• This gene may be involved in signal transduction via regulated intramembrane proteolysis of membrane-tethered precursor proteins. (wikipedia.org)
  • Identification of proteins interacting with the mitochondrial small heat shock protein Hsp22 of Drosophila melanogaster: Implication in mitochondrial homeostasis. (nih.gov)
  • This result and other findings suggested that Mgr2p controls the lateral release of inner membrane proteins harboring a stop-transfer signal that follows an N-terminal amino acid signal. (frontiersin.org)
  • The biogenesis of most proteins in the mitochondrial matrix and the inner membrane relies on the function of the TIM23 complex. (frontiersin.org)
  • Mgr2p/Romo1 bridges TIM23 to the presequence translocase-associated motor (PAM) and is thought to regulate the lateral release of proteins harboring stop-transfer sequences. (frontiersin.org)
  • I use a variety of techniques to examine mitochondrial function (isolated mitochondria, permeabilized fibres, whole muscle incubations), use molecular biological approaches to up-and down-regulate mitochondrial proteins, as well exercise, altered nutrition and aerobic training to study novel regulation in mitochondrial bioenergetics. (uoguelph.ca)
  • Plasmodium early transcribed membrane proteins appear tailored to the host range of malaria parasites. (mpg.de)
  • Mitochondria-lysosome contact site tethering is mechanistically regulated by mitochondrial proteins promoting Rab7 GTP hydrolysis, and allows for the bidirectional crosstalk between mitochondria and lysosomes and the regulation of their organelle network dynamics, including mitochondrial fission. (nih.gov)
  • Reduced the function of proteins in the pancreatic cancer cell membranes that are responsible for pumping chemotherapy out of the cell, making the cells chemo-sensitive. (scienceblog.com)
  • The second major area of investigation is to understand the role of cytoskeleton proteins, desmin and vimentin in smooth muscle contraction and mitochondrial respiration. (jefferson.edu)
  • This can be offset by Bcl-2, which embedded within the mitochondrial membrane, acts to prevent untimely cell death by capturing and sequestering Bax proteins. (labmate-online.com)
  • Several proteins, such as spastin ( SPG4 ) and atlastin-1 ( SPG3A ), which shape membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum or endosomes, are known as such candidates. (medscape.com)
  • Macroautophagy is regulated by numerous cellular factors, including the Class III PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) Vps34 (vacuolar protein sorting 34). (nih.gov)
  • Presenilins-associated rhomboid-like protein, mitochondrial (PSARL), also known as PINK1/PGAM5-associated rhomboid-like protease (PARL), is an inner mitochondrial membrane protein that in humans is encoded by the PARL gene on chromosome 3. (wikipedia.org)
  • This gene encodes a mitochondrial integral membrane protein. (wikipedia.org)
  • Additionally, PARL is involved in apoptosis through its interactions with the mitochondrial GTPase optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) and the Bcl-2 family-related protein HAX1. (wikipedia.org)
  • Upon viral RNA recognition, antiviral signaling requires RIG-I redistribution from the cytosol to membranes where it binds the adaptor protein, MAVS. (duke.edu)
  • Here we identify the mitochondrial targeting chaperone protein, 14-3-3ε, as a RIG-I-binding partner and essential component of a translocation complex or 'translocon' containing RIG-I, 14-3-3ε, and the TRIM25 ubiquitin ligase. (duke.edu)
  • Predicted to be involved in protein import into mitochondrial matrix. (nih.gov)
  • Tim50 is a subunit of the TIM23 complex that links protein translocation across the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes. (nih.gov)
  • This dual sorting mechanism is currently being investigated, and in yeast appears to be regulated by a recently discovered subunit, the Mgr2 protein. (frontiersin.org)
  • Deletion of Mgr2p has been found to delay protein translocation into the matrix and accumulation in the inner membrane. (frontiersin.org)
  • The core of the TIM23 complex contains a pore that is essential for protein insertion into or translocation across the inner membrane. (frontiersin.org)
  • The gating of this protein-selective pore has been extensively studied in patch clamp experiments on isolated mitochondrial membranes. (frontiersin.org)
  • TSPO is a ubiquitous mitochondrial protein and is involved in numerous biological functions. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • 2010). Cytochrome c oxidase is regulated by modulations in protein expression and mitochondrial membrane phospholipid composition in estivating African lungfish. (uoguelph.ca)
  • The researchers discovered that reducing an outer mitochondrial membrane protein, FUN14 domain containing 1 (FUNDC1), in cardiac muscle cells , also known as cardiomyocytes, activates and worsens cardiac dysfunction . (medicalxpress.com)
  • Our study found the formation of MAMs mediated by the mitochondrial membrane protein FUNDC1 was significantly suppressed in patients with heart failure, which provides evidence that FUNDC1 and MAMs actively participate in the development of heart failure," said Dr. Ming-Hui Zou, director of the Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine at Georgia State and a Georgia Research Alliance Eminent Scholar in Molecular Medicine. (medicalxpress.com)
  • This protein regulates apoptosis through controlling mitochondrial fusion and fission. (biolegend.com)
  • It is regulated by the recruitment of the GTPase Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) by adaptors at actin- and endoplasmic reticulum-mediated mitochondrial constriction sites. (cam.ac.uk)
  • the Bax protein clears old or diseased cells by perforating the cell mitochondrial membrane to form pores that trigger cell death. (labmate-online.com)
  • A cleavage product of Polycystin-1 is a mitochondrial matrix protein that affects mitochondria morphology and function when heterologously expressed. (livecareer.com)
  • It is part of the m-AAA protease, an adenosine triphosphate (ATP) ̶ dependent proteolytic complex located at the mitochondrial inner membrane, which controls protein quality and regulates ribosome assembly. (medscape.com)
  • This gene provides instructions for producing a protein called wolframin that is thought to regulate the amount of calcium in cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The availability of cholesterol constitutes the rate-limiting step of steroidogenesis and is regulated by STARD1 which transfers cholesterol from the outer to the inner mitochondrial membrane 5 . (nature.com)
  • Within the cell, TSPO is predominantly located in mitochondria, specifically in the outer mitochondrial membrane. (uni-regensburg.de)
  • Outer mitochondrial membrane, nuclear membrane, endoplasmic reticulum membrane. (biolegend.com)
  • Mitochondrial fusion is driven by a two-step process with the outer mitochondrial membrane fusion mediated by mitofusins 1 and 2 followed by inner membrane fusion, mediated by optic atrophy 1. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) located at the mitochondrial outer membrane play a crucial role in regulating the metabolic and energetic functions of mitochondria and are primarily responsible for the ATP/ADP flux across the outer mitochondrial membrane. (jefferson.edu)
  • OPA1 mainly regulates mitochondrial fusion in the mitochondrial inner membrane, but after proteolytic cleavage by PARL, its short, soluble form contributes to inhibiting apoptosis by slowing down cytochrome c release, and thus, proapoptotic signaling. (wikipedia.org)
  • KEGG enrichment analysis showed that FO mainly regulates PI3K-AKT- and apoptosis-related signals, in which BBC3, DDIT3, NOXA, and CDKN1A on the surface serve as the novel targets of FO inducing HCC cell apoptosis. (hindawi.com)
  • The result implied that FO might exacerbate HCC cell apoptosis by regulating BBC3, DDIT3, CDKN1A, and NOXA signals. (hindawi.com)
  • We hypothesized that FO might regulate related genes in apoptosis and PI3K-AKT pathways to mediate the proliferation and apoptosis of liver cancer cells. (hindawi.com)
  • Their transient and rapid morphological adaptations are crucial for many cellular processes such as cell cycle, immunity, apoptosis and mitochondrial quality control. (cam.ac.uk)
  • They evaluated the mitochondria function of the cells treated with resveratrol, and also measured apoptosis (cell death), the level of reactive oxygen species in the cells, and how the cell membranes responded to the antioxidant. (scienceblog.com)
  • Further, AMP-17 treatment resulted in an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and changes in the cell cycle, leading to the apoptosis and necrosis, which ultimately contributed to the death of C. albicans cells. (researchsquare.com)
  • The finding builds on previous studies by the team on the molecular mechanism of membrane-bound Bcl-2 to inform a full understanding of the early stages of apoptosis. (labmate-online.com)
  • Moreover, we found that apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) was up-regulated and released from mitochondria to cytoplasm. (cdc.gov)
  • One of the underlying mechanisms of long COVID may be mitochondrial dysfunction. (mdpi.com)
  • Also, disrupting how FUNDC1 binds to a particular receptor inhibited the release of calcium from another cell structure, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), into the mitochondria of these cells and resulted in mitochondrial dysfunction, cardiac dysfunction and heart failure . (medicalxpress.com)
  • Mitochondrial and lysosomal function are intricately related and critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis, as highlighted by multiple diseases linked to dysfunction of both organelles. (nih.gov)
  • Lowering of mitochondrial activity and dysfunction are known to be closely related to cancer, aging, and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. (dojindo.com)
  • My long term goal of this project is to elucidate our understanding of the mechanism by which desmin and vimentin induces mitochondrial and muscle dysfunction under pathological conditions in smooth muscle. (jefferson.edu)
  • Mitochondrial dysfunction is the second process that leads to HSPs. (medscape.com)
  • A Syntenic Cross Species Aneuploidy Genetic Screen Links RCAN1 Expression to β-Cell Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes. (lu.se)
  • Alpha-Linolenic Acid Supplementation Prevents Exercise-Induced Improvements in White Adipose Tissue Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Whole-Body Glucose Homeostasis in Obese Zucker Rats. (uoguelph.ca)
  • Mitochondrial membranes are known to possess several ion channels which play a key role in maintaining and regulating ionic homeostasis. (osu.edu)
  • Calcium homeostasis is vital to a number of day-to-day cellular activities and is regulated primarily by mitochondria. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In addition to being considered a potent antioxidant, melatonin has also been found to play an important role in mitochondrial homeostasis. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Emerging evidence shows that DsbA-L plays an important role in antioxidative stress, promoting the synthesis and secretion of adiponectin and maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis, and the abnormalities of these functions are also closely related to the occurrence and development of metabolic diseases. (bvsalud.org)
  • These studies involve examination of membrane lipid and transporters as well as solute changes. (uoguelph.ca)
  • In addition to the role of membrane lipid composition, several members of the machinery can undergo post-translational modifications modulating these processes. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Simultaneous formation of membrane-destroying pores and Bax-lipid clusters. (labmate-online.com)
  • Here, we review the characteristics of pathological lesions of ORG and describe the roles of lipid metabolism disorders and mitochondrial oxidative stress in the development of ORG. (bvsalud.org)
  • Finally, we summarize the current available drugs or compounds for the treatment of ORG and suggested that ameliorating renal lipid metabolism and mitochondrial function may be potential therapeutic targets for ORG. (bvsalud.org)
  • The number of putative Regulators (genes that regulate it) and Targets (genes it regulates) for the given locus, based on experimental evidence. (yeastgenome.org)
  • Treatment with 200 mg/kg bodyweight C-PC (Group III) transcriptionally regulated the instability of the expression of these genes, thus ensuring C-PC is a prospective anticataractogenic agent that probably delays the onset and progression of cataractogenesis induced by sodium selenite. (molvis.org)
  • C-PC treatment possibly prevented cataractogenesis triggered by sodium selenite, by regulating the lens crystallin, redox genes, and apoptotic cascade mRNA expression and thus maintains lens transparency. (molvis.org)
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms controlling mitochondrial dynamics is crucial to decipher how mitochondrial shape meets the function and to increase the knowledge on the molecular basis of diseases associated with morphology defects. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Genetic and structural characterization of the human mitochondrial inner membrane translocase. (nih.gov)
  • Our current program is aimed at deciphering molecular identity of mitochondrial ion channels, establish their localization and biophysical properties, and study their role in mitochondrial as well as cell physiology. (osu.edu)
  • Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles undergoing coordinated cycles of fission and fusion, referred as 'mitochondrial dynamics', in order to maintain their shape, distribution and size. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Mitochondrial fission is a multi-step process allowing the division of one mitochondrion in two daughter mitochondria. (cam.ac.uk)
  • This article will describe an overview of the molecular mechanisms that govern mitochondrial fission and fusion in mammals. (cam.ac.uk)
  • My research during my post-doctoral training, which has continued during my faculty position, has been focused on using exercise and nutritional approaches to identify novel regulation in mitochondrial bioenergetics (aerobic respiration), and apply this knowledge to the study of various diseases. (uoguelph.ca)
  • My research is primarily focused on understanding the regulation of mitochondrial bioenergetics, with a particular interest in studying fatty acid oxidation (breakdown of fat yielding energy) in skeletal and cardiac muscle. (uoguelph.ca)
  • Nutrition and Training Influences on the Regulation of Mitochondrial Adenosine Diphosphate Sensitivity and Bioenergetics. (uoguelph.ca)
  • The dermal papilla regulates the growth of hair, which in humans occurs in unsynchronized cycles, with each hair entering a phase of the cycle at a different time. (antiaging-systems.com)
  • Mitochondria receive cholesterol from late endosomes and lysosomes (LE/LYSs) or from the plasma membrane for production of oxysterols and steroid hormones. (nature.com)
  • Recent work using high-resolution microscopy demonstrates the dynamic formation of inter-organelle membrane contact sites between mitochondria and lysosomes, allowing for their direct interaction in a pathway distinct from mitophagy or lysosomal degradation of mitochondrial-derived vesicles. (nih.gov)
  • Macroautophagy is a physiological cellular response to nutrient stress, which leads to the engulfment of cytosolic contents by a double-walled membrane structure, the phagophore. (nih.gov)
  • Problems with mitochondrial DNA can therefore lead to a cellular energy defect and mitochondrial disease. (umu.se)
  • Over the years, characterization and functional studies have revealed the complexity of ROS as signaling molecules that regulate various physiological cellular responses or whose levels are altered in various diseases. (degruyter.com)
  • Impaired cellular membrane trafficking, more particularly, axonal transport of macromolecules and organelles, is the best-characterized genetic mechanism of HSP. (medscape.com)
  • Mitochondrial desmin and vimentin interacts with the VDAC and this interaction disrupts VDAC/MtCK/ANT complex formation, thereby inhibiting the ATP synthesis and promoting ROS production under pathological conditions in smooth muscle. (jefferson.edu)
  • To gain further insights, the team used the neutron reflectometry capability of the advanced ISIS Surf and Offspec instruments, enabling them to study in real time how BAX interacts with lipids in the mitochondrial membrane. (labmate-online.com)
  • Mitochondrial condition in the carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazine (CCCP) treated Parkin-expressing HeLa cells was compared with untreated cells using Mitophagy Detection Kit (MD01, MT02) and JC-1 MitoMP Detection Kit (MT09). (dojindo.com)
  • Mitophagy was not detected in untreated cells and the membrane potential was normal. (dojindo.com)
  • However, reduction of membrane potential and mitophagy were observed in treated cells. (dojindo.com)
  • Sodium Nitrate Supplementation Alters Mitochondrial H 2 O 2 Emission but Does Not Improve Mitochondrial Oxidative Metabolism in the Heart of Healthy Rats. (uoguelph.ca)
  • The membrane and metabolic alterations during metabolic arrest in terrestrial snails and African lungfish are also of interest since these organisms undergo a reduction in metabolism at a constant temperature (estivation). (uoguelph.ca)
  • Membranes and metabolism of fishes. (uoguelph.ca)
  • Predicted to be part of TIM23 mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase complex. (nih.gov)
  • This dyad is found deep below the membrane surface, which indicates that the hydrolysis of peptide bonds occurs within the hydrophobic phospholipid bilayer membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mitochondrial dynamics: overview of molecular mechanisms. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Mutations in the core machinery components and defects in mitochondrial dynamics have been associated with numerous human diseases. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Exercise-Induced Reductions in Mitochondrial ADP Sensitivity Contribute to the Induction of Gene Expression and Mitochondrial Biogenesis Through Enhanced Mitochondrial H 2 O 2 Emission. (uoguelph.ca)
  • MAMs play a major role in regulating the transfer of calcium between ER and mitochondria. (medicalxpress.com)
  • For calcium to enter mitochondria, it passes through a channel known as the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU), which resides in the inner mitochondrial membrane where it stimulates the production of ATP, the energy currency of the cell. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The amount of calcium that mitochondria take up is regulated by various components of this channel. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Just like an emergency responder, MCUB moves in and tries to reduce cell death and aid cell survival -- however, the reduction in mitochondrial calcium uptake is also maladaptive and limits the cell's ability to increase energy during stress. (sciencedaily.com)
  • We think that modulating MCUB may allow us to tune down mitochondrial calcium uptake without completely inhibiting all energetic function. (sciencedaily.com)
  • It is hoped that follow-up studies defining the exact sites of molecular interaction will provide additional insight into how to target mitochondrial calcium overload in heart disease. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Inner mitochondrial membrane constriction has been proposed to be an independent process regulated by calcium influx. (cam.ac.uk)
  • The TIM23 complex is a hub for translocation of preproteins into or across the mitochondrial inner membrane. (frontiersin.org)
  • These results suggest that Mgr2p regulates the gating behavior of the TIM23 channel. (frontiersin.org)
  • which underlies the importance of TIM23 to mitochondrial function. (frontiersin.org)
  • The catabolic processes regulated by mTORC1 control autophagy via a number of effector regulatory pathways [ 18 , 19 ]. (aging-us.com)
  • Unsensitized animals challenged with TMA exhibited also an increased number of macrophages in BAL, but gene expression in the above-mentioned gene pathways was unchanged or down-regulated. (cdc.gov)
  • Some mitochondrial DNA mutations predispose to aminoglycoside ototoxicity. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Predicted to be integral component of mitochondrial inner membrane. (nih.gov)
  • Tim50, a component of the mitochondrial translocator, regulates mitochondrial integrity and cell death. (nih.gov)
  • My group works on various aspects of mitochondrial DNA stability, and on how problems with mitochondrial DNA are signalled to the rest of the cell. (umu.se)
  • Dr. Elrod's team also found that, while it can improve cell survival after heart injury, increased MCUB activity comes at the expense of mitochondrial energy production. (sciencedaily.com)
  • This is the first time that scientists have found direct evidence of the involvement of mitochondrial lipids during membrane perturbing in cell-death initiated by Bax. (labmate-online.com)
  • This study was designed to examine the constrictive potential of C-Phycocyanin (C-PC) in regulating changes imposed on gene expression in the selenite-induced cataract model. (molvis.org)
  • Innate immunity resides in the skin, mucous membranes, polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells, complement system, and a select group of cells that possess cytotoxic capabilities. (medscape.com)
  • Sex-Differences in Mitochondrial Respiratory Function in Human Skeletal Muscle. (uoguelph.ca)
  • Our immediate interest is on studying mitochondrial ion channels and their relation to heart function and heart failure. (osu.edu)
  • Depolarized the mitochondrial membranes, which indicates a decrease in the cell's potential to function. (scienceblog.com)
  • As the engine that maintains blood circulation, the heart is also an endocrine organ that regulates the function of distant target organs by secreting a series of cardiokines. (bvsalud.org)
  • I lead a research group that focuses on mitochondrial DNA and the molecular mechanisms that mediate the signaling of its instability. (umu.se)
  • A thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms that mediate these signals relates to various hereditary mitochondrial diseases, but also to neurodegenerative disease and various types of cancers. (umu.se)
  • Our group has discovered that the Chloride Intracellular Channel 5 (CLIC5) localizes to the inner membrane of cardiac mitochondria whereas CLIC4 is present in both membranes. (osu.edu)
  • We are now focused on understanding the role of CLIC4 and CLIC5 in cardiac mitochondrial physiology. (osu.edu)
  • Molecular identity and Physiological role of mitochondrial potassium channels. (osu.edu)
  • Electron cryoEM structures of mitochondrial, chloroplast, and bacterial ATP synthases have revealed the architecture of the FO region, helping to explain the mechanisms of proton translocation, dimerization of the enzyme in mitochondria, and cristae formation. (tcdb.org)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: The mitochondrial targeting chaperone 14-3-3ε regulates a RIG-I translocon that mediates membrane association and innate antiviral immunity. (duke.edu)