• Endocytosis of nutrient transporters is regulated in response to changing environmental conditions to adjust plasma membrane (PM) protein composition for optimal cell growth. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • In contrast to these well established effects of Rho and Rac on plasma membrane morphology and bulk pinocytosis, there has been no evidence for their involvement in the regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis in clathrin-coated pits. (elsevierpure.com)
  • During endocytosis, extracellular molecules and plasma membrane components are selectively internalized by cells. (cshlpress.com)
  • Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) takes up nutrients, regulates responses to extracellular stimuli, and controls the chemical composition and surface area of the plasma membrane. (biorxiv.org)
  • Both budding and fission yeast have high internal turgor pressure, which strongly opposes plasma membrane invagination necessary for endocytosis. (biorxiv.org)
  • Endocytosis is the vesicle-mediated process used by all cells to internalize extracellular macromolecules, plasma membrane lipids, and plasma membrane proteins ( Figure 1 ). (wormbook.org)
  • Cells constitutively utilize several distinct mechanisms of endocytosis, including clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) for the internalization of receptor-bound macromolecules such as Transferrin Receptor (TfR), and distinct mechanism(s) that mediate the majority of fluid-phase endocytosis. (plos.org)
  • In addition, the rate of fluid-phase endocytosis was enhanced, but with delayed onset upon USMB treatment relative to the enhancement of CME, suggesting that the two processes are distinctly regulated by USMB. (plos.org)
  • Indeed, vacuolin-1 or desipramine treatment prevented the enhancement of CME but not of fluid phase endocytosis upon USMB, suggesting that lysosome exocytosis and acid sphingomyelinase, respectively, are required for the regulation of CME but not fluid phase endocytosis upon USMB treatment. (plos.org)
  • These results indicate that USMB enhances both CME and fluid phase endocytosis through distinct signaling mechanisms, and suggest that strategies for potentiating the enhancement of endocytosis upon USMB treatment may improve targeted drug delivery. (plos.org)
  • Genetic and biochemical analysis of a conditional allele of cofilin showed that the actin filament disassembly activity of cofilin is essential for fluid-phase endocytosis ( Lappalainen and Drubin, 1997 ). (rupress.org)
  • Written and edited by experts in the field, this collection from Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology covers all of the major pathways of endocytosis and postendocytic trafficking and how they regulate cellular and organismal physiology. (cshlpress.com)
  • Contributors describe how cargo enters the cell via clathrin-mediated and clathrin-independent pathways, including caveolar endocytosis, micropinocytosis, cholesterol-sensitive endocytosis, phagocytosis, and the CLIC/GEEC pathway. (cshlpress.com)
  • While certain aspects of stress-elicited adaptive programs such as the heat shock response or the oxidative stress response are very well studied, the contribution of other cellular pathways including endocytosis to cellular adaptation is still elusive. (cell-stress.com)
  • In Chapter 3 of this thesis, I establish that Hal kinases belong to a yeast kinase family that is orthologous with human AMPK/Snf1-related kinases, underscoring the importance of understanding the function and regulation of these evolutionarily conserved kinases. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • In contrast to budding yeast, WASP-mediated actin nucleation activity plays an essential role in fission yeast endocytosis. (biorxiv.org)
  • Live-cell super resolution analysis of endocytosis was also performed in fission yeast (Arasada, 2018). (biorxiv.org)
  • In yeast, a member of the WASP family of proteins promotes the assembly of actin filaments around the site where endocytosis will occur. (elifesciences.org)
  • A recent study from the Wilkens lab in collaboration with Seoul National University uncovered a novel mechanism of yeast V-ATPase regulation based on biochemical experiments and cryo electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of holo V-ATPase and Oxr1 bound V 1 subcomplex. (upstate.edu)
  • Mammalian epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15 (EPS15), which is involved in cell growth regulation. (embl.de)
  • Your second year builds on this knowledge and covers areas such as gene regulation, cell biology and metabolism. (kent.ac.uk)
  • Slack, B.E. and Wurtman, R.J. (2007) Regulation of Synthesis and Metabolism of the Amyloid Precursor Protein by Extracellular Signals. (bu.edu)
  • Protein networks involved in cargo capture and sorting, membrane sculpting and deformation, and vesicle scission have been well-characterized, but less is known about the networks that sense extracellular cues and relay signals to trigger endocytosis of specific transporters. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • The later phosphorylation on threonine residue(s) corresponded to the later phase of sustained inhibition mediated by an enhanced endocytosis of SERT. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Slack, B.E. and Blusztajn, J.K. (2008) Differential regulation of mTOR-dependent S6 phosphorylation by muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes. (bu.edu)
  • Zerradi, M. , Houle, F. and Huot, J. (2015) Regulation of Breast Cancer Progression by Phosphorylation of the Tumor Suppressor Tropomyosin-1 Alpha. (scirp.org)
  • Simoneau, B., Houle, F. and Huot, J. (2012) Regulation of Endothelial Permeability and Transendothelial Migration of Cancer Cells by Tropomyosin-1 Phosphorylation. (scirp.org)
  • In Chapter 4, I demonstrate that loss of Hal4 and Hal5 leads to increased internalization of various nutrient transporters, including Art1-mediated endocytosis of the methionine transporter Mup1 and Art1-independent endocytosis of the uracil transporter Fur4. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • We also show that 5-HT2AR interacts with SAP97 using bioluminescence energy transfer and that overexpression of SAP97 retards 5-HT2AR endocytosis , while single hairpin RNA knockdown facilitates 5-HT2AR internalization. (bvsalud.org)
  • Taken together, my research indicates that Hal5 contributes to cellular homeostasis by functioning as a nutrient-responsive endocytic gatekeeper, antagonizing endocytosis and promoting stability of transporters at the PM in nutrient-limiting conditions. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • Thus, suppressing PA production by inhibiting either PLD or DGK activity compromised membrane trafficking except early endocytosis, disrupted tip-localized deposition of cell wall material, especially pectins, and inhibited pollen tube growth. (frontiersin.org)
  • For example, actin filaments are needed to pull part of the membrane surrounding the cell inwards to bring molecules from the external environment into the cell by a process called endocytosis. (elifesciences.org)
  • A member of GTP-binding protein of the large ras superfamily involved in regulation of membrane trafficking by modulating ENDOCYTOSIS and ACTIN CYTOSKELETON remodeling. (bvsalud.org)
  • Near the end of cuticle secretion, its levels drop precipitously by a mechanism that depends on Mgl and Rab5-dependent endocytosis. (biologists.com)
  • Regulation of organ size is essential in animal development, and Hippo (Hpo) signaling is a major conserved mechanism for controlling organ growth. (sdbonline.org)
  • This study provides insights into the mechanism of Tao-1 regulation and a potential growth control function for SCHIP1 in mammals. (sdbonline.org)
  • An important negative control mechanism in the signaling of epidermal growth factor (EGF) is the endocytosis and subsequent degradation of activated EGF receptors. (embl.de)
  • Mechanism of clathrin-dependent endocytosis. (wormbook.org)
  • Pores formed upon USMB treatment are rapidly resealed, suggesting that other processes such as enhanced endocytosis may contribute to the enhanced material uptake by cells upon USMB treatment. (plos.org)
  • The organization and dynamics of actin filament must be precisely controlled during these processes, and consequently defects in regulation of the actin cytoskeleton lead to various diseases including cancer progression, as well as neurological and immunological disorders. (helsinki.fi)
  • S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. (cancerindex.org)
  • Functional states of the sodium channel (closed, open, and inactivated) and their structure help to understand the cardiac regulation processes. (bvsalud.org)
  • We review these advances and focus on the translation of the subcellular (dynamics to the regulation of whole-plant development. (boku.ac.at)
  • We use a wide range of biophysical, biochemical, cell biological, and genetic approaches to uncover the general principles underlying regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, and to reveal how defects in actin dynamics affect the physiological functions of cells. (helsinki.fi)
  • In this study, we analyzed the dynamics of fluorescently tagged cofilin and the role of cofilin-mediated actin turnover during endocytosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae . (rupress.org)
  • However, the role of actin filament disassembly (a key step in actin dynamics) during actin-mediated endocytosis is less clear. (rupress.org)
  • Endocytosis and Autophagy: Exploitation or Cooperation? (cshlpress.com)
  • Complexes of Vps34, the sole class III PI3K member, produce PI 3-phosphate (PI(3)P) in the endolysosomal system and during autophagy to regulate vesicle-mediated sorting en route to lysosomes 1 . (nature.com)
  • Taken together, our studies show that SAP97 plays a conserved role in regulating 5-HT2AR endocytosis and ERK1/2 signaling, but plays a novel role in regulating 5-HT2AR G protein coupling. (bvsalud.org)
  • The present study characterizes an inhibitor of endomembrane protein trafficking, TE1 (trafficking and endocytosis inhibitor 1/TENin1) that reduces gravitropic root bending in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. (portlandpress.com)
  • Unlike reversible disassembly, which requires ATP hydrolysis on V 1 to break protein-protein interactions, Oxr1p mediated disassembly of V-ATPase is ATP independent and therefore a novel mode of activity regulation. (upstate.edu)
  • Then, Dr Plouffe completed a PhD in Neuroscience at University of Ottawa (ON, Canada) (2006-2011), where she identified the molecular mechanisms involved in the opposite regulation of dopamine D1 and D5 receptors by protein kinase C. Her work shed light on the mechanisms underlying the positive action of prefrontal cortex on motor activity and of the thalamic parafascicular nucleus on awareness. (qub.ac.uk)
  • Interestingly, it has been shown that platelets contain a broad spectrum of RNA molecules, including, in addition to mRNAs and miRNAs, also pre-mRNAs and a role of mRNA splicing in regulation of platelet protein synthesis has been proposed 18 , 19 . (nature.com)
  • In recent work, we have examined aspects of the regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and integrin-dependent signaling by muscarinic receptor subtypes. (bu.edu)
  • The galectin lattice (i) regulates flow of receptors and solute transporters to coated-pit endocytosis and/or caveolin domains, and (ii) promotes turnover of cell-cell contacts such as immune synapses and focal adhesion complexes. (gr.jp)
  • Metabolic regulation of UDP-GlcNAc supply to Golgi N-glycan remodeling regulates glycoprotein affinities for galectins -and in turn, trafficking and presentation at the cell surface. (gr.jp)
  • Fekri F, Delos Santos RC, Karshafian R, Antonescu CN (2016) Ultrasound Microbubble Treatment Enhances Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis and Fluid-Phase Uptake through Distinct Mechanisms. (plos.org)
  • In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms that contribute to a previously unidentified biphasic regulation of endogenous SERTs expressed in the platelets. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Here we show that activated Rho and Rac inhibit transferrin-receptor-mediated endocytosis when expressed in intact cells. (elsevierpure.com)
  • This is because SCNPs enter cells through endocytosis, bypassing cell regulations on ion transport. (cdc.gov)
  • Furthermore, it mediates the formation of macromolecules in cells which are used in cell structure, energy stores, and regulation of many cell functions. (weeksmd.com)
  • He completed my graduate training in Dr. Michael Demetriou's lab studying the regulation of N-glycan branching in T cells, and its dysregulation in multiple sclerosis. (gr.jp)
  • In transfected cells, densin accelerates the forward trafficking of Ca_v1.2 channels without affecting their endocytosis. (caltech.edu)
  • Eps15 and its related partner Eps15R play a key role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis of transmembrane receptors. (embl.de)
  • Trafficking of yolk and yolk receptors also depends critically upon the activities of the endocytic Rab proteins RAB-5 , RAB-7 , and RAB-11 , known modulators of endocytosis in all eukaryotes ( Grant and Hirsh, 1999 ). (wormbook.org)
  • In Chapter 5, I find that acute inhibition of Hal5 in the absence of Hal4 triggers rapid endocytosis of these cargo, suggesting that Hal kinases function in the amino acid sensing relay upstream of the endocytic response. (vanderbilt.edu)
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase type 2α (PI3KC2α) is an essential member of the structurally unresolved class II PI3K family with crucial functions in lipid signaling, endocytosis, angiogenesis, viral replication, platelet formation and a role in mitosis. (nature.com)
  • The lattice model has been validated in immune regulation, cancer progression and glucose homeostasis in mice. (gr.jp)
  • We report that densin is an essential regulator of Ca_v1.2 in neurons, but has distinct modulatory effects compared to its regulation of Ca_v1.3. (caltech.edu)
  • We are currently investigating the regulation by dynamin-dependent endocytosis of ADAM10 trafficking, maturation, and activity as an APP sheddase. (bu.edu)
  • In this review we summarize recent data regarding stress-induced changes in endocytosis and discuss how these changes might contribute to the cellular adaptation to stress in different systems. (cell-stress.com)
  • The experiments show that WASP, myosin and WIP are recruited to sites where endocytosis is about to occur through specific interactions with other proteins. (elifesciences.org)
  • Conserved proteins drive clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME), which universally involves a burst of actin assembly. (biorxiv.org)