Regulated by mirnas knockdown regulating the expression micro rna that regulates. Medical search. Frequent questions

Emerging evidence indicates that Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in tumor progression, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). (biomedcentral.com)
Pseudogene, a subclass of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), are considered as genomic loci that resemble real gene, but lost some functionality because they are lack of protein-coding ability because of disabling mutation, lack of transcription, or their inability to encode RNA [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Noncoding RNAs, including circRNAs, microRNAs, and lncRNAs, have become a significant focus of research attention due to their crucial role in regulating the progression of multiple malignancies [ 5 ], including bladder cancer, gastric cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and pancreatic cancer. (hindawi.com)
We highlight the role of SE-driven genes, enhancer RNAs (eRNAs), lncRNAs, and miRNAs in the digestive system tumor growth and progression. (ijbs.com)
In this review, we focus on the impact of ncRNA post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, especially those of microRNAs and lncRNAs, in RA signalling pathways during differentiation and disease. (mdpi.com)
Bioinformatics algorithms including miRCODE ( http://www.mircode.org/ ) suggest that miRNAs can interact with lncRNAs. (biomedcentral.com)
A series of studies indicate that lncRNAs serve as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) by sponging miRNAs, and modulate the targets of miRNAs [ 15 , 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Stably introduced into cancer cell lines, the system reports on elevated endogenous ADAR1 editing activity induced by interferon as well as knockdown of ADAR1 and ADAR2. (cancerindex.org)
In most cases, circRNAs usually act as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) that can absorb miRNAs to regulate the expression of targeted genes [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
The fact that and are up-regulated in HCC led us to hypothesize that normal and expressions are balanced by endogenous miR-31, which selectively regulates and mRNA translation in normal hepatic liver cells. (nos-nop.org)
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a series of endogenous non-coding RNAs with a covalently closed loop structure ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Mechanistically, PTTG3P upregulated the expression of miR-383 targets Cyclin D1 (CCND1) and poly ADP-ribose polymerase 2 (PARP2) by sponging miR-383, acting as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA). (biomedcentral.com)

Rationale: Formation and remodeling of the vasculature during development and disease involves a highly conserved and precisely regulated network of attractants and repellants. (ca.gov)
Methods and Results: We show that the highly conserved microRNA family encoding miR-10 regulates the behavior of endothelial cells during angiogenesis by positively titrating pro-angiogenic signaling. (ca.gov)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are highly conserved, single-stranded, small non-coding RNAs that have been shown to act as essential regulators of gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. (frontiersin.org)

Consequently, we hypothesized that some cancer-driver genes targeted by miR-31 are up-regulated in HCC as miR-31 was down-regulated in Anisole Methoxybenzene HCC. (nos-nop.org)
ADARs have been shown to contribute to disease pathologies by editing of glutamate receptors, editing of serotonin receptors, mutations in ADAR genes, and by other mechanisms, including recently identified regulatory roles in microRNA processing. (biomedcentral.com)
The multistep transformation of normal cells into malignant cells involves genetic and epigenetic alterations that promote the aberrant expression of critical oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes [ 1 , 2 ]. (ijbs.com)
Identification of miRNA-regulated targeting genes is important for understanding their specific biological functions [ 11 ]. (degruyter.com)
Moreover, down-regulation of let-7c expression is accompanied by up-regulation of Bcl-2 expression and down-regulation of Bax expression, both of which are the downstream genes of HSP70. (molcells.org)
Connecting microRNA genes to the core transcriptional regulatory circuitry of embryonic stem cells. (nature.com)
qPCR and Western blot were used to analyze LncRNA PTTG3P, miR-383 and other target genes' expression. (biomedcentral.com)

These miRNAs which targeted β -catenin mRNA were confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter system and RNA-pulldown. (hindawi.com)
The binding sites of miR-128-3p and TGFBR2 were predicted by Targetscan online software and confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. (degruyter.com)

However, little is known regarding the role of miRNAs in mediating this process. (molcells.org)
Here, we investigated the functional regulatory role of miRNAs in the pain process and its interplay with CXCR4 and its downstream signaling. (biomedcentral.com)

The core transcription regulatory loop of the digestive system tumors is complex and a high density of transcription regulatory complexes in the SEs and the crosstalk between SEs and the noncoding RNAs. (ijbs.com)
Aberrant changes in epigenetic mechanisms regulating DNA methylation, histone methylation and acetylation, expression of noncoding RNAs, and mRNA methylation are associated with the initiation, growth, and progression of digestive system tumors [ 2 , 4 ]. (ijbs.com)
In the current study, the investigators focused their sights on short noncoding RNAs or microRNAs (miRNAs), which are well-known inhibitors of gene expression. (genengnews.com)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a kind of small noncoding RNAs that regulate the expression of protein through targeting the 3′UTR of messenger RNA (mRNA), resulting in mRNA degradation or suppression of translation [ 5 ]. (degruyter.com)
MiRNAs are approximately 19- to 25-nucleotide estimated about 250,000 and mortality does not appear single-stranded, noncoding RNAs that exist in both to correlate well with prevalence. (cdc.gov)

A-to-I RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification that converts adenosines to inosines in both coding and noncoding RNA transcripts. (biomedcentral.com)
Eukaryotic RNA transcripts can undergo a range of post-transcriptional modifications, which increase the diversity of the transcriptome without requiring increases in genome size. (biomedcentral.com)
RNA editing refers to post-transcriptional processes that alter the nucleotide sequence of an RNA transcript by insertion, deletion or nucleotide conversion. (biomedcentral.com)
Various signaling pathways control the behavior of endothelial cells, but their post-transcriptional dose-titration by miRNAs is poorly understood. (ca.gov)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) negatively regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally by binding to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of the target mRNA sequences and have been shown to be involved in various types of cancers. (biomedcentral.com)

ADAR3 contains an arginine-rich domain, shown in pink, which binds single-stranded RNA. (biomedcentral.com)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNA, 20-22 nucleotides in length. (molcells.org)

It is catalyzed by ADAR (adenosine deaminase acting on RNA) enzymes, which exist throughout the body but are most prevalent in the central nervous system. (biomedcentral.com)
A-to-I editing, which is catalyzed by enzymes of the adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR) family, is most prevalent in the central nervous system (CNS) but occurs in many tissues [ 1 - 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a form of noncoding and closed loop RNA molecules and play vital roles in the progression of various types of cancer in humans. (hindawi.com)

metastatic potential of HCC cells by selectively regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulatory proteins such as N-cadherin, E-cadherin, vimentin and fibronectin. (nos-nop.org)

By transporting "cargos" such as proteins, RNAs, DNAs, and lipids [ 26 ], exosomes regulate the eventual fate of recipient cells. (hindawi.com)
HCC tissues derived from chemical-induced rat liver cancer models validated that miR-31 manifestation is significantly down-regulated, and that those cell cycle- and EMT-regulatory proteins are deregulated in rat liver cancer. (nos-nop.org)
Overall, we suggest that miR-31 functions like a tumor suppressor by selectively regulating cell cycle and EMT regulatory proteins in human being hepatocarcinogenesis providing a novel target FANCG for the molecular treatment of liver malignancies. (nos-nop.org)
1) Characterize novel families of oncoproteins (Pbx and Meis) that dimerize with and regulate the DNA binding properties of Hox proteins. (stanford.edu)
We also identified miRNAs that bind to receptor proteins, such as ACE2, ADAM17, and TMPRSS2, which are important for understanding the infection mechanism of SARS-CoV-2. (molcells.org)

Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
As demonstrated in Fig. ?Fig.2B,2B, knockdown augmented HDAC2 and CDK2 protein expressions in SNU-449 and SKHep-1 cells, whereas co-transfection of miR-31 mimics attenuated knockdown effect on the same cells. (nos-nop.org)
Genetic experiments in zebrafish revealed that miR-10 functions, in part, by directly regulating the level of a protein called FLT1, which inhibits the behavior of endothelial cells that promotes new blood vessel growth. (ca.gov)
We found that miR-10 functions, in part, by directly regulating the level of fms-related tyrosine kinase 1 (FLT1), a cell-surface protein that sequesters VEGF, and its soluble splice variant sFLT1. (ca.gov)
The increase in FLT1/sFLT1 protein levels upon miR-10 knockdown in zebrafish and in HUVECs inhibited the angiogenic behavior of endothelial cells largely by antagonizing VEGF receptor-2 signaling. (ca.gov)
Abnormal expression of 5-Lipoxygenase Activating Protein (FLAP) has been detected in many tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
We demonstrated that miR-146a expression is overexpressed, while FLAP protein and mRNA are suppressed in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and HepG2 cells compared to para-carcinoma tissues and HL-7702 cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Further investigation has identified heat shock protein 70 as a direct target of let-7c and has demonstrated that the expression of HSP70 in fibroblasts is negatively correlated with let-7c levels. (molcells.org)
Additionally, miR-23a knockdown or CXCR4 overexpression in naïve mice could increase the thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), which was associated with induction of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. (biomedcentral.com)
Although more and animals and plants and regulate gene/protein expression more progressions have been made about the through direct complementarity between their 5' region pathogenesis of asthma in recent years, the increasing and the 3' untranslated region of target mRNAs. (cdc.gov)
As binding of miRNAs to a target mRNA may result in an airway inflammatory disease closely correlates with either mRNA degradation or inhibition of protein immune regulation, more and more evidences suggest translation.1 More than 2000 miRNAs have been discovered in humans. (cdc.gov)

The results of these analyses revealed that the differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs participate in multiple biological processes, such as gene expression, synthesis of biomolecules, cell development, differentiation, and signal transduction, among others. (hindawi.com)
Moreover, we found that these differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs connect osteogenic differentiation to processes such as axon guidance, MAPK signaling, and Wnt signaling. (hindawi.com)
This study confirms that alterations in the expression of exosomal miRNAs can promote osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs, which also provides the foundation for further research on the regulatory functions of exosomal miRNAs in the context of ADSC osteogenesis. (hindawi.com)
Most of these paracrine secretions include soluble factors and exosomes, which regulate the repair and regeneration processes at sites of damage by affecting cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation [ 22 , 23 ]. (hindawi.com)
Our research focuses on developmental pathways that regulate hematopoietic cell growth and differentiation and are disrupted in the course of neoplastic transformation, particularly in leukemias and lymphomas. (stanford.edu)
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway is a multifunctional cytokine and plays important roles in regulating cell proliferation, cell cycle, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis in a broad spectrum of tissues [ 12 ]. (degruyter.com)
MicroRNAs not only participate in determining DCs phenotype and then naive T lymphocyte differentiation, but also participate in the regulation of airway inflammation and airway remodeling in asthma. (cdc.gov)

In conclusion, the present study indicated that propofol inhibited the proliferation and invasion, but enhanced the apoptosis of GC cells by regulating the circ‑PVT1/miR‑195‑5p/ETS1 axis. (spandidos-publications.com)
Peng and Zhang ( 8 ) indicated that propofol inhibited proliferation, but induced apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells by regulating matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2 ( 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
In the present study, we show that let-7c miRNA is decreased in heat-denatured fibroblasts and that inhibiting let-7c expression leads to the increased proliferation and migration of dermal fibroblasts, whereas the overexpression of let-7c exerts an opposite effect. (molcells.org)
Notably, the knockdown of HSP70 by HSP70 siRNA apparently abrogates the stimulatory effect of let-7c inhibitor on heat-denatured fibroblasts proliferation and migration. (molcells.org)
Functional experiments demonstrated that knockdown of PTTG3P inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and promoted cell apoptosis, acting as an oncogene. (biomedcentral.com)

In conclusion, our work reveals the impacts of circIFT80 as ceRNA in the progression of CRC, by which sponging miR-142, miR-568, and miR-634 enhanced the expression levels of β -catenin and activation Wnt/ β -catenin pathway. (hindawi.com)

In the case of RNA molecules that bind target RNA segments, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), the altered base pairing can change binding specificities. (biomedcentral.com)
miRNAs and CXCR4 and its downstream signaling molecules were measured in the spinal cords of mice with sciatic nerve injury via partial sciatic nerve ligation (pSNL). (biomedcentral.com)

The double-stranded (ds)RNA-binding domains, shown in purple, determine substrate specificity. (biomedcentral.com)

The mir-34/449 family consists of six homologous miRNAs at three genomic loci. (nature.com)

The objective of this study is to identify microRNAs-small, non-coding RNAs that help control gene expression-that contribute to the regulation of new blood vessel formation. (ca.gov)
MicroRNAs participate in the regulation of asthma, the goal of this study is to summarize recent researches on the roles of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of asthma. (cdc.gov)
Zhang et al cytokines, mediators and signals and closely related to demonstrated that microRNA let-7i was upregulated immune regulation. (cdc.gov)
DC demonstrated that miRNAs participate in airway maturation, while downregulation of let-7i significantly inflammatory regulation in asthma. (cdc.gov)
miRNAs are a family of small non-coding RNAs that emerged as significant and versatile regulators involved in regulation of immune responses. (frontiersin.org)
Growing evidence show that miRNAs play an important role in the regulation of immunity and inflammation. (frontiersin.org)
He, L. & Hannon, G. J. MicroRNAs: small RNAs with a big role in gene regulation. (nature.com)

They first searched for miRNAs that, when overexpressed in fat tissue, affected feeding behavior, and second for the gene targets of those miRNAs. (genengnews.com)
Furthermore, microRNAs are also shown to be targets for asthma therapy in the future. (cdc.gov)
Understanding the roles of Asthma is a worldwide problem, the prevalence of miRNAs in asthma pathogenesis may also aid to asthma ranged from 1% to 18% of the population in explore new therapeutic targets. (cdc.gov)

Recently, the molecular mechanisms of miRNA in host-pathogen interaction networks have been extensively studied in mammals, whereas the underlying regulatory mechanisms in fish are still poorly understood. (frontiersin.org)

The results of the present study indicate that microRNAs play important roles in regulating asthma immune responses. (cdc.gov)

The aberrant expression of miRNAs is associated with the pathogenesis of sepsis. (degruyter.com)
Increasing evidence has suggested that the dysregulation of miRNAs is associated with the pathogenesis of sepsis. (degruyter.com)

While scientists have often surmised that there must be some level of communication between adipose tissue and the brain, to regulate feeding behavior and monitor the energy reserves, the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. (genengnews.com)

It has been reported that lung cancer cells exhibit upregulated expression of all key glycolytic enzymes [hexokinase 2 (HK2), phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase (PK)] ( 13 ), suggesting that the essential enzymes of the aerobic glycolytic pathway have a critical role in the development of lung carcinoma. (spandidos-publications.com)

Thus, to support our hypothesis Anisole Methoxybenzene that HDAC2 and CDK2 expressions are controlled by miR-31 in HCC cell lines, we introduced specific siRNAs to block miRNA biogenesis in HCC cells. (nos-nop.org)
Du, T. & Zamore, P. D. microPrimer: the biogenesis and function of microRNA. (nature.com)

Altogether, our findings elucidate conserved cellular and molecular mechanisms through which miR-34/449 regulate motile ciliogenesis. (nature.com)

Additionally, the A-to-I conversion alters base pairing, because inosine pairs preferentially with cytidine, and this potentially affects the secondary structure of the RNA. (biomedcentral.com)
Additionally, the treatment with propofol could lead to decreased circ‑PVT1 expression in GC cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
Additionally, the effects of transfection with circ‑PVT1 small interfering RNA (si‑circ‑PVT1) on HGC‑27 and AGS cells could be reversed by treatment with miR‑195‑5p inhibitor. (spandidos-publications.com)

miRNAs induce gene degradation and suppression of translation, or both, mainly by imperfect binding to miRNA recognition elements (MREs) within the 3′-untranslated region (UTR) of target mRNAs ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)

Knockdown of miR-10 led to premature truncation of intersegmental vessel growth (ISV) in the trunk of zebrafish larvae, while overexpression of miR-10 promoted angiogenic behavior in zebrafish and cultured human umbilical venous endothelial cells (HUVECs). (ca.gov)
Overexpression of miR-128-3p or knockdown of TGFBR2 ameliorated LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis. (degruyter.com)
In particular, inhibition of TXNIP reversed pain behavior elicited by pSNL, miR-23a knockdown, or CXCR4 overexpression. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, miR-23a overexpression or CXCR4 knockdown inhibited the increase of TXNIP and NLRP3 inflammasome in pSNL mice. (biomedcentral.com)

Upregulated miR-21 suppresses LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine expression by targeting IL-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4), thereby avoiding excessive inflammatory responses. (frontiersin.org)
Thus, to maintain a balance between host preservation and inflammatory pathology, the immune response and inflammation need to be tightly regulated. (frontiersin.org)

In our research, microRNAs (miRNAs) binding to the genome sequences of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and SARS-CoV-2 were identified by bioinformatic tools. (molcells.org)

We perform a targeted genetic screen in Drosophila melanogaster and identify a role for the enzymatic cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) in regulating ad libitum feeding behavior in fruit flies," the authors wrote. (genengnews.com)
Our study indicates fat tissue sends a molecular signal to the fly brain to regulate feeding behavior," concluded senior study investigator Walton Jones, Ph.D., assistant professor at KAIST. (genengnews.com)

Most Caenorhabditis elegans microRNAs are individually not essential for development or viability. (nature.com)

A-to-I editing is a mechanism that regulates and diversifies the transcriptome, but the full biological significance of ADARs is not understood. (biomedcentral.com)

Transactivation of miR-34a by p53 broadly influences gene expression and promotes apoptosis. (nature.com)

The seed region in miRNAs, approximately six nucleotides long, recognizes and binds to the complementary binding site of the target mRNA 3'untranslated region (3'UTR) to regulate its expression. (molcells.org)

Five miRNAs (hsa-miR-15a-5p, hsa-miR-15b-5p, hsa-miR-195-5p, hsa-miR-16-5p, and hsa-miR-196a-1-3p) were found to commonly bind to SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2. (molcells.org)

SEs are defined as large clusters of active enhancers in large clusters that are enriched with high levels of transcription factors (TFs), master co-factors, mediator complexes, RNA polymerase II (RNA pol II), and epigenetic modifications [ 5 , 7 ]. (ijbs.com)

In mammals, the most prevalent form of RNA editing involves the conversion of adenosine to inosine (A-to-I) by hydrolytic deamination at the C6 position of adenine (Figure 1 a) [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

2) We have discovered a group of oncoproteins that are implicated in long-term maintenance of gene expression through their effects on the state of chromatin. (stanford.edu)

Luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down assay were carried out to detect the interaction between miR-383 and LncRNA PTTG3P. (biomedcentral.com)

miR-10 Regulates the Angiogenic Behavior of Zebrafish and Human Endothelial Cells by Promoting VEGF Signaling. (ca.gov)
We show that a microRNA called miR-10 regulates the behavior of endothelial cells during blood vessel formation by encouraging signals that promote blood vessel growth. (ca.gov)

Lee, R. C., Feinbaum, R. L. & Ambros, V. The C. elegans heterochronic gene lin-4 encodes small RNAs with antisense complementarity to lin-14 . (nature.com)

Anatomy5

Organisms2

Chemicals and Drugs28

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment9

Phenomena and Processes25

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science2

Long Non-Codi2

LncRNAs5

Endogenous5

Highly conserved3

Genes7

Confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter2

Role of miRNAs2

Noncoding RNAs5

Post-transcriptional4

Negatively regulate1

Single-stranded1

Nucleotides in length1

Adenosine Deaminase2

Circular RNAs1

Epithelial-mesenchyma1

Proteins5

Protein11

Differentiation7

Proliferation5

CeRNA1

Molecules2

Substrate Specificity1

Genomic loci1

Regulation7

Targets3

Regulatory1

Roles1

Pathogenesis2

Underlying molecular mechanisms1

Pathway1

Biogenesis2

Mechanisms1

Additionally3

Degradation1

Overexpression4

Inflammatory2

Genome1

Feeding behavior2

Caenorhabditis1

Transcriptome1

Apoptosis1

3'UTR1

Bind1

Epigenetic1

Inosine1

Chromatin1

Reporter1

Endothelial2

Small1