Regeneration blastema embryonic stem cells induce blastema cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

In both processes, rapid proliferation gives rise to new tissue, cell fate has to be specified within that tissue, and distinct positional identities have to be established to generate a properly patterned structure. (frontiersin.org)
In recent years, interest in the possible molecular regulators of cell proliferation and differentiation in a wide range of regeneration models has grown significantly, but the cell kinetics of this process remain largely a mystery. (mdpi.com)
Amputation-induced proliferation occurred predominantly within the epidermal and intestinal epithelium, as well as wound-adjacent muscle fibers, where clusters of cells at the same stage of the cell cycle were found. (mdpi.com)
Epimorphic regeneration can be thought of as occurring in two phases: wound healing and cell proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
Inhibition of apoptosis did not affect branchial sac stem cell proliferation but prevented the survival of progenitor cells. (biologists.com)
Unidirectional regeneration in the basal chordate Ciona intestinalis involves the proliferation of adult stem cells residing in the branchial sac vasculature and the migration of progenitor cells to the site of distal injury. (biomedcentral.com)
Heat shock treatment of distal body fragments activated hsp70 and dnaJb4 expression indicative of a stress response, induced cell proliferation in branchial sac vasculature cells, and promoted distal regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)

During the fifth week, differentiating mesenchymal cells condense in a proximal-to-distal fashion to form blastemas, which eventually develop into cartilaginous models of, ultimately, the bones of the upper extremity. (medscape.com)
By administering LDN193189 treatments at different time points during regeneration, we show clearly that limb regeneration progresses in a proximal to distal fashion. (edu.au)

First, the fin margin is covered by a wound epithelium, and next a proliferative blastema arises by dedifferentiation of stump tissues near the amputation. (unifr.ch)
N1 transgenic hindlimbs, which do not regenerate, do not form an apical epithelial cap or cone shaped blastema following amputation. (biomedcentral.com)
Loss or amputation of the axolotl limb leads to the regeneration of the lost limb from trunk tissue, thereby repeating a developmental sequence as a repair process. (edu.au)
BMP signaling is essential for sustaining proximo-distal progression in regenerating axolotl limbs [3] "Amputation of a salamander limb triggers a regeneration process that is perfect. (edu.au)
After amputation, granular hemocytes infiltrate the blastema of regenerating cephalic tentacles of the freshwater snail Pomacea canaliculata. (unimore.it)
Histological studies focusing on the early cephalic tentacle regeneration in P. canaliculata, have demonstrated that wound closure and blastema formation took place within 24 h post amputation (hpa). (unimore.it)

A pharmacological screen and siRNA-mediated gene knockdown indicated that regeneration requires canonical Wnt signaling. (biologists.com)
siRNA-mediated gene knockdown showed that hsp70 and dnaJb4, but not bag3, are required for progenitor cell targeting and distal regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)

Regeneration involves the activity of adult stem cells in the branchial sac, which proliferate and produce migratory progenitor cells for tissue and organ replacement. (biologists.com)

Here we review recent insights into the biophysical, biochemical, and epigenetic processes that underlie regenerative healing in amphibians, focusing particularly on tail and limb regeneration in Xenopus . (frontiersin.org)
Activation of this transgene blocks regeneration of the tail and limb of Xenopus tadpoles. (biomedcentral.com)

Regeneration in zebrafish predominantly relies on the intrinsic plasticity of mature tissues. (unifr.ch)
The focus of her studies includes the coordination of wound repair and functional regeneration of tissues in fish. (unifr.ch)
Although developing tissues and organisms are known to be more sensitive to toxic compounds, three independent experiments in regenerating worms showed a less pronounced effect of AgNP exposure on the microbiome, possibly because underlying bacterial community changes during development mask the AgNP induced effect. (bvsalud.org)
Once the wound is healed, the cells of the stump must mobilise under the wound epidermis and begin the process of replacing lost tissues, by forming a proliferating blastema. (biomedcentral.com)
Therefore, we propose that damage to and subsequent release of mtDNA elicits a protective signalling response that enhances nDNA repair in cells and tissues, suggesting that mtDNA is a genotoxic stress sentinel. (regenerativemedicine.net)

Appendage regeneration, particularly of the tadpole tail, has been widely studied before, during and after this period. (frontiersin.org)
We have used this line to show that BMP function is not only required for appendage regeneration but that it is specifically needed to generate a proliferating blastema while being dispensable for wound healing [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Axolotls ( Ambystoma mexicanum ) are the larval form of the Mexican Salamander amphibian and are an animal model used in limb regeneration studies. (edu.au)

therefore, new researches focused on regenerative medicine have been developed, including the use of stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Consequently, because of the increased rate of RF in terminal stage and few alternative treatments, new investigations focused on regenerative medicine have been developed, including the use of stem cells (SCs) [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
We are currently investigating the regenerative capacity of specific cardiac cell populations and comparing the restorative programs of different fish species. (unifr.ch)
Using Affymetrix Gene Chip analysis, we have identified genes linked to regenerative success downstream of BMP signalling, including the BMP inhibitor Gremlin and the stress protein Hsp60 ( no blastema in zebrafish). (biomedcentral.com)
Neural control of growth and size in the axolotl limb regenerate [2] "Upon the completion of the developmental stages of regeneration, when the regenerative organ known as the blastema completes patterning and differentiation, the limb regenerate is proportionally small in size. (edu.au)
This study demonstrates the importance of a stress response for stem cell activation and regeneration in a basal chordate, which may have implications for understanding the limited regenerative activities in other animals, including vertebrates. (biomedcentral.com)

In our research, we address these questions focusing on heart and fin regeneration in zebrafish. (unifr.ch)
Several years ago, our laboratory established a cryoinjury-induced myocardial infarction model in zebrafish, whereby a freezing-thawing procedure destroys approx. (unifr.ch)
We also reported that the natural power of heart regeneration in zebrafish can be suppressed by a daily hour of stress, such as crowding. (unifr.ch)
The lab of Anna Jazwinska investigates the biological processes of organ regeneration in zebrafish. (unifr.ch)

It is well-established that early embryonic signaling pathways are critical for growth and patterning of new tissue during regeneration. (frontiersin.org)

In this research, we generate differentiated kidney cells (DKCs) from mouse pluripotent stem cells (mPSCs) analyzing their morphological, genetic, phenotypic, and spectroscopic characteristics along differentiation, highlighting that there are no reports of the use of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to characterize the directed differentiation of mPSCs to DKCs. (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, FTIR spectroscopy resulted in a non-invasive, rapid and precise technic that together with principal component analysis allows to characterize chemical and structurally both kind of cells and also discriminate and determine different stages along the cell differentiation process. (biomedcentral.com)

The kidney is a complex organ composed of several cell types, and it is conformed approximately by 11,000 nephrons. (biomedcentral.com)
The complete integumentary organ system (IOS) regeneration and scarless wound healing mechanism, which occurs in specific species, body sites and developmental stages, clearly shows that mechanical stress signals and immune responses play important roles in determining the wound healing mode. (mdpi.com)

This wellknown fact has prompted several basic studies on organisms capable of adult regeneration, such as amphibians, bony fish, and invertebrates. (unimore.it)

A transcriptome was sequenced and assembled from the isolated branchial sacs of regenerating animals, and the information was used to provide insights into the absence of regeneration in distal body fragments. (biomedcentral.com)

By contrast, preconditioning, the application of a small remote noxious stimulus before injury, boosts heart regeneration. (unifr.ch)

Epimorphic regeneration is the process by which complete regeneration of a complex structure such as a limb occurs through production of a proliferating blastema. (biomedcentral.com)
Apoptosis at injury sites occurs early during regeneration and continuously in the pharyngeal fissures during homeostatic growth. (biologists.com)
However, after the Ciona body is bisected, regeneration occurs in the proximal but not in the distal fragments, even if the latter include a part of the branchial sac with stem cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Gene Ontology analysis showed that genes involved in embryonic development and growth are significantly over-represented in regenerating early hindlimb buds and that successful regeneration in the Xenopus hindlimb correlates with the induction of stress response pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
We identified 1149 differentially expressed genes, which were separated into two major modules by weighted gene correlation network analysis, one consisting of mostly upregulated genes correlated with regeneration and the other consisting of only downregulated genes associated with metabolism and homeostatic processes. (biomedcentral.com)
The upregulation of HSP70 chaperone genes was verified and their expression confirmed in BS vasculature cells previously identified as stem and progenitor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
The chaperone system genes hsp70 , dnaJb4 , and bag3 are significantly upregulated in the branchial sac vasculature following distal injury, defining a stress response that is essential for regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)

Our experiments revealed that the myocardium adjacent to the injury undergoes dedifferentiation, during which embryonic cardiac programs become reactivated to give rise to new tissue. (unifr.ch)

Branchial sac-derived stem cells also replenish recycling cells lining the pharyngeal fissures during homeostatic growth. (biologists.com)
Caspase 1 inhibitor, caspase 3 inhibitor, or pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK treatment blocked apoptosis, prevented regeneration, and suppressed branchial sac growth and function. (biologists.com)
Wnt3a protein rescued both caspase-blocked regeneration and branchial sac growth. (biologists.com)
After bisection across the mid-body, apoptosis occurred only in the regenerating basal fragments, although both fragments contained a part of the branchial sac, suggesting that apoptosis is unilateral at the wound site and the presence of branchial sac stem cells is insufficient for regeneration. (biologists.com)
The stress response is absent from distal fragments, but can be induced by a heat shock, which activates cell division in the branchial sac vasculature and promotes distal regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)

After metamorphosis, however, ascidian juveniles and adults show impressive capacities for regeneration of injured body parts. (biologists.com)
In vertebrates with limited regeneration capacities, such as mammals, wound repair typically terminates in fibrotic scar formation and is not followed by regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
In animals with higher regeneration capacities, wound repair and regeneration are linked, but the molecular relationship between these two processes is unclear. (biomedcentral.com)

This type of regeneration is rare among vertebrates but does occur in the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis , traditionally a model organism for the study of early development. (biomedcentral.com)
While all vertebrates are capable of some types of tissue regeneration, most, including humans, have lost the ability to regenerate whole structures such as limbs ( epimorphic regeneration ), [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

This demonstrates that BMPs play a major role in patterning of regenerated limbs and that regeneration is a progressive process like development. (edu.au)

According to their potentiality, embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are classified as totipotent and pluripotent, both of them can differentiate into the three germ lines. (biomedcentral.com)

Gene over-expression analyses in Xenopus limb and tail regeneration have indicated that successful regeneration requires the re-activation of developmental FGF or BMP signalling pathways [ 8 - 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
We have developed a heat shock inducible transgenic line ( N1 ) of Xenopus in which the BMP antagonist Noggin can be induced at a specific time during either development or regeneration, repressing BMP signalling [ 10 , 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

At NIAID, Heber-Katz also conducted experiments that illuminated the molecular details involved in controlling interactions between T-cells and macrophages. (wikipedia.org)
Elegant experiments using heat-shock inducible expression of inhibitory proteins have further refined these observations to establish epistatic relationships, in which BMP acts upstream of Wnt, which in turn acts upstream of FGF during regeneration of the limb bud and tail ( Lin and Slack, 2008 ). (frontiersin.org)
The genetic and protein experiments proved the obtention of DKCs that passed through the chronological stages of embryonic kidney development. (biomedcentral.com)
Our fate mapping experiments demonstrated that the activated mesenchyme of the stump gives rise to the blastema. (unifr.ch)
However, experiments demonstrate that even at this early stage, cells are already polarized in some sense and carry positional information. (medscape.com)

The results suggest that apoptosis-dependent Wnt signaling mediates regeneration and homeostatic growth in Ciona . (biologists.com)
The solitary tunicate Ciona exhibits more-limited regeneration, which is known as unidirectional distal regeneration [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Comparison of gene expression in stage matched N1 vs. wild type hindlimb buds has revealed several new targets for regeneration research. (biomedcentral.com)

It then undergoes a phase of regeneration that we have called the 'tiny-limb' stage, which is defined by rapid growth until the regenerate reaches the proportionally appropriate size. (edu.au)

This property involves activation of the remaining tissue at the site of injury to promote cell division, cell migration and replacement of the missing structures. (unifr.ch)
Regarding extracellular matrix, we characterized the dynamics and regulation of the regeneration of actinotrichia, which are fin-specific skeletal structures. (unifr.ch)
Thousands of copies of the circular mtDNA are present in most cell types that are packaged by TFAM into higher-order structures called nucleoids1. (regenerativemedicine.net)

The regeneration of a tissue intuitively recapitulates aspects of its embryonic development. (frontiersin.org)
Our results indicated that we obtained DKCs from mPSCs, which passed through the chronological stages of embryonic kidney development. (biomedcentral.com)

She pursued postdoctoral studies at the National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) in the Laboratory of Immunology, under the immunologists E. Shevach, W.E. Paul and R. Schwartz, where she established the first functional evidence for the formation of a molecular complex between a T cell antigen and the MHC class Ia molecule, anticipating the crystal structure later determined for this fundamental molecular complex in T cell biology. (wikipedia.org)

Regarding vibrational spectroscopy analysis by FTIR, bands related with biomolecules were shown on mPSCs and DKCs spectra, observing distinct differences between cell lineages and maturation stages. (biomedcentral.com)
Embryonic or adult SCs by definition are characterized by their self-renewal and potentiality, peculiarities that allow them to give rise to more SCs and differentiate into various cell lineages under appropriate conditions. (biomedcentral.com)

However, the roles of rapamycin in the regulation of planarian regeneration remain to be elucidated. (bvsalud.org)

Here, the circulating phagocytic hemocytes were chemically depleted by injecting the snails with clodronate liposomes, and the effects on the cephalic tentacle regeneration onset and on Pc-Hemocyanin, Pc-transglutaminase (Pc-TG) and Pc-Allograft Inflammatory Factor-1 (Pc-AIF-1) gene expressions were investigated. (unimore.it)
Corresponding with the phagocyte depletion, tentacle regeneration onset was halted, and it resumed at the expected pace when clodronate liposome effects were no longer visible. (unimore.it)

Regeneration-competent wound healing of amphibian appendages is generally rapid and involves covering the wound surface with a specialised epidermis lacking a basement membrane and dermis [ 3 , 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The sequence of axolotl embryonic developmental stages was characterised in the late 1980's. (edu.au)

In this work, we use the BMP signaling inhibitor LDN193189 on Ambystoma mexicanum to explore the role of BMPs in regeneration. (edu.au)

In cultured primary fibroblasts and cancer cells, the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin causes mtDNA damage and release, which leads to cGAS STING dependent ISG activation. (regenerativemedicine.net)

mitotically active cells of intact segments do not significantly contribute to the blastemal cellular sources. (mdpi.com)

ESCs are obtained from inner cell mass, characterized by unlimited self-renewal and pluripotentiality, which allow them to differentiate into various specialized cells types in a morphologically and functionally way, characteristics that make them attractive for developing differentiated kidney cells (DKCs) [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
We are currently investigating which adhesion mechanisms organize the different cells types during fin regeneration. (unifr.ch)

With Dr. George Hajishengallis at the University of Pennsylvania School of Dentistry, the hydrogel drug formulation was shown to induce rapid and complete bone and soft tissue regrowth in a preclinical model of periodontal disease, characterized by tooth loss and jaw bone degeneration. (wikipedia.org)

Advances in tissue engineering technology have led to the production of novel human skin equivalents and organoids that reproduce cell-cell interactions with tissue-scale tensional homeostasis, and enable us to evaluate skin tissue morphology, functionality, drug response and wound healing. (mdpi.com)

Here we try to elucidate the cellular aspects of regeneration by EdU incorporation in intact and posteriorly amputated annelid Alitta virens using quantitative analysis. (mdpi.com)
After the injection of clodronate liposomes, a specific computer-assisted image analysis protocol still evidenced the presence of granular hemocytes in the tentacle blastema. (unimore.it)

Anatomy55

Organisms21

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs56

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment48

Phenomena and Processes53

Disciplines and Occupations4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Proliferation7

Proximal-to-distal fashion2

Amputation6

SiRNA-mediated gene knockdown2

Adult stem1

Tail and limb2

Tissues5

Appendage2

Limb regeneration1

Regenerative6

Zebrafish4

Tissue during regen1

Differentiation2

Organ2

Amphibians1

Distal body1

Heart regeneration1

Occurs3

Genes4

Dedifferentiation1

Branchial sac5

Capacities3

Vertebrates2

Limbs1

Germ1

Xenopus2

Experiments5

Ciona2

Hindlimb1

Undergoes1

Structures3

Development2

Formation1

Lineages2

Regulation1

Onset2

Amphibian1

Developmental1

Inhibitor1

Activation1

Significantly1

Types2

Complete1

Interactions1

Analysis2