• While transcription of prokaryotic protein-coding genes creates messenger RNA (mRNA) that is ready for translation into protein, transcription of eukaryotic genes leaves a primary transcript of RNA (pre-RNA), which first has to undergo a series of modifications to become a mature RNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • [20] This finding has led to general acceptance of the endosymbiotic hypothesis - that free-living prokaryotic ancestors of modern mitochondria permanently fused with eukaryotic cells in the distant past, evolving such that modern animals, plants, fungi, and other eukaryotes are able to respire to generate cellular energy . (wikipedia.org)
  • Organization of living systems, non-cellular and cellular organisms, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell. (cvut.cz)
  • O'Donnell's lab recently succeeded in determining the architecture of the eukaryotic replisome, a feat not yet accomplished in a prokaryotic system. (rockefeller.edu)
  • Concept of gene, Prokaryotes as genetic system, Prokaryotic and eukaryotic chromosomes, methods of gene isolation and identification, Split genes, overlapping genes and pseudo genes, Organization of prokaryotic and eukaryotic genes and genomes including operan, exon, intron, enhancer promoter sequences and other regulatory elements. (nipaers.com)
  • A study of the cellular, sub cellular, and molecular components associated with cell structure, cell function, and cell regulation in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. (endicott.edu)
  • In this study, we investigated the functional role of eukaryotic initiation factor 5B (EIF5B) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the underlying mechanisms. (techscience.com)
  • give basic review over the regulatory mechanisms of the cycle, and mechanisms for controlled cell death. (setur.fo)
  • Cell proliferation includes a series of events that is tightly regulated by several checkpoints and layers of control mechanisms. (frontiersin.org)
  • While they know many of the cell biological changes and biochemical control mechanisms, it turns out that there is still so much that they do not understand. (academichive.com)
  • My research is intended to contribute to the elucidation of the physiological and molecular processes involved in the biofilm formation of acidophilic leaching bacteria with emphasis in their cell-cell communication mechanisms. (fairdomhub.org)
  • The mechanisms used by certain viruses to dysregulate the host cell through manipulation of epigenetic processes and the role of cellular cofactors such as BRD4 that are known to be involved in epigenetic regulation of host cell pathways will also be covered. (mdpi.com)
  • Molecular mechanisms for regulation of gene expression at different levels: remodeling of chromatin, initiation of transcription, nuclear transport and signalling, and RNA interference. (lu.se)
  • Mechanisms that regulate development from single cell to multicellular organisms. (lu.se)
  • Some cells in some multicellular organisms lack mitochondria (for example, mature mammalian red blood cells ). (wikipedia.org)
  • Modern biology is rooted in an understanding of the molecules within cells and of the interactions between cells that allow construction of multicellular organisms. (freepdfbook.com)
  • In this millennium, two gathering forces will reshape molecular cell biology: genomics, the complete DNA sequence of many organisms, and proteomics, a knowledge of all the possible shapes and functions that proteins employ. (freepdfbook.com)
  • All the concepts of molecular cell biology continue to be derived from experiments, and powerful experimental tools that allow the study of living cells and organisms at higher and higher levels of resolution are being developed constantly. (freepdfbook.com)
  • These molecules have been identified in eukaryotic organisms such as mammals and plants and even in viruses. (cmbr-journal.com)
  • Cell and developmental biology of multicellular eukaryotic organisms. (unh.edu)
  • K. Kokame, H. Kato and T. Miyata, "Homocysteine-Respondent Genes in Vascular Endothelial Cells Identified by Differential Display Analysis. (scirp.org)
  • 10. Describe and categorize cellular signaling pathways, including the transfer of a stimulus across a cell membrane, and how the stimulus is propagated to its effector, it be an enzyme or one or several genes. (setur.fo)
  • Regulation of the eukaryotic cell cycle, and the role of tumor suppressor genes. (utdallas.edu)
  • We also show that human CDK targets are enriched for proteins that contain clustered consensus matches and, by searching human cell cycle genes, we predict several putative CDK targets, including the human orthologs of Schizosaccharomyces pombe CDC5 (CDC5L) and S. cerevisiae Cdc20p (CDC20). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here, we used quantitative real-time PCR, profiling the expression of 93 genes in single-cells from three different cell lines. (frontiersin.org)
  • We found that the total transcript level per cell and the expression of most individual genes correlated with progression through the cell cycle, but not with cell size. (frontiersin.org)
  • Detailed analysis of cell cycle predictive genes allowed us to define subpopulations with distinct gene expression profiles and to calculate a cell cycle index that illustrates the transition of cells between cell cycle phases. (frontiersin.org)
  • In conclusion, we provide useful experimental approaches and bioinformatics to identify informative and predictive genes at the single-cell level, which opens up new means to describe and understand cell proliferation and subpopulation dynamics. (frontiersin.org)
  • Here, we employed single-cell gene expression profiling to describe the dynamic transition between cell proliferative states in three different cell lines using a panel consisting of 93 marker genes. (frontiersin.org)
  • In MDA-MB-231 cells, SR-4835 can reduce the expression of a cast of DDR genes due to its inhibition of CDK12/13 kinase activity. (cancer-research-network.com)
  • In eukaryotes, transcription is performed in the nucleus by three types of RNA polymerases, each of which needs a special DNA sequence called the promoter and a set of DNA-binding proteins-transcription factors-to initiate the process (see regulation of transcription below). (wikipedia.org)
  • The Courtney lab studies influenza A virus-host interactions with a focus on post-transcriptional regulation of viral RNA by host proteins. (google.com)
  • The eukaryotic cell cycle requires precise temporal coordination of the activities of hundreds of 'executor' proteins (EPs) involved in cell growth and division. (nih.gov)
  • Proteolytic degradation is critical to the maintenance of appropriate levels of short-lived and regulatory proteins as important and diverse as those involved in cellular metabolism, heat shock and stress response, antigen presentation, modulation of cell surface receptors and ion channels, cell cycle regulation, transcription, and signalling factors. (novusbio.com)
  • The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway deconstructs most proteins in the eukaryotic cell cytosol and nucleus. (novusbio.com)
  • INTRODUCTION: Proteins that undergo receptor-mediated endocytosis are subject to lysosomal degradation, requiring radioiodination methods that minimize loss of radioactivity from tumor cells after this process occurs. (duke.edu)
  • In the glioma cells, EIF5B promotes cell survival by enhancing the translation of several IRES-containing mRNAs including those encoding anti-apoptotic proteins such as XIAP and Bcl-xL [ 4 ]. (techscience.com)
  • 3. Describe regulation of proteins, chromatin structure and gene expression. (setur.fo)
  • In this project, they will use budding yeast as a model and the latest experimental high-throughput methods to map the structural changes of proteins and RNA during the cell cycle. (academichive.com)
  • The duplication of chromosomes and the regulation of their replication and repair requires dozens of proteins acting together to maintain the duplex DNA genome. (rockefeller.edu)
  • They are responsible for the production of all proteins in all cells of every organism. (charite.de)
  • Faulty or damaged proteins are recognized and rapidly degraded within the cells, thereby eliminating the consequences of errors in protein synthesis. (amerigoscientific.com)
  • Ubiquitin is an 8.5-kDa polypeptide that exists in all eukaryotic cells and acts as a tag in post-translational modification of proteins. (amerigoscientific.com)
  • Recent breakthroughs have uncovered more and more DNA replication licensing machinery proteins (ORC, Cdc6, Cdt1, geminin, etc.) functioning in other cell cycle events, including centrosome replication, mitotic events, transcription and so on. (intechopen.com)
  • To analyze functional and biochemical interdependencies further, we carried out an analysis of the gene ontology (GO) annotation of the identified Drosophila centrosome proteins, as well as of the human centrosome proteome.5 The GO analysis of the group of proteins that did not show a centrosome, chromosome segregation or cell cycle related phenotype in our RNAi assays suggests that these molecules may constitute linker proteins to other cellular signaling pathways. (mpg.de)
  • Furthermore, the results of our GO analysis of components of the human and of the Drosophila centrosome reflect the somatic and embryonic origin, respectively, of the isolated centrosomes, implicating the Drosophila centrosome proteins in developmental signaling and cell differentiation. (mpg.de)
  • I am a plant cell biologist and protein biochemist at Oxford Brookes University with expertise in the structure and function of the plant endoplasmic reticulum (ER), membrane proteins and auxin biosynthesis using biochemical techniques as well as high-resolution live cell imaging. (brookes.ac.uk)
  • EIF5B (Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 5B) is a conserved eukaryotic translation factor that mediates association of the 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits during eukaryotic translation initiation, and modulates the cell cycle progression by regulating the translation of upstream open reading frames (uORF)-containing mRNAs such as p27 and p21 [ 3 ]. (techscience.com)
  • Cyc activity is common in cancer, and regulation of replication initiation is necessary for genomic health, how these pathways conspire to drive genomic instability in cancer remain. (tx.us)
  • His lab studies how the replisome interacts with DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoint machinery, how initiation of replication is directed by nucleosomes, and how replication forks perform nucleosome inheritance, the process by which nucleosomes (the fundamental structural unit of chromosomal DNA) are passed down from parental to daughter DNA during replication. (rockefeller.edu)
  • However, in contrast to higher eukaryotic cells, trypanosomes do not seem to regulate gene expression through regulation of transcription initiation. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In this chapter, we mainly discuss the coordination regulations between DNA replication initiation and other cell cycle events that ensure genomic integrity. (intechopen.com)
  • DNA replication occurs once and only once per cell cycle mainly regulated by DNA replication initiation factors in eukaryotic cells. (intechopen.com)
  • Regulation of gene expression is the basis for cellular differentiation, development, morphogenesis and the versatility and adaptability of any organism. (wikipedia.org)
  • In addition to supplying cellular energy, mitochondria are involved in other tasks, such as signaling , cellular differentiation , and cell death , as well as maintaining control of the cell cycle and cell growth . (wikipedia.org)
  • Even though its sequence along with its expressional pattern in cancer cell lines are evident, the functional aspects concerning cell proliferation, viability, differentiation and cell cycle regulation of NDRG1 remains vague. (scirp.org)
  • These results revealed that NDRG1 is functional in prostate cancer cells and able to induce expression of differentiation factors through p53 independent pathway. (scirp.org)
  • T. Napso, N. Azzam, A. Lerner and F. Fares, " N-myc Downstream Regulated Gene 1 Increases Differentiation Factors Level in Human Prostate Cancer Cells without Affecting Cell Proliferation and Cell Cycle Profiles," Journal of Cancer Therapy , Vol. 4 No. 2, 2013, pp. 568-574. (scirp.org)
  • A Novel Gene Which Is Up-Regulated during Colon Epithelial Cell Differentiation and Down-Regulated in Colorectal Neoplasms," Laboratory Investigation: A Journal of Technical Methods and Pathology, Vol. 77, No. 1, 1997, pp. 85-92. (scirp.org)
  • Cell Fate Determination in T Cell Differentiation. (vt.edu)
  • Use bifurcation analysis to study T cell differentiation. (vt.edu)
  • A simple theoretical framework for understanding heterogeneous differentiation of CD4+ T cells. (vt.edu)
  • A mathematical model for the reciprocal differentiation of T helper 17 cells and induced regulatory T cells. (vt.edu)
  • They are involved in any biological processes such as the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation, apoptosis, signaling, and defense responses through their spatio-temporal expression manner. (cmbr-journal.com)
  • Transcription factors (TFs) are critical for B-cell differentiation, affecting gene expression both by repres- sion and transcriptional activation. (lu.se)
  • In this study, highly purified, flow-cytometry sorted, classified in relation to normal B-cell differentiation [1]. (lu.se)
  • Although most of a eukaryotic cell's DNA is contained in the cell nucleus , the mitochondrion has its own genome ("mitogenome") that is substantially similar to bacterial genomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • The organisation and evolution of the eukaryotic genomes. (lu.se)
  • Three sequential phosphorylation events on specific residues of p27, regulate the activity of these complexes and ultimately control cell cycle proliferation or arrest. (lu.se)
  • In-depth exploration of landmark and current papers in genetics, molecular and cell biology, with an emphasis on prokaryotes and eukaryotic microbes. (wustl.edu)
  • The first is a stochastic model of the progression of cell cycle states, which is applied to experimental data for two synchronized isogenic MMR + and MMR − colon cancer cell lines treated with and without IUdR. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Some studies showed that blocking cell cycle progression ameliorated fibrosis. (nature.com)
  • Increased levels of polyamines in cells are considered to be involved in cancer progression. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • These data suggest that EIF5B functions as an oncogene that promotes cancer cell growth, survival, and progression. (techscience.com)
  • Unpredictably, cell cycle progression, cell proliferation and DNA synthesis were unaffected fol lowing NDRG1 expression. (scirp.org)
  • However, the pathway downstream NDRG1, involving p21 and c8/18, regulating cell cycle progression and DNA synthesis is unfunctional. (scirp.org)
  • The molecular processes behind cell cycle progression have been dissected by numerous morphological studies on live or fixed single cells using a plethora of techniques to visualize components and processes during cell division. (frontiersin.org)
  • Although purvalanol-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptotic cell death were demonstrated in prostate ( 5 ), breast ( 6 ) and colon cancer cells ( 7 ), the exact molecular mechanism of purvanol-induced apoptosis has not been elucidated yet. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Molecular Cell Biology concentrates on the macromolecules and reactions studied by biochemists, the processes described by cell biologists, and the gene control pathways identified by molecular biologists and geneticists. (freepdfbook.com)
  • In this fourth edition, we address the current state of molecular cell biology and look forward to what further exploration will uncover in the twenty-first century. (freepdfbook.com)
  • Cell physiology, molecular biology and modeling. (vt.edu)
  • To provide the students with knowledge of cell structure and function, organelles, growth and cell cycle, and cellular and molecular interactions. (setur.fo)
  • 1. Basics of molecular and cell biology. (cvut.cz)
  • Separase activity distribution can be a marker of major molecular response and proliferation of CD34+ cells in TKI-treated chronic myeloid leukemia patients. (separase.com)
  • The course is an optional second-cycle course for a degree of Bachelor or Master of Science in Biology and Molecular Biology. (lu.se)
  • Regulation of gene expression gives control over the timing, location, and amount of a given gene product (protein or ncRNA) present in a cell and can have a profound effect on the cellular structure and function. (wikipedia.org)
  • HCT 116 colon cancer cells were exposed to purvalanol, which activated ER stress via upregulation of PERK, IRE1α gene expression, eIF-2α phosphorylation and ATF-6 cleavage at early time-points in the HCT 116 colon cancer cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Photoregulation and phytochrome regulation of nuclear and chloroplastic gene expression. (nipaers.com)
  • Principles for regulation of gene expression through intercellular signalling. (lu.se)
  • Regulation of the mammalian elongation cycle by ribosomal subunit rolling: a eukaryotic-specific conformational change. (charite.de)
  • Irreversible transitions, bistability and checkpoint controls in the eukaryotic cell cycle: a systems-level understanding. (vt.edu)
  • mis-regulation leads to genomic instability, a hallmark of many cancers. (tx.us)
  • Determine if initiator mis-regulation leads to genomic instability. (tx.us)
  • The precise regulations of pre-RC protein levels and assembly are effective ways to prevent reassembly of de novo MCM2-7 onto the replicated origins to re-license and re-replicate the genomic DNA in the subsequent phases of the same cell cycle ( Figure 1) . (intechopen.com)
  • 1. The cell cycle of budding yeast. (vt.edu)
  • Modeling the cell cycle engine and checkpoints in yeast cells. (vt.edu)
  • Modeling cell growth, diviions and morphology in fission yeast. (vt.edu)
  • A model of yeast cell cycle regulation based on multisite posphorylation. (vt.edu)
  • His recent work centers around humans and budding yeast, and understanding the dynamic behavior of the eukaryotic replisome components. (rockefeller.edu)
  • I am a beginning PhD student at the VU in Amsterdam and study the heterogeneity of yeast cells at near zero growth conditions. (fairdomhub.org)
  • 9. Examine and explain structure, functions and components of cellular membranes, including transport of molecules and ions across membranes and the importance of such transport in cell homeostasis and neuronal signaling. (setur.fo)
  • 12. Describe two major types of tissues (connective and epithelial tissues), the concept of cellular communities and their organization (like communication between cells and the adhesion between cells), and show how stem cells maintain and renew tissues. (setur.fo)
  • Furthermore, GSEA and immune infiltrating analyses showed that the signature had close interactions with immune-related pathways and was closely related to CD8 T cells and monocytes in the tumor environment. (scielo.br)
  • Eukaryotic cells respond to DNA damage by activating signaling pathways that promote cell cycle arrest and DNA repair. (kegg.jp)
  • In eukaryotic cells, the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway and lysosomal proteolysis are the two main pathways of protein degradation. (amerigoscientific.com)
  • It is increasingly clear that DNA viruses exploit cellular epigenetic processes to control their life cycles during infection. (mdpi.com)
  • This review will address epigenetic regulation in members of the polyomaviruses, adenoviruses, human papillomaviruses, hepatitis B, and herpes viruses. (mdpi.com)
  • Laboratory demonstrations of cell culture, and laboratory exercises elucidating some cellular processes and some methods in cell biology, including use of light microscopy and epifluorescence microscopy. (setur.fo)
  • Developmental stages of the trypanosome life cycle differ in their morphology, biology, and biochemical properties. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Dr David Courtney is the Principal Investigator in the Courtney Group, and with a talented group of research scientists and students, we aim to answer fundamental questions on the importance of post-transcriptional regulation of RNAs during the viral replication cycle of influenza A RNAs in eukaryotic cells. (google.com)
  • These changes range from the local changes necessary for transcriptional regulation to global changes necessary for chromosome segregation. (umassmed.edu)
  • Class discussions will center on such key discoveries as the chemical nature of genetic material, the genetic code, oxygen producing light-spectrum, cell-cell signaling, transcriptional regulation, the random nature of mutation, and cell cycle regulation. (wustl.edu)
  • This raises the possibility of phosphorylation-mediated control of Pin1-substrate interactions in cell cycle regulation. (rcsb.org)
  • I am committed to interdisciplinary research, and an example of the successes gained from this approach is the project with Prof A Nabok (Engineering Sheffield Hallam University) using total internal reflection ellipsometry to quantify protein-membrane interactions on native plant membranes and human cell lines. (brookes.ac.uk)
  • Program access grant to the STFC Harwell Laser Facility 'The Plant Cell Initiative: Protein interactions in the higher plant secretory pathway' 2017-2021 (approximate value of £200K). (brookes.ac.uk)
  • Eukaryotic ribosomes apparently possess an additional mode of inter-subunit rotation. (charite.de)
  • In addition, Plk1 also prevented partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (pEMT) of tubular epithelial cells via autophagy pathway. (nature.com)
  • In the present study, our aim was to determine the time-dependent, ER-mediated apoptotic and autophagy induction of purvalanol in HCT 116 colon cancer cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • however, purvalanol triggered autophagy, which functions as a cell survival mechanism at early time-points. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Cyclin-CDK inhibitors (CKIs), such as p16Ink4a, p15Ink4b, p27Kip1, and p21Cip1, are involved in the negative regulation of CDK activities, thus providing a pathway through which the cell cycle is negatively regulated. (kegg.jp)
  • Loss of sensitivity to p21 cell cycle control may be associated with prostatic cancer behavior. (scirp.org)
  • Protein kinases are critical to cellular signalling and post-translational gene regulation, but their biological substrates are difficult to identify. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Trans-acting factors binding to cis-elements that affect mRNA stability of mature transcripts have not been identified in these cells. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The proliferation marker Ki-67 is expressed in all phases of the cell cycle [ 12 ], and elevated Ki-67 in tumor cells was associated with the most aggressive melanomas in our previous study [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • GEP analyses were performed on highly purified, flow-cytometry sorted tumor-cells from eight subgroups of BCLs. (lu.se)
  • This enabled identification of TFs that can be uniquely associated to the tumor cells of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), hairy cell leukemia (HCL), and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). (lu.se)
  • Previous studies in our laboratory have described increased and preferential radiosensitization of mismatch repair-deficient (MMR − ) HCT116 colon cancer cells with 5-iododeoxyuridine (IUdR). (aacrjournals.org)
  • Due to its key role in the eukaryotic cell cycles, Plk1 has been one of the most validated drug targets for cancer treatment. (nature.com)
  • Purvalanol, a novel cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, is referred to as a strong apoptotic inducer which causes cell cycle arrest in various cancer cells such as prostate, breast and colon cancer cell lines. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • New anticancer therapy strategies refer to the inhibition of CDK-cyclin complexes as an important target to prevent uncontrolled proliferation and induce apoptosis in cancer cells ( 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Olomoucine, roscovitine and purvalanol are examples of CDK inhibitors (CDKIs) designed and investigated for their apoptotic potential on cancer cells ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Furthermore, EIF5B knockdown suppressed epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotype. (techscience.com)
  • Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a dynamic process involved in cancer metastasis wherein cancer cells with epithelial characteristics acquire mesenchymal characteristics such as increased motility, invasion, and survival [ 6 ]. (techscience.com)
  • Furthermore, cancer cells undergoing EMT phenotypic changes also acquire drug resistance [ 7 ]. (techscience.com)
  • A subset of cancer cells undergoing EMT acquire characteristics of stem cells and are designated as cancer stem cells (CSCs) [ 8 ]. (techscience.com)
  • Furthermore, human cDNA of NDRG1 from normal placenta was cloned into a eukaryotic expression vector and transfected into the three cancer cell lines. (scirp.org)
  • Dynamic modelling of oestrogen signalling and cell fate in breast cancer cells. (vt.edu)
  • 13. Contrast cancer cells and normal cells, and show how cancer behaves and disobeys the 'rules' of the normal cellular community. (setur.fo)
  • The regulation of telomere length has a significant impact on cancer risk and aging in humans. (bvsalud.org)
  • BIOL 6341 Oncogenes (3 semester credit hours) Properties of cancer cells, in vivo and in vitro. (utdallas.edu)
  • Targeted TPX2 increases chromosome missegregation and suppresses tumor cell growth in human prostate cancer. (separase.com)
  • Sepin-1 is a small compound that inhibits the enzymatic activity of Separase and growth of cancer cells. (separase.com)
  • Cancer Cell. (cancer-research-network.com)
  • Transcriptomic profiling of T-cell populations in non-muscle invasive and muscle invasive bladder cancer. (lu.se)
  • Cancer Lett, 300:215-224.doi:10.1016/j. squamous cell carcinoma in north-eastern Iran. (who.int)
  • 99:209 -215.doi:10.1007/s11060 - 010 - 0129 -5 cell carcinoma-a population-based study in with and without cervical cancer in Tbilisi, Georgia. (who.int)
  • 5. Analysis of cell cycle dynamics by bifurcation theory. (vt.edu)
  • Most studies have been performed on large cell populations, but detailed understanding of cell dynamics and heterogeneity requires single-cell analysis. (frontiersin.org)
  • Once adulthood is reached and the laying period has begun, the dynamics of symbiont and host cells is reversed: the number of endosymbionts decreases progressively and the bacteriocyte structure degenerates during insect aging. (hal.science)
  • Cellular studies show the replisome is intimately involved with the inheritance of epigenetic information and cell fate, and the O'Donnell lab is working to understand the mechanistic details of these processes. (rockefeller.edu)
  • These studies can be expected to provide new insights into eukaryotic replication, repair, and epigenetic inheritance. (rockefeller.edu)
  • For each type of virus, what is known about the roles of DNA methylation, histone modifications, nucleosome positioning, and regulatory RNA in epigenetic regulation of the virus infection will be discussed. (mdpi.com)
  • Mitochondria have a double membrane structure and use aerobic respiration to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is used throughout the cell as a source of chemical energy . (wikipedia.org)
  • The number of mitochondria in a cell can vary widely by organism , tissue , and cell type. (wikipedia.org)
  • A mature red blood cell has no mitochondria, [17] whereas a liver cell can have more than 2000. (wikipedia.org)
  • By mathematical modelling, we show that such FFLs can activate EPs at different phases of the cell cycle depending of the effective signs (+ or -) of the regulatory steps of the FFL. (nih.gov)
  • Individual unsynchronized cells from three different cell lines were collected in different cell cycle phases (G0/G1 - S - G2/M) with variable cell sizes. (frontiersin.org)
  • Down-regulation of EIF5B significantly decreased proliferation and invasiveness of the HCC cells. (techscience.com)
  • In the HCC cells, activation of the NF-kappa B signaling pathway and IkB phosphorylation was significantly reduced by EIF5B silencing. (techscience.com)
  • Using histology and imaging techniques, we have shown that the endosymbiont-bearing cells (bacteriocytes) increase significantly in number and size during the nymphal development, and clustering in the insect abdomen. (hal.science)
  • Shugoshin-2 is essential for the completion of meiosis but not for mitotic cell division in mice. (nature.com)
  • The human rotamase or peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase Pin1 is a conserved mitotic regulator essential for the G2/M transition of the eukaryotic cell cycle. (rcsb.org)
  • The present study uses the integration of probabilistic mathematical models and experimental data on MMR − versus MMR + cells to describe the effects of IUdR incorporation upon the cell cycle for the purpose of increasing IUdR-mediated radiosensitivity in MMR − cells. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The identified structural changes will provide us clues on how, for instance, our earlier identified metabolic changes might be accomplished in terms of regulation. (academichive.com)
  • The phosphorylation of the sodium-hydrogen exchanger regulatory factor-1 (NHERF-1) plays a key role in the regulation of renal phosphate transport by parathyroid hormone (PTH) and dopamine. (duke.edu)
  • In this study, we explored the role of Plk1 in the classical kidney fibrosis model, UUO, and cultured fibroblast and renal tubular epithelial cells by using specific Plk1 inhibitors, genetic silencing, and heterozygous global knockout mice. (nature.com)
  • E6 and Metabolic syndrome and risks of colon and rectal renal cell carcinoma. (who.int)
  • Of note, selective loss of chromosome 7 in bone marrow-derived CD34 + cells was inferred. (bvsalud.org)