Regulate bacterial transcription. Medical search. Frequent questions

Similar to other taxa, bacteria experience bursts of transcription. (wikipedia.org)
In bacteria, transcription and translation can occur simultaneously in the cytoplasm of the cell, whereas in eukaryotes transcription occurs in the nucleus and translation occurs in the cytoplasm. (wikipedia.org)
Overall, transcription within bacteria is a highly regulated process that is controlled by the integration of many signals at a given time. (wikipedia.org)
Bacteria heavily rely on transcription and translation to generate proteins that help them respond specifically to their environment. (wikipedia.org)
Bacteria dynamically regulate cell size and growth to thrive in changing environments. (nature.com)
An important factor of bacterial virulence is the formation of biofilms which are aggregates of microorganisms incorporated into an extracellular matrix that protects bacteria from hostile environments. (usp.br)
In this study, microcosm experiments were established to profile transcriptional activity of As(V)-respiring gene (arrA) and arsenic resistance gene (arsC) as well as the associated bacteria regulated by lactate and/or biochar in anaerobic arsenic-contaminated paddy soils. (researchwithrutgers.com)
Each repressor targets a specific co-regulated group of genes by recognizing a specific sequence of DNA, called the operator in bacteria . (proteopedia.org)
The findings, reported in the current issue of the journal Cell , suggest that bacteria rely on a key protein in order to properly regulate gene expression -- a process fundamental to cell survival. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
In recent work, Artsimovitch and her colleagues discovered that ppGpp regulates gene expression by controlling amino acid production in bacteria. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
The molecular mechanisms that bacteria use to regulate gene activity. (jinnah.edu)
The ways bacteria regulate enzyme activity. (jinnah.edu)
Microbial dysbiosis in IBD is associated with a reduction in bacterial diversity, with colonization by pathogenic bacteria deranging the stability of the entire bacterial community [ 14 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Ultimately, IFNGR1 mediated signaling regulates several biological processes including innate and acquired immune response, apoptosis and cell cycle progression. (rndsystems.com)
MKP-1 controls the expression of numerous inflammatory genes and transcription factors, thereby regulating innate and adaptive immunity. (cmich.edu)

To understand the dynamics of bacterial growth physiology and size control in dynamic nutrient environments, we have developed a coarse-grained proteome sector model which connects gene expression to growth rate and division control, and accurately predicts the cell-level E. coli response to nutrient perturbations in both exponential and stationary phase seen in experimental data 5 , 25 . (nature.com)
To establish synthetic gene circuits capable of predictably regulating gene expression in plants, scientists adapted a large collection of bacterial gene regulators for use as synthetic activators or repressors of gene expression in plants, also known as transcription factors. (energy.gov)
Using a transient expression system, the researchers demonstrated that the synthetic transcription factors and their target DNA sequences (promoters) are able to direct specific and tunable control of gene expression. (energy.gov)
Clearly, interspecies bacterial communication influences the regulation of gene expression. (asmblog.org)
Further investigation into how the common organism Escherichia coli regulates gene expression has given scientists new ideas for designing antibiotics that might drastically reduce a bacterium's ability to resist drugs. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
The current study suggests that DksA is the glue that holds together two key components of bacterial gene expression -- a molecule called ppGpp and an enzyme called RNA polymerase. (infectioncontroltoday.com)
RNA polymerase carries out transcription, the first step in gene expression. (infectioncontroltoday.com)

A drug used to treat or prevent bacterial infections. (ebi.ac.uk)
By expanding knowledge about seaweed-bacterium interactions and about the integrated defensive system in seaweeds, this work offers the basis for the development of tools to increase the resistance of cultured seaweeds to bacterial infections. (asm.org)
Studies have shown an inverse relationship between vitamin D levels and the incidence of several infections, including influenza, respiratory infections, HIV, and bacterial vaginosis. (holtorfmed.com)
MKP-1-deficient animals exhibit aberrant metabolic responses following bacterial infections with a markedly increased mortality in response to sepsis. (cmich.edu)
The resulting immune system abnormalities make people with AD-HIES highly susceptible to infections, particularly bacterial and fungal infections of the lungs and skin. (medlineplus.gov)

Staphylococcal infection severity is based on host factors and bacterial pathogenesis ( 10 ). (cdc.gov)
To date how such force is sensed in host cells and contribute to bacterial pathogenesis has been poorly explored. (anr.fr)

Genes are transcriptional units, and include bacterial operons. (yeastgenome.org)
As transcription of many genes and operons responds to environmental changes and as these are often mediated by chromatin proteins, it is expected that 1) the architectural interplay of such proteins and/or 2) their direct response to physicochemical changes determines loop formation and dissolution leading to altered transcription levels. (universiteitleiden.nl)

Although their functions have not been extensively investigated, some sRNAs are known to regulate virulence factors. (cdc.gov)
Most of this regulation is carried out directly by transcription factors that modulate the activity of promoters aimed at expressing virulence factors. (usp.br)

Bacterial transcription is the process in which a segment of bacterial DNA is copied into a newly synthesized strand of messenger RNA (mRNA) with use of the enzyme RNA polymerase. (wikipedia.org)
Bacterial RNA polymerase is made up of four subunits and when a fifth subunit attaches, called the σ-factor, the polymerase can recognize specific binding sequences in the DNA, called promoters. (wikipedia.org)
Transcription is carried out by RNA polymerase but its specificity is controlled by sequence-specific DNA binding proteins called transcription factors. (wikipedia.org)
There is only one type of bacterial RNA polymerase whereas eukaryotes have 3 types. (wikipedia.org)
Initiation of transcription requires promoter regions, which are specific nucleotide consensus sequences that tell the σ-factor on RNA polymerase where to bind to the DNA. (wikipedia.org)
Bacterial RNA polymerase (RNA Pol) can initiate transcription in vitro by accepting nucleotide metabolites capped with flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), uridine diphosphate glucose (UDP-Glc), and uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc). (biosyn.com)
Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that incubating S. mutans with the berry polyphenolic fraction was associated with a reduced expression of luxS gene, which regulates quorum sensing in S. mutans. (cranberryinstitute.org)

125 The work of the Jones team in Jones et al 2014 explains some of the underlying causes of bursts and other variability, including stability of the resulting mRNA,: 125 the strength of promotion encoded in the relevant promoter and the duration of transcription due to strength of the TF binding site. (wikipedia.org)
Messenger RNA (mRNA) regulates cell proliferation. (biosyn.com)
It has been shown to positively regulate translation of the transcription factor RpoS by opening an inhibitory hairpin in the mRNA, and to negatively regulate translation of hns by pairing just beyond the translation initiation codon. (illinois.edu)
The analysis revealed altered transcription levels of 12 E. coli genes in response to phage infection, and the observed regulation of phage genes correlated with the known in vivo pattern of M13 mRNA species. (lu.se)

After the sigma factor performs its required function, it dissociates, while the catalytic portion remains on the DNA and continues transcription. (wikipedia.org)
Each subunit plays a role in the initiation of transcription, and the σ-factor must be present for initiation to occur. (wikipedia.org)
The σ-factor recognizes promoter sequences at -35 and -10 regions and transcription begins at the start site (+1). (wikipedia.org)
Changes in dietary fatty acids, specifically the polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-3 and ω-6 families and some derived eicosanoids from lipoxygenases, cyclooxygenases, and cytochrome P-450, seem to control the activity of transcription factor families involved in cancer cell proliferation or cell death. (springer.com)
Their regulation may be carried out either through direct binding to DNA as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors or via modulation in an indirect manner of signaling pathway molecules (e.g., protein kinase C) and other transcription factors (nuclear factor kappa B and sterol regulatory element binding protein). (springer.com)
They designed synthetic promoters that responded to one synthetic transcription factor to work as simple logic gates that responded to one input, while more complex gates required synthetic promoters that responded to multiple inputs. (energy.gov)
The latter might seem impossible, as an arbitrary transcription factor normally exists in just a handful of copies inside a bacterial cell, and one of them has to find a specific binding site on the DNA spiral, which contains some five million base pairs, in order to turn a gene on or off," says Erik Marklund, one of the lead authors of the new study. (sciencedaily.com)
Using large-scale computer simulations, researchers in Johan Elf's research team at Science for Life Laboratory at Uppsala University managed to study in detail how the transcription factor LacI moves along DNA in a spiral path. (sciencedaily.com)
From this comparison, the scientists derived the average time the transcription factor is bound to the DNA and how much of the DNA it has time to search through before it lets go. (sciencedaily.com)
Transcription factor (TF)-based biosensors are widely used for the detection of metabolites and the regulation of cellular pathways in response to metabolites. (mdpi.com)
Mitochondrial biogenesis is regulated by three nuclear-encoded proteins, including transcription factor A (TFAM), nuclear respiratory factors (NRF-1), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor g coactivator-1-a (PGC-1a). (cmich.edu)
Transcription of housekeeping genes required for metabolic homeostasis and cell proliferation is guided by the sigma factor σ70. (cnr.it)
For example, we have applied light-activatable cMOs to interrogate transcription factor function during zebrafish notochord, pancreas, and vascular patterning. (cdc.gov)

NimR regulates the expression of a Ni 2+ uptake transporter (NikKLMQO). (rsc.org)
NimR did not directly regulate the expression of urease genes but the activity of urease requires both nimR and nikQ . (rsc.org)
To implement synthetic gene circuits in a multicellular context, the researchers used Arabidopsis roots as a model system where endogenous promoters drove tissue-specific expression of the synthetic transcription factors. (energy.gov)
To coordinate expression of virulence genes during infection, S. aureus uses 2-component systems, transcription factors ( 5 ) and regulatory or small RNAs (sRNAs), which function as positive ( 6 ) or negative ( 7 ) virulence determinants. (cdc.gov)
Interestingly, RGL2 expression is regulated not only at the transcript level. (nih.gov)
In our findings, mvaT has a negative influence on regulating rsmA, since its inactivation leads to a higher expression of the upstream region of rsmA. (usp.br)
The lactose ("lac") repressor controls the expression of bacterial enzymes involved in the metabolism of of the sugar lactose. (proteopedia.org)
VDREs also contain the receptors for 1,25(OH)2D and regulate the expression of certain genes. (holtorfmed.com)
Researchers can now provide a picture of how proteins regulate genetic expression at the atomic level. (sciencedaily.com)
Bacterial ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) play a significant role in the formation of dNTPs and their expression is normally regulated with the transcription factors NrdR and Hair. (immune-source.com)
These outcomes suggest that raised appearance of NrdR is actually a suitable methods to retard bacterial development and virulence as its raised expression decreases bacterial fitness and impairs web host cell adhesion. (immune-source.com)
The expression of the acetylglucosamine phosphate mutase (AGM) gene (UvAGM1) and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine was significantly down regulated. (bvsalud.org)
The capabilities of organisms to contend with environmental changes depend on their repertoire of genes and their ability to regulate their expression. (caister.com)
These findings support the conclusion that MKP-1 plays an important role in regulating proteins involved in glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation and modulates expression of mitochondrial transcription factors. (cmich.edu)
Like RafK, the presence of DLDH also activated the expression of raf operon genes, as DLDH-negative pneumococci showed a significantly decreased expression of aga and rafEFG, but DLDH did not regulate rafK or the putative regulatory genes rafR and rafS. (lu.se)

4E-binding proteins (4E-BPs) block the interaction of eIF4E with eIF4G to negatively regulate the formation of the eIF4F complex. (biosyn.com)

Biofilm formation is a crucial and precisely regulated process at the transcriptional level. (usp.br)

Here we develop a quantitative theory connecting bacterial growth and division rates to proteome allocation in time-varying nutrient environments. (nature.com)

Several S. aureus small RNAs (sRNAs) regulate virulence. (cdc.gov)
We identify 76 enhancer RNAs (eRNAs), 40 canonical lncRNAs, 65 antisense lncRNAs and 35 regions of bidirectional transcription (RBT) that are differentially expressed in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). (bath.ac.uk)
The bacterial small RNAs include two major classes. (illinois.edu)

Bacterial brown stripe disease caused by Acidovorax oryzae is a major threat to crop yields, and the current reliance on pesticides for control is unsustainable due to environmental pollution and resistance. (bvsalud.org)
Finally, we used molecular docking to screen 100 compounds against the final two proteins (guaA and metG), and Enfumafungin was selected as a potential treatment for bacterial resistance caused by A. oryzae based on their binding affinity and interaction energy. (bvsalud.org)

Uptake of long chain fatty acids is regulated by dynamic interaction of FAT/CD36 with cholesterol/sphingolipid enriched microdomains (lipid rafts). (springer.com)
They mediate an extraordinary array of functions, including motility, DNA uptake, bacterial aggregation or adherence to host cells. (anr.fr)

In addition to dissecting these mechanistic aspects of gene regulation, we are interested in the roles and physiological consequences of the products of genes regulated by chromatin proteins. (universiteitleiden.nl)

p3 is also the last point of contact with the host as new phage bud from the bacterial surface. (bionity.com)
Filamentous phage use a bacterial structure known as the F pilus to infect E. coli , with the M13 p3 tip contacting the TolA protein on the bacterial pilus. (bionity.com)
Interestingly there is one additional phage-encoded protein, pX (p10), that is important for regulating the number of double stranded genomes in the bacterial host. (bionity.com)
To identify Escherichia coli genes potentially regulated by filamentous phage infection, we used oligonucleotide microarrays. (lu.se)
The significantly upregulated genes encode proteins involved in reactions of the energy-generating phosphotransferase system and transcription processing, which could be related to phage transcription. (lu.se)

Transcription factors work to recognize specific DNA sequences and based on the cells needs, promote or inhibit additional transcription. (wikipedia.org)
Instead, eukaryotes have transcription factors that allow the recognition and binding of promoter sites. (wikipedia.org)
Among all JA downstream transcription factors, MYC2 is considered as the fatal point of the entire JA signaling pathway ( Kazan and Manners, 2013 ). (frontiersin.org)
Complex formation then triggers a signaling cascade that culminates in the transcription of the interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) and additional transcription factors. (rndsystems.com)
This is done through regulation of the activity of proteins that already exist in the cell, but also by the binding of special proteins-transcription factors-to specific sites on the DNA, turning certain genes on or off, which in turn regulates the cell's production of various proteins. (sciencedaily.com)
Roughly 40 years ago it was observed that these transcription factors find their binding sites on DNA much more quickly that free diffusion in three dimensions would allow. (sciencedaily.com)
Theoretical and empirical studies have shown that it is likely that the transcription factors bind to a chromosome wherever they encounter one and then glide along the DNA in search of their binding sites. (sciencedaily.com)
DNA-binding transcription factors have a fundamental role in this process, because they regulate transcription positively or negatively as a consequence of environmental signals. (caister.com)
In this chapter we briefly describe some of the most recent findings on regulatory network evolution from the perspective of DNA-binding transcription factors. (caister.com)
The chapter is divided into sections covering the evolution of transcription factors and their domains, their evolution, and a global analysis. (caister.com)
Because metabolic reprogramming modulates immune responses to TLR-4 activation, we investigated the effect of MKP-1 deficiency on mitochondrial electron transport chains involved in oxidative phosphorylation and transcription factors regulating mitochondrial biogenesis. (cmich.edu)
Published September 5, 2007 transcription factors and replicating extra DNA, rather than going directly into growth of the cell. (lu.se)
It is an integral part of numerous metallo-enzymes and transcription factors and is an important intracellular mediator, similar to calcium. (medscape.com)

DLDH also bound directly to RafK both in vitro and in vivo, indicating the possibility that DLDH regulates raffinose transport by a direct interaction with the regulatory domain of the transporter. (lu.se)

It is the body's first-line defense against many bacterial pathogens. (medscape.com)

A more detailed analyses on bacterial-fungal co-cultivation in narrow interaction channels of microfluidic devices revealed that the strongest inhibitory potential was found for Pseudomonas protegens CHA0, with its inhibitory potential depending on the presence of the GacS/GacA system controlling several bacterial metabolites. (frontiersin.org)
PLS-DA revealed models with smallest error rate for controls in bacterial component and inactive disease in metabolites. (biomedcentral.com)

By understanding the molecular details of this interaction, we can identify virulence-associated microbial genes and host-defense strategies and characterize the cues to which they respond and mechanisms by which they are regulated. (medscape.com)

Transcription regulation of taxol biosynthesis. (frontiersin.org)
Thus genome organisation and transcription regulation are likely intimately coupled. (universiteitleiden.nl)
RafK carries a C-terminal regulatory domain present in a subset of ATP-binding proteins that has been involved in both direct regulation of transporter activity (inducer exclusion) and transcription of transporter genes. (lu.se)

While previous studies have characterized bacterial growth physiology at steady-state, a quantitative understanding of bacterial physiology in time-varying environments is lacking. (nature.com)
However, the contributions of CdnL to metabolic homeostasis and bacterial physiology are not well understood. (cnr.it)

All these results revealed that TcMYC2a can regulate taxol biosynthesis either directly or via ERF regulators depending on JA signaling transduction. (frontiersin.org)

In such environments, cell size and growth are regulated by trade-offs between prioritization of biomass accumulation or division, resulting in decoupling of single-cell growth rate from population growth rate. (nature.com)
Furthermore, it is unclear if bacterial size modulation is simply a byproduct of the complex cellular response to changing environmental conditions, or if it serves as an adaptive mechanism employed by the cell to improve fitness in time-varying environments. (nature.com)
A protein kinase inhibitor of the m ammalian t arget o f r apamycin (mTOR), a protein that regulates cell growth, cell proliferation, cell motility, cell survival, protein synthesis and transcription. (ebi.ac.uk)
Further validation through TEM observation revealed that bacterial cells exposed to Enfumafungin displayed mostly red fluorescence, indicating destruction of the bacterial cell membrane. (bvsalud.org)
Bacterial growth and division require regulated synthesis of the macromolecules used to expand and replicate components of the cell. (cnr.it)
Specialized cell structures called ribosomes are the cellular organelles that actually synthesize the proteins (RNA transcription). (cdc.gov)

A transcription regulator activity that modulates transcription of gene sets via selective and non-covalent binding to a specific double-stranded genomic DNA sequence (sometimes referred to as a motif) within a cis-regulatory region. (yeastgenome.org)
Bacterial Regulatory Networks (Edited by: Alain A.M. Filloux). (caister.com)

In this review, we assess the potential role of putative gut microbiota products in the etiopathogeny of Parkinson's disease, with a special emphasis on functional bacterial amyloid proteins, bacterial biosurfactants, endotoxins and short-chain fatty acids. (techscience.com)

This interplay of bacterial effects on the pathogen can be beneficial to protect plants from infection, as shown with A . thaliana root experiments. (frontiersin.org)

Taxol biosynthesis is significantly regulated by jasmonate acid (JA), one of the most important endogenous hormones in land plants. (frontiersin.org)
Jasmonate acid (JA) is a vital endogenous hormone that regulates taxol biosynthesis and other biological processes, especially (a)biotic stress tolerance in various plants ( Roberts, 2001 ). (frontiersin.org)

Prokaryotic transcription (5 lectures). (bath.ac.uk)

Genes coding for defense-related transcription activators, reactive oxygen species metabolism, terpene biosynthesis, and energy conversion pathways were upregulated in inoculated samples of L. dendroidea , indicating an integrated defensive system in seaweeds. (asm.org)

OXPHOS consists of two tightly regulated processes: electron transport and ATP synthesis. (elifesciences.org)

The possible roles of molecular hydrogen, a common by-product of bacterial fermentation, are also addressed. (techscience.com)
Our approach demonstrates the potential of utilizing bioinformatics and molecular docking to identify novel drug candidates for precision treatment of bacterial brown stripe disease caused by A. oryzae, paving the way for more targeted and sustainable control strategies. (bvsalud.org)

Taken together, the results of this study suggest that ΔNp63-regulated HβD could promote tumor (lymph)angiogenesis in SCC microenvironment. (oncotarget.com)

Genes required for degradation of and growth on the carbon source pectin were down-regulated, whereas transcripts involved in redox processes were up-regulated. (frontiersin.org)

Manganese (II) ions are essential for a variety of bacterial cellular processes. (mdpi.com)

Moreover in comparison to NrdR deletion cells overexpressing NrdR demonstrated significantly reduced adherence to individual epithelial cells reflecting reduced bacterial Fesoterodine fumarate (Toviaz) virulence. (immune-source.com)

We found that the potential for formation of bacterial lipopeptide syringomycin resulted in stronger growth reduction effects on saprophytic Aspergillus nidulans compared to Verticillium spp. (frontiersin.org)

Genome folding is tightly interconnected with transcription, with genes in certain regions being silenced, while others are highly transcribed. (universiteitleiden.nl)

Additionally, TcERF15, which played the positive role to regulate tasy gene, was up-regulated by TcMYC2a. (frontiersin.org)

The effective components of SHD may regulate multiple signaling pathways through IL-6, APP, AKT1, and VEGFA to reduce brain damage and inflammatory damage and exert a neuroprotective role in the treatment of IS diseases. (hindawi.com)

The insights from the study are of the greatest significance for our understanding of how the activity of genes is regulated. (sciencedaily.com)
Herein we performed the multiomics analysis by combining the large scale surveys of gut bacterial community, stool microRNA (miRNA) and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) signatures to correlate their association with the activity of Crohn's disease (CD). (biomedcentral.com)

As a result, it remains unclear how cells sense changes in the environment and dynamically regulate division and growth in response. (nature.com)
The berry polyphenolic preparation dose-dependently inhibited S. mutans biofilm formation while not reducing bacterial growth. (cranberryinstitute.org)

To introduce the process of transcription in prokaryotes. (bath.ac.uk)

Our current aim is to obtain an integrated picture of the interplay between spatial genome organization and DNA transactions in general and transcription in specific. (universiteitleiden.nl)
More importantly, we are using and developing new approaches to investigate genome organisation and its coupling to transcription in vivo. (universiteitleiden.nl)

Anatomy15

Organisms10

Chemicals and Drugs124

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment24

Phenomena and Processes83

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Bacteria13

Innate2

Gene expression7

Infections5

Pathogenesis2

Operons2

Virulence factors2

Polymerase7

MRNA4

Factor13

Expression15

Negatively regulate1

Transcriptional level1

Connecting bacterial growth1

RNAs3

Resistance2

Uptake2

Genes Regulated1

Phage5

Factors13

Vitro1

Pathogens1

Metabolites2

Mechanisms1

Regulation3

Physiology2

Regulators1

Cell6

Regulatory2

Endotoxins1

Infection1

Endogenous2

Prokaryotic1

Biosynthesis1

Electron transport1

Molecular2

Tumor1

Transcripts1

Cellular processes1

Significantly1

Reduction1

Tightly1

Additionally1

Inflammatory1

Activity2

Growth2

Prokaryotes1

Genome2