DehydrogenaseNitrate reductaseEnzymeInhibitorsGeneNitriteDisulfideEnzymesHydroxylamine reductaseDihydrofolate reductaseShort-chain dehydrogenasesThioredoxin ReductaseDehydrogenasesCytochromePathwayCatalyzesCarbonylPathwaysDeficiencyEnoylNonfunctionalMRNA and protein expressionProteomicsMutationAffinity ChromatographySuperfamilyNADPHAmino acid seqCluster proteinsInhibitorInhibitionBacillusStatinsBacteriaBovineActivityPseudomonasRecombinant proteinPutativeHumanAbstractSCOPe
Dehydrogenase5
- Enzymes catalyzing the reduction reaction of xenobiotics are mainly members of the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) and short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) superfamilies. (aspetjournals.org)
- The polyol pathway is a glucose metabolic shunt that is defined by two enzymatic reactions catalyzed by aldose reductase (AR, AKR1B1, EC1.1.1.21) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH, EC1.1.1.14), respectively [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Pre-incubation with NO/NO- donors or hydrogen peroxide resulted in a decreased reductase and dehydrogenase activity of all studied plant GSNORs. (muni.cz)
- In pea (Pisum sativum), the short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase-like protein (SAD) gene family consists of at least three members (SAD-A, -B, and -C). The SAD genes are transiently expressed in plants after short exposures to ultraviolet-B radiation, which in turn leads to formation of SAD protein in leaf and stem tissue upon prolonged irradiation. (avhandlingar.se)
- The L protein, also named dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase, is also a component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, and the branched-chain alpha-keto acide dehydrogenase complex. (thermofisher.com)
Nitrate reductase3
- Sodium tungstate was used in this study to implement nitrogen stress by inhibiting nitrate reductase (NR) in Dunaliella tertiolecta . (hindawi.com)
- Enterosalivary circulation pathway (nitrate reductase activity of bacteria on the tongue generates nitrite and nitrite which is metabolized to NO in the stomach and circulation) [Hord 2011]. (cdc.gov)
- The lack of water in plants provided a reduction in the protein and nitrate reductase contents, in leaves and roots. (bvsalud.org)
Enzyme17
- In enzymology, a protein-disulfide reductase (EC 1.8.1.8) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction protein dithiol + NAD(P)+ ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } protein disulfide + NAD(P)H + H+ The 3 substrates of this enzyme are protein dithiol, NAD+, and NADP+, whereas its 4 products are protein disulfide, NADH, NADPH, and H+. (wikipedia.org)
- The systematic name of this enzyme class is protein-dithiol:NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase. (wikipedia.org)
- Here, the structure of the third enzyme in the FAS pathway, 3-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase, is reported at a resolution of 2.25 Å. (rcsb.org)
- An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] to trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] in the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway. (umassmed.edu)
- The SPR gene provides instructions for making the sepiapterin reductase enzyme. (medlineplus.gov)
- Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Mouse Ubiquinol Cytochrome C Reductase Core Protein II (UQCRC2) in Tissue homogenates and other biological fluids. (orbitalbiosciences.com)
- The results of the study is Cyanidin 3,5-di- (6 malonylglucoside) ligand compounds that have good stability against the Plasmodium falciparum Enoyl Acyl Carrier Protein Reductase enzyme (PfENR. (uki.ac.id)
- Cyanidin 3,5-di- (6 malonylglucoside) ligand has a good bond between ligand and receptor to the stability of the Plasmodium falciparum Enoyl Acyl Carrier Protein Reductase enzyme (PfENR because there are 6 hydrogen bonds. (uki.ac.id)
- Antiserum raised in chickens to dihydrofolate reductase purified from L1210 leukemia cells by affinity chromatography inhibited the catalytic activity and the binding of methotrexate by the enzyme. (aku.edu)
- Lysates of human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells, which had neither catalytic activity for dihydrofolate reductase nor binding of methotrexate, blocked the inhibiting effect of the antiserum on the function of the enzyme in L1210 cell lysates. (aku.edu)
- These findings indicate that nonfunctional dihydrofolate reductase in human leukemia cells share an antigenic determinant(s) with a functional form of the enzyme from L1210 murine leukemia cells. (aku.edu)
- Hence, we suggest that, by designing highly potent and specific inhibitors of TryR enzyme, inhibition of T[SH] 2 reduction and overall inhibition of most of the downstream pathways including Fe/S protein activation reactions, can be accomplished. (frontiersin.org)
- S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) is the key enzyme in the degradation pathway of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), a low-molecular weight adduct of NO and glutathione. (muni.cz)
- The VKORC1 gene provides instructions for making a vitamin K epoxide reductase enzyme. (medlineplus.gov)
- The VKORC1 enzyme helps turn on (activate) clotting proteins in the pathway that forms blood clots . (medlineplus.gov)
- Warfarin prevents (inhibits) the action of the VKORC1 enzyme and slows the activation of clotting proteins and clot formation. (medlineplus.gov)
- Certain VKORC1 gene polymorphisms decrease the amount of functional VKORC1 enzyme available to help activate clotting proteins. (medlineplus.gov)
Inhibitors1
- 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) effectively reduce cholesterol levels and decrease the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (4). (cdc.gov)
Gene7
- This gene belongs to the pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase family. (nih.gov)
- Mutations in the SPR gene cause sepiapterin reductase deficiency. (medlineplus.gov)
- SPR gene mutations disrupt the production of sepiapterin reductase. (medlineplus.gov)
- The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family, and is a member of the thioredoxin (Trx) system. (cancerindex.org)
- What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
- What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
- This gene encodes the L protein of the mitochondrial glycine cleavage system. (thermofisher.com)
Nitrite1
Disulfide4
- Other names in common use include protein disulphide reductase, insulin-glutathione transhydrogenase, disulfide reductase, and NAD(P)H2:protein-disulfide oxidoreductase. (wikipedia.org)
- Catalysis of the reaction: a protein with reduced sulfide groups = a protein with oxidized disulfide bonds. (ntu.edu.sg)
- The reduced state of T[SH] 2 is maintained by NADPH-dependent trypanothione reductase (TryR) by recycling trypanothione disulfide (TS 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
- Image analysis of the matched maps identified 7 proteins that were either over- or down-expressed: activated protein kinase c receptor (LACK), alpha tubulin (×2), prostaglandin f2-alpha synthase, protein disulfide isomerase, vesicular transport protein and a hypothetical protein. (who.int)
Enzymes5
- Ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) are essential enzymes for all life by virtue of their central role in the de novo synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides, the building blocks for DNA synthesis. (lu.se)
- Class I enzymes are totally O 2 -dependent and generate a stable tyrosyl radical on the protein through activation of O 2 by a di-iron centre. (lu.se)
- This group of enzymes constitutes a protein family with at least 60 members with highly diverse functions in pro- and eukaryotes. (avhandlingar.se)
- Cytochrome P450 enzymes (P450s or CYPs) are a superfamily of heme-thiolate proteins widespread in all kingdoms of life 1 . (nature.com)
- antioxidant enzymes on tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or ultraviolet-B (UVB) induced activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) were studied. (cdc.gov)
Hydroxylamine reductase1
- Furthermore, structural analysis of Mm HCP C67Y and characterization of several Mm HCP variants with a Cys67 mutation reveal the significance of Cys67 in protein structure, metallocluster binding and hydroxylamine reductase activity. (nature.com)
Dihydrofolate reductase1
- Perwaiz Iqbal, M & Rothenberg, SP 1981, ' A nonfunctional protein in human leukemia cells reacts with antiserum to dihydrofolate reductase from L1210 leukemia cells ', Life Sciences , vol. 29, no. 7, pp. 689-696. (aku.edu)
Short-chain dehydrogenases3
- X-ray crystallography and site-directed mutagenesis were used to better understand the structure/function relationships in the family of short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR). (avhandlingar.se)
- Short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) constitute a superfamily of proteins catalysing reactions of a wide range of substrates in all life forms. (avhandlingar.se)
- Short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDRs) constitute a universal superfamily of functionally heterogeneous proteins and participate in the metabolism of steroids, prostaglandins, retinoids, aliphatic alcohols, and xenobiotics. (avhandlingar.se)
Thioredoxin Reductase1
- Three thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) isozymes are found in mammals. (cancerindex.org)
Dehydrogenases1
- Hybrid cluster proteins (HCPs) are Fe-S-O cluster-containing metalloenzymes in three distinct classes (class I and II: monomer, III: homodimer), all of which structurally related to homodimeric Ni, Fe-carbon monoxide dehydrogenases (CODHs). (nature.com)
Cytochrome5
- Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of Ubiquinol Cytochrome C Reductase Core Protein II from Mouse in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. (orbitalbiosciences.com)
- Ubiquinol-cytochrome C reductase core protein II promotes tumorigenesis by facilitating p53 degradation. (childrensmercy.org)
- We tested the stability of the proteins using fast proteolysis and performed kinetics assays of POR activities using small molecules substrates and cytochrome P450 proteins. (eurospe.org)
- POR (WT or P228L) were mixed with purified cytochrome P450 proteins and activities of cytochrome P450 proteins were assayed. (eurospe.org)
- There are two major P450 classes in terms of the native RP systems, namely, the prokaryotic Class I P450 consisting of three stand-alone components (redoxin reductase/redoxin/P450) that are all cytosolically soluble proteins and the two-component eukaryotic Class II P450 comprised of P450 and cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR), both of which are membrane-bound proteins. (nature.com)
Pathway2
- β-Ketoacyl-(acyl carrier protein) reductase (FabG) catalyzes the key reductive reaction in the elongation cycle of fatty acid synthesis (FAS), which is a vital metabolic pathway in bacteria and a promising target for new antibiotic development. (rcsb.org)
- Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Reductase-2 Promotes Colorectal Cancer Progression via Activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway. (nih.gov)
Catalyzes2
- The encoded mitochondrial protein catalyzes the conversion of pyrroline-5-carboxylate to proline, which is the last step in proline biosynthesis. (nih.gov)
- Competitively inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, which catalyzes the rate-limiting step in cholesterol synthesis. (medscape.com)
Carbonyl1
- Human carbonyl reductase. (joplink.net)
Pathways1
- In most parts of the body, there are alternate pathways that do not use sepiapterin reductase for the production of tetrahydrobiopterin, but these pathways are not found in the brain. (medlineplus.gov)
Deficiency9
- Pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 2 (PYCR2) deficiency causes hereditary spastic paraplaegia in late childhood. (nih.gov)
- Sepiapterin reductase deficiency is a condition characterized by movement problems, most often a pattern of involuntary, sustained muscle contractions known as dystonia. (medlineplus.gov)
- People with sepiapterin reductase deficiency can experience episodes called oculogyric crises. (medlineplus.gov)
- Sepiapterin reductase deficiency appears to be a rare condition. (medlineplus.gov)
- Therefore, people with sepiapterin reductase deficiency have a lack of tetrahydrobiopterin in the brain. (medlineplus.gov)
- The lack of these two neurotransmitters causes the problems with movement and other features of sepiapterin reductase deficiency. (medlineplus.gov)
- Sepiapterin reductase deficiency an autosomal recessive DOPA-responsive dystonia. (medlineplus.gov)
- Genotype-phenotype correlations in sepiapterin reductase deficiency. (medlineplus.gov)
- We previously demonstrated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice that deficiency or inhibition of aldose reductase (AR) caused significant dephosphorylation of hepatic transcriptional factor PPAR α , leading to its activation and significant reductions in serum lipid levels. (hindawi.com)
Enoyl4
- Enoyl-(Acyl-Carrier Protein) Reductase (NADPH, B-Specific)" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (umassmed.edu)
- This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Enoyl-(Acyl-Carrier Protein) Reductase (NADPH, B-Specific)" by people in this website by year, and whether "Enoyl-(Acyl-Carrier Protein) Reductase (NADPH, B-Specific)" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (umassmed.edu)
- Below are the most recent publications written about "Enoyl-(Acyl-Carrier Protein) Reductase (NADPH, B-Specific)" by people in Profiles. (umassmed.edu)
- The purpose of this study was to analyze Cyanidin 3,5-di- (6- malonylglucoside) compounds against the Plasmodium falciparum Enoyl Acyl Carrier Protein Reductase (PfENR) receptor as Anti Malaria. (uki.ac.id)
Nonfunctional1
- A nonfunctional sepiapterin reductase leads to a lack of tetrahydrobiopterin. (medlineplus.gov)
MRNA and protein expression2
- Significance Statement In this study, we comprehensively determined the mRNA and protein expression profiles of AKR and SDR isoforms involved in xenobiotic metabolism in the human intestine and found that most of them are highly expressed in the upper region, where AKR1B10, AKR7A3, and CBR1 are predominantly expressed. (aspetjournals.org)
- We found that TRIM13 mRNA and protein expression was reduced in NSCLC tissues and cell lines in comparison to paired non-cancerous tissues and a human normal bronchial epithelial cell line, respectively. (cancerindex.org)
Proteomics2
- ABSTRACT In order to define the protein expressional changes related to the process of meglumine antimoniate resistance in anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), we performed a comparative proteomics analysis on sensitive and resistant strains of Leishmania tropica isolated from Iranian CL patients. (who.int)
- The study shows the usefulness of proteomics in identifying proteins that may express differences between sensitive and resistant L. tropica isolates. (who.int)
Mutation1
Affinity Chromatography1
- We expressed human wild type and the P228L variant POR in bacteria and purified the proteins by Affinity Chromatography. (eurospe.org)
Superfamily1
- During the past years, a large number of new proteins belonging to this superfamily has been detected. (avhandlingar.se)
NADPH1
- NADPH-dependent reductase with broad substrate specificity. (joplink.net)
Amino acid seq2
- Nucleotide sequence analysis of a cDNA and amino acid sequence of the encoded protein.Wermuth B., Bohren K.M., Heinemann G., von Wartburg J.-P., Gabbay K.H.J. Biol. (joplink.net)
- A single change in the amino acid sequence can affect protein stability and cause a severe reduction in POR activity. (eurospe.org)
Cluster proteins4
- Along with its most important role as central reductant, T[SH] 2 have also been assumed to regulate the activation of iron-sulfur cluster proteins (Fe/S). Fe/S clusters are versatile cofactors of various proteins and execute a much broader range of essential biological processes viz. (frontiersin.org)
- Although, several Fe/S cluster proteins and their roles have been identified in Leishmania, some of the components of how T[SH] 2 is involved in the regulation of Fe/S proteins remains to be explored. (frontiersin.org)
- In pursuit of this aim, a systems biology approach was undertaken to get an insight into the overall picture to unravel how T[SH] 2 synthesis and reduction is linked with the regulation of Fe/S cluster proteins and controls the redox homeostasis at a larger scale. (frontiersin.org)
- This has also caused an elevated level of free radicals which apparently affected the activation of Fe/S cluster proteins. (frontiersin.org)
Inhibitor2
- The cellular Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins (cIAPs) are E3 ubiquitin ligases that regulate NF-B signaling and thereby influence cytokine production by T cells in a TRX 818 variety of settings(1). (aplarcongress.org)
- Synthetically prepared HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor with some similarities to lovastatin, simvastatin, and pravastatin. (medscape.com)
Inhibition3
- Statins exert their effects through the inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase). (biomedcentral.com)
- Inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase by statin in effect prevents the synthesis of mevalonic acid, a precursor of nonsteroidal isoprenoids, lipid attachment molecules for small G proteins, such as Ras, Rho, and Rac. (cdc.gov)
- Selective competitive inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase decreases cholesterol synthesis and increases cholesterol metabolism. (medscape.com)
Bacillus1
- Crystal structure of a 3-oxoacyl-(acylcarrier protein) reductase (BA3989) from Bacillus anthracis at 2.4-A resolution. (ox.ac.uk)
Statins1
- Thus, statins may inhibit the synthesis of isoprenoids and thereby suppress the activation of small G proteins (7). (cdc.gov)
Bacteria1
- These bacteriophages appear to be most similar to bacteriophages that infect Pseudomonas and Ralstonia rather than Enterobacteriales bacteria by protein similarity, however, we were only able to detect infection of Erwinia and the closely related strains of Pantoea . (frontiersin.org)
Bovine3
- Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer. (betalifesci.com)
- Bovine adrenodoxin (Adx) and adrenodoxin reductase (AdR) are involved in steroid hormone biosynthesis in the adrenal gland mitochondria. (nature.com)
- Our preliminary study using 2D isolates were recovered from liq- new cases throughout the world cu- gel electrophoresis in drug sensitive/ uid nitrogen, and sub-cultured in taneous leishmaniasis (CL) remains resistant strains of L. tropica showed RPMI1640 medium (Gibco/BRL) a serious public health problem in that some proteins were differentially supplemented with 10% fetal bovine numerous countries [1,2]. (who.int)
Activity2
- Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. (betalifesci.com)
- Accessory potassium channel protein which modulates the activity of the pore-forming alpha subunit. (ucsc.edu)
Pseudomonas1
- For example, putidaredoxin (Pdx) and putidaredoxin reductase (PdR) from Pseudomonas putida represent the first discovered bacterial P450 RP system served as the native PR for P450cam (CYP101A1) in camphor oxidation 9 , 10 . (nature.com)
Recombinant protein1
- Full length human recombinant protein of human DLD produced in HEK293T cell. (thermofisher.com)
Putative3
- hypA , putative hydrogenase nickel incorporation protein. (cdc.gov)
- Their proteomes are highly unstudied, with over 200 putative proteins with no known homologs. (frontiersin.org)
- The production of 27 of these putative proteins was confirmed by mass spectrometry analysis. (frontiersin.org)
Human1
- Disease variants of human Δ(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 2 (PYCR2). (nih.gov)
Abstract1
- article{fdad36cc-943b-4ada-8339-bd3cbc61da06, abstract = {{α1-Microglobulin (A1M) is a reductase and radical scavenger involved in physiological protection against oxidative damage. (lu.se)
SCOPe1
- Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)