Reflects diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. Medical search. Frequent questions

However, with MRI, this interval has been greatly reduced.Computed tomography (CT) scanning and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are complementary techniques for imaging oligodendrogliomas. (medscape.com)
The first MRI application in clinical imaging of body structure can be dated back to 1973, when X‐ray‐based computed tomography ( CT ) was invented (Raichle 2009 ). (pocketdentistry.com)
With improved understanding of tumor biology, for instance neo-vascularization and increased vascular permeability, imaging techniques such as dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) provide details on contrast uptake and wash-out kinetics, which is more closely reflecting the physiological and pathological phenomena. (nih.gov)
The aim of this study was to compare diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) with computed tomography perfusion (CTP) for preoperative detection of metastases to lymph nodes (LNs) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). (hindawi.com)
Although ultrasound, routine contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allow the detection of enlarged cervical LNs, none of these methods can distinguish between benign and malignant causes of enlargement with any accuracy [ 7 ], as they use standard parameters (shape, size, internal architecture, extranodal invasion, and vascular features) that are nonspecific for malignancy [ 8 , 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron-emission tomography (PET) are imaging techniques that supply functional information, but they involve radiation exposure and are expensive with low availability and are hampered by relatively low spatial resolution [ 10 - 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
Brain computed tomography perfusion imaging (CTPI) is also performed for continuous dynamic scanning of the layer in the region of interest (ROI) within a certain time after the intravenous injection of the contrast agent. (spandidos-publications.com)
Although medulloblastoma has a highly characteristic appearance on computed tomography (CT) scanning, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred tool. (medscape.com)

Researcher checking fMRI images Functional magnetic resonance imaging or functional MRI (fMRI) is a functional neuroimaging procedure using MRI technology that measures brain activity by detecting associated changes in blood flow. (pearltrees.com)
All subjects underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans. (researchsquare.com)
A great advantage of functional magnetic resonance imaging ( fMRI ), compared to the methods (e.g. (pocketdentistry.com)
We conducted an integrated multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study based on functional MRI (fMRI) data during a complex but cognitively preserved visual task in 15 amnestic mild cognitive impairment (a-MCI) patients and 15 Healthy Elders (HE). (ub.edu)
For the ATRP network, a-MCI patients exhibited increased fMRI responses in inferior-ventral visual areas, possibly reflecting compensatory activations for more compromised dorsal regions. (ub.edu)
Here, we used functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) to investigate the effects the selective dopamine D(3) receptor antagonist GSK598809 on brain activation to food images in a sample of overweight and obese binge-eating subjects. (exeter.ac.uk)

The use of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values, calculated by fitting diffusion-weighted imaging signals in a single exponential model, has improved the diagnostic accuracy for differentiating between breast lesions [ 5 - 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
To entangle diffusion and relaxation effects on image contrast, one may obtain quantitative images of the diffusion coefficient, or more exactly the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). (wikipedia.org)
This study aimed to explore the correlation between Ki-67 LI and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) parameters and to predict the level of Ki-67 LI noninvasively before surgery by multiple MRI characteristics. (biomedcentral.com)
Two radiologists measured apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and CTP parameters independently. (hindawi.com)
The purpose of our investigation was to establish normative references for the signal intensity characteristics and apparent diffusion coefficient values of the adult brain at high b values. (ajnr.org)
Three apparent diffusion coefficient maps were generated for each of six patients with a 2-point technique at a b value of 0 and at b values of 1000, 2000, and 3000 s/mm 2 . (ajnr.org)
Apparent diffusion coefficient values were shown to decrease with increasing b values. (ajnr.org)
Attention to the reversal of gray-white contrast and the dependence of apparent diffusion coefficient on the b value are important in avoiding erroneous assignment of pathologic abnormalities to normal regions. (ajnr.org)
MRI sequences such as diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps and spectroscopic studies have improved quantitative analysis and provided potential for correlating image findings with medulloblastoma molecular subtypes. (medscape.com)

Rather, survival seems to be primarily correlated with the histologic features, clinical findings (age at onset, epilepsy vs deficit), and radiologic criteria (especially contrast enhancement and perfusion-weighted imaging). (medscape.com)
Intravoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) based Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) technique allows the quantitative evaluation of perfusion and diffusion without the use of contrast agents. (amrita.edu)
At low-b values, the resulted ADCs reflected the hepatic blood perfusion information while the functional changes of the AQPs on cell membranes at high b values. (gitlab.io)
Dual-time point FDG-PET imaging, dual-energy CT, perfusion CT, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging using dynamic contrast enhancement or diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) techniques, are among the growing armamentarium for diagnostic imaging of SPNs. (nih.gov)
Recently, other functional imaging techniques such as MRI diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and CT perfusion imaging (CTP) have shown promise in detecting metastatic cervical LNs, and there is increasing experience in head and neck SCC. (hindawi.com)
The theoretical basis is derived from the use of data-processing technology to generate cerebral perfusion images with radionuclides. (spandidos-publications.com)
The perfusion images for CBF, CBV, MTT and TP of brain tissue are obtained following pseudo-color processing. (spandidos-publications.com)
Pseudo-color images of multiple parameters are obtained within minutes of processing the images with perfusion software, in a similar manner to magnetic resonance perfusion imaging (MRPI). (spandidos-publications.com)

In DKI, the MD value of the diffusion coefficient represents the ADC value, and when corrected by non-Gaussian distribution, it can reflect the overall diffusion level and diffusion resistance of water molecules. (hindawi.com)
MD represents the average diffusion coefficient, and a decrease in its diffusion level increases the diffusion resistance, which lowers the MD value. (hindawi.com)
Diffusion[edit] Given the concentration and flux where D is the diffusion coefficient. (pearltrees.com)

Positron emission tomography (PET) using 18fluorine-fluoro-deoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) is a well-established functional imaging technique, for which one of the most common indications is differentiating between benign and malignant SPNs. (nih.gov)
Fusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography scan studies obtained with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in a patient with a Ewing sarcoma of the left tibia. (medscape.com)

The monoexponential model used in conventional DWI assumed that the microenvironment is homogeneous and that the diffusion of water molecules follows a Gaussian distribution, which causes a linear decay of the logarithm of the DWI signal intensity as the value increases. (hindawi.com)
MK is used to evaluate the degree of deviation of diffusion displacement distribution of water molecules based on a Gaussian function. (hindawi.com)
Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI or DW-MRI) is the use of specific MRI sequences as well as software that generates images from the resulting data that uses the diffusion of water molecules to generate contrast in MR images. (wikipedia.org)
For us, the currently most promising probe of tissue microstructure is diffusion of water molecules in the complex cellular environment. (uniklinik-freiburg.de)
Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a technique to probe the diffusion of water molecules and create a MR image with contrast based on the local diffusion properties. (qxmd.com)
Among the variety of imaging methods, MRI has quickly gathered attention because it can reveal different types of brain tissues based on the physical properties of body composition (e.g. the content of water molecules) as a 'natural' contrast agent. (pocketdentistry.com)
In particular, the exchange rates of internal water molecules can be determined directly from the 2H or 17O magnetic relaxation dispersion (MRD) profile. (lu.se)

since then data has been acquired until April 2019 from 219 subjects with 223 clinical visits and 150 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans, which was used for the evaluation of the participants' predictions. (harvard.edu)
Dr. Seibert is a clinical translational researcher working on imaging and genetics for cancer detection and treatment. (ucsd.edu)
This proposal aims to show that vEOAD comprises its own clinical-neurobiological disorder, or ""type 2 AD"", evident by a specific neurocognitive profile on neuropsychological tests and by specific structural and functional neural network involvement on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
[ 4 , 5 ] Finally, the specific patient's neurologic history and clinical findings must be correlated with the imaging findings to establish an accurate diagnosis. (medscape.com)
A follow-up brain MR imaging with gadolinium is recommended to demonstrate dissemination in time and ongoing clinically silent disease activity while on treatment, to evaluate unexpected clinical worsening, to reassess the original diagnosis, and as a new baseline before starting or modifying therapy. (medscape.com)
Understanding the appearance of images obtained with higher b values is critical for the assessment of future clinical applications and investigations using this technology. (ajnr.org)
Gradient subsystems available on clinical imagers with echo-planar imaging have been limited to diffusion-weighted imaging with b values up to 1200 s/mm 2 . (ajnr.org)
Newer clinical imagers can provide b values of 3500 s/mm 2 with echo times less than 100 ms. Isotropic diffusion-weighted images at the standard diffusion gradient strength of 1000 s/mm 2 reveal relative hyperintensity of cortical gray matter compared with white matter. (ajnr.org)
All images were obtained with a 1.5-T clinical imager optimized for neuroimaging with a 150-T/m/s slew rate and a 40-mT/m maximum gradient strength. (ajnr.org)
This is considerably higher than previously estimated and current clinical guidelines reflect the need for rapid assessment although a wide variation in practice exists. (ox.ac.uk)
Twenty-two AUD patients and 18 matched healthy controls (HC) underwent a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) protocol, alongside clinical and neuropsychological examinations. (iusspavia.it)
Dr. Yurgelun-Todd is an expert in the application of structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging, the administration and analysis of neurocognitive tests, and the integration of the results obtained by using multiple imaging modalities combined with clinical assessment. (va.gov)
Because the clinical symptoms of Ewing sarcoma are nonspecific and because they frequently suggest osteomyelitis , an initial conventional radiographic and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination is performed. (medscape.com)
Generally, the complexity and severity of a patient's clinical condition should dictate the selection of appropriate imaging procedures or treatments. (bvsalud.org)

Fifty adults underwent diffusion-weighted single-shot spin-echo echo-planar MR imaging. (ajnr.org)
Fifty healthy adults, ranging in age from 17 to 65 years, underwent diffusion-weighted MR imaging. (ajnr.org)

Articles, abstracts, and book chapters citing Globals Software (Globals Unlimited, Globals for Spectroscopy, and Globals for Images aka SimFCS) by authors not affiliated with the Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics (LFD). (uci.edu)
These challenges were the motivation behind the organization of the Lorentz Center workshop on "Best Practices & Tools for Diffusion MR Spectroscopy" held in Leiden, the Netherlands, in September 2021. (lu.se)

A special kind of DWI, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), has been used extensively to map white matter tractography in the brain. (wikipedia.org)
Diffusion-weighted images are very useful to diagnose vascular strokes in the brain. (wikipedia.org)
Diffusion tensor imaging is being developed for studying the diseases of the white matter of the brain as well as for studies of other body tissues (see below). (wikipedia.org)
DWI is most applicable when the tissue of interest is dominated by isotropic water movement e.g. grey matter in the cerebral cortex and major brain nuclei, or in the body-where the diffusion rate appears to be the same when measured along any axis. (wikipedia.org)
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is important when a tissue-such as the neural axons of white matter in the brain or muscle fibers in the heart-has an internal fibrous structure analogous to the anisotropy of some crystals. (wikipedia.org)
For example, anisotropic diffusion tensors correlate to axonal fibers, while low isotropic diffusion tensors correlate to cells and high isotropic diffusion tensors correlate to larger structures (such as the lumen or brain ventricles). (wikipedia.org)
Clinically, trace-weighted images have proven to be very useful to diagnose vascular strokes in the brain, by early detection (within a couple of minutes) of the hypoxic edema. (wikipedia.org)
The first diffusion MRI images of the normal and diseased brain were made public in 1985. (pearltrees.com)
Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) hyperintensity reflects the acute brain injuries, which mainly occur in specific brain regions. (bvsalud.org)
In my last update, 2019 Update on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Claims in 2019 Ohio Quarterly, discussed the development of tau radiotracers and FDG-PET imaging, which showed promise. (mishkindlaw.com)
More recently, researchers using Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DT-MRI) were able to detect areas of brain injury in U.S. military veterans up to a year following injury. (mishkindlaw.com)
The DT-MRI evaluates water movement within the brain, reflecting brain cells that are not functioning properly. (mishkindlaw.com)
Over the past 30 years, coupled with the emergence of cognitive neuroscience, there has been an increasing demand for using biomedical imaging to explore brain functions (Raichle 2009 ). (pocketdentistry.com)
[ 1 ] Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain is useful in the diagnosis and treatment of multiple sclerosis . (medscape.com)
A brain MR imaging with gadolinium is recommended for the diagnosis of MS. (medscape.com)
A spinal cord MR imaging is recommended if the brain MR imaging is nondiagnostic or if the presenting symptoms are at the level of the spinal cord. (medscape.com)
A routine brain MR imaging should be considered every 6 months to 2 years for all patients with relapsing MS. (medscape.com)
The brain MR imaging protocol includes 3D T1-weighted, 3D T2-FLAIR, 3D T2-weighted, post-single-dose gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted sequences, and a DWI sequence. (medscape.com)
Effect of the dopamine D3 receptor antagonist GSK598809 on brain responses to rewarding food images in overweight and obese binge eaters. (exeter.ac.uk)
However, brain activation to food images was not modulated by GSK598809. (exeter.ac.uk)
The results demonstrate that D(3) receptor manipulation does not modulate brain responses to food images in overweight and obese subjects. (exeter.ac.uk)
This investigation aimed to establish normative references for the signal intensity characteristics and trace ADC measurements of the adult brain with diffusion-weighted spin-echo echo-planar imaging at varying high b-value diffusion sensitivities. (ajnr.org)
Thirty-nine subjects with SCD and 15 with MCI, diagnosed following neuropsychological tests and conventional brain magnetic resonance imaging, were recruited. (frontiersin.org)
A recent study analyzed brain imaging data and chronological age (CA) information from twins and suggested that the brain aging process was heritable 14 . (nature.com)
Recently, researchers have successfully used machine-learning methods to derive a biomarker that is commonly referred to as predicted brain age (PBA) or brain age based on brain imaging data. (nature.com)
Diffusion-weighted MRS (dMRS) gives access to diffusion properties of endogenous intracellular brain metabolites that are preferentially located inside specific brain cell populations. (lu.se)

These advanced imaging techniques are increasingly employed to generate biomarkers that better reflect tumor burden and therapy response. (minervamedica.it)
The following is an overview of current strategies based on advanced magnetic resonance imaging that are used in the assessment of high-grade glioma patients with an emphasis on how novel imaging biomarkers can potentially advance patient care. (minervamedica.it)
This work investigated the relationship of early magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers in a rat model of cervical contusion SCI with long-term functional outcome and tissue sparing. (marquette.edu)
These latter findings may reflect early neuroimaging biomarkers in dementia. (ub.edu)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a high sensitivity for differentiating between malignant and non-malignant breast lesions but is sometimes limited due to its low specificity. (hindawi.com)
Here, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic performance of mean kurtosis (MK) and mean diffusivity (MD) values in magnetic resonance diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) for benign and malignant breast lesions. (hindawi.com)
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the breast has been shown to have high sensitivity but relatively low specificity for characterizing breast lesions, which urges the need for additional imaging techniques or biopsy [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Axial diffusion-weighted MRI in a patient with multiple sclerosis shows several hyperintense lesions, a feature of inflammatory disease activity. (medscape.com)
A clinician may be presented with an MRI report that notes nonspecific white matter lesions compatible with MS. Imaging findings need to be described in detail and, preferably, referenced to one of the published set of diagnostic criteria. (medscape.com)
The spinal cord MR imaging protocol includes sagittal T1-weighted and proton attenuation, STIR or phase-sensitive inversion recovery, axial T2- or T2*-weighted imaging through suspicious lesions, and, in some cases, postcontrast gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted imaging. (medscape.com)
For transient ischemic attack patients, older age, diabetes, longer duration of symptoms and weakness or speech disturbance identify patients at highest risk, as does the presence of large artery atherosclerosis (mainly internal carotid artery stenosis) and lesions on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. (ox.ac.uk)
Dynamic contrast-enhanced MR with subtraction imaging improves the evaluation of managed HCC with easy detection of residual or recurrent viable lesions. (bvsalud.org)

Therefore, in some cases, ADC may not accurately reflect the microstructure of biological tissues and more advanced magnetic resonance diffusion imaging techniques are needed [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
It mainly reflects microstructure complexity. (hindawi.com)
The ultimate goal of our research is to probe cellular structure of living biological tissues (the so-called tissue microstructure) non-invasively using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). (uniklinik-freiburg.de)
Monte-Carlo diffusion simulations are a powerful tool for validating tissue microstructure models by generating synthetic diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance images (DW-MRI) in controlled environments. (arxiv.org)
CACTUS improves the development of complex synthetic substrates, paving the way for future applications in microstructure imaging. (arxiv.org)
DTI is a useful tool for examining and quantifying white matter microstructure, including the orientation and integrity of white matter tracts, by detecting the diffusion of water in neural tissue in vivo [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The extent of T 2 -weighted hyperintensity reflecting edema was greater in the bilateral model compared with the unilateral injury. (marquette.edu)
The imaging score was calculated as described previously and depended on the following sequences: one point was acquired when abnormal intensity occurred in the T1, T2, and fluid-attenuation inversion recovery sequences, and two points were acquired when DWI hyperintensity were found. (bvsalud.org)

Hydrogen (ie, protons) is the most common magnetic resonance (MR)-observable nucleus in the human body and has the advantage of being present in many different tissues in different concentrations. (medscape.com)
The aim of the course is to enable students to acquire basic knowledge of how information about the structure and dynamics of molecules can be obtained through common magnetic resonance methods. (lu.se)

Because anaplastic oligoastrocytoma imaging findings mirror those of anaplastic oligodendroglioma, distinction cannot be reliably made on CT or MRI. (medscape.com)
The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. (cdc.gov)
The MRI findings matched those of the PET images obtained with FDG scanning. (medscape.com)
No single morphologic or functional imaging method provides findings for a specific diagnosis of Ewing sarcoma, but the results do contribute to tumor staging. (medscape.com)

4][5] Since then, diffusion MRI, also referred to as diffusion tensor imaging or DTI (see section below) has been extraordinarily successful. (pearltrees.com)
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) exhibited microscopic damage in similar regions of the cord as reductions in fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD), but DTI parameter maps were also confounded by the presence of vasogenic edema that locally increased FA and MD. In comparison, filtered diffusion-weighted imaging (fDWI) more clearly delineated the location of acute axonal damage without effects of vasogenic edema. (marquette.edu)
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) can through the two methods 3D FLASH and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) give complementary information on the local orientations of cardiomyocytes and their laminar arrays. (biomedcentral.com)
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) provides measurements to investigate the integrity of white matter architecture in vivo. (researchsquare.com)
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is used to examine the neural connectivity and integrity of the white matter. (biomedcentral.com)
Diffusion Tensor Imaging can be used to track nerve fibers to measure deficits in white matter. (mishkindlaw.com)
In Specific Aim 2, the EOAD participants undergo MRI measures of structural and functional neural networks using connectomic analysis of diffusion tensor imaging and resting-state functional MRI. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
Corticospinal tract damage was quantified using a template of the tract generated from diffusion tensor imaging in healthy controls. (wustl.edu)
Longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging resembles patterns of pathology progression in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). (mpg.de)
We ran jICA on five neurostructural features, including gray-matter density and different diffusion tensor imaging metrics. (iusspavia.it)
To compare visual attention performances and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) between subjects with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and to discover neuronal substrates related to visual attention performances. (frontiersin.org)

Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI)was evaluated regarding its ability to preliminarily predict the short-term treatment response of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) following intensity-modulated radiation therapy. (e-crt.org)
This study attempts to evaluate the therapeutic effect of antiangiogenic agents combined with HLX02 in a HER2-positive gastric cancer xenograft model and to detect microenvironmental changes using intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI). (biomedcentral.com)

It allows the mapping of the diffusion process of molecules, mainly water, in biological tissues, in vivo and non-invasively. (wikipedia.org)

The imaging features of the 1p/19q codeleted genotype that are considered typical of oligodendroglioma include indistinct tumor margin, heterogeneous signal intensity, and calcifications. (medscape.com)
This image shows a vascular void due to the tumor. (medscape.com)
RSI cellularity index is a normalized parameter reflecting the contribution of very slow diffusion that is associated with tumor cellularity. (ucsd.edu)
However, there are limited effective non-invasive image modalities for the early prediction of tumor response to chemoradiotherapy (CRT). (e-crt.org)
In this regard, an optimal imaging regimen is critical for early assessment of radiosensitivity of tumor. (e-crt.org)
Routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) currently provides a better soft tissue contrast and spatial resolution in evaluating the extent of primary nasopharynx tumor and positive cervical nodes and also plays a conventional role in assessing tumor's response to CRT. (e-crt.org)
Medulloblastomas may present with heterogeneous imaging aspects and specific phenotypic radiologic features that may reflect tumor histological and biological characteristics. (medscape.com)
This image demonstrates the tumor is primarily confined to the bone, with a small periosteal fraction. (medscape.com)

The most frequent finding with angiography is a vascular void (see the image below). (medscape.com)

We identify patterns of change in the diffusion metrics that reflect critical neurobiological transitions occurring in the second to third trimester, such as the disassembly of radial glial scaffolding and the lamination of the cortical plate. (kcl.ac.uk)

Non-contrast-enhanced CT (NECT) is the initial imaging tool for nonspecific neurologic symptoms, typically because of the need to quickly identify intracranial hemorrhage, ischemic infarction, or other acute abnormality. (medscape.com)
This image shows hypoattenuation of the left frontal lobe without contrast enhancement. (medscape.com)
Eight explanted rat hearts were perfused with Gd-DTPA contrast agent and fixative and imaged in a 9.4T magnet by two types of acquisition: 3D fast low angle shot (FLASH) imaging, voxels 50 × 50 × 50 μm, and 3D spin echo DTI with monopolar diffusion gradients of 3.6 ms duration at 11.5 ms separation, voxels 200 × 200 × 200 μm. (biomedcentral.com)
By contrast, a low FA reflects damaged integrity of the white matter [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
by contrast, with MRI, any plane can be used for imaging. (medscape.com)

The diffusion weights are incorporated by a factor called 'b value', which reflects the intensity and duration of the diffusion gradient pulses used for imaging. (amrita.edu)
In diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), the intensity of each image element (voxel) reflects the best estimate of the rate of water diffusion at that location. (wikipedia.org)
Examination of molecular diffusion using DWI performs with an EPI (echo planar imaging) sequence and a linear regression after a logarithmic transformation of the signal intensity was used to calculate the ADC values [ 14 ]. (hindawi.com)

The criteria of selection of diffusion weights varies among researchers. (amrita.edu)
Since its first observation in the 18th century, the diffusion phenomenon has been actively studied by many researchers. (qxmd.com)
Neighborhood Looking Glass will be a significant benefit to neighborhood effects researchers, harnessing the largely untapped potential of street image data to capture built environment characteristics. (utah.edu)
therefore, access to hemodynamic information on human tissues has attracted the attention of imaging researchers ( 1 - 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

Radiologic characteristics of Ewing sarcoma are seen in the images below. (medscape.com)
These criteria are intended to guide radiologists, radiation oncologists and referring physicians in making decisions regarding radiologic imaging and treatment. (bvsalud.org)

Among the diffusion MRI parameters, lesion areas measured with fDWI had the strongest association with functional outcome (R = −0.41). (marquette.edu)
The sensitivity of each approach to imaging parameters was explored. (biomedcentral.com)
Optimal DTI parameters were b = 1000 mm/s 2 and 12 diffusion directions. (biomedcentral.com)
FLASH acquisitions were relatively insensitive to the image processing parameters explored. (biomedcentral.com)

Advances in MRI include higher strength of magnetic field (1.5-3.0 T field strength) yielding better resolution of images, newer sequences of images, and the advent of the open MRI for patients who are claustrophobic or overweight. (medscape.com)
Participants were excluded if underlying pathologic abnormalities were revealed by standard imaging sequences. (ajnr.org)

We delineate developing thalamocortical pathways and parcellate the fetal thalamus according to its cortical connectivity using diffusion tractography. (kcl.ac.uk)

Molecular diffusion in tissues is not random, but reflects interactions with many obstacles, such as macromolecules, fibers, and membranes. (wikipedia.org)
Anatomic detail can be acquired with conventional structural imaging, but newer approaches also add capabilities to interrogate image-derived physiologic and molecular characteristics of central nervous system neoplasms. (minervamedica.it)
DWI is an MR technique that depicts molecular diffusion, which is the Brownian motion of water protons in biologic tissues. (hindawi.com)
IVIM-DWI can noninvasively monitor the process of vascular normalization and reflect the treatment effect early at the molecular level. (biomedcentral.com)

Nonenhanced sagittal T1-weighted image shows a poorly defined, laterally situated, hypointense cerebellar mass with a small cystic area. (medscape.com)

On conventional imaging, the morphological features supporting benignity include stable small nodule size, smooth demarcated margins, and calcifications. (nih.gov)

Acute Magnetic Resonance Imaging Predictors of Chronic Motor Function " by Seung-Yi Lee, Brian D. Schmit et al. (marquette.edu)
Collectively, this study characterized anatomical and diffusion MRI signatures of acute SCI at cervical spine and their association with chronic functional outcomes and histological results. (marquette.edu)
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly being used in the diagnosis and management of acute ischemic stroke and is sensitive and relatively specific in detecting changes that occur after such strokes. (medscape.com)
This has become an urgent requirement for acute stroke imaging. (spandidos-publications.com)

More extended DTI scans derive neural tract directional information from the data using 3D or multidimensional vector algorithms based on six or more gradient directions, sufficient to compute the diffusion tensor. (wikipedia.org)
We now understand AD as a disorder that manifests with disturbed cognition reflecting disturbed neural networks. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
Human behavioural discrimination of human, chimpanzee and macaque affective vocalisations is reflected by the neural response in the superior temporal sulcus. (mpg.de)

Increased gradient amplitudes permit higher b values and greater diffusion sensitivity. (ajnr.org)

Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. (lookformedical.com)

1982 ) found that deoxygenated haemoglobin increased the magnetic susceptibility. (pocketdentistry.com)
Iron-related gene expression associated with magnetic susceptibility reductions: Application to the pathophysiology of a movement disorder population. (mpg.de)
Isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing employing low range agar diffusion and PBP2x variants were subjected to phylogenetic analyses. (cdc.gov)

In biological tissues, diffusion is limited by various barriers and presents a non-Gaussian distribution. (hindawi.com)
Recently, there has been an increasing interest in diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) to assess non-Gaussian diffusion behavior in diseases involving complex biological tissues such as breast cancer [ 11 - 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
The ADC concept was introduced to take into account the fact that the diffusion process is complex in biological tissues and reflects several different mechanisms. (wikipedia.org)
The contrasts in the images result from different intensities of these emitted signals, which in turn result from different concentrations of the nuclei in different tissues in the body. (medscape.com)

For this we train DKT on a combined dataset containing subjects with two distinct diseases and sizes of data available: 1) a larger, multimodal typical AD (tAD) dataset from the TADPOLE Challenge, and 2) a smaller unimodal Posterior Cortical Atrophy (PCA) dataset from the Dementia Research Centre (DRC), for which only a limited number of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans are available. (harvard.edu)
On CT scans, posterior fossa images often are degraded by beam-hardening artifacts. (medscape.com)

Water molecule diffusion patterns can therefore reveal microscopic details about tissue architecture, either normal or in a diseased state. (wikipedia.org)

reflecting considerable heterogeneity of underlying pathogenesis under current diagnostic repertoire. (frontiersin.org)

Motor impairment might then reflect the dual contribution of corticospinal damage and altered network functional connectivity. (wustl.edu)
Somatomotor network functional integrity was determined by resting state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging. (wustl.edu)

From the diffusion tensor, diffusion anisotropy measures such as the fractional anisotropy (FA), can be computed. (wikipedia.org)
A high fractional anisotropy (FA) reflects intact axonal membranes, myelin sheaths, and a parallel arrangement of neurofibrils. (biomedcentral.com)

Traditionally, in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), three gradient-directions are applied, sufficient to estimate the trace of the diffusion tensor or 'average diffusivity', a putative measure of edema. (wikipedia.org)

It is a multi-parameter imaging method that is the preferred examination method for ultra-early and early stroke patients. (spandidos-publications.com)

Magnetic resonance imaging is integral to the care of patients with high-grade gliomas. (minervamedica.it)
Objectives: Cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could be a crucial tool for the assessment for neurological symptoms in patients with Wilson's disease (WD). (bvsalud.org)

The DTI data was analysed to determine the most ( e 1 DTI ), intermediate ( e 2 DTI ) and least ( e 3 DTI ) orthogonal eigenvectors of extent of diffusion. (biomedcentral.com)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI), or magnetic resonance tomography (MRT) is a medical imaging technique used in radiology to investigate the anatomy and function of the body in both health and disease. (pearltrees.com)

This image depicts a significant periosteal reaction. (medscape.com)

Diffusion Basis Spectrum Imaging (DBSI) further separates DTI signals into discrete anisotropic diffusion tensors and a spectrum of isotropic diffusion tensors to better differentiate sub-voxel cellular structures. (wikipedia.org)

The energy is released from the excited tissue over a short period according to 2 relaxation constants known as T1 and T2, and the emitted energy signals are converted into images. (medscape.com)

they absorb the radiofrequency energy of the magnetic field and then release it until they relax completely. (medscape.com)

DTI was relatively insensitive to the number of diffusion directions and to time up to 72 hours post fixation, but was moderately affected by b-value (which was scaled by modifying diffusion gradient pulse strength with fixed gradient pulse separation). (biomedcentral.com)
Recent improvements in MR gradient technology allow significant increases in diffusion weighting without prohibitive signal-to-noise degradation. (ajnr.org)

Gray matter (GM) volumes of the underlying ATRP and DTRP cortical areas were measured, and probabilistic tractography (based on diffusion MRI) identified fiber pathways within each functional network. (ub.edu)

Semi-quantitative analysis in FDG-PET imaging is based on measurement of maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax). (nih.gov)

However, accurate simulations require substrates that reflect the main microstructural features of the studied tissue. (arxiv.org)
This hindrance is caused by structures in the tissue and reflects the state of the tissue. (qxmd.com)

MRI scanners use strong magnetic fields and radiowaves to form images of the body. (pearltrees.com)

Single-shot spin-echo echo-planar imaging isotropic diffusion-weighted images were produced with b values of 0, 1000, 2000, 2500, 3000, and 3500 s/mm 2 . (ajnr.org)

Water will then diffuse more rapidly in the direction aligned with the internal structure (axial diffusion), and more slowly as it moves perpendicular to the preferred direction (radial diffusion). (wikipedia.org)

DSI is a variant of diffusion-weighted imaging that is sensitive to intra-voxel heterogeneities in diffusion directions caused by crossing fiber tracts and thus allows more accurate mapping of axonal trajectories than other diffusion imaging approaches. (wikipedia.org)

We describe the use of scan acceleration techniques such as parallel imaging and compressed sensing to reduce image distortion in echo planar imaging. (qxmd.com)
Additionally, the influence of the abovementioned techniques on image quality is demonstrated. (qxmd.com)
With advancements in imaging methods, several noninvasive imaging techniques have arisen, with the potential for identifying benign and metastatic LNs in head and neck SCC, thus avoiding the complications due to biopsy sampling [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)

The diffusion tensor model is a rather simple model of the diffusion process, assuming homogeneity and linearity of the diffusion within each image voxel. (wikipedia.org)
The relative contributions of each compartment are estimated for each voxel in the imaging field of view. (ucsd.edu)

In the abdominal region, however, acquiring DWI with good quality is challenging because of several reasons, such as large imaging volume, respiratory and other types of motion, and difficulty in achieving homogeneous fat suppression. (qxmd.com)

Low-grade and anaplastic oligodendrogliomas can be difficult to differentiate with standard MR imaging characteristics. (medscape.com)

Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2018;62:239-53. (minervamedica.it)

therefere, it is a functional imaging technique. (spandidos-publications.com)

Anatomy3

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Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment19

Phenomena and Processes7

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

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Apparent diffusion coefficient9

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20181

Functional imaging t1