• Icariin can inhibit the proliferation and colony forming ability of medulloblastoma cells, induce cell arrest in synthesis phase by inhibiting the expression of cyclin A, cyclin-dependent kinase 2 and cyclin B1, and induce cell apoptosis by regulating the expression of B-cell lymphoma 2, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase protein. (ijpsonline.com)
  • In the present study, we analyze the activity and binding of Sp3 on several eukaryotic promoters that contain G/C boxes and are known to be regulated during cellular proliferation and the cell cycle. (nih.gov)
  • The data suggest that Sp3 may contribute to the control of proliferation- and/or cell-regulated promoters depending upon the context and/or number of functional Sp1 binding sites. (nih.gov)
  • Markedly enlarged anagen HFs of TG mice show increased proliferation in the matrix and an increased number of hair cortex and medulla cells compared with WT HFs. (brad.ac.uk)
  • Similar to TG mice, p27(Kip1) knockout mice also show an increased size of anagen HFs associated with increased cell proliferation in the hair bulb. (brad.ac.uk)
  • These data suggest that BMP signaling plays an important role in regulating cell proliferation and controls the size of anagen HFs by modulating the expression of cell-cycle-associated genes in hair matrix KC. (brad.ac.uk)
  • During cell growth and proliferation, ubiquitin plays an outsized role in promoting progression through the cell cycle. (intechopen.com)
  • Notably, the G1/S boundary represents a major barrier to cell proliferation and is universally dysfunctional in cancer cells, allowing for the unbridled proliferation observed in malignancy. (intechopen.com)
  • Numerous E3 ubiquitin ligases, which facilitate the ubiquitination of specific substrates, have been shown to control G1/S. In this chapter, we will discuss components in the ubiquitin proteasome system that are implicated in G1/S control, how these enzymes are interconnected, gaps in our current knowledge, and the potential role of these pathways in the cancer cycle and disease proliferation. (intechopen.com)
  • AKAP12 knockdown in benign meningioma cells SF4433 increases proliferation, cell cycle, migration, invasion, and confers an anaplastic profile. (nature.com)
  • This phosphorylation event is associated with increased cell proliferation and poor prognosis in patients with glioma. (umass.edu)
  • The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine assay, propidium iodide (PI) staining, annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/PI staining, and transwell assay were employed to test the proliferation, apoptosis, migration ability, and invasiveness of COAD cells. (hindawi.com)
  • Upregulating the level of miR-323a-3p impaired the proliferation, migration, and invasion of COAD cells and promoted apoptosis, whereas supplementing NEK6 alleviated the damage of the proliferation, migration, and invasion of COAD cells caused by miR-323a-3p and inhibited miR-323a-3p-induced apoptosis. (hindawi.com)
  • These findings indicate that miR-323a-3p regulates the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of COAD cells by targeting NEK6. (hindawi.com)
  • Even when immune cells from Atm-S1987A-rescued mice are treated with radiation, several signs of normal cell cycle inhibition were observed, including decreased rate of DNA synthesis and decreased cell proliferation. (nih.gov)
  • They help regulate cell growth, proliferation, differentiation and in the case of neurons, synaptic plasticity. (ucsd.edu)
  • si-Prok1 arrests cell cycle, induces apoptotic changes, and inhibits the proliferation of ovarian granulosa cells through a mechanism related to the regulation of Pi3k/Akt signaling pathway. (ajol.info)
  • The cell cycle is the process of accurate self-reproduction and proliferation of a cell. (intechopen.com)
  • Misregulation of the cell cycle may result in malignant cell proliferation, tumorigenesis or cell death. (intechopen.com)
  • Knockdown of KDM1B inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells. (cancerindex.org)
  • MAPK pathways refer to various cellular functions, including cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. (springer.com)
  • Our results show a novel role for DDX5 in cancer cell proliferation and suggest DDX5 as a therapeutic target in breast cancer treatment. (aacrjournals.org)
  • DDX5 is required for cell proliferation by controlling the transcription of genes expressing DNA replication proteins in cancer cells in which the DDX5 locus is amplified, and this has uncovered a dependence on DDX5 for cell proliferation. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Defects in the control of cell proliferation are a hallmark of cancer, and DNA replication is a key process for cell proliferation. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound derived from turmeric (Curcuma longa L), has proven to be a modulator of multiple intercellular signalling pathways linked to inflammation, to proliferation, growth, invasion, drug sensitivity, angiogenesis and metastasis of cancer cells. (researchgate.net)
  • This cascade is highly regulated and impacts virtually all cellular processes including cell cycle progression, cell proliferation, cell differentiation and apoptosis. (soci.org)
  • Inhibition of CDK1 activity reduces IDG-SW3 cell proliferation and differentiation into osteocytes. (lu.se)
  • RESULTS: Although the three tested ionophores inhibited the proliferation of several B-lymphoma cell lines, nigericin inhibited the proliferation of PEL cells compared to KSHV-negative cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Many factors are involved in causing and permitting the unregulated proliferation of cells that occurs in cancer. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Загальні відомості про злоякісні новоутворення Cancer is an unregulated proliferation of cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • To investigate the effect of icariin on cell cycle and apoptosis of medulloblastoma cells and its mechanism. (ijpsonline.com)
  • This kinase is found to be necessary for BCL-ABL-mediated resistance to drug-induced apoptosis and therefore protects leukemia cells against drug-induced apoptosis. (nih.gov)
  • p53 participates in relevant aspects of cell biology, including apoptosis and cell cycle control and must be strictly regulated to maintain normal tissue homeostasis. (molvis.org)
  • Phosphorylation plays critical roles in the regulation of many cellular processes, including cell cycle, growth, apoptosis and signal transduction pathways. (ucsd.edu)
  • Cell cycle ratio and apoptosis in the two groups were determined using flow cytometry, while Pi3k/Akt signal route-linked protein levels were assayed by immunoblot method. (ajol.info)
  • Akt pathways have effects on apoptosis, protein synthesis, metabolism and cell cycle. (springer.com)
  • Inhibition of DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit by small molecule inhibitor NU7026 sensitizes human leukemic K562 cells to benzene metabolite-induced apoptosis. (cdc.gov)
  • Lastly, hydroquinone and NU7026 exhibited synergistic effects on promoting apoptosis by increasing the protein levels of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and caspase-3 but decreasing the protein expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. (cdc.gov)
  • Taken together, the findings reveal a central role of DNA-PKcs in hydroquinone-induced hematotoxicity in which it coordinates DNA DSB repair, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis to regulate the response to hydroquinone-induced DNA damage. (cdc.gov)
  • In PEL cells, nigericin disrupted the mitochondrial membrane potential and caused the release of cytochrome c, which triggered caspase-9-mediated apoptosis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Doxorubicin- and platinum-based agents are most commonly used with the platinum-based agents that induce apoptosis versus the doxorubicin-based drugs that promote cell arrest. (medscape.com)
  • A new form of 5-fluorouracil called fluoropyrimidine that has increased activity against malignant cells and while having fewer gastrointestinal side effects has shown to be efficacious against malignant salivary cancers and to potentiate the effects of radiotherapy by increasing apoptosis. (medscape.com)
  • Progression through the cell cycle is driven by the oscillating activity of Cyclin Dependent Kinases (CDKs). (intechopen.com)
  • Some studies showed that blocking cell cycle progression ameliorated fibrosis. (nature.com)
  • Use of the triple-negative TMX2-28 breast cancer cell line to address the role of SKP2 in cell cycle progression confirmed that SKP2 contributes to a more rapid cell cycle progression and may regulates pSer10p27 levels. (umass.edu)
  • miRNAs expressed in a wide variety of human cancers can regulate posttranscriptional gene expression by binding to the 3′ untranslated region of the target mRNAs and act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors to regulate cell signaling pathways, affecting tumorigenesis and tumor progression [ 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • By blocking cell cycle progression, p27 prevents cells from dividing too quickly or at the wrong time. (medlineplus.gov)
  • For example, when p27 is held (sequestered) in the fluid that surrounds the nucleus (the cytoplasm) instead of being transported into the nucleus, the protein is unavailable to block cell cycle progression. (medlineplus.gov)
  • We identify an important role for DDX5 in G 1 -S-phase progression where it directly regulates DNA replication factor expression by promoting the recruitment of RNA polymerase II to E2F-regulated gene promoters. (aacrjournals.org)
  • May be a transcription factor involved in regulating the expression of genes active in the S phase during cell cycle progression in T cells. (lu.se)
  • Cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation regulates the activity of pRB. (wikipedia.org)
  • To map the mechanisms of aggressiveness we aimed to investigate changes in protein phosphorylation across WHO grades of human meningiomas. (nature.com)
  • We found Plk1 plays a critical role in maintaining intralysosomal pH by regulating ATP6V1A phosphorylation, and inhibition of Plk1 impaired lysosomal function leading to blockade of autophagic flux. (nature.com)
  • Therefore, the mutant Atm-S1987A protein exhibits normal phosphorylation activity and is sufficient to trigger an efficient response to radiation. (nih.gov)
  • Once ATM is recruited to the double-stranded DNA break, lots of other proteins also relocate to the same site for phosphorylation. (nih.gov)
  • Treatment of HeLa cells with paclitaxel induces phosphorylation of Aurora A at Thr288 while treatment with hydroxyurea ablates phosphorylation. (cellsignal.com)
  • Dixon is an internationally recognized scientist in the field of reversible phosphorylation - a biochemical process that involves the addition of phosphate to an organic compound and, in the context of cells, serves as a fundamental master control switch by which proteins and their functions can be altered after they have formed. (ucsd.edu)
  • Curcumin partially exerts its inhibitory influence on RVFV replication by interfering with IKK-β2 mediated phosphorylation of the viral protein NSs and by altering cell cycle of treated cells. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • Protein phosphorylation is the most common post-translation modification of proteins and regulates many biological processes. (lu.se)
  • We hypothesized that BMP4 might exert beneficial effects through modulation of p16 and p18 expression in transduced MDSCs since the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p16INK4A (p16) and p18INK4C (p18) cause early G1-phase cell cycle blockade. (pitt.edu)
  • Transient cotransfections of Drosophila cells with Sp1 and Sp3 expression vectors and with the histone H4, thymidine kinase (TK), or dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) promoters show that only the DHFR promoter, containing multiple functional GC boxes, displays Sp3 repression of Sp1 activation. (nih.gov)
  • In the discovery set of fresh-frozen tissue specimens (14), the A-kinase anchor protein 12 (AKAP12) protein was found downregulated across the grades. (nature.com)
  • CDKN1C , or cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1C, is a gene that encodes a protein implicated in cell cycle regulation. (medscape.com)
  • This gene encodes a member of the protein kinase C (PKC) family of serine/threonine protein kinases. (nih.gov)
  • This protein kinase is calcium-independent and phospholipid-dependent. (nih.gov)
  • S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2) is an important cell cycle regulator, targeting the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor p27 for degradation, and is frequently overexpressed in breast cancer. (umass.edu)
  • Most recently, Dixon's lab has identified a new group of enzymes in the protein kinase family that phosphorylate casein in the biomineralization of teeth and bone. (ucsd.edu)
  • Curcumin, strongly down regulates levels of extracellular infectious virus.Our data demonstrate that curcumin binds to and inhibits kinase activity of the IKK-β2 complex in infected cells. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • This complex inhibits mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase, a key protein in cells that regulate the gene translation responsible for cell-cycle regulation. (medscape.com)
  • We have previously reported that exposure of workers to benzene and to benzene metabolite hydroquinone in cultured cells induced DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) to mediate the cellular response to DNA double strand break (DSB) caused by DNA-damaging metabolites. (cdc.gov)
  • Treatment with NU7026 did not alter the production of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress by hydroquinone but repressed the protein level of DNA-PKcs and blocked the induction of the kinase mRNA and protein expression by hydroquinone. (cdc.gov)
  • The non-receptor tyrosine kinase Src plays a key role in cell division, migration, adhesion, and survival. (bvsalud.org)
  • A further chapter discusses how surface membrane G-protein receptors in C. albicans and other fungi transmit external stimuli through 2 major protein kinase cascades. (cdc.gov)
  • To identify genes that can functionally substitute for oncogenic RAS, we systematically expressed 15,294 open reading frames in a human KRAS-dependent colon cancer cell line engineered to express an inducible KRAS-specific shRNA. (nih.gov)
  • Bone morphogenetic protein signaling regulates size of hair follicles and modulates the expression of cell cycle-associated genes. (brad.ac.uk)
  • These genes are regulated by specific regions near the genes called imprinting control regions (ICRs), which contain epigenetic marks (methylation) that coordinate gene expression. (medscape.com)
  • KCNQ1OT1 is implicated in regulating other growth genes. (medscape.com)
  • The CDKN2A/B locus contains genes encoding cell cycle inhibitors, including p16 Ink4a , which have not yet been implicated in the control of hepatic glucose homeostasis. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • p53 affects the transcription of many target genes and interacts with key cellular proteins. (molvis.org)
  • Research into Gene Expression & Epigenetics aims to understand how our genes and the way they are regulated influence who we are. (umassmed.edu)
  • In human cells, the expression of ∼1,000 genes is modulated throughout the cell cycle. (iric.ca)
  • Mutations/deletions in separate genes, each of which alone causes a minimal phenotype, but when combined in the same cell results in a more severe fitness defect or lethality under a given condition. (thebiogrid.org)
  • SIRT1 is localized in the nucleus and can deacetylate numerous proteins such as tumor suppressor protein (p53), Ku70, NF-κB, and forkhead proteins which modulate genes that control cellular stress resistance ( Smith, 2002 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Genes controlling hyphal development include ones that are upregulated during cell elongation and adherence to epithelia. (cdc.gov)
  • 2003). The therapeutic effects of different genes delivered by ment of the hGFAP promoter used here has been extensively studied and lentiviral vectors have been documented in a number of animal found to be up-regulated after several different stimuli both in vitro and models, both in rodents and primates, and examples include delivery in vivo in transgenic mice (Brenner et al. (lu.se)
  • Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling is involved in the regulation of a large variety of developmental programs, including those controlling organ sizes. (brad.ac.uk)
  • The functional regulation of cells is a complex and dynamic process. (nature.com)
  • Regulatory non-coding RNAs and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are important research areas in gene regulation and RNA biology. (rochester.edu)
  • Appropriate cell cycle regulation by ATM and other proteins is necessary to prevent abnormal cell growth, which can lead to cancer. (nih.gov)
  • Regulation can occur through modification of the p27 protein's structure, its interaction with other proteins, or its localization within the cell. (medlineplus.gov)
  • However, changes in regulation that reduce the amount or function of the p27 protein in the nucleus are found in many types of cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Here we describe a different method of transgene regulation by the use of the human glial ®brillary acidic protein (GFAP) promoter. (lu.se)
  • Water 2H and 17O spin relaxation is used to study water dynamics in the hydration layers of two small peptides, two globular proteins and in living cells of two microorganisms. (lu.se)
  • This distribution comprises a small fraction of protein-specific hydration sites, where water rotation is strongly retarded, and a dominant fraction of generic hydration sites, where water rotation is as fast as in the hydration shells of small peptides. (lu.se)
  • Differentially regulated pathways were characteristic of high-grade meningiomas. (nature.com)
  • We found that reprogramming of differentiated cells induces T-circle and single-stranded C-rich telomeric DNA accumulation, indicating the activation of telomere trimming pathways that compensate telomerase-dependent telomere elongation in hiPSCs. (sens.org)
  • Cell stimulus response systems are referred to as Signal Transduction Pathways. (umaine.edu)
  • What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
  • NF-κB pathways are associated with immunity, inflammation and cell survival. (springer.com)
  • AMPK pathways inhibit biosynthetic pathways with energy consumption, such as protein, fatty acid and glycogen synthesis. (springer.com)
  • Oxidative stress pathways regulate redox balance by Nrf2 and other ways. (springer.com)
  • Current projects explore the modes of action of biologically active natural products to investigate intracellular signalling pathways and identify novel targets for drug design and has pioneered the use of small molecules to control intracellular protein levels. (soci.org)
  • Early steps in this transition are complex, with at least 2 signaling pathways identified: 1 stops yeast growth and another, with a heat shock protein 70-type profile, initiates the assembly of proteins necessary for mycelial growth. (cdc.gov)
  • Calcium-dependent signaling pathways and heat shock protein expression regulate dimorphism in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and have broad implications for other pathogens. (cdc.gov)
  • For example, the epithelial−mesenchymal transition phenotype presents more cells with a lower degree of differentiation and greater cell dissociation in the ITF than in other tumor areas 14 , 15 . (nature.com)
  • Studies suggest that p27 is also involved in controlling cell differentiation, which is the process by which cells mature to carry out specific functions. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The purpose of this study is to identify cell cycle regulators involved in the differentiation of osteoblasts into osteocytes and determine their physiological significance. (lu.se)
  • The study uses IDG-SW3 cells as a model for the differentiation from osteoblasts to osteocytes. (lu.se)
  • Among the major cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks), Cdk1 is most abundantly expressed in IDG-SW3 cells, and its expression is down-regulated during differentiation into osteocytes. (lu.se)
  • Its prominent properties are A lack of cell differentiation Local invasion of adjoining tissue Metastasis, which is spread to distant sites through. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Plk1 protein and activity are low in G1, accumulate during S and G2/M phases, and are rapidly reduced in the late stages of mitosis [ 7 ]. (nature.com)
  • Src is overactivated in several cancers, where it transmits signals that promote cell survival, mitosis, and other important cancer hallmarks. (bvsalud.org)
  • Dual specificity protein phosphatases (DSPs) regulate mitogenic signal transduction and control the cell cycle. (rcsb.org)
  • A shallow active site pocket in VHR allows for the hydrolysis of phosphorylated serine, threonine, or tyrosine protein residues, whereas the deeper active site of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) restricts substrate specificity to only phosphotyrosine. (rcsb.org)
  • Dixon's interest in phosphatases eventually led to analysis of the tumor suppressor protein PTEN, which shares sequence identity (the degree of similarity between two or more nucleotide sequences) with PTPases. (ucsd.edu)
  • NF45 and NF90 Regulate Mitotic Gene Expression by Competing with Staufen-Mediated mRNA Decay. (iric.ca)
  • We show that depletion of SMD components increases the binding of mitotic mRNAs to the NF45-NF90 complex and rescues cells from mitotic defects. (iric.ca)
  • Recent breakthroughs have uncovered more and more DNA replication licensing machinery proteins (ORC, Cdc6, Cdt1, geminin, etc.) functioning in other cell cycle events, including centrosome replication, mitotic events, transcription and so on. (intechopen.com)
  • Here, we show that, unlike mitotic cells, oocytes can repair DSBs during meiosis I through microtubule-dependent chromosomal recruitment of the CIP2A-MDC1-TOPBP1 complex from spindle poles. (bvsalud.org)
  • Dr. Pryciak studies how protein kinases regulate cell signaling and the cell cycle. (umassmed.edu)
  • As a biologically important example we have studied the complex formed by cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), which play an essential role in the control of the eukaryotic cell cycle. (lu.se)
  • In particular, ubiquitin-mediated degradation is critically important at transition points where it provides directionality and irreversibility to the cell cycle, which is essential for maintaining genome integrity. (intechopen.com)
  • Increases in the amount of PAPP-A mRNA in granulosa cells during follicular development occurs in some but not all species, indicating that other proteases or protease inhibitors may be involved in IGFBP degradation. (bioone.org)
  • The pathway consists of an enzymatic cascade that links the polypeptide cofactor Ubiquitin to specific protein targets, which mark them for degradation by the proteasome. (soci.org)
  • Inhibition of the IKK complex using inhibitors impairs viral replication thus alluding to the requirement of an active IKK complex to the viral life cycle. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • Our studies show that after being secreted into the extracellular matrix, CCN5 binds to the α6β1 integrins of the cells leading to inhibition of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. (ku.edu)
  • Given the high frequency of DDX5 amplification in breast cancer, our results highlight DDX5 as a promising candidate for targeted therapy of breast tumors with DDX5 amplification, and indeed we show that DDX5 inhibition sensitizes a subset of breast cancer cells to trastuzumab. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Inhibition of DNA-PKcs by NU7026 markedly potentiated the apoptotic and growth inhibitory effects of hydroquinone in proerythroid leukemic K562 cells in a dose-dependent manner. (cdc.gov)
  • The accumulation of both Cyclin and CKI proteins is tightly regulated at the level of transcription. (intechopen.com)
  • In addition, Cyclin and CKI proteins are controlled at the level of their destruction. (intechopen.com)
  • p27 regulates G1 /S transition by abrogating the activity of cyclin/CDK complexes. (umass.edu)
  • Synthesis of M2 is regulated in a cell-cycle dependent fashion. (novusbio.com)
  • Its synthesis and secretion are regulated by estrogen (Burger,et al. (cdc.gov)
  • Lymphomas are cancers that involve white blood cells, and can be divided depending on the type of cell involved, either B-lymphocytes or T-lymphocytes. (rarediseases.org)
  • Mantle cell lymphoma belongs to a group of diseases known as non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, which are related malignancies (cancers) that affect the lymphatic system. (rarediseases.org)
  • Lack of ER-α expression in TNBC cells or loss of ER-α activation after endocrine treatment of luminal cancers makes these breast cancer cells resistant to tamoxifen and other endocrine therapies. (ku.edu)
  • The expression of Bcl-2-associated X protein in low, medium and high dose groups was significantly lower than that in control group and decreased with the increase of dose. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Cancer cells that express oncogenic alleles of RAS typically require sustained expression of the mutant allele for survival, but the molecular basis of this oncogene dependency remains incompletely understood. (nih.gov)
  • Microarray and real-time PCR analyses of the laser-captured hair matrix cells show a strong decrease in expression of Cdk inhibitor p27(Kip1) and increased expression of selected cyclins in TG vs. WT mice. (brad.ac.uk)
  • Alternatively, activation of BMP signaling in HaCaT KC induces growth arrest, stimulates p27(Kip1) expression, and positively regulates p27(Kip1) promoter activity, thus further supporting a role of p27(Kip1) in mediating the effects of BMP signaling on HF size. (brad.ac.uk)
  • During his post-doctoral training under Dr. Paul Fox at Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic, he made contributions in understanding the translational control mechanisms regulating VEGFA (vascular endothelial growth factor-A) expression in human monocytes. (rochester.edu)
  • We recently discovered a new type of stress-responsive, protein-directed human RNA switch that regulates expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A in human monocytic cells (Ray, PS, et al. (rochester.edu)
  • We also identified a novel mRNA processing mechanism that expands human proteome at the posttranscriptional level and regulates gene expression (Yao, P, et al. (rochester.edu)
  • Gene expression" refers to the process by which a DNA sequence (i.e. a gene) is used to make a specific RNA or protein, while "epigenetics" refers to the ways phenotypes are impacted by factors other than genetic sequence (e.g. gene repression by chromatin packing). (umassmed.edu)
  • Here, we analyze the expression signature associated with all 687 RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and identify 39 that significantly correlate with cell cycle mRNAs. (iric.ca)
  • To characterize the change(s) in mRNA and protein expression of SIRT1-7 and their associated proteins in the brain of "physiologically" aged Wistar rats. (frontiersin.org)
  • We tested mRNA and protein expression levels of rat SIRT1-7, and the levels of associated proteins in the brain using RT-PCR and western blotting. (frontiersin.org)
  • SIRT3-5 expression declined significantly in the hippocampus and frontal lobe, associated with increases in superoxide and fatty acid oxidation levels, and acetylated CPS-1 protein expression, and a reduction in MnSOD level. (frontiersin.org)
  • While SIRT6 expression declines significantly with age acetylated H3K9 protein expression is increased throughout the brain. (frontiersin.org)
  • SIRT7 and Pol I protein expression increased in the frontal lobe. (frontiersin.org)
  • Also, using 311H as a reagent to trace the kinetic expression of EBV DNase proteins in EBV-infected Akata cells, the Western blotting results indicated that DNase antigen could be detected at 12 h postactivation. (karger.com)
  • Binding of this protein to CXCR3 results in pleiotropic effects, including stimulation of monocytes, natural killer and T-cell migration, and modulation of adhesion molecule expression. (cancerindex.org)
  • Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
  • Enhances transcriptional repression by coordinating the increase in H3K9me, the decrease in histone H3 'Lys-9 and 'Lys-14' acetylation (H3K9ac and H3K14ac, respectively) and the disposition of HP1 proteins to silence gene expression. (abcam.com)
  • Next, we have shown that CCN5 protein can induce expression of estrogen receptor-α (ER-α) in mammary epithelial cells. (ku.edu)
  • We found that mammary epithelium-specific overexpression of CCN5 in transgenic mice leads to an increase in ER-α expression and that this impact of CCN5 is not restricted to the normal cells. (ku.edu)
  • CCN5 treatment leads to an expression of functional ER-α in the TNBC cells, both in-vitro and in xenograft models, and sensitizes these cells to tamoxifen, commonly used for endocrine therapies. (ku.edu)
  • Initial observations indicate that CCN5 induces expression of P16INK4A and P19ARF, resulting in cell cycle arrest of the tumor cells. (ku.edu)
  • The fungal cell cyle is considered with respect to the mechanism of sequential gene expression in Candida albicans, since little is known about the cell cycle in pathogenic molds. (cdc.gov)
  • The ability to regulate transgene expression will be crucial for development of gene therapy to the brain. (lu.se)
  • Using toxin-induced lesions we investigated to what extent transgene expression could be regulated in accordance with the activation of the endogenous GFAP gene. (lu.se)
  • There are a number of hypothesized that regulating the transgene with a GFAP promoter in a different vectors that transduce cells in the brain in a slightly different viral vector would give rise to a high transgenic expression in the manner (for a review see, e.g. (lu.se)
  • These vectors have a number of appealing features including the expression by using the machinery of the host cell instead of depending abilities to ef®ciently transduce cells in the central nervous system, on recombinant regulatory proteins. (lu.se)
  • 2000). We of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in models of have recently reported that this vector directs transgene expression to Parkinson's disease (Georgievska et al. (lu.se)
  • An aspect of gene delivery to the brain that is currently being regulate the endogenous GFAP expression in a lesioned brain. (lu.se)
  • We, developed is the ability to regulate transgene expression. (lu.se)
  • Efforts have therefore, designed a study to compare the expression of green ¯uor- been made to develop systems based on different drugs or hormones escent protein (GFP) and GDNF under the control of the hGFAP including tetracycline, rapamycine and progestrone (Clackson, 2000). (lu.se)
  • Materials and methods approach to regulate transgenic expression. (lu.se)
  • Specifically, the boundary between G1 and S-phase is tightly regulated by the ubiquitin proteasome system. (intechopen.com)
  • Because p27 plays such a key role in controlling cell division, its activity is tightly regulated. (medlineplus.gov)
  • CYP26B1 belongs to the large cytochrome P450 (P450, CYP) superfamily of heme-containing proteins that catalyze a variety of oxidative reactions of a large number of structurally different endogenous and exogenous compounds in organisms from all major domains of life. (nih.gov)
  • Clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 harboring detectable intracellular SARS-CoV-2 RNA in peripheral blood cells. (google.com)
  • Excessive telomere elongation compromises telomere stability and promotes the formation of partially single-stranded telomeric DNA circles (C-circles) in hESCs, suggesting heightened sensitivity of stem cells to replication stress at overly long telomeres. (sens.org)
  • Curcumin Inhibits Rift Valley Fever Virus Replication in Human Cells. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • Curcumin treatment down regulates viral replication in the liver of infected animals. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • In this chapter, we mainly discuss the coordination regulations between DNA replication initiation and other cell cycle events that ensure genomic integrity. (intechopen.com)
  • DNA replication occurs once and only once per cell cycle mainly regulated by DNA replication initiation factors in eukaryotic cells. (intechopen.com)
  • We applied an assay that measures the stability of maintenance of an episomal plasmid in human tissue culture cells to screen for new DNA replication factors. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Understanding how DNA replication is regulated in human cells can provide insight into cancer development and may reveal vulnerabilities that can be exploited therapeutically. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) gammaherpesvirus with a poorly characterized lytic replication cycle. (bvsalud.org)
  • However, the lytic replication cycle of the alpha- and betaherpesviruses are well characterized. (bvsalud.org)
  • however, the mechanisms governing telomere length homeostasis in these cell types are unclear. (sens.org)
  • This study identifies previously unknown roles for sirtuins in regulating cellular homeostasis and healthy aging. (frontiersin.org)
  • Protein turnover is crucial in maintaining cellular homeostasis and this process is largely controlled by the Ubiquitin Proteasome Pathway (UPP). (soci.org)
  • The soil amoebae, Dictyostelium is employed and serves as a model system for examining the roles G proteins play in cell physiology. (umaine.edu)
  • This volume begins by discussing the cell wall which, besides its roles in pathogenesis, is now a practical drug target. (cdc.gov)
  • Using histopathology-guided discovery proteomics, we analyze neoplastic islands and stroma from the invasive tumor front (ITF) and inner tumor to identify differentially expressed proteins. (nature.com)
  • Recombinant protein encompassing a sequence within the center region of human RRM2. (novusbio.com)
  • RA is a critical signaling molecule that regulates gene transcription and the cell cycle. (nih.gov)
  • It controls the activity of many proteins in a cell by transferring phosphate chemical groups to these proteins. (nih.gov)
  • The addition of phosphate groups is a common mechanism used by cells to turn enzymes on and off. (nih.gov)
  • Present research aims to understand how covalent modification of Ga2 by phosphate, myristate and palmitate regulate Ga2 function. (umaine.edu)
  • Here, we describe a novel strategy to induce mis-segregation of specific chromosomes in different human cell types. (bvsalud.org)
  • The transcription factor Sp1 plays a key role in the activation of many cellular and viral gene promoters, including those that are regulated during the cell cycle. (nih.gov)
  • Bringing the cell cycle to a standstill after DNA damage occurs allows time for the cell's machinery to fix the errors before abnormal cells are generated. (nih.gov)
  • It helps regulate the cell cycle, which is the cell's way of replicating itself in an organized, step-by-step fashion. (medlineplus.gov)
  • What are the components of a cell's response system and how are these components regulated? (umaine.edu)
  • In Dictyostelium discoideum , a single G protein a-subunit, Ga2, controls entry into the developmental phase of the cell's life cycle. (umaine.edu)
  • In COAD cells, NEK6 was highly expressed, whereas miR-323a-3p was expressed at low levels and negatively regulated NEK6. (hindawi.com)
  • Using proteomics, we identify protein clusters associated with the NF45-NF90 complex, including components of Staufen-mediated mRNA decay (SMD). (iric.ca)
  • Other recent studies verified the presence of PAPP-A mRNA in granulosa cells of humans, monkeys, cattle, mice, and pigs. (bioone.org)
  • Some mutations impair the protein's ability to interact with regulatory proteins, while others lead to the production of an unstable version of p27 that is quickly broken down. (medlineplus.gov)
  • 17. These regulatory proteins stimulate the growth and division of cells. (classtools.net)
  • The activity of CDKs is controlled by their binding to coactivator subunits termed Cyclins, as well as by CDK inhibitory proteins termed CKIs. (intechopen.com)
  • The small protein ubiquitin plays a vital role in virtually all aspects of cellular life. (intechopen.com)
  • p53 E3 ubiquitin protein ligase homolog (Mdm2) is an important negative regulator of p53. (molvis.org)
  • He received his Ph.D. degree in the laboratory of Dr. En-Duo Wang in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology from Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology of Chinese Academy of Science in 2008, where he studied the structural and functional interplay of transfer RNA (tRNA) and tRNA synthetase in bacteria, yeast and human. (rochester.edu)
  • Mouse and human cells with non-functional ATM are also more sensitive to radiation. (nih.gov)
  • Patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), where the cancer cells do not express nuclear hormone receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), have worse survival rate compared to the patients with luminal subtypes of cancer. (ku.edu)
  • This protease activity has recently been ascribed to serine metalloprotease(s), including pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), which was first detected in human follicular fluid nearly 20 yr ago. (bioone.org)
  • The origins of these cancer type-specific karyotypes are still unknown, partly because introducing or eliminating specific chromosomes in human cells still poses a challenge. (bvsalud.org)
  • How do cells respond to extracellular stimuli? (umaine.edu)
  • It can very well be a state with higher energy than some intermediates, giving the protein intrinsic dynamic flexibility or induced dynamic response to stimuli. (biophysics.org)
  • This gene encodes a protein which binds to underphosphorylated but not phosphorylated pRB. (wikipedia.org)
  • Due to its key role in the eukaryotic cell cycles, Plk1 has been one of the most validated drug targets for cancer treatment. (nature.com)
  • The rapid protocol (RP) PathScan ® RP Phospho-Aurora A (Thr288) Sandwich ELISA Kit is a solid phase sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that detects endogenous levels of Aurora A protein phosphorylated at Thr288 in a reduced assay time of 1.5 hours. (cellsignal.com)
  • The vast majority of these cells did not divide, suggesting that the transgene was indeed regulated in a similar fashion as the endogenous GFAP gene. (lu.se)
  • Using antibodies specific for Sp1 and Sp3, we observe that both of these factors localize to the cell nucleus and have a similar, dispersed subnuclear distribution. (nih.gov)
  • Within cells, p27 is located primarily in the nucleus, where it plays a critical role in controlling cell growth and division. (medlineplus.gov)
  • All of these mutations reduce the amount of functional p27 that is available in the nucleus to regulate the cell cycle. (medlineplus.gov)
  • It has been reported that BMP promotes the self-renewal of both embryonic and somatic stem cells and that BMP signaling activity significantly decreases with age, thus we posit that BMP induction may improve the function of MDSCs. (pitt.edu)
  • The activity of NEK6 is enhanced in several cancer cells, including colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) cells. (hindawi.com)
  • The strong antiproliferative activity of p53 may have detrimental effects in normal cells if it is activated inappropriately. (molvis.org)
  • There are a large number of co-chaperones that are known to bind to Hsp90 and regulate its ATP hydrolysis and chaperoning activity. (biophysics.org)
  • Mechanistically, DSB-induced CIP2A-MDC1-TOPBP1 relocation is regulated by PLK1 but not by ATM activity. (bvsalud.org)
  • A balance between elongation and trimming regulates telomere stability in stem cells. (sens.org)
  • Here, we report that telomere length is determined by the balance between telomere elongation, which is mediated by telomerase, and telomere trimming, which is controlled by XRCC3 and Nbs1, homologous recombination proteins that generate single-stranded C-rich telomeric DNA and double-stranded telomeric circular DNA (T-circles), respectively. (sens.org)
  • These alterations could make tumors more sensitive to DNA damage and cell death radiation therapy for cancer," said senior author André Nussenzweig, Ph.D., senior investigator in NCI's Experimental Immunology Branch. (nih.gov)
  • The presence of neoplastic islands, classified as large or small according to the number of cells in the ITF, has been described as the most aggressive pattern compared to tumors with a more uniform growth pattern, as tumor invasion occurs in a more widespread manner as cellular islands or single cells 4 . (nature.com)
  • Here, we have shown that Cysteine-rich 61-Connective Tissue Growth Factor-nephroblastoma-overexpressed 5 (CCN5) induces growth arrest of TNBC cells in-vitro and in xenograft tumors. (ku.edu)
  • Small tumors have a greater percentage of actively dividing cells than do large tumors. (msdmanuals.com)
  • This theory holds that tumors arise from 1 of 2 undifferentiated stem cells: the excretory duct reserve cell or the intercalated duct reserve cell. (medscape.com)
  • Although curcumin has shown significant efficacy in cell culture studies, it has shown limited efficacy in clinical studies when administered in conventional oral formulations. (researchgate.net)
  • 5. What is the complex of DNA and protein called that forms a chromosome? (classtools.net)
  • This then leads to incorrect chromosome arrangement and segregation, resulting in cell division failure. (bvsalud.org)
  • Medulloblastoma cell line D341 was cultured and divided into control group, low dose group, medium dose group and high dose group. (ijpsonline.com)
  • If the damage cannot be accurately fixed, the cell may commit cellular suicide rather than lose control of growth. (nih.gov)
  • studies suggest that certain endocrine cells may be particularly dependent on the p27 protein to control cell division. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Like the mutations that cause multiple endocrine neoplasia type 4, these genetic changes reduce the amount of functional p27 available to control cell division. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Ovarian granulosa cells from a rat model of PCOS were assigned to control and si-Prok1 groups, after cell culture. (ajol.info)
  • Then, control lentivirus and Prok1 siRNA lentivirus (50 μL each) were added to the cells to the groups, respectively. (ajol.info)
  • 19. This is a disorder in which body cells lose the ability to control growth. (classtools.net)
  • However, the proteins needed for transcriptional control have been reported to be immunogenic and there is often a substantial leakage in the systems (Clackson, 2000). (lu.se)
  • The secretion of testosterone is regulated by luteinizing hormone (LH), and is subject to negative feedback via the pituitary and hypothalamus. (cdc.gov)
  • KRAS and YAP1 converge on the transcription factor FOS and activate a transcriptional program involved in regulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). (nih.gov)
  • In addition, Plk1 also prevented partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (pEMT) of tubular epithelial cells via autophagy pathway. (nature.com)
  • The lethality of mdm2 −/− mice before implantation makes it impossible to analyze Mdm2 interaction with p53 in vivo at specific times of development, at postnatal/adult stages, or in specific cell types. (molvis.org)
  • Our data point to the possibility that RVFV infection may result in the generation of novel versions of host components (such as IKK-β2) that by virtue of altered protein interaction and function, qualify as unique therapeutic targets. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • IGF2 , or insulin-like growth factor 2, is a paternally expressed protein-coding gene. (medscape.com)
  • This review summarizes evidence for the role of proteolytic enzymes that degrade and inactivate insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBP) during follicular development in mammals. (bioone.org)
  • mTOR also reduces the cell growth factors (eg, vascular endothelial growth factor) involved in new blood vessel development. (medscape.com)
  • In mammals, PTCH1 is an important inhibitor in the so-called hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway, whose downstream proteins can lead to cell growth. (medscape.com)
  • Initial exponential tumor growth is followed by a plateau phase when cell death nearly equals the rate of formation of daughter cells. (msdmanuals.com)