcentral.com)
Western Blot and qRT-PCR were used for protein and gene expression test. (bvsalud.org)
The in situ expression of protein was measured by cell immunofluorescence. (bvsalud.org)
Moreover, FZKA significantly decreased EZH2 mRNA and protein expression, FZKA reversed the resistance of gefitinib by down-regulation of EZH2 protein. (bvsalud.org)
The level of cell polarization in cells grown on transwell permeable supports was characterized at multiple timepoints with four different methods: transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurement, lucifer yellow permeability assay, alkaline phosphatase expression and ZO-1 expression. (helsinki.fi)
In in vitro experiment using HaCaT cells, we found that the S. lappa components, including alantolactone, caryophyllene, costic acid, costunolide and dehydrocostus lactone significantly decreased the expression of PI3Kca but not IL20Rβ in vitro . (molcells.org)
Microarray analysis is a molecular technique that enables the parallel analysis of expression by a very large number of genes encompassing a significant fraction of the human genome. (molcells.org)
We have used human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC) to study the combined effects of a model air pollutant, diesel exhaust particles (DEP), and oxidized 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonyl- sn -glycero-3-phosphorylcholine (ox-PAPC) on genome-wide gene expression. (biomedcentral.com)
Gene-expression profiling showed that both the DEP extract and ox-PAPC co-regulated a large number of genes. (biomedcentral.com)
This allows p53 to bind DNA and regulate the expression of various genes (2). (novusbio.com)
Finally, the gene expression of Atf4, Ire1α, Xbp1s, Xbp1t, Grp78 and Chop was measured from these cDNA samples by qPCR (quantitative polymerase chain reaction). (helsinki.fi)
The qPCR data describes the expression of exact gene. (helsinki.fi)
By statistical analysis, it was possible to compare the expression of these genes between 6-OHDA group and vehicle group. (helsinki.fi)
In other genes there were no statistical differences, unlike in several other studies where the expression was found to be increased. (helsinki.fi)
Protects against high glucose-induced endothelial cell dysfunction by mediating activation of ERK5 which leads to increased expression of transcription factor KLF2 and prevents monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells (PubMed:30029058). (cansar.ai)
Increases the expression of PPARGC1A/PGC1A in pancreatic beta cells which promotes mitochondrial biogenesis (PubMed:29432738). (cansar.ai)
These factors include sugar transporters and invertases as well as metabolites, including sucrose and glucose, which function as signalling molecules to modulate gene expression. (sun.ac.za)
Transgenic lines overproducing the yeast-derived invertase in either the vacuole (Vac-Inv) or apoplast (Apo-Inv) were utilised to analyse the effect of the altered sugar levels in sink and source organs on the expression of sugar transporters, as well as the endogenous cell wall invertase and inhibitors in these plants. (sun.ac.za)
In that context, differentiated enterocytes in villi exhibit higher guanylin expression and ligand-dependent cGMP accumulation compared to proliferating progenitor cells in crypts. (jefferson.edu)
They can bind directly to DRE/CRT (dehydration-responsive element/C repeat) cis -acting elements in the promoters of cold-regulated (COR) genes and trigger their expression to help plants withstand the bitter cold. (eurekalert.org)
Because arginine decarboxylase (ADC) is the key synthetase that catalyzes putrescine biosynthesis in plants, the authors then examined the expression of the ADC-encoding gene CmADC under cold treatment. (eurekalert.org)
It is postulated to bind as a tetramer to a p53-binding site and activate expression of downstream genes that inhibit growth and/or invasion, and thus function as a tumor suppressor. (affbiotech.cn)
Numerous cellular proteins detect DNA damage and induce senescence , a permanent change of state characterized by morphological and gene expression changes. (massgenomics.org)
Regulation of gene expression plays a central role in embryonic development. (biomedcentral.com)
Transcriptomic analyses provide an efficient approach to explore the temporal gene expression profiles in embryos and to search for the developmental regulators. (biomedcentral.com)
The major event of MBT was the activation of a large group of histones and other genes that modify chromatin structure preceding massive gene expression changes. (biomedcentral.com)
Early ontogeny is associated with dramatic gene expression changes that underlie and determine the developmental processes. (biomedcentral.com)
The oocyte is loaded with maternal mRNAs and proteins that control the cell maintenance and fate and the formation of the body plan prior to the onset of zygotic genome expression [ 3 , 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Results from RNA sequencing revealed that AEG‑1 modulated neuronal morphology and development by regulating the expression of numerous genes, such as ubiquitin C, C‑X‑C motif chemokine ligand 1, MMP9, Notch1, neuropilin 1 and ephrin type‑A receptor 4. (spandidos-publications.com)
Results: Immunohistochemical analysis of human liver sections showed increased oxidative stress and high NRF2 expression in patients with chronic liver disease. (wur.nl)
Changes in expression of 23 genes showed changes in gene expression. (cdc.gov)
trol spots, and images were screened for changes in A total of 173 genes were differentially expressed, expression values of at least 2-fold. (cdc.gov)
In this study, we have investigated the effect of SWCNT on alterations in gene expression. (cdc.gov)
The differential gene expression data analysis was per-formed using Affymetrix microarray suite 5.0 software. (cdc.gov)
Altered gene expression patterns were observed in 187 RNA transcripts with a signal log ratio of at least 0.8 (1.7 fold change). (cdc.gov)
A Syntenic Cross Species Aneuploidy Genetic Screen Links RCAN1 Expression to β-Cell Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes. (lu.se)
Downregulated adipose tissue expression of browning genes with increased environmental temperatures. (medscape.com)

These include: NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (Nqo1) is a prototypical NRF2 target protein which catalyzes the reduction and detoxification of highly reactive quinones that can cause redox cycling and oxidative stress. (wikipedia.org)
Specifically, oxidative stress by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the main extrinsic factor that induces senescence [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
Currently, there is evidence that oxidative stress through reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays an important role in the etiology and progression of several human diseases. (cnrs.fr)
The main role of PAs in plant stress is to counteract the damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and to prevent free radical damage or oxidative stress while also modulating ion channels to protect the morphology and integrity of cell membranes, nucleic acids, and proteins. (eurekalert.org)

Comparing these transcriptional responses provides a greater understanding of the mechanisms cells use in the differentiation between types of DNA damage and the potential consequences of different sources of damage. (biomedcentral.com)
We conducted a glob- ing to prevent skew in the results due to bias in CyDye al transcriptional analysis of human glioblastoma cell incorporation. (cdc.gov)
The differentially regu- many of which were not found in previous transcriptional lated genes were separately uploaded into EASE (4) to studies of other flaviviruses (3). (cdc.gov)
Transcriptional regulation in response to carbon nanotube s in human bronchial epithelial cells as detected by microarray analysis. (cdc.gov)

This review article will summarize the most recent findings on the functional roles of arginases in vascular diseases and/or dysfunctions and the underlying mechanisms in relation to oxidative stress and inflammations. (frontiersin.org)
DNA CpG methylation on the cytosine is among the most stable forms of epigenetic mechanisms in the life cycle of mammals. (nature.com)
Recent evidence obtained in mouse models shows its essential role regulating blood cell function through various mechanisms that include pseudohypoxia responses by hypoxia-inducible factor-1α activation, post-translational modifications like succinylation, and communication mediated by succinate receptor 1. (haematologica.org)
Further investigations will help to elucidate the complex mechanisms of p53 regulation (2). (novusbio.com)
Cells already have an array of intrinsic defense mechanisms that halt the transformation process. (massgenomics.org)
First, γδ T cells exposed to complicated cytokine networks are potentially affected by multiple inhibitory mechanisms. (explorationpub.com)
Mechanisms of cells were found to be a useful laboratory model for inves- tigating WNV infections. (cdc.gov)
These changes may be useful as potential biomarkers and and infected cells by using the RNeasy Mini kit and elucidate novel mechanisms behind the neuropathology of QIAshredder (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). (cdc.gov)
Biopersistence of carbon nanotubes (CNT) - resulting from their (neutrophils), - involved in the principal defense mechanisms of inherent durability [1,2] is one the major stumbling blocks on the innate immunity -was also effective in oxidative biodegradation of way of their broad biomedical applications. (cdc.gov)
Small Indels in the Androgen Receptor Gene: Phenotype Implications and Mechanisms of Mutagenesis. (medscape.com)

We have found that exposure to ambient ultrafine particulate matter, highly enriched in redox cycling organic chemicals, promotes atherosclerosis in mice. (biomedcentral.com)

Oxidative damage of DNA, lipids, and proteins is deleterious for the cell. (cnrs.fr)

Both Gclc and Gclm are characteristic NRF2 target genes, which establish NRF2 as a regulator of glutathione, one of the most important antioxidants in the body. (wikipedia.org)

Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) inhibition transforms human mammary gland epithelial cells. (lsbio.com)
Once ingested, sporozoites are released from the oocysts into intestinal epithelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Supporting proteome analyses confirmed that organic PM extracts induce a hierarchical oxidative stress response in macrophages and epithelial cells, in which the induction of electrophile-response element (EpRE) regulated genes (for example, heme oxygenase 1, catalase, and superoxide dismutase) at lower levels of oxidative stress prevented the more damaging pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic effects seen at higher levels of oxidative stress [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Exponentially growing human bronchial epithelial cells were exposed to 0.06, 0.12 or 0.24 mg/ml of SWCNT for 18 h. (cdc.gov)

Embryo morphology al ows options, the discovery of cell-free DNA in the evaluation of its growth, viability, and biological fluids has led to major advances in implantation capacity. (who.int)

Relevant cellular senescence markers, such as X-gal staining, cell cycle regulator levels, and the percentage of cell cycle-arrested cells, were found to be reduced in the presence of naringenin. (hindawi.com)
Various cellular senescence hallmarks (the percentage of X-gal staining cells, the mRNA levels of the p16 and p21 cell cycle regulators, and the percentage of cell cycle-arrested cells) were investigated. (hindawi.com)
Cellular senescence, which is morphologically characterized by an enlarged and flattened cell shape, was first described by Hayflick [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
Cellular senescence refers to active cells that eventually enter a state of irreversible growth arrest. (hindawi.com)
Examples include exposure to toxic compounds or radiation, loss of contact with other cells or the extra-cellular matrix, lack of oxygen (hypoxia), acidic pH, the activation of oncogenes, induction of cellular senescence, oxidative damage or depletion of essential metabolites. (southampton.ac.uk)

Activation of NRF2 induces the transcription of genes encoding cytoprotective proteins. (wikipedia.org)
A high-fat and high-cholesterol diet induces overt and latent oxidative damage in hippocampus of mice lacking apolipoprotein E. Open Neuro 12 , 12-18. (uml.edu)

Immunohistochemistry in diagnostic surgical pathology: contributions of protein life-cycle, use of evidence-based methods and data normalization on interpretation of immunohistochemical stains. (lsbio.com)
Elucidate the structure, dynamics and functions of intrinsically disordered proteins and protein regions (IDPs/IDRs) and their biological regulation by Post-translational modifications. (upstate.edu)
WBV exposure resulted in a significant reduction in number of developing follicles, and decrease in circulating estradiol concentrations, ovarian luteinizing hormone receptor protein levels, and marked changes in transcript levels for several factors involved in follicular development, cell cycle, and steroidogenesis. (cdc.gov)
This work aimed to clone, express, purify and evaluate the protective effect antioxidant of this enzyme on skin cells when fused to transactivator of transcription (TAT) protein transduction domain of HIV-1 and Abalone (Ab) peptides to allow cell penetration. (pimac.org)
An analysis of the sera from mice immunized with both variants of the protein revealed that the mRBD expressed in CHO cells provides a significantly stronger humoral immune response compared with the RBD expressed in E.coli cells. (pimac.org)
The nucleocapsid (N) protein of Severe Acute Respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is involved in viral replication, assembly and immune regulation and plays an important role in the viral life cycle. (pimac.org)
Therefore, by synthesizing the N gene sequence of SARS-CoV-2, constructing the pET-28a (+)-N recombinant plasmid, we expressed the N protein in E.coli and obtained 15 mAbs against SARS-CoV-2-N protein by the hybridomas and ascites, then an immunochromatographic test strip method detecting N antigen was established. (pimac.org)
GPR91 is a G protein-coupled cell surface receptor for extracellular succinate (Sucnr1). (haematologica.org)
The applications of p53 antibodies range from assessing protein levels and post-translational modifications to examining interactions with binding partners or occupancy at a gene locus. (novusbio.com)
SIRT1 is localized in the nucleus and can deacetylate numerous proteins such as tumor suppressor protein (p53), Ku70, NF-κB, and forkhead proteins which modulate genes that control cellular stress resistance ( Smith, 2002 ). (frontiersin.org)
Plays a role in up-regulation of anti-apoptotic protein BIRC6/APOLLON, leading to inhibition of neuronal cell death (PubMed:25138702). (cansar.ai)
Tumor protein p53, a nuclear protein, plays an essential role in the regulation of cell cycle, specifically in the transition from G0 to G1. (affbiotech.cn)
DeMarini, and Chapter 20, by Rice and cell death determine the size protein in several signal ing path- and Herceg). (who.int)

In addition to basic science investigations in such areas as tumor cell invasion, oncogenes, immunotherapy and genetic inheritance, our scientists and physicians participate in national cancer trials. (upstate.edu)
Mutations that activate oncogenes and deactivate tumor suppressor genes are widely recognized as significant contributors to cancer development. (bvsalud.org)

AML12 cells had no such response, suggesting that the accumulation of autophagosomes caused by CDs may be specific to macrophages. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, the liver contains the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) with rich population of macrophages (Kupffer cells) that take up nanoparticles. (biomedcentral.com)
Hepatic macrophages known as Kupffer cells (KUP5 cells or KCs), play a key role in immune defense, participating in phagocytosis and submitting immune response signals in the early stages of chemical exposure. (biomedcentral.com)
In vivo and in organized cells, and proper symmetry are healthy individuals, macrophages can characteristics of higher-quality embryos, which phagocytize DNA that has been passively point to healthy development and higher rates of released into the blood from apoptotic or necrotic implantation. (who.int)

We validated this synergy in vivo by demonstrating that hypercholesterolemic mice exposed to ambient ultrafine particles exhibited significant upregulation of the module genes in the liver. (biomedcentral.com)
Our results provide direct evidence for the participation of MPO - one of the key-orchestrators of inflammatory response - in the in vivo pulmonary oxidative biodegradation of SWCNT and suggest new ways to control the biopersistence of nanomaterials through genetic or pharmacological manipulations. (cdc.gov)

Evidence has been provided that activation of the vascular endothelial cells in the presence of the risk factors promotes oxidative stress and vascular inflammatory responses, leading to acceleration of atherosclerotic vascular disease. (frontiersin.org)
In present study we characterized human brain endothelial cells, hCMEC/D3, which are widely utilized as BBB in vitro model. (helsinki.fi)

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), also known as nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2, is a transcription factor that in humans is encoded by the NFE2L2 gene. (wikipedia.org)
In vitro, NRF2 binds to antioxidant response elements (AREs) in the promoter regions of genes encoding cytoprotective proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Under oxidative stress, NRF2 is not degraded, but instead travels to the nucleus where it binds to a DNA promoter and initiates transcription of antioxidative genes and their proteins. (wikipedia.org)

These changes may possess oncogenic properties by deregulating tumor-related genes. (columbia.edu)

Immunoreceptor signaling during development, homeostasis, and effector function of T cells and NK cells. (upstate.edu)
It is essential for cell homeostasis and survival and has been related to various diseases and pathophysiology. (helsinki.fi)
This promising field may open new avenues to modulate inflammatory responses and to preserve blood cell homeostasis in the clinical setting. (haematologica.org)
The significance of loss of GCC ligands early in intestinal tumorigenesis remains obscure because (patho)physiological roles of GCC signaling in intestine, beyond regulation of intestinal fluid and electrolyte homeostasis, are poorly defined. (jefferson.edu)

The 3T3 cells were exposed to the oxidant agent tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBH) and evaluated for ROS generation, in the presence or not of the recombinant enzymes. (pimac.org)
The contributions of CASP2 have been attributed to its regulatory role in apoptotic and nonapoptotic processes including the cell cycle, DNA repair, lipid biosynthesis, and regulation of oxidant levels in the cells. (uthscsa.edu)

In this study, we have confirmed the S. lappa 's anti-atopic properties in Nc/Nga mice and investigated the candidate gene related with its properties using microarray. (molcells.org)
Microarray analyses detected a suite of master developmental regulators that control differentiation and maintenance of diverse cell lineages. (biomedcentral.com)
The microarray experiment was carried out in monkey kidney) and C6 (mosquito) cells. (cdc.gov)

Both STARD12 and STARD14 were corelated with epigenetic regulation, especially TP53 mutation and m6A modification. (medsci.org)
STARD12 and STARD14 were expected to be potential biomarkers for LUAD, which were associated with epigenetic regulation, immune infiltration and ferroptosis. (medsci.org)
Critical epigenetic regulation of primate embryogenesis entails DNA methylome changes. (nature.com)
Succinate further inhibits several dioxygenases involved in epigenetic regulation like ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase (TET) and jumonji C domain-containing histone lysine demethylases (JMJD3). (haematologica.org)
We also present a thorough analysis of the role of succinate in the initiation of metabolic and epigenetic changes that contribute to the development of cancer, as well as its effects on angiogenesis, cell invasion, and migration. (scientificarchives.com)
Activating mutations upstream may also underlie some epigenetic or within the ERK1/2 cascade are events that change cell signalling. (who.int)

AEG-1 has been shown to localize to the cell membrane, cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, nucleolus and nucleus in cancer cells ( 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

Approximately 2053 genes were differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between MZ-2 and MZ-3. (biomedcentral.com)
it demonstrates a high number of differentially expressed genes between the MZ-2 and MZ-3 of E . necatrix . (biomedcentral.com)
These novel changes induced by WNV may serve as of 173 cellular genes were identified by ArrayTools to be biomarkers and help explain the neuropathologic features differentially expressed in the WNV-infected A172 cells. (cdc.gov)

STARD12 co-expressed genes participated in cell cycle and DNA replication, and STARD14 were enriched in ECM-receptor interaction. (medsci.org)

Sirtuins or "silent information regulators" of gene transcription, are a family of enzymes which are expressed throughout all phyla of life. (frontiersin.org)
Gene silencing by this family of enzymes has been correlated directly with longer lifespan in yeast and worms ( Yang and Sauve, 2005 ). (frontiersin.org)

Prevents CDK7 kinase activity when associated to CAK complex in response to DNA damage, thus stopping cell cycle progression. (lsbio.com)
Astrocyte elevated gene‑1 (AEG‑1) is a key regulatory factor of progression in multiple types of tumor and neurodegenerative disease development. (spandidos-publications.com)

The homeostatic regulation of cellular ATP is achieved by the coordinated activity of ATP utilization, synthesis, and buffering. (molvis.org)
The environmental light-dark cycle is the potent regulator of melatonin synthesis. (explorationpub.com)
image: Model of the cooperative regulation of putrescine synthesis by ABFs and CBFs to promote cold tolerance in melon seedlings. (eurekalert.org)
Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) assays further demonstrated that CmABF1 and CmCBF4 played positive roles in the cold tolerance of melon seedlings by promoting Put synthesis. (eurekalert.org)

For these studies we use neurons that are maintained in cell culture as well as genetically-modified strains of mice that are at increased risk for developing neurodegenerative conditions analogous to those observed in humans. (uml.edu)

Because aging has been demonstrated to be directly related to the occurrence of cardiac disorders, in the present study, the ability of naringenin to prevent cardiac cell senescence was investigated. (hindawi.com)
These results suggested that naringenin has antiaging effects on myocardial cells. (hindawi.com)

Also reduces CASP4 levels in RPE cells, suppresses ER stress-induced mitochondrial superoxide production and plays a role in up-regulation of mitochondrial glutathione (PubMed:27783653). (cansar.ai)

However, MSCs need to be expanded in vitro in order to obtain sufficient cells for clinical trials since they are extremely rare in various tissues. (hindawi.com)
Our previous studies have confirmed that FZKA shows a strong anti-cancer activity, significantly increases the clinical efficacy of gefitinib and reverses gefitinib resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). (bvsalud.org)
An eventual benefit associated with exercise training on NK cells might be of clinical relevance in the context of cancer given the important role of this lymphocyte subpopulation in antitumor immunity [ 14 , 15 ]. (springeropen.com)
Methods: The clinical relevance of oxidative stress was investigated by liver RNA sequencing in a well-characterized cohort of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (n = 63) and correlated with histological and clinical parameters. (wur.nl)
However, the clinical application of tumor-infiltrating γδ T cells has certain limitations. (explorationpub.com)
Finally, it retrospectively analyze the activation strategies and clinical relevance of existing γδ T cell adoptive immunotherapies. (explorationpub.com)
Several single gene disorders share clinical and radiologic characteristics with multiple sclerosis and have the potential to be overlooked in the differential diagnostic evaluation of both adult and paediatric patients with multiple sclerosis. (medscape.com)
Here we review single gene disorders that have the potential to mimic multiple sclerosis, provide an overview of clinical and investigational characteristics of each disorder, and present guidelines for when clinicians should suspect an underlying heritable disorder that requires diagnostic confirmation in a patient with a definite or probable diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. (medscape.com)

The differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into multiple cell lineages can be exploited as an attractive strategy for cell-based therapy and regenerative medicine [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
The ECM provides structural and biochemical support to the cells and has various other functions including cell adhesion, cell to cell communication, and differentiation [ 17 , 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
The differentiation and development of different biological stages are dependent on the regulation of gene transcription. (biomedcentral.com)
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is an invasive malignant neoplasm of epidermal keratinocytes showing squamous phenotypic differentiation (see the following image). (medscape.com)

Liver macrophage KUP5 cells and normal liver cells AML12 cells were incubated in CDs at the same concentration for 24 h to compare the different effects under the same exposure conditions. (biomedcentral.com)
These findings provide a new understanding of how CDs impact different liver cells and contribute to a more complete toxicological safety evaluation of CDs. (biomedcentral.com)
Thus, the regulatory role of these cell types in the liver is important for metabolic clearance of exogenous toxins. (biomedcentral.com)

Evidence is particularly strong for a beneficial effect on natural killer (NK) cells [ 2 ], which participate in first line innate immune defense through their cytotoxic activity (NKCA) and release of effector cytokines such as interferon (IFN)γ or tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α [ 3 ]. (springeropen.com)

The SDHA gene has 16 exons and is found on chromosome 5p15.33 [1]. (scientificarchives.com)

We investigated relationships between heavy metal exposure and the frequencies and types of gene mutations in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). (bvsalud.org)
Through Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) analysis, we found associations between the integrated concentrations of the heavy metals and the number of gene mutations, especially insertions/deletions (indels), and Pb, As, and Cd were found to be the most significant contributors to the increased mutation rates. (bvsalud.org)
Alterations of the TP53 gene occur not only as somatic mutations in human malignancies, but also as germline mutations in some cancer-prone families with Li-Fraumeni syndrome. (affbiotech.cn)
Multiple mutations affecting embryonic development have been induced by chemical and insertional mutagenesis resulting in the identification of genes with important roles in development in Drosophila [ 23 - 25 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
P53 is a tumor suppressor gene located on chromosome 7 whose mutations have been linked to cutaneous SCC (40-50% incidence). (medscape.com)
[ 12 ] An underrecognized role for UV-A was also previously described that localizes the corresponding fingerprint mutations in the basal epidermis harboring the vital stem cells, as opposed to the suprabasal UV-B-induced mutations. (medscape.com)
RAS gene mutations are found in 10%-30% of cutaneous SCC. (medscape.com)

Unlike embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells (MSCs) have a limited lifespan and stop proliferating during in vitro culture due to replicative senescence [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
Human embryonic kidney cells 293 (HEK-293) and hPREP knockout cell line created from them by using CRISPR/Cas9-silencing were used in the experiments. (helsinki.fi)
Reinsertion of Caspase-2 gene (Casp2) in mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEFs) lacking Casp2 (casp2 -/- ) suppresses autophagy, suggesting its role as a negative regulator of autophagy. (uthscsa.edu)
Maternal to zygotic transition (MZT) is the key event during embryogenesis marked by the switch of control from the maternal and possibly paternal transcripts to the newly synthesized embryonic gene products [ 9 - 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Autophagy is a pathway for cells to degrade intracellular components that are no longer needed or are detrimental for the cells. (helsinki.fi)
The intensity of Beclin 1 in the nuclei was stronger than in other parts of the cell in all samples, which could indicate a stronger activity of its nuclear tasks compared to autophagy. (helsinki.fi)
Since rate of autophagy in cells was not detected, it is impossible to determine, if there were changes in autophagy that were not reflected as changes in colocalization of these two proteins. (helsinki.fi)
Previously, our lab demonstrated CASP2-mediated modulation of autophagy during oxidative stress. (uthscsa.edu)
Knockout or knockdown of CASP2 resulted in upregulation of autophagy in a variety of cell types and tissues. (uthscsa.edu)
There are still other, non-apoptotic paths to cell death (necrosis, autophagy, mitotic catastrophe) that are gaining attention as barriers to transformation. (massgenomics.org)

The characterization of BBB cells would help light on the exact mechanism of nanoparticle delivery into the brain, which would enable the design of targeted nanoparticles to deliver drugs to the CNS. (helsinki.fi)

Plasma concentrations of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS), and next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 1123 cancer-related genes was performed using the tumor tissues. (bvsalud.org)
Transplantation of organs, tissues or cells from pigs to humans could be a potential solution to the shortage of human organs for transplantation. (cnrs.fr)

In addition, cardiac markers of aging-induced damage, including radical oxidative species levels, mitochondrial metabolic activity, mitochondrial calcium buffer capacity, and estrogenic signaling functions, were also modulated by the compound. (hindawi.com)
Eimeria species have complex life-cycles consisting of three developmental stages. (biomedcentral.com)
In a number of animal species, MZT roughly coincides with the mid-blastula transition (MBT) [ 20 ] when cells become motile and divide asynchronously. (biomedcentral.com)

Regulation of actin dynamics and analysis of genomic influences on actin function. (upstate.edu)
These findings suggest that heavy metal exposure can impact genomic stability in cancer-related genes, underscoring the importance of heavy metal exposure in cancer development. (bvsalud.org)

These results suggest genotoxic damage may induce a unique cancer-prone phenotype and processes mimicking activated B cell response to antigenic agents, as well as the normal B cell maturation processes. (biomedcentral.com)
Failure to properly repair this damage can lead to detrimental health effects, such as uncontrolled cell death and cancer formation. (biomedcentral.com)
Thus, it is important to study the damage carbon nanoparticles may cause to different target organs or cell types and to evaluate both their effectiveness and safety before using them in living organisms. (biomedcentral.com)
Normally, p53 allows cells to sense and respond to cellular stress such as DNA damage or hypoxia (2). (novusbio.com)

Physiologic dsDNA breaks are generated in a variety of normal cellular functions, including the RAG endonuclease-mediated rearrangement of antigen receptor genes during the normal development of lymphocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
The most commonly lost gene products in colorectal carcinogenesis include guanylin and uroguanylin, the endogenous ligands for guanylyl cyclase C (GCC, GUCY2C), the intestinal receptor for diarrheagenic bacterial enterotoxins. (jefferson.edu)
γδ T cells express unique T cell receptor (TCR) γ and TCR δ chains, with structural and functional heterogeneity. (explorationpub.com)
Taking advantage of the diverse γδ TCR repertoire or other ligand-receptor interactions, γδ T cells can recognize a broad spectrum of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-independent manner, thereby activating downstream pleiotropic effects. (explorationpub.com)

Among these genes, PI3Kca and IL20Rβ were significantly downregulated by S. lappa treatment in Nc/Nga mouse model. (molcells.org)
Transcript levels of the sucrose transporter NtSUT1 and hexose transporter NtMST1 encoding genes increased significantly in the source leaves and roots of Vac-Inv lines, whereas increased NtMst1 transcript levels were also detected in the roots of Apo-Inv lines. (sun.ac.za)

NAR can be encapsulated by chitosan nanoparticles-TPP conjugates, thereby improving NAR cellular absorption and cytotoxicity against cancer cells. (scientificarchives.com)

At 7wk, HF-fed animals exhibited several immune alterations (blood leukocyte/neutrophil number, lymph node B-cell proportionality)-effects which were more pronounced in SD rats. (cdc.gov)

It was also shown that inhibition of the p16 tumour suppressor gene delays growth arrest and therefore senescence of MSC [ 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
Hypothesis was to see differences in colocalization of Bcl-2 and Beclin 1 in cells treated with different PREP-modifications and for PREP-inhibition to decrease the colocalization. (helsinki.fi)
In KUP5 cells, death was caused by inhibition of autophagic flux caused by autophagosome accumulation, this process that was reversed when autophagosome accumulation was prevented by 3-MA. (biomedcentral.com)
These cells may be a key factor ultimately mediating the deviation of the antagonistic response between tumor inhibition and tumor promotion. (explorationpub.com)

Anatomy24

Organisms12

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs114

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment21

Phenomena and Processes83

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care2

Underlying oxidative stress1

Phosphorylation7

Apoptosis16

Metabolism15

Involved in oxidative stress2

Inflammation10

Tricarboxylic acid1

Pathways17

Proliferation13

Effective in reducing1

Expression44

Reactive4

Transcriptional4

Mechanisms10

Redox1

Lipids1

Target genes1

Epithelial4

Morphology1

Cellular senescence5

Induces2

Protein13

Oncogenes2

Macrophages4

Vivo2

Endothelial cells2

NRF23

Tumor related1

Homeostasis4

Oxidant2

Microarray3

Epigenetic6

Endoplasmic reticulum1

Differentially expressed3

Replication1

Enzymes2

Progression2

Synthesis4

Mice1

Naringenin2

Stress-induced1

Clinical8

Differentiation4

Liver3

Defense1

SDHA1

Mutations7

Embryonic4

Autophagy6

Mechanism1

Tissues2

Species3

Genomic2

Damage4

Receptor4

Significantly2

Cytotoxicity1

Alterations1

Inhibition4