Regulation gene expression roles micro rna that regulates. Medical search. Frequent questions

In recent years, emerging studies have highlighted the critical role of these pathways and their regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancer invasion and metastasis. (intechopen.com)
MiRNAs, short (18-24 nucleotides) non-coding RNAs, are derived from long transcripts pri-miRNAs and pre-miRNAs [ 26 - 30 ].By targeting 3' untranslated regions (3'UTRs) of cognate mRNAs, miRNAs post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression and induce translational repression [ 29 , 30 ]. (intechopen.com)
To date, 1527 human miRNAs have been identified (Sanger miRBase 18 http://www.miRbase.org/index.shtml), forming less than 1% of all human genes, potentially regulating more than 10% of all protein coding genes [ 1 ]. (intechopen.com)
This study aimed to identify the role of AA in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) behaviours and to explore the effects of microRNAs (miRNAs). (hindawi.com)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding sequences involved in the negative regulation of gene expression. (hindawi.com)
Several studies have shown that miRNAs play multiple roles in the phenotypic transformation, migration, and proliferation of VSMCs by inhibiting ERK1/2 activation [ 11 , 12 ], partly by regulating the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs)-MMPs and p21-cyclins interactions [ 13 - 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that function as guide molecules in RNA silencing. (gene-quantification.com)
Increasing evidence suggests a new mechanism by which miRNAs may regulate target gene expression by binding in promoter and amino acid coding regions. (gene-quantification.com)
To address this issue, we present miRWalk, a comprehensive database on miRNAs, which hosts predicted as well as validated miRNA binding sites, information on all known genes of human, mouse and rat. (gene-quantification.com)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) serve a role in gene expression, primarily by interacting with messenger RNAs, and may be potential biomarkers for detecting cancer. (spandidos-publications.com)
The present review focuses on circulating miRNAs in patients with TNBC, with an emphasis on their interaction with the immune response checkpoint genes PD‑1, PD‑L1 and CTLA4. (spandidos-publications.com)
Further analysis of the expression of these circulating miRNAs and their association with prognosis in patients with TNBC treated with immunotherapy should be assessed to evaluate their possible use as non‑invasive predictive biomarkers. (spandidos-publications.com)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate many physiological processes including body growth. (nature.com)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous noncoding RNAs that act as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression by binding to the 3′-untranslated region (UTR) of target mRNAs. (nature.com)
Small non-coding RNAs known as microRNAs (miRNAs) are important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression and play an essential role in the nervous system development and function. (biologists.com)
To better understand the neuronal specificity of IKAP loss, we examined expression of miRNAs in human olfactory ecto-mesenchymal stem cells (hOE-MSCs) from five control individuals and five FD patients. (biologists.com)
We profiled the expression of 373 miRNAs using microfluidics and reverse transcription coupled to quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) on two biological replicate series of hOE-MSC cultures from healthy controls and FD patients. (biologists.com)
Emerging evidence indicates that Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in tumor progression, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). (biomedcentral.com)
A series of studies indicate that lncRNAs serve as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) by sponging miRNAs, and modulate the targets of miRNAs [ 15 , 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Among the miRNAs up-regulated in H1299-MTp53 cells and these cell lines expressing p53shRNAs, was the oncogenic miRNA miR-155, a recently discovered target of MTp53. (thegomap.org)
A new study shows that increased levels of reactive oxygen species in cancer induce widespread, sequence-specific modifications of guanines in the seed regions of microRNAs, altering the targets of those miRNAs and influencing tumorigenesis. (nature.com)
Subsequently, we found that four miRNAs, namely hsa-miR-543, hsa-miR-495-3p, hsa-miR-485-3p, and hsa-miR-337-3p, could be regarded as potential CENPU expression regulators. (aging-us.com)
It has been demonstrated that non-coding RNAs, more specifically, microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), play essential roles in tumor progression [ 9 , 10 ]. (aging-us.com)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of small single-stranded non-coding RNA molecules ranging from 18 to 24 nucleotides. (pasteur.fr)
Accumulating evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of this network, with the capacity to target multiple messenger RNAs involved in the EndMT process as well as in the regulation of disease progression. (bmbreports.org)
This review highlights the current fund of knowledge regarding the known links between miRNAs and the EndMT process, with a focus on the mechanism that regulates associated signaling pathways and discusses the potential for the EndMT as a therapeutic target to treat many diseases. (bmbreports.org)
Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play critical roles in regulating post transcriptional gene expression. (k-state.edu)
H3K9me2 peaks depleted in suvh5 compared to Col-0 overlapping with protein-coding genes, miRNAs and TEs. (tennessee.edu)
miRNAs, a class of small non-coding RNAs that silence gene expression, are critically involved in embryonic cardiogenesis. (grantome.com)
We found that maternal diabetes up-regulated two miRNAs: miR-140 and miR-195, which always work together in the pathology of adult cardiac diseases. (grantome.com)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and other classes of short non-coding RNAs regulate essential processes in the development and function of the nervous system. (harvard.edu)
Regulation of miRNAs by neural activity has also been reported. (harvard.edu)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short (21-24 nucleotides) sequences of RNA that reduce gene expression by promoting the breakdown of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and by repressing translation of mRNAs into proteins. (freethoughtblogs.com)
We show that, similar to metazoan steady-state systems, endogenous miRNAs in Chlamydomonas can regulate gene expression both by destabilization of the mRNA and by translational repression. (freethoughtblogs.com)
1) The alternation of protein levels of critical oncogenes or tumour suppressor genes, which causes by miRNAs deregulation may also lead to proliferative diseases such as cancer. (ukessays.com)
Approximately 30-60 % of the human genome, regulated by miRNAs. (ukessays.com)
As a consequence, any modulations of the target transcript expression, miRNAs can affect various signalling pathways and cellular process such as apoptosis, proliferation or differentiation. (ukessays.com)
Besides cancer, some miRNAs genes cause or contribute in many inherited and genetic based diseases. (ukessays.com)
As miRNAs proposed to control the expression up to one third of all genes and possibly utilised as diagnostic and prognostic marker for many genetic based diseases. (ukessays.com)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small (20-24 nucleotides (nt) long) non-coding RNAs. (biomedcentral.com)
The mature miRNAs are loaded onto ARGONAUTE (AGO) proteins, forming a miRNA-induced gene silencing complex (miRISC). (biomedcentral.com)
Then, the miRISC binds to target sites with sequences complementary to the miRNAs, leading to either cleavage or translational inhibition of the target mRNAs, or methylation of the target sequences, resulting in post-transcriptional and transcriptional gene silencing, respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
miRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs transcribed from miRNA genes ( MIRs ). (biomedcentral.com)
To date, more than 500 MIR genes have been identified in the rice genome, generating more than 700 mature miRNAs (Tang and Chu 2017 ). (biomedcentral.com)
MIR genes are transcribed into primary miRNAs (pri-miRNAs) that are spliced to form stem-loop precursor miRNAs (pre-miRNAs). (biomedcentral.com)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that have been termed "master regulators of the genome" given their significance in post-transcriptional gene regulation, and roles in a multitude of normal and disease processes. (amegroups.org)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs, typically 21-23 nucleotides long, that function in post-transcriptional gene regulation typically through translation inhibition and/or mRNA degradation ( 1 ). (amegroups.org)
Since their discovery in Caenorhabditis elegans , miRNAs have been extensively investigated as master regulators of gene expression in a variety of animal, plant, and human models. (amegroups.org)
MiRNA expression is frequently altered during cancer development, associated with dysregulated expression of a plethora of different miRNAs, their biogenesis or processing proteins, such as DROSHA and DICER1 ( 1 ). (amegroups.org)
that asthma is intensively regulated by a variety of microRNAs (miRNAs). (cdc.gov)
Understanding the roles of Asthma is a worldwide problem, the prevalence of miRNAs in asthma pathogenesis may also aid to asthma ranged from 1% to 18% of the population in explore new therapeutic targets. (cdc.gov)
MiRNAs are approximately 19- to 25-nucleotide estimated about 250,000 and mortality does not appear single-stranded, noncoding RNAs that exist in both to correlate well with prevalence. (cdc.gov)
As binding of miRNAs to a target mRNA may result in an airway inflammatory disease closely correlates with either mRNA degradation or inhibition of protein immune regulation, more and more evidences suggest translation.1 More than 2000 miRNAs have been discovered in humans. (cdc.gov)
Th)1 cells.5 Meanwhile, the function and immunity of with genetic predisposition, involving multiple cells, DCs are closely regulated by miRNAs. (cdc.gov)
DC demonstrated that miRNAs participate in airway maturation, while downregulation of let-7i significantly inflammatory regulation in asthma. (cdc.gov)

Research reported in The Plant Cell shows that microRNAs control the accumulation of transcription factor proteins that regulate the expression of genes in the auxin response pathway. (sciencedaily.com)
Messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules are encoded by genes and are themselves templates for the proteins that carry the main metabolic functions in a cell. (sciencedaily.com)
There are many AGO1-like proteins in animals and other eukaryotes as well, indicating that the RNA-induced silencing complex is of ancient evolutionary origin, and that microRNA-mediated regulation of gene expression is shared among many eukaryotes. (sciencedaily.com)
Thus LFY may need to interact with additional proteins to function in transcriptional regulation. (oboolo.com)
Maintenance of class B gene expression The maintenance of AP3 and PI expression in flowers requires the activity of both AP3 and PI indicating that these two proteins function in a positive autoregulatory loop. (oboolo.com)
MicroRNAs display exquisite stability in serum or plasma because they are packaged in membrane-encapsulated vesicles or protected by RNA-binding proteins. (gene-quantification.com)
Heterogeneous population of RNA granules serve as motile units to translocate, store, translate, and degrade mRNAs in the dendrites contain cis -elements and trans -acting factors such as RNA-binding proteins and microRNAs to convey stimulus-, transcript-specific local translation. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we attempted to verify the endocrine role of EV production and their contents, such as RNAs and bioactive proteins, from the regulation of biogenesis, secretion, and action mechanisms while discussing the current technical limitations. (molcells.org)
I) lncRNA, Malat1 , recruits SR proteins to the transcription sites of synaptogenesis-related genes, which promote synapse formation. (imrpress.com)
200 nucleotides in length, and although they do not encode proteins, they can regulate gene expression. (biomedcentral.com)
RNA-binding proteins in leukemia and cancer. (ucla.edu)
A relatively new addition to the repertoire of gene expression regulatory molecules are the so-called RNA binding proteins, defined as proteins whose function is to bind ribonucleic acids (RNA). (ucla.edu)
These proteins participate in gene expression by binding to and regulating messenger RNA (mRNAs), which in turn are translated into proteins. (ucla.edu)
2012) that up to 75% of the human genome is transcribed into processed RNA transcripts even though less than 2% of the genome encodes proteins. (enlightenbio.com)
In other instances, lncRNAs can act as molecular decoys or guides for proteins that bind to DNA or other RNAs. (enlightenbio.com)
These RNA molecules are transcribed from the genome but do not encode proteins, and they have diverse roles in plant growth, development, stress responses, and other biological processes. (mdpi.com)
To reduce the risk of analyzing cell line- pathway can be divided into distinct stages based on the specific features, we used several representative cell lines for recombination status of the Ig genes and on the expression each of four major stages in B cell development: pro-B, pre-B, pattern of surface markers and the presence of intracellular proteins [1- 6]. (lu.se)

Pseudogene, a subclass of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), are considered as genomic loci that resemble real gene, but lost some functionality because they are lack of protein-coding ability because of disabling mutation, lack of transcription, or their inability to encode RNA [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
While long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important i. (researchgate.net)
While long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important in cardiac development and disease, their role in physiol. (researchgate.net)
Long noncoding-RNAs (lncRNAs) are critical regulators of cardiac development as well as pathological hypertrophy and heart failure (HF). (researchgate.net)
Here, we used RNAseq to identify a novel class of cardiac lncRNAs that are dynamically regulated by exercise. (researchgate.net)
In this review, we focus on the impact of ncRNA post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, especially those of microRNAs and lncRNAs, in RA signalling pathways during differentiation and disease. (mdpi.com)
Recent evidence demonstrates that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate the expression of multiple genes in an epigenetic, transcriptional, or post-transcriptional manner. (imrpress.com)
In this review, we summarize the pivotal roles of lncRNAs in regulation of the gene expression involved in neural cell differentiation, synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity in the central nervous system (CNS). (imrpress.com)
We also describe the aberrant expression of multiple lncRNAs involved in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases. (imrpress.com)
The abnormal expression of lncRNAs leads to altered expression levels of target genes, which contributes to neurodegenerative diseases, such as in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, and to the formation of tumors, such as glioma. (imrpress.com)
Regulation of neuronal differentiation by lncRNAs in the CNS (A, B, C) and in the retina (D, E, F). (G) lncRNA PNKY maintains the self-renewal state of NSCs by interacting with PTBP1. (imrpress.com)
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in regulating biological processes, especially host-pathogen interactions. (biomedcentral.com)
A RNA sequencing method (RNA-seq) was used to confirm the differential expression profiles of lncRNAs in Plasmodium yeolii 17XL ( P.y 17XL)-infected BALB/c mice. (biomedcentral.com)
The data showed that in P.y 17XL-infected BALB/c mice, Plasmodium upregulated the expression of 132 lncRNAs and downregulated the expression of 159 lncRNAs. (biomedcentral.com)
GO and KEGG pathway analyses demonstrated that these four differentially expressed lncRNAs were associated with co-localized/co-expressed protein-coding genes that were totally enriched in malaria and with the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
At present, it is known that lncRNAs participate in transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
We have discovered a set of lncRNAs that are differentially regulated in leukemia and particularly in poor-prognosis B-ALL with translocations of the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene. (ucla.edu)
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are clinically relevant in at least two major ways: as biomarkers for cancer or carcinogenesis and as actual targets for cancer therapy. (enlightenbio.com)
2017), while attempting to create a highly accurate map of all lncRNAs 5'-ends, determined that there are likely over 25,000 lncRNA genes in humans and possibly many more depending upon the stringency of the algorithms used to determine them. (enlightenbio.com)
LncRNAs not only appear to be ubiquitous in eukaryotic biology but have the capacity to play many interesting roles in gene expression. (enlightenbio.com)
As Hu and team demonstrated (2018), lncRNA can use a host of both cis- and trans-regulation mechanisms to modulate gene expression: LncRNAs can regulate gene expression by acting as assembly points for transcription factors. (enlightenbio.com)
In several cases, including the MALAT1 gene, lncRNAs appear to play roles in subnuclear architecture to either activate or repress target genes by association with particular domains within the nucleus (Koopp and Mendeell, 2018). (enlightenbio.com)
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as important regulators of gene expression in plants. (mdpi.com)
The study of lncRNAs in plants is a relatively new area of research, but it has already revealed several important insights into their roles in gene regulation. (mdpi.com)

miRNA microarray profiling was performed using Lianchuan biological small RNA sequencing analysis. (hindawi.com)
ADAR1 also regulates let-7 miRNA processing. (muni.cz)
Drosophila ADAR, an orthologue of vertebrate ADAR2, also regulates let-7 miRNA levels and Adar mutant flies have a circadian mutant phenotype. (muni.cz)
All mRNAs, mitochondrial genes and 10 kb upstream flanking regions of all known genes of human, mouse and rat were analyzed by using a newly developed algorithm named 'miRWalk' as well as with eight already established programs for putative miRNA binding sites. (gene-quantification.com)
Such a resource enables researchers to validate new targets of miRNA not only on 3'-UTR, but also on the other regions of all known genes. (gene-quantification.com)
Previous findings indicate that circRNAs mainly function as microRNA (miRNA) sponges to regulate the transcription and posttranscription of miRNA-targeted genes. (hindawi.com)
We also found that the tumor suppressor miRNA, let-7, was significantly down-regulated by mutant p53 in all the cell lines that tested. (thegomap.org)
Aim 3 will To determine whether restoring the miRNA target genes mitofusin 1 and 2 expression mitigates the alteration of mitochondrial dynamics and thus alleviates heart defects in diabetic pregnancy. (grantome.com)
Here, we provide a comprehensive global analysis of the evolutionarily distant unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to quantify the effects of miRNA on protein synthesis and RNA abundance. (freethoughtblogs.com)
One mature miRNA can be transcribed from one or more gene loci known as miRNA genes ( MIR s). (biomedcentral.com)

The mRNA levels in a cell are fine tuned by different mechanisms, one of which is driven by microRNA molecules. (sciencedaily.com)
Within the complex, microRNAs are thought to bind to mRNA molecules containing a complementary stretch of RNA sequence. (sciencedaily.com)
The complex then cleaves the mRNA into smaller pieces, thereby preventing translation of the protein it encodes, and thus inhibiting or "silencing" gene expression. (sciencedaily.com)
Dr. Bonnie Bartel at Rice University in Houston, TX together with Drs. David Bartel and Allison Mallory at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research in Cambridge, MA report experiments using transgenic Arabidopsis plants that produce a version of ARF17 mRNA that resists microRNA-mediated cleavage. (sciencedaily.com)
The plants showed increased accumulation of ARF17 mRNA and altered levels of mRNAs corresponding to several genes that may be regulated by ARF17. (sciencedaily.com)
Dr. Bellini and her colleagues found that the mutant plants over-accumulate ARF17 mRNA within the hypocotyl, pointing to ARF17 as a major regulator of adventitious rooting and microRNA-mediated regulation as a major regulator of ARF17. (sciencedaily.com)
A possible model for AP2 regulation by miRNA172 can be envisioned in which expression of miRNA172 in the inner two floral whorls causes' translational inhibition of AP2 mRNA in these whorls. (oboolo.com)
MicroRNAs are small, non-coding RNA molecules that can complementarily bind to the mRNA 3'-UTR region to regulate the gene expression by transcriptional repression or induction of mRNA degradation. (gene-quantification.com)
We found that TRIM13 mRNA and protein expression was reduced in NSCLC tissues and cell lines in comparison to paired non-cancerous tissues and a human normal bronchial epithelial cell line, respectively. (cancerindex.org)
CircRNAs are newly discovered noncoding RNAs formed through the alternative splicing of premessenger RNA (mRNA). (hindawi.com)
Each microRNA can regulate the expression of hundreds of genes by blocking mRNA translation and/or inducing mRNA decay. (thegomap.org)
They are involved in various cellular phenomena, such as the recruitment of transcription factors, epigenetic chaperoning, control of alternative splicing, mRNA stability and translational activity, as well as acting as decoys against microRNAs. (imrpress.com)
MicroRNAs constitute a pervasive post-transcriptional filter on protein or mRNA expression levels that are likely to control developmental timing, cellular differentiation, stress responses, metabolism and proliferation. (mdpi.com)
Through domain-mapping experiments and high throughput characterization of IGF2BP3 binding sites in mRNA, we determined that RNA-binding is necessary for the function of this protein. (ucla.edu)
Their function is based on their sequence homology-based binding to and regulation of mRNA targets, thereby modulating gene expression. (ucla.edu)

mRNAs corresponding to several regulatory genes that mediate auxin responses contain short stretches of sequence that are complementary to microRNAs, and therefore have been considered potential targets of microRNA-mediated regulation. (sciencedaily.com)
The existence of mRNAs retaining both nuclear cap binding protein and EJC in the distal sites of neuronal processes suggests that some localized mRNAs have not yet undergone the "very first translation," which contribute to the spatio-temporal regulation of gene expression. (frontiersin.org)
Since the mechanism of transcription of microRNA genes is similar to mRNAs, we hypothesize that in cancer cells, MTp53 alters the abundance of a subset of cellular microRNAs by regulating the activity of the above-mentioned transcription factors. (thegomap.org)
Hence, we have discovered a major, cancer-specific gene regulatory mechanism, which involves the direct binding of IGF2BP3 to specific mRNAs. (ucla.edu)
Although more and animals and plants and regulate gene/protein expression more progressions have been made about the through direct complementarity between their 5' region pathogenesis of asthma in recent years, the increasing and the 3' untranslated region of target mRNAs. (cdc.gov)

MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)
We review related studies on mouse Adarl mutant phenotypes, their rescues by preventing signaling from the antiviral RIG-I-like Sensors (RLRs), as well as Marl mechanisms in innate immune suppression and other roles of Adarl, including editing-independent effects. (muni.cz)
LFY can directly regulate the transcription of at least one representative of each of the class A, B and C genes but uses distinct mechanisms to activate expression of each of these genes in a region-specific manner. (oboolo.com)
4) Also, we will trying to integrate the results and information of hypoxia-induced gene expression profiles, epigenetic regulation, and the embryo development signaling to identify the mechanisms of the influences of hypoxia in embryo development by the genome-wide iterative enrichment analysis in composite regulatory signature database (CRSD). (tmu.edu.tw)
Epigenetic mechanisms, including histone and DNA methylation and microRNAs, play key roles in mediating transcriptional changes during plant development and stress responses. (tennessee.edu)
These results suggest methylation-dependent mechanisms similarly and differentially regulate plant responses to infection by two distinct nematode species. (tennessee.edu)
Aim 2 will investigate the mechanisms whereby the ASK1-JNK1/2-FoxO3a pathway causes CHDs and up-regulates miR-140 and miR-195 in the developing heart. (grantome.com)
Our working hypothesis is that the oxidative stress-activated kinase signaling, the ASK1-JNK1/2 pathway, up-regulates miR-140 and miR-195 via distinct mechanisms. (grantome.com)
Therefore, it is important to describe their mechanisms of actions, expression patterns and possible target genes and cellular pathways with which they interact. (mdpi.com)
A central question in our research is how non-traditional mechanisms of gene regulation effect fundamental aspects of development and how these mechanisms go awry in cancer. (ucla.edu)
Current work involves, first, understanding the molecular mechanisms that underlie the specificity of binding and downstream effects on gene expression. (ucla.edu)
Previous Cold Spring Harbor Symposia have addressed many different aspects of RNA biology such as Mechanisms of Transcription (1998), The Ribosome (2001), Epigenetics (2004) and Regulatory RNAs (2006). (cshlpress.com)
Although they are structurally similar, plant and animal microRNAs repress gene expression through very different mechanisms. (freethoughtblogs.com)

MicroRNAs are tiny ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules (~22 nucleotides long) that recently have been found to play important roles in regulating gene expression in eukaryotic organisms, including plants and animals. (sciencedaily.com)
MicroRNAs are ~22 nucleotide long RNA molecules that provide substrate specificity to a protein complex known as the RNA-induced silencing complex. (sciencedaily.com)
many studies have shown that small RNA molecules called microRNAs circulate in the blood in cell-free mode. (gene-quantification.com)
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules that are not translated into protein products. (nature.com)
MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that are critical in physiology and pathology. (ucla.edu)

Originally identified as moderate biological modifiers, microRNAs have recently emerged as powerful regulators of diverse cellular processes with especially important roles in disease and tissue remodeling. (gene-quantification.com)
RNA modifications have emerged as key gene regulators. (nature.com)
MicroRNAs control the levels of numerous cell cycle regulators that controls cell proliferation. (ukessays.com)
1) For example, the down-regulation of miR15s and miR - 16 - 1 in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, prostate cancer and pituitary tumours, leading to the inhibition of tumour growth and induce cell cycle arrest at the G 1 - phase by target cell cycle regulators ( cyclin D1, cyclin E1, cyclin D3 and CDK6). (ukessays.com)
Some recent reports have demonstrated that both PTI and ETI can be deliberately regulated by immunity-associated regulators that could reduce or abolish the fitness cost (Deng et al. (biomedcentral.com)

Transcriptome analysis reveals that regulation of the ROS/MAPK signaling pathway is involved in SCI therapy by NCs@SCs. (bvsalud.org)
We aimed to determine the signaling pathway regulating cell metabolism and the mechanism related to the regulation of human tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in gastric cancer (GC). (cancerindex.org)
TRIM13 inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis by regulating NF-κB pathway in non-small-cell lung carcinoma cells. (cancerindex.org)
Functional annotation indicated that 17 of these genes were involved in the PLK1 signaling pathway, with most of them (16/17) being expressed at significantly higher levels in malignant tissues compared with normal controls and correlating with a poor prognosis. (aging-us.com)
Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed to elucidate the potential functions of Plasmodium -induced genes. (biomedcentral.com)
These differentially expressed immune-related genes were deemed to have a role in the process of Plasmodium infection in the host via dendritic/T regulatory cells and the TGF-β/Smad 2/3 signaling pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, the teratogenic ASK1-JNK1/2-pathway is responsible for the miR-140 and miR-195 up-regulation, and miR- 140 and miR-195 are up-regulated in CHD-affected human diabetic pregnancies. (grantome.com)

Mechanistically, PTTG3P upregulated the expression of miR-383 targets Cyclin D1 (CCND1) and poly ADP-ribose polymerase 2 (PARP2) by sponging miR-383, acting as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA). (biomedcentral.com)
To further establish the role of MTp53 in regulating microRNAs expression, we will knockdown endogenous MTp53 in lung, breast and colorectal cancer cell lines and perform deep sequencing. (thegomap.org)
Mouse ES cells express endogenous shRNAs, siRNAs, and other Microprocessor-independent, Dicer-dependent small RNAs. (ca.gov)

What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
The identification of microRNAs regulated by multiple p53 mutants in a panel of cell lines will be indicative of key pathways relevant to mutant p53-mediated tumorigenesis. (thegomap.org)
Here, I generated 15 transgenic Arabidopsis GUS reporter lines for genes involved in DNA methylation and demethylation pathways. (tennessee.edu)

Many studies have reported their regulatory roles in immunity through cytokines and cell signaling. (cancerindex.org)
High-throughput RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis have led to the identification of several novel circRNAs that exhibit biological characteristics and regulatory functions [ 6 , 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
Among the most pressing questions regarding this unusual class of regulatory microRNA-encoding genes is how their expression is regulated. (thegomap.org)
Their mutagenic potential and gene regulatory effect have shaped the evolution of transcriptional networks involved in development, pluripotency, and inflammation. (lu.se)

I am molecular and cellular biologist with expertise in virus and microRNAs. (researchgate.net)
The TP53 gene encodes a transcription factor that plays a pivotal role in many cellular responses through direct regulation of hundreds of target genes. (thegomap.org)
Our results also suggest that regulation of let-7 by mutant p53 plays an important role in driving cellular proliferation and increasing cell migration and invasion. (thegomap.org)
The gene expression programs that establish and maintain cellular and organism homeostasis require precise, potent, and multifaceted forms of regulation. (k-state.edu)
Gene expression is a finely tuned, intricate process that normally regulates cellular identity, and becomes disrupted in cancer. (ucla.edu)

They negatively regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and play key roles in many biological processes, including skeletal development and cartilage maturation. (pasteur.fr)

Currently, much genomic data and a novel body of knowledge, including the identification of microRNAs, are being increasingly accumulated for the development of laboratory testing cassettes for cerebral malaria prevention. (biomedcentral.com)

Here the authors identify chromatin-bound RNAs and their binding sites in human embryonic stem cells suggesting that most chromatin-associated RNAs act proximal to their encoding loci and single RNAs are unlikely to alter gene expression. (nature.com)

In normal cells, wild-type p53 has been shown to enhance the biogenesis of some microRNAs during DNA damage. (thegomap.org)
Germ granules are membraneless organelles that act as organizing centers for small RNA biogenesis during germline development. (nature.com)
DGCR8 is essential for microRNA biogenesis and silencing of embryonic stem cell self-renewal. (ca.gov)

RNA polymerase II transcribes microRNA genes, generating long primary transcripts. (thegomap.org)

2019 ). Some of these R genes have been widely exploited in rice production and have made major contributions to the control of rice blast. (biomedcentral.com)

One of these targets is the transcription factor AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR17 (ARF17), which is thought to repress the expression of a number of other genes involved in auxin responses. (sciencedaily.com)
COOLAIR acts as a scaffold for the recruitment of chromatin-modifying enzymes that repress FLC expression, thereby delaying flowering until the appropriate environmental cues are present. (mdpi.com)

Circulating extracellular RNAs (ex-RNAs) are an emerging class of biomarkers with target-organ epigenetic effects. (researchgate.net)
Hypoxia as the major stressor in embryo, placental, and fetal development, has been suggested to affect epigenetic regulation. (tmu.edu.tw)
Epigenetic regulation is very important in early embryo development for it can affect genomic imprinting, gene reprogramming and gene expression. (tmu.edu.tw)
HO-1 and HIF-1), these factors have been found to play an important role in epigenetic regulation and as survival factors during embryo development and implantation process. (tmu.edu.tw)
However, how these interconnected epigenetic components regulate gene expression in a spatiotemporal fashion remains partially known. (tennessee.edu)
More so, our results show that the epigenetic regulation of TE transcription is dynamically regulated throughout life (Paper II), upon the beginning of neuroinflammation (Paper III), and in a disease-driving polymorphic TE insertion (Paper IV). (lu.se)

So far, 2578 human mature microRNAs are known (miRBase release 20). (gene-quantification.com)
Subsequently, the pri-microRNAs are processed to mature microRNAs in a two step process involving RNase-III enzymes (Drosha and Dicer). (thegomap.org)

miR-128-5p targets the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), silent information regulator 2 (SIRT2), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), and p21 genes, which are linked to the behaviours of VSMCs. (hindawi.com)
Furthermore, microRNAs are also shown to be targets for asthma therapy in the future. (cdc.gov)

Many microRNAs play important roles in cancer development and progression. (wikipedia.org)
Exosomes secreted by the umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (UMSCs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) derived from exosomes have been shown to be associated with the progression of GDM-related complications. (hindawi.com)
The 84th Cold Spring Harbor Symposium focused on RNA Control & Regulation and provided a current synthesis of the enormous progress in our understanding of RNA's influence on cells and organisms and how, when aberrant, its effects may contribute to the progression of disease. (cshlpress.com)

qPCR and Western blot were used to analyze LncRNA PTTG3P, miR-383 and other target genes' expression. (biomedcentral.com)
Luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down assay were carried out to detect the interaction between miR-383 and LncRNA PTTG3P. (biomedcentral.com)
Combination of the results from expression, survival, correlation analysis and functional experiments analysis demonstrated the link between lncRNA GATA3-AS1/miR-495-3p/CENPU axis and prognosis of breast cancer. (aging-us.com)
lncRNA, Paupar , contributes to maintaining the self-renewal state by inhibiting Sox2/Pax6 gene expression. (imrpress.com)
lncRNA, RMST , recruits SOX2 to the promoter regions of SP8 , NEUROG2 , and DLX genes, which promotes neural commitment. (imrpress.com)
lncRNA, BDNF-AS , recruits EZH2 to the promoter region of the BDNF gene, which represses BDNF transcription. (imrpress.com)
lncRNA, Six3OS1 , represses the transcription of Six3 by interacting with EYA and EZH2, which regulates retinal cell specification. (imrpress.com)
The results of the present study confirmed that Plasmodium infection-induced lncRNA expression is a novel mechanism used by Plasmodium parasites to modify host immune signaling. (biomedcentral.com)
RNAs, including long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA), are known to be abundant and important structural components of the nuclear infrastructure. (harvard.edu)
The recently discovered novel class of non-coding RNA, termed long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), play important roles in gene expression regulation, development and cancer. (ucla.edu)
We have initiated an ambitious research study, using gene expression profiling to characterize the expression of lncRNA in B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). (ucla.edu)
A number of lncRNA genes have been found to be expressed at elevated levels which correlate with various cancers. (enlightenbio.com)
Equally intriguing is the data that indicate lncRNA expression seems to be more cell-type and tissue specific than protein coding genes (Yan et al . (enlightenbio.com)
This may indicate that lncRNA is a later evolutionary arrival than protein-coding genes, and thus may be particularly relevant to the development of higher eukaryotes. (enlightenbio.com)
One of the earliest discoveries was the identification of COOLAIR, an lncRNA that regulates the flowering time gene FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) in Arabidopsis thaliana. (mdpi.com)

Many types of RNAs are associated with chromatin. (nature.com)
Chromatin immunoprecipitation and sequencing (ChIP-seq) analysis and RNA-seq analysis of suvh5 and suvh6 single mutants revealed novel functions for SUVH5 and SUVH6 in affecting many genes with development- and defense-related functions under nematode-infected conditions. (tennessee.edu)
Chromatin plays a vital role in the implementation of gene expression programs. (harvard.edu)
Another example is their ability to regulate the activity of various chromatin modification complexes by acting as a scaffold at target sites in the genome. (enlightenbio.com)

How Reliable Are Gene Expression-Based and Immunohistochemical Biomarkers Assessed on a Core-Needle Biopsy? (lu.se)

MicroRNAs are an abundant class of small non-coding RNAs that play key roles in gene regulation. (thegomap.org)

Research conducted by three independent groups and reported in The Plant Cell shows that fundamental developmental processes controlled by the plant hormone auxin are regulated by microRNAs in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. (sciencedaily.com)
Auxin influences development by affecting the expression of numerous genes that control the processes of cell division and cell expansion in specific plant tissues at specific stages during the plant life cycle - e.g. for leaves, roots, and floral organs to develop in the correct patterns and correct time sequence. (sciencedaily.com)
As a result, circRNAs exert important roles in numerous physiological and pathological processes [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
Recent studies have shown that microRNAs regulate several cancer-related biological processes, including enhanced proliferation, tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. (thegomap.org)

Since the insulin and growth phenotypes are rescued by expression of sNPFR1, we propose that the conserved miR-9a/miR-9 regulates body growth by modulating insulin signalling through its conserved sNPFR1/NPY2R target in both Drosophila and mammals. (nature.com)
Identification of E2/E3 ubiquitinating enzymes and caspase activity regulating Drosophila sensory neuron dendrite pruning. (ca.gov)

The malaria parasite exerted a potent selective signature on the human genome, which is apparent in the genetic polymorphism landscape of genes related to pathogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
The spatiotemporal expression patterns of these genes were profiled in various plant organs during development, exogenous phytohormone response, and plant-parasitic nematode pathogenesis. (tennessee.edu)
Furthermore, hypermethylated mutants defective in active DNA demethylation exhibited opposite responses to infection , which can be partially explained by the opposite regulation of pathogenesis-related genes by H. schachtii and M. incognita . (tennessee.edu)
MicroRNAs participate in the regulation of asthma, the goal of this study is to summarize recent researches on the roles of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of asthma. (cdc.gov)

Translational repression of AP2 The only floral organ-identity gene that does not encode a MADS-domain protein is the class A gene AP2. (oboolo.com)

MicroRNAs also survive in unfavorable physiological conditions, such as repeated freeze-thawing, and long-term storage at room temperature. (gene-quantification.com)
However, their roles in exercise-induced physiological hypertrophy are unclear. (researchgate.net)

The analyses revealed unique and overlapping expression patterns in roots, shoots, and reproductive organs, emphasizing the importance of a DNA methylation-demethylation equilibrium. (tennessee.edu)
Summary description of changes in promoter activity of DNA methylation and demethylation-related genes in two-week-old roots in response to phytohormone treatments. (tennessee.edu)

However, the role of microRNA in mammalian tissue development and differentiation is still quite uncharacterized. (mdpi.com)
MicroRNAs not only participate in determining DCs phenotype and then naive T lymphocyte differentiation, but also participate in the regulation of airway inflammation and airway remodeling in asthma. (cdc.gov)
Therefore, the entire oligodendroglial differentiation, diffuse astrocytomas, oligoastrocytomas, coding sequence of the LATS1 gene in IDH1 Mutation, and 1P/19q loSS and oligodendrogliomas. (who.int)
Subsequent differentiation allows for rear- analysis of a set of mouse B lineage cell lines rep- rangements of the Ig light-chain (IgL) genes that replace the resenting defined stages of B cell development us- surrogate light-chain genes on the surface of the B cell [8]. (lu.se)
the gene expression profile during B lymphoid differentiation. (lu.se)

Centromere protein U ( CENPU ) gene is localized at 4q35.1 in human genome. (aging-us.com)

This Special Issue of "Genes" seeks reviews and original papers covering a wide range of topics related to microRNA biology, such as regulation of expression in various disorders (cancer, metabolism, autoimmunity to mention but a few), genetics of microRNAs and their target sites, functional analysis of microRNA function and studies of interactions between microRNAs and target genes. (mdpi.com)
Indian hedgehog regulates intestinal stem cell fate through epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during development. (ca.gov)

MicroRNA genes reside in regions of the genome as distinct transcriptional units as well as in clusters of polycistronic units. (thegomap.org)

Although the precise pathogenic mechanism of GDM has not been fully elucidated, it may occur as a result of abnormal glucose regulation and increased IR, inducing the disorders of glucose metabolism. (hindawi.com)
In this Journal Club, Edmund Loh explores the pioneering work of Kurt Nordström and colleagues, which uncovers the importance of a small RNA in plasmid replication and elucidates its mechanism of action. (nature.com)

Tumor-infiltrated macrophages were isolated from human GC tissues using magnetic beads, gene transcription was determined by real-time PCR, protein expression was monitored using western blots, metabolites were determined using HPLC, and transcriptional regulation was analyzed by the luciferase-based reporter gene system. (cancerindex.org)
Using this strategy, we found that MTp53 expressing H1299 cells had significantly increased expression of several oncogenic microRNAs and decreased abundance of select tumor suppressor microRNAs. (thegomap.org)
Our findings suggest that the increased invasiveness of MTp53 cells could be partly mediated by increased levels of oncogenic microRNAs and down-regulation of tumor suppressor microRNAs. (thegomap.org)
p21 and other tumor suppressor genes' inactivation are therefore most likely involved in the first steps of the cancer model, with later stages possibly involving protooncogene activation and inflammation. (medscape.com)

Based on the findings of this literature review and the in silico analysis performed as part of this review, it is concluded that circulating hsa‑miR‑195 and hsa‑miR‑155 in TNBC interact with checkpoint genes involved in the immune response. (spandidos-publications.com)

Successful translational research has allowed gene therapy trials to proceed. (medscape.com)

This is important, as mir-625 is responsible for the regulation of metastasis in gastric tumour cells, and therefore downregulation of mir-625 results in increased metastasis. (wikipedia.org)
The plant hormone gibberellin appears to be an important regulator of homeotic gene expression in later stages of flower development (Yu et al. (oboolo.com)
Neuropeptides also play important roles in the physiology and behaviours of animals. (nature.com)
RNA transport and regulated local translation play critically important roles in spatially restricting gene expression in neurons. (frontiersin.org)
Parasite and human genetic factors play important roles in malaria susceptibility and disease severity. (biomedcentral.com)
This project should be important for clarify the roles of hypoxia condition in embryo development and might provide information for improving the embryo culture in vitro environment for controlling the fertility and helpful for reproductive medicine. (tmu.edu.tw)
It will also be important to discuss how blood EV concentrations are regulated as if EVs are humoral endocrine machinery. (molcells.org)
The results of the present study indicate that microRNAs play important roles in regulating asthma immune responses. (cdc.gov)

A significant decrease in microRNA (miR)-30c and an increase in regulated in development and DNA damage responses 1 (REDD1) were detected in human GC TAMs, the transcription of miR-30c was negatively correlated with REDD1. (cancerindex.org)

We have also completed studies of a second long non-coding RNA, CASC15, in B-cell leukemia and B-cell development. (ucla.edu)
We found that the regulation of TE transcription during brain development is essential for the establishment of long-term transcriptional repression carried to adulthood (Paper I and IV). (lu.se)

LFY encodes a novel plant-specific DNA-binding protein that can bind in vitro to the promoters of several floral organ-identity genes. (oboolo.com)
This gene encodes an ubiquitously expressed, cytosolic form of TrxR, which functions as a homodimer containing FAD, and selenocysteine (Sec) at the active site. (cancerindex.org)

Cell cycle regulation by MicroRNAs in embryonic stem cells. (ca.gov)
Embryonic stem cell-specific microRNAs regulate the G1-S transition and promote rapid proliferation. (ca.gov)

Taken together, the inhibition of hsa_circ_0046060 expression in exosomes from GDM-derived UMSCs can alleviate GDM by reversing abnormal glucose metabolism and insulin resistance in vivo and in vitro . (hindawi.com)

The plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), commonly referred to as auxin, plays a major role in regulating plant growth and development. (sciencedaily.com)
These changes were correlated with dramatic development defects in leaves, roots, and flowers, showing that microRNA-mediated regulation of ARF17 is essential for normal plant development. (sciencedaily.com)
with these three reports, we are beginning to understand the consequences of this regulation for the development of the plant. (sciencedaily.com)
A key advance in the field of flower development has been the uncovering of a direct role for the FM-identity gene LEAFY (LFY) in activation of the floral organ-identity genes. (oboolo.com)
Expression of each of the floral organ-identity genes continues throughout most of flower development. (oboolo.com)
The rapid pace of studies on microRNA regulation and function necessitates the development of suitable techniques for measuring and modulating microRNAs in different model systems. (gene-quantification.com)
The development of more specific and sensitive assays will further illuminate the biology behind microRNAs and will advance opportunities to safely pursue them as therapeutic modalities. (gene-quantification.com)
Prophylactic utilization of inhibitors of VEGF expression in sufferers with hepatic cirrhosis might protect against the development of cancer. (dehydrogenase-signal.com)
Studies report that circular RNAs (circRNAs) derived from exosomes may play a key role in GDM development. (hindawi.com)
Here, there are at least four major and specific aims will be proceeding in three years in this project: (1) For the first year, the effects of hypoxia on embryo development and related gene expression (transcriptomics and microRNA) profiles will be examined by Affymetrix DNA Chip and Q-PCR-based megaplex pre-amp microRNA assay. (tmu.edu.tw)
We have recently published a paper on defective marginal zone B-cell development in miR-146a deficient mice, and collaborated on a manuscript that describes roles for miR-146a in regulating T-cell activation. (ucla.edu)
We have only known that microRNAs even existed since the early 1990's, and their importance in gene regulation and development wasn't appreciated until the 2000's. (freethoughtblogs.com)
Multiple roles for Med12 in vertebrate endoderm development. (ca.gov)
B lymphocyte development is a highly ordered process pro- expression analysis without the use of intermediate amplifica- ceeding from the progenitor cells in the bone marrow (BM) to tion steps. (lu.se)

In molecular biology mir-625 microRNA is a short RNA molecule. (wikipedia.org)
The field of microRNA biology is growing with exponential speed. (mdpi.com)
The fields of RNA and cancer biology have experienced numerous fascinating transformations in the last few decades. (enlightenbio.com)

Because miR-155 is expressed at reasonably high levels only in immune cells, we hypothesize that regulation of miR-155 by mutant p53 may have a functional effect only in immune cells. (thegomap.org)
Functional investigation revealed that 180 genes exhibited co-expression with CENPU . (aging-us.com)

All elements required for proper spatial and temporal regulation of AG expression are contained within this intron. (oboolo.com)

AA and the extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) blocker U0126 markedly inhibited migration, elevated smooth muscle 22 α (SM22 α ) expression, repressed VSMC proliferation, elevated miR-466f-3p and miR-425-3p expression, and suppressed miR-27a-5p and miR-128-5p expression in ox-LDL-induced VSMCs. (hindawi.com)

Anatomy7

Organisms2

Chemicals and Drugs35

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment15

Phenomena and Processes40

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care1

MiRNAs55

Proteins17

LncRNAs24

MiRNA10

MRNA15

MRNAs5

Mechanisms13

Molecules5

Regulators5

Pathway7

Endogenous3

Pathways3

Regulatory4

Cellular5

Post-transcriptional level1

Identification of microRNAs1

Loci1

Biogenesis3

Transcripts1

20191

Repress2

Epigenetic6

Mature microRNAs2

Targets2

Progression3

LncRNA15

Chromatin4

Biomarkers1

Abundant class of small1

Processes4

Drosophila2

Pathogenesis4

Encode1

Physiological2

Methylation2

Differentiation5

Human genome1

Interactions2

Genome1

Mechanism2

Tumor4

Circulating1

Translational1

Important8

Responses1

Long2

Encodes2

Embryonic2

Inhibition1

Development14

Biology3

Functional2

Intron1

Protein kinase1