• Amputation-induced proliferation occurred predominantly within the epidermal and intestinal epithelium, as well as wound-adjacent muscle fibers, where clusters of cells at the same stage of the cell cycle were found. (mdpi.com)
  • However, in response to amputation, levels of cell death were decreased and failed to localize near the injury site. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Interestingly, the neoblast mitotic response was increased around the amputation area but the regenerative blastema failed to form. (biomedcentral.com)
  • After amputation, granular hemocytes infiltrate the blastema of regenerating cephalic tentacles of the freshwater snail Pomacea canaliculata. (unimore.it)
  • Histological studies focusing on the early cephalic tentacle regeneration in P. canaliculata, have demonstrated that wound closure and blastema formation took place within 24 h post amputation (hpa). (unimore.it)
  • Loss or amputation of the axolotl limb leads to the regeneration of the lost limb from trunk tissue, thereby repeating a developmental sequence as a repair process. (edu.au)
  • BMP signaling is essential for sustaining proximo-distal progression in regenerating axolotl limbs [3] "Amputation of a salamander limb triggers a regeneration process that is perfect. (edu.au)
  • Here we review recent insights into the biophysical, biochemical, and epigenetic processes that underlie regenerative healing in amphibians, focusing particularly on tail and limb regeneration in Xenopus . (frontiersin.org)
  • Axolotls ( Ambystoma mexicanum ) are the larval form of the Mexican Salamander amphibian and are an animal model used in limb regeneration studies. (edu.au)
  • By administering LDN193189 treatments at different time points during regeneration, we show clearly that limb regeneration progresses in a proximal to distal fashion. (edu.au)
  • This organism is well known for its stem cell-based regenerative capability. (biomedcentral.com)
  • therefore, new researches focused on regenerative medicine have been developed, including the use of stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Consequently, because of the increased rate of RF in terminal stage and few alternative treatments, new investigations focused on regenerative medicine have been developed, including the use of stem cells (SCs) [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Neural control of growth and size in the axolotl limb regenerate [2] "Upon the completion of the developmental stages of regeneration, when the regenerative organ known as the blastema completes patterning and differentiation, the limb regenerate is proportionally small in size. (edu.au)
  • Members of the free-living genus Planaria are widely interrogated in the realm of stem cell biology due to their remarkable regenerative abilities [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In recent years, interest in the possible molecular regulators of cell proliferation and differentiation in a wide range of regeneration models has grown significantly, but the cell kinetics of this process remain largely a mystery. (mdpi.com)
  • In this research, we generate differentiated kidney cells (DKCs) from mouse pluripotent stem cells (mPSCs) analyzing their morphological, genetic, phenotypic, and spectroscopic characteristics along differentiation, highlighting that there are no reports of the use of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to characterize the directed differentiation of mPSCs to DKCs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, FTIR spectroscopy resulted in a non-invasive, rapid and precise technic that together with principal component analysis allows to characterize chemical and structurally both kind of cells and also discriminate and determine different stages along the cell differentiation process. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In both processes, rapid proliferation gives rise to new tissue, cell fate has to be specified within that tissue, and distinct positional identities have to be established to generate a properly patterned structure. (frontiersin.org)
  • In mammals, Akt is ubiquitously expressed and is associated with regulation of cellular proliferation, metabolism, cell growth and cell death. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Functional disruption of Smed-Akt alters the balance between cell proliferation and cell death leading to systemic impairment of adult tissue renewal. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study defined the role of Smed-Akt in abnormal cell proliferation triggered by the abrogation of the phosphatase PTEN, an upstream component of the Akt signaling pathway, which is highly mutated in human cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
  • RESULTS: Human ASCs exhibited decreased cell proliferation and migration with enhanced senescence when cultured in HG condition in vitro. (bvsalud.org)
  • One concentrate inside the mechanism of neuronal death in AD would be the aberrant expression of cell cycle related proteins, this kind of as cdc2, cdk4, cyclin B1, and cyclin D, which med iate cell cycle progression, in vulnerable neurons from the AD brain, these molecules perform important roles in neuronal death related with several paradigms of neuronal death. (fgfrinhibitors.com)
  • The complete integumentary organ system (IOS) regeneration and scarless wound healing mechanism, which occurs in specific species, body sites and developmental stages, clearly shows that mechanical stress signals and immune responses play important roles in determining the wound healing mode. (mdpi.com)
  • Advances in tissue engineering technology have led to the production of novel human skin equivalents and organoids that reproduce cell-cell interactions with tissue-scale tensional homeostasis, and enable us to evaluate skin tissue morphology, functionality, drug response and wound healing. (mdpi.com)
  • However, ASCs from diabetic individuals showed impaired cell function and suboptimal wound healing effects. (bvsalud.org)
  • The kidney is a complex organ composed of several cell types, and it is conformed approximately by 11,000 nephrons. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This wellknown fact has prompted several basic studies on organisms capable of adult regeneration, such as amphibians, bony fish, and invertebrates. (unimore.it)
  • Here, the circulating phagocytic hemocytes were chemically depleted by injecting the snails with clodronate liposomes, and the effects on the cephalic tentacle regeneration onset and on Pc-Hemocyanin, Pc-transglutaminase (Pc-TG) and Pc-Allograft Inflammatory Factor-1 (Pc-AIF-1) gene expressions were investigated. (unimore.it)
  • Corresponding with the phagocyte depletion, tentacle regeneration onset was halted, and it resumed at the expected pace when clodronate liposome effects were no longer visible. (unimore.it)
  • The neoblasts are the only dividing cells in planarians and constantly proliferate to repair tissues and support systemic cellular turnover [ 21 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Therefore, we propose that damage to and subsequent release of mtDNA elicits a protective signalling response that enhances nDNA repair in cells and tissues, suggesting that mtDNA is a genotoxic stress sentinel. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • Recently, we described that the genome of S. mediterranea contains a single Akt ortholog termed Smed-Akt , which affects cell division and impairs planarian locomotion [ 22 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is well-established that early embryonic signaling pathways are critical for growth and patterning of new tissue during regeneration. (frontiersin.org)
  • The regeneration of a tissue intuitively recapitulates aspects of its embryonic development. (frontiersin.org)
  • Embryonic or adult SCs by definition are characterized by their self-renewal and potentiality, peculiarities that allow them to give rise to more SCs and differentiate into various cell lineages under appropriate conditions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • According to their potentiality, embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are classified as totipotent and pluripotent, both of them can differentiate into the three germ lines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Regarding vibrational spectroscopy analysis by FTIR, bands related with biomolecules were shown on mPSCs and DKCs spectra, observing distinct differences between cell lineages and maturation stages. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Currently, the CL employs multiple is_a relations, defining cell types in terms of histological, functional, and lineage properties, and the majority of definitions are written with sufficient generality to hold across multiple species. (philarchive.org)
  • Here we try to elucidate the cellular aspects of regeneration by EdU incorporation in intact and posteriorly amputated annelid Alitta virens using quantitative analysis. (mdpi.com)
  • mitotically active cells of intact segments do not significantly contribute to the blastemal cellular sources. (mdpi.com)
  • Nonetheless, there is limited understanding of how Akt signaling controls the response of stem cells during cellular turnover and tissue injury in the complexity of the whole organism. (biomedcentral.com)
  • She pursued postdoctoral studies at the National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) in the Laboratory of Immunology, under the immunologists E. Shevach, W.E. Paul and R. Schwartz, where she established the first functional evidence for the formation of a molecular complex between a T cell antigen and the MHC class Ia molecule, anticipating the crystal structure later determined for this fundamental molecular complex in T cell biology. (wikipedia.org)
  • Our results also reveal novel roles for Akt signaling during regeneration, specifically for the timely localization of cell death near the injury site. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, Akt signaling regulates neoblast biology and mediates in the distribution of injury-mediated cell death during tissue repair in planarians. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Planarians are flatworms with large populations of stem cells capable of dividing to support adult tissue renewal and regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This paucity is likely due to the ubiquitous nature of this signaling pathway and the difficulty of analyzing stem cells in their natural environment during physiological cell turnover and regeneration in conventional animal models [ 15 - 17 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • BACKGROUND: Application of autologous adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) for diabetic chronic wounds has become an emerging treatment option. (bvsalud.org)
  • In her viral studies, she developed a T-cell vaccine for the herpes virus HSV-2 that could protect subjects against lethal infection in the total absence of an antibody response, proving for the first time that by themselves T-cells could protect against lethal viral infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cell characteristics and functions were investigated in vitro. (bvsalud.org)
  • At NIAID, Heber-Katz also conducted experiments that illuminated the molecular details involved in controlling interactions between T-cells and macrophages. (wikipedia.org)
  • Many conditions do not appear to be induced entirely by environmental factors and so genetic profiles have been studied to determine why some individuals are more susceptible to particular diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, the mechanisms by which Akt signaling regulates stem cell behavior in the complexity of the whole body are poorly understood. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Regeneration of damaged body parts requires coordination of size, shape, location and orientation of tissue with the rest of the body. (biologists.com)
  • The experiment termed the "A/5R experiment" confirmed the Determinant Selection Hypothesis, which concerned the spatial relationships between the histocompatibility I-A and I-E molecules on the surface of antigen-presenting cells, the bound antigen and the recognition structure of the T-cell receptor, contributing to the fundamental understanding of how 'foreign' antigens activate the adaptive immune system in mammals. (wikipedia.org)
  • On top of that to cell cycle progres sion molecules, quite a few cell cycle inhibitors, such as p16 and p27, and tumor suppressor proteins such as p53 and BRCA1 are also increased in levels during the AD brain. (fgfrinhibitors.com)
  • Although it selleckchem is unclear why cell cycle connected proteins show enhanced in ranges within the AD brain and AD mouse models, 1 chance is that DNA harm induced by Ab may possibly improve the levels of or activate these molecules. (fgfrinhibitors.com)
  • Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which neuronal degeneration and death happen in AD and no matter whether they may be induced by Ab will not be wholly understood. (fgfrinhibitors.com)
  • Also to your human AD brain, the improved expression levels of cell cycle relevant proteins were also found in transgenic mouse models of AD. (fgfrinhibitors.com)
  • ESCs are obtained from inner cell mass, characterized by unlimited self-renewal and pluripotentiality, which allow them to differentiate into various specialized cells types in a morphologically and functionally way, characteristics that make them attractive for developing differentiated kidney cells (DKCs) [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In her autoimmune studies, she developed the "V Region Disease Hypothesis" in showing that the same T-cell receptor in mice and rats recognized different antigens to mediate different diseases. (wikipedia.org)
  • An improved ontological representation of dendritic cells as a paradigm for all cell types. (philarchive.org)
  • The Cell Ontology (CL) is designed to provide a standardized representation of cell types for data annotation. (philarchive.org)
  • Thousands of copies of the circular mtDNA are present in most cell types that are packaged by TFAM into higher-order structures called nucleoids1. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • With Dr. George Hajishengallis at the University of Pennsylvania School of Dentistry, the hydrogel drug formulation was shown to induce rapid and complete bone and soft tissue regrowth in a preclinical model of periodontal disease, characterized by tooth loss and jaw bone degeneration. (wikipedia.org)
  • In her thesis work, she showed that single T-cell subsets could respond to both histocompatibility antigens and environmental antigens, establishing the unity of these two branches of the immune response. (wikipedia.org)
  • It then undergoes a phase of regeneration that we have called the 'tiny-limb' stage, which is defined by rapid growth until the regenerate reaches the proportionally appropriate size. (edu.au)
  • Downregulation of Smed-Akt function also resulted in an increase of cell death throughout the animal. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In cultured primary fibroblasts and cancer cells, the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin causes mtDNA damage and release, which leads to cGAS STING dependent ISG activation. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • In addition, mtDNA stress in TFAM-deficient mouse melanoma cells produces tumours that are more resistant to doxorubicin in vivo. (regenerativemedicine.net)
  • Ellen Heber-Katz is an American immunologist and regeneration biologist who is a professor at Lankenau Institute for Medical Research (LIMR). (wikipedia.org)
  • This demonstrates that BMPs play a major role in patterning of regenerated limbs and that regeneration is a progressive process like development. (edu.au)
  • In addition to the regeneration progress, the expressions of Pc-Hemocyanin, Pc-TG, and Pc-AIF-1, which are markers of hemocyte-mediated functions like oxygen transport and immunity, clotting, and inflammation, were modified. (unimore.it)
  • After the injection of clodronate liposomes, a specific computer-assisted image analysis protocol still evidenced the presence of granular hemocytes in the tentacle blastema. (unimore.it)
  • This quantitative study explores the acceptability of Online Learning Action Cell (LAC) practice as a school-based professional development strategy for Tagumpay National High School (TNHS) teachers. (philarchive.org)