Reduction nitrates. Medical search. Frequent questions

Additionally they actually prefer to consume ammonia over nitrates preventing dangerous spikes and possibly preventing system crashes. (saltwaterfish.com)
A side effect to that is there can be an initial nitrates spike until bacteria build up and consume the ammonia. (saltwaterfish.com)
Hypochlorite can then be further used in a reaction with ammonia to remove nitrate from water by reducing it into nitrogen gas. (asu.edu)
In the rumen, nitrates (NO 3 ) are converted to nitrites (NO 2 ), which are converted to ammonia and then amino acids. (ontario.ca)
My tank has failed to cycle after adding an ammonia source daily, nitrates, nitrites, and ammonia all stayed at 0. (fishforums.net)
It seems to be their answer to Seachem Prime, as an all in one dechlorinator and ammonia/nitrite 'detoxifier' but with the added claim of actually 'removing' nitrates. (fishforums.net)

We developed an iron catalyst inspired by the active sites of nitrate reductase and (per)chlorate reductase enzymes. (aaas.org)
Abundance of gene markers for nitrate-reduction (nitrate reductase narG and napA), denitrification (nitrite reductase nirS) and DNRA (DNRA nitrite reductase nrfA) declined along the estuary with significant relationships between denitrification and nirS abundance, and DNRA and nrfA abundance. (gla.ac.uk)
Nitrate Reduction Test is used to assess whether an organism is capable of using the enzyme nitratase, also known as nitrate reductase, to convert nitrate (NO 3 - ) to nitrite (NO 2 - ) or other nitrogenous chemicals. (chemistnotes.com)
One of the main biochemical assays used in clinical microbiology labs to distinguish M. TB from other members of the M. tuberculosis complex and nontuberculous Mycobacteria is nitrate reductase in conjunction with niacin buildup. (chemistnotes.com)
The nitrate reductase test is a test to differentiate between bacteria based on their ability or inability to reduce nitrate (NO3−) to nitrite (NO2−) using anaerobic respiration. (wikipedia.org)
If the bacterium produces nitrate reductase, the broth will turn a deep red within 5 minutes at this step. (wikipedia.org)
If the solution remains colorless, then both nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase are present. (wikipedia.org)
If the solution turns red, nitrate reductase is not present. (wikipedia.org)
Sodium tungstate was used in this study to implement nitrogen stress by inhibiting nitrate reductase (NR) in Dunaliella tertiolecta . (hindawi.com)
My research is focused on understanding the diversity of nitrate reductases in wetland sediments with particular focus on the periplasmic nitrate reductase (Nap). (salisbury.edu)

This research investigated spatial-temporal variation in benthic bacterial community structure, rates of denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) processes and abundances of corresponding genes and transcripts at three sites-the estuary-head, mid-estuary and the estuary mouth (EM) along the nitrate gradient of the Colne estuary over an annual cycle. (gla.ac.uk)
Stable 15 N isotope incubations under dark and anoxic conditions revealed that axenic S. marinoi is able to reduce intracellular nitrate to ammonium that is immediately excreted by the cells. (frontiersin.org)
Only 5% of the intracellular nitrate was reduced to ammonium, while 59% was recovered as nitrite. (frontiersin.org)
The proposed rHURM pathway includes rHaoA and hcp/har which catalyze the reduction of nitrite to hydroxylamine, as an intermediate, and hydroxylamine to ammonium, respectively. (udel.edu)
The four nitrogen compounds in the proposed pathway were measured in the substrate addition assays-nitrate, nitrite, hydroxylamine, and ammonium. (udel.edu)
Hydroxylamine was present in small concentrations during nitrate reduction to ammonium. (udel.edu)
The results presented here are consistent with hydroxylamine as a free intermediate in nitrate reduction to ammonium in N. profundicola. (udel.edu)
Denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) are processes occurring simultaneously under oxygen-limited or anaerobic conditions, where both compete for nitrate and organic carbon. (essex.ac.uk)
This reduction constitutes the first step in the assimilation of nitrate before obtaining the ammonium which is incorporated into Glutamate through GS/GOGAT pathway in chloroplast. (hindawi.com)

Nitrate reduction test depends upon the conversion of nitrates to nitrogenous form. (chemistnotes.com)
Following rainfall, the normal conversion of nitrates to plant protein resumes in a few days as the plant metabolism "catches up" to available soil nitrates, and plant nitrate levels return to more normal levels. (ontario.ca)

When exposed to a light:dark cycle and oxic conditions, S. marinoi stored nitrate intracellularly in concentrations >60 mmol L -1 both as free-living cells and associated to aggregates. (frontiersin.org)
Intracellular nitrate concentrations exceeded extracellular concentrations by three orders of magnitude. (frontiersin.org)
High concentrations of nitrate in water can cause methaemoglobinaemia in very young children (blue baby syndrome). (pwgireland.ie)
In this study, cell growth was monitored in batch cultures under varied concentrations of sulfide, nitrate, formate, and H2. (udel.edu)
In Situ CL-Out bioremediation reduced perchlorate and nitrate concentrations to levels protective of drinking water at an industry in Massachusetts. (environmental-expert.com)
The objectives were to assess long-term monitoring data to quantify changes to the thermal growing season length, investigate farmer adaptations to this and examine these and other factors in relation to total nitrogen and nitrate water concentrations. (springer.com)
In catchments with cereal production, the increased growing season length corresponded to a reduction in nitrogen concentrations, but there was no such relationship in grassland catchments. (springer.com)

The 5 to 7 days following a rainfall that ends a severe dry period would have the highest risk of excess nitrates, so avoid harvesting or grazing during this period. (ontario.ca)
Nitrate reduction is the first step in the denitrification pathway that removes excess nitrates from our waterways. (salisbury.edu)

Since some of the aggregate-forming diatom species store nitrate intracellularly, we explored the fate of intracellular nitrate and its availability for microbial metabolism within anoxic diatom-bacteria aggregates. (frontiersin.org)
Intracellular nitrate was used up within 2-3 days after shifting diatom-bacteria aggregates to dark and anoxic conditions. (frontiersin.org)
Thirty-one percent of the diatom-derived nitrate was converted to nitrogen gas, indicating that a substantial fraction of the intracellular nitrate pool of S. marinoi becomes available to the aggregate-associated bacterial community. (frontiersin.org)
Additionally, it may be expected that intracellular nitrate not converted before the aggregates have settled onto the seafloor could fuel benthic nitrogen transformations. (frontiersin.org)
We hypothesised that his could be attributed to intracellular nitrate pools from nitrate accumulating microorganisms like Thioploca or Beggiatoa. (essex.ac.uk)

Thus, the assessment of the health risk of nitrate to humans should encompass the toxicity of both nitrite and N-nitroso compounds, and the animal species used for safety evaluation should be closely related to humans with respect to the toxicokinetics of nitrate and the conversion of nitrate to nitrite. (inchem.org)
The risk of nitrate poisoning while green chopping or grazing this corn is significantly higher during the 5 - 7 day period after a rainfall than during the actual period of dry weather. (ontario.ca)

Ability to reduce nitrate to nitrite. (chemistnotes.com)

Hence, aggregate-associated diatoms accumulate nitrate from the surrounding water and sustain complex nitrogen transformations, including loss of fixed nitrogen, in anoxic, pelagic microniches. (frontiersin.org)
However, pyrosequencing analysis did not detect any such organisms, leaving other bacteria, microbenthic algae, or foraminiferans which have also been shown to accumulate nitrate, as possible candidates. (essex.ac.uk)

Therefore, the pathway of nitrate reduction is likely to be novel. (udel.edu)
Additional experiments including in vitro assays of enzymatic activity and gene disruption will be required to fully address the role of the proposed rHURM pathway in nitrate reduction. (udel.edu)
In the dog, in addition to strong salivary secretion, large quantities of nitrate were excreted in the bile following i.v. administration of nitrite, thus confirming this pathway of excretion as well as oxidation of nitrite in vivo (Walker, in press). (inchem.org)
The enterosalivary nitrate‐nitrite‐nitric oxide pathway is an alternative pathway of nitric oxide generation, potentially linking the oral microbiome to insulin resistance and blood pressure (BP). (ahajournals.org)

Atherosclerosis is associated with a reduction in the bioavailability and/or bioactivity of endogenous nitric oxide (NO). Dietary nitrate has been proposed as an alternate source when endogenous NO production is reduced. (bvsalud.org)

This Initial Check will help you assess your current knowledge about nitrate/nitrite toxicity. (cdc.gov)
This ADI was based on a NOEL for sodium nitrate of 500 mg/kg bw/day derived from a long-term toxicity study in rats and a short-term toxicity study in dogs together with a safety factor of 100. (inchem.org)
The Committee noted that nitrate per se can generally be considered to be of relatively low toxicity. (inchem.org)
Symptoms of nitrate toxicity include a rapid breathing, fast and weak heartbeat, difficult breathing, muscle tremors, staggering and death. (ontario.ca)

Upon reduction of the oxyanions, an iron(III)-oxo is formed, which in the presence of protons and electrons regenerates the catalyst and releases water. (aaas.org)
I know and have gathered from previous threads, that there is no substitute for frequent partial water changes - the best natural method for nitrate reduction. (saltwaterfish.com)
Water with high nitrate levels is not recommended for human consumption. (filterclean.co.uk)
The source of nitrate in ground water is often from farming fertilizers . (filterclean.co.uk)
Nitrates dissolved in water cannot be removed by simple filtration. (filterclean.co.uk)
Reverse Osmosis is often a point of use application (under-sink) and can remove up to 83-92 percent of nitrates in water. (filterclean.co.uk)
If well water used to dilute formula is implicated in the cyanosis, what are some possible causes of its nitrate contamination? (cdc.gov)
Over 60% of nitrate enters water from agricultural land. (pwgireland.ie)
Nitrate rich water passes over a resin where the nitrate is held. (pwgireland.ie)
For this, 9 g of nitrate both powder is dissolved in 1 litre of water. (chemistnotes.com)
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and combined nitrite-nitrate nitrogen in water and wastewater in the range from 0.05 to 1.0 mg/L nitrogen. (astm.org)
The principle is based on extraction of the cheese with warm water, precipitation of the fat and proteins, filtration and reduction of the nitrate in a portion of the filtrate to nitrite by means of copperized cadmium. (iso.org)
Are you concerned with possible tannin or nitrate contamination in your water supply? (maxwaterflow.com)
We certainly have anecdotal accounts from mothers in the Canterbury region whose babies have been very unwell and then when they have removed the high nitrate water, their babies have recovered. (rnz.co.nz)
While only 7 percent of monitored wells exceeded the safe drinking water standards for nitrates, 25 percent were coming close, he said. (rnz.co.nz)
Real Tech's affordable bypass Nitrate Sensor provides real-time measurement of nitrate (NO3) in water or wastewater. (environmental-expert.com)
It is capable of selectively analysing nitrate and nitrite from the same sample, with high accuracy ( ~ 99% in fresh water) at very low levels of detection. (environmental-expert.com)
H&T has extensive experience in the field of removing nitrate from drinking water. (environmental-expert.com)
Nitrate or Fluoride in potable water . (environmental-expert.com)
UV nitrate measurement in 20 seconds for effective nitrate monitoring on any type of water. (environmental-expert.com)
recommended limit of nitrate at 10 ppm as nitrogen (44.3 ppm as nitrate ) for potable drinking water . (environmental-expert.com)
Its aims are to protect water quality across Europe by preventing nitrates from agricultural sources leaching (polluting ground and surface waters) and by promoting the use of good farming practices to improve water quality. (universityobserver.ie)

N. profundicola was isolated with polysulfide as the electron acceptor for respiratory growth, but is also able to utilize nitrate as an electron acceptor for growth. (udel.edu)
Genome annotation suggested that the reverse hydroxylamine ubiquinone redox module (rHURM) may be used for anaerobic cellular respiration in N. profundicola when nitrate is the terminal electron acceptor. (udel.edu)
Nitrate is frequently used by gram-negative bacteria as the final electron acceptor. (chemistnotes.com)
Nitrate and perchlorate served as electron acceptors with dextrose as the metabolic substrate. (environmental-expert.com)
Aim: This study evaluated the surface roughness, topography and permeability of bovine enamel by profilometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with and without silver nitrate solution, after exposure to different bleaching agents. (bvsalud.org)
For permeability evaluation, the samples were immersed in a 50% silver nitrate solution and analyzed using a backscattered electron and secondary electron mode. (bvsalud.org)

This raises interesting questions as to what the alternative metabolic roles for the various nitrate reductases could be, analogous to the alternative metabolic roles found for nitrite reductases. (essex.ac.uk)

This study uses DFT to find the reaction path of chlorine reduction to hypochlorite on various metal oxides in hopes of finding a less expensive catalyst for chlorine reduction than IrO 2 . (asu.edu)
Chlorine dioxide was associated with a strong reduction in Legionella contamination compared to pre-treatment, but differences according to the device were observed. (who.int)

Nitrate Reduction Functional Genes and Nitrate Reduction Potentials Persist in Deeper Estuarine Sediments. (essex.ac.uk)
Nitrate reduction potentials measured in sediment depth profiles along the Colne estuary were in the upper range of nitrate reduction rates reported from other sediments and showed the existence of strong decreasing trends both with increasing depth and along the estuary. (essex.ac.uk)
Significant decreases in copy numbers of 16S rRNA and nitrate reducing genes were observed along the estuary and from surface to deeper sediments. (essex.ac.uk)

Adequate sanitation could be considerably expanded and pollution reduction achieved through on-site wastewater treatment and recycling systems that permit the reuse of greywater (all wastewater except toilet wastes and food wastes derived from garbage grinders) for landscape irrigation and toilet and urinal flushing. (who.int)

The ubiquitous nitrate-storing diatom Skeletonema marinoi was studied as both axenic cultures and laboratory-produced diatom-bacteria aggregates. (frontiersin.org)
Denitrifying bacteria and hungry plants do sterling work in disposing of the nitrates that we pump into rivers and streams. (nature.com)
We hypothesized that increased abundance of nitrate‐reducing oral bacteria would be associated with lower levels of cardiometabolic risk cross‐sectionally. (ahajournals.org)

The significant variation in the vertical pattern and abundance of the various nitrate reducing genes phylotypes reasonably suggests differences in their activity throughout the sediment column. (essex.ac.uk)
Standardized scores of each taxon's relative abundance were summed, producing a nitrate‐reducing taxa summary score ( NO 3 TSS ) for each participant. (ahajournals.org)

It isespecially useful in nitrate removal applications due to its ability to remove nitrates preferentially in the presence of sulfates and other divalentions. (bigbrandwater.com)
The use of RESINTECH SIR-100-HP eliminates nitrate dumping and retains a greater degree of its operating capacity in the presence of highlevels of sulfates where standard anion resins such as ResinTech SBG1, SBG1P, or SBG2, would suffer loss in operating efficiencies and exhibitnitrate dumping in the presence of sulfates. (bigbrandwater.com)

The Nitrates Directive is a calculation that's made per primarily on bovine animals for the amount of organic nitrogen they produce at the limits that the EU have imposed per hectare. (galwaypulse.com)
The EU's Nitrates Directive permit the use of a maximum 170 kg of organic nitrogen per hectare. (galwaypulse.com)
The EU Nitrates Directive is 29 years old this month and was first adopted in 1991. (universityobserver.ie)
Ireland's first NAP came into operation in 2006, which gave effect to the Nitrates Directive which was supported by national regulations. (universityobserver.ie)

Studies of nitroglycerin (an organic nitrate with a very short half-life) have shown that daily dose-free intervals of 10 to 12 hours are usually sufficient to minimize tolerance. (nih.gov)
92.2 % reduction of nitroglycerin (room temperature, 84 hours, continious bench-scale activated sludge apparatus) (non-standard method). (janusinfo.se)

and, the use of biota isotopes as indicators of nutrient sources, land use and redox (reduction-oxidation) reactions. (umd.edu)

Various assays for detecting nitrate reduction have been described. (wikipedia.org)

Farming has become more intense and that means you need to have more nutrient, more nitrate available in the soil for plants to grow and that leads to more nitrate leaching. (rnz.co.nz)
Nitrates accumulate in the corn plants when there is a large amount of readily available soil nitrates (heavy nitrogen or manure applications, legume plowdowns) and environmental factors interfere with the plants ability to metabolize it for plant growth. (ontario.ca)
The potential use of a layered double hydroxide (LDH) to act as a nitrate buffer system in soil in order to reduce the movement of nitrate was investigated. (springer.com)
The LDH adsorbed nitrate from the soil solution during the growth period without affecting plant N uptake. (springer.com)
As a result of the adsorption of nitrate on the LDH, the nitrate-N concentration in the soil solution at harvest was reduced by a factor of ten compared to a soil without LDH. (springer.com)
The LDH efficiently adsorbed nitrate that was mineralized in the soil during periods without cultivation, reduced nitrate-N leaching losses by about 80%, and kept this nitrate available for a following crop. (springer.com)
The nitrate buffer capacity of the soil after 15months increased from 0.3 (without LDH) to 2.7 with the application of 10g LDH kg −1 soil. (springer.com)
It is concluded that the LDH has a potential to be used as a long-term nitrate exchanger to control the movement of nitrate in soil, and thereby reduce risks of nitrate leaching in crop production in sensible areas. (springer.com)
Bull C (2001) Development and evaluation of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) for nitrate exchange in soil. (springer.com)

The broth is checked for substrate reduction after there is sufficient growth visible in the tube. (chemistnotes.com)
Moreover, the higher infiltration of silver nitrate suggests an easier penetration path for the oxygen molecules into the dentin substrate. (bvsalud.org)

Learn when corn damaged by dry weather for silage, green chop or grazing can develop high nitrates poisonous to livestock and silo gas. (ontario.ca)
Under certain environmental conditions, this corn can be high in nitrates (NO 3 ) which can result in the fatal poisoning of livestock, and also the death of humans from silo gas. (ontario.ca)
View a list of applicants that have been offered funding under the Methane Emissions Reduction in Livestock Stage 2: Feasibility and Development Grants. (business.gov.au)
Each EU Member State is required to prepare a Nitrates Action Programmes (NAP) that outlines the management and application of livestock manure and other fertiliser. (universityobserver.ie)

At the sixth meeting, an ADI of 0-5 mg/kg bw, expressed as sodium nitrate, was allocated. (inchem.org)

Methods for chemical analysis of cheese, Determination of nitrate and nitrite contents. (standards.govt.nz)

Both metabolic potentials and functional genes persisted at sediment depths where porewater nitrate was absent. (essex.ac.uk)
Only after nitrates have been absent from the body for several hours has their anti-anginal efficacy been restored. (nih.gov)

It is vital that Ireland retains the Nitrates Derogation to allow forsustainable farmers to remain intensive, but also efficient in their nitrogen management toprevent leaching into watercourses. (universityobserver.ie)

The reduction of NR activity was accompanied by reduction of chlorophyll and accumulation of lipids. (hindawi.com)
Nitrate accumulation is often greatest following a rain that ends an extended severe dry period. (ontario.ca)
Collagen expression and smooth muscle accumulation were increased, and lipid deposition and macrophage accumulation were reduced within atherosclerotic plaques of mice supplemented with high dose nitrate . (bvsalud.org)

Vegetative cover crops as a nitrate reduction strategy for tile drainage. (umn.edu)

However, the kinetics of nitrate secretion in rat saliva appear to have been less well studied than in humans, and even less is known concerning salivary secretion in mice. (inchem.org)

The importance and bioavailability of a KCl-extractable nitrate sediment pool remains to be tested. (essex.ac.uk)

My challenge over time has been in keeping the nitrate levels consistently down. (saltwaterfish.com)
Nitrate levels in many waters are often high. (pwgireland.ie)
Canterbury Regional Council figures show that for the ten years to the end of 2016, nitrate levels increased in 23 percent of monitored wells. (rnz.co.nz)
So far, high nitrate levels in Canterbury were confined to private wells and none of those serving communities had been found to have dangerously high readings. (rnz.co.nz)
Council groundwater science manager Carl Hanson said irrigators with higher nitrate levels were concentrated in farming areas running south from Christchurch to Ashburton. (rnz.co.nz)
Corn silage that is harvested too wet or too dry will not ferment as well, resulting in the nitrates levels remaining higher than normal. (ontario.ca)
To maximize yield and manage nitrate risks, a good strategy would be to harvest at normal cutting heights, store as silage, analyze fermented silage samples for nitrates and then manage dietary levels through feeding management. (ontario.ca)
It is difficult to predict nitrate levels. (ontario.ca)
Nitrate levels can fluctuate daily within the plant, so it is difficult to assess this dynamic risk. (ontario.ca)
The SEM micrographs indicated changes on enamel topography and different levels of silver nitrate penetration in the samples of the bleached groups. (bvsalud.org)

The nitrate/nitrite reduction test is used to assess an organism's capacity to convert nitrate to nitrite and to identify the various ways in which it can do so. (chemistnotes.com)
Several well-controlled clinical trials have used exercise testing to assess the anti-anginal efficacy of continuously-delivered nitrates. (nih.gov)
A model was proposed to assess the penetration through dental hard tissues, including enamel, using silver nitrate 9 . (bvsalud.org)

The aims of this study were to determine whether chronic dietary nitrate supplementation can prevent or reverse the progression of atherosclerosis after disease is already established, as well as to explore the underlying mechanism of these cardiovascular protective effects. (bvsalud.org)

The tank itself (where the filter, skimmer, pumps are located) is a pain to clean and maintain - it is probably the reason why the nitrates are high, because it is very time consuming and I don't get to clean it thoroughly that often. (saltwaterfish.com)
It is difficult to predict with certainty when high nitrates will occur. (ontario.ca)
Other weather events causing potentially high nitrates include hail, frost, and cloudy weather, although these are much less likely. (ontario.ca)
Although corn is the most likely forage crop to cause nitrate poisoning, high nitrates can also occur in sorghums, sudangrass and cereals. (ontario.ca)
If high nitrates are a concern, the cutter bar could be raised to leave more of the stalk in the field. (ontario.ca)
Long-term supplementation with high dose nitrate resulted in ~ 50% reduction in plaque lesion area. (bvsalud.org)
Long-term high dose nitrate significantly attenuated the progression of established atherosclerosis in the apoE -/- mice fed a HFD. (bvsalud.org)

Isosorbide dinitrate, an organic nitrate, is a vasodilator with effects on both arteries and veins. (nih.gov)
This strategy is inappropriate for organic nitrates. (nih.gov)
The daily dose-free interval sufficient to avoid tolerance to organic nitrates has not been well defined. (nih.gov)
Few well-controlled clinical trials of organic nitrates have been designed to detect rebound or withdrawal effects. (nih.gov)

HIGHEST OPERATING CAPACITY OF ANY NITRATE SELECTIVE RESINThe unique amine functional group has been optimized to retain the highest operating capacity for a selective resin. (bigbrandwater.com)

Attempts to overcome nitrate tolerance by dose escalation, even to doses far in excess of those used acutely, have consistently failed. (nih.gov)

I would like know and get recommendations about the tested efficacy of products like BioFuel, AZ-NO3, Instant Ocean's Nitrate Reducer, and similar products out on the market. (saltwaterfish.com)

Our previous study demonstrated a protective effect of dietary nitrate on the development of atherosclerosis in the apoE -/- mouse model. (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy9

Organisms45

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs116

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment13

Phenomena and Processes52

Disciplines and Occupations4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture9

Information Science3

Named Groups1

Health Care17

Geographicals1

Ammonia6

Reductase10

Ammonium9

Conversion of nitrates2

Concentrations7

Excess nitrates2

Intracellular nitrate5

Risk of nitrate2

Reduce nitrate1

Accumulate nitrate2

Pathway4

Nitric oxide1

Toxicity4

Water22

Electron6

Reductases1

Chlorine2

Sediments3

Wastewater1

Bacteria3

Abundance2

Sulfates2

Directive4

Nitroglycerin2

Redox1

Assays1

Soil9

Substrate2

Livestock4

Sodium1

Determination1

Absent2

Retains1

Accumulation3

Tile Drainage1

Kinetics1

Bioavailability1

Levels10

Assess3

Reverse1

High7

Organic4

Functional1

Dose1

Efficacy1

Dietary1