AnatomyDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureHumanitiesInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth CareGeographicals
Pelvic Organ ProlapsePelvic FloorRectoceleUterine ProlapseProlapseRectal ProlapseCystocelePelvic Floor DisordersUrinary Incontinence, StressPessariesPerineumUrinary IncontinenceMitral Valve ProlapseGynecologic Surgical ProceduresVisceral ProlapseDefecographyFecal IncontinenceVaginaSurgical MeshAnal CanalBiofeedback, PsychologyUrodynamicsHysterectomy, VaginalConstipationExercise TherapyLigamentsUrethraSuburethral SlingsUrologic Surgical ProceduresGynecological ExaminationDiagnostic Techniques, UrologicalPelvisMuscle ContractionPalpationParityElastic TissueDefecationIntussusceptionRectal DiseasesDyspareuniaVaginal FistulaAortic Valve ProlapseHerniaMuscle StrengthShameDelivery, ObstetricSacrumUrinary Bladder, OveractiveColpotomyReflex, AbdominalUrinationParturitionVaginal DiseasesManometryUrinary BladderValsalva ManeuverLongitudinal LigamentsTreatment OutcomeMusclesQuality of LifePregnancyHysterectomyFloors and FloorcoveringsRectumElectric Stimulation TherapySurgical StaplingGuatemalaElectromyographyProspective StudiesWomenImaging, Three-DimensionalTricuspid Valve ProlapseNursing AssessmentUtahMuscle, SkeletalMuscle ProteinsMuscle, SmoothSexualityEpisiotomySeverity of Illness IndexSurgical StaplersDigestive System Surgical ProceduresPatient SatisfactionAmino Acid Oxidoreductases
UterusVaginaRectumCystoceleUterine prolapseEnteroceleLigamentsFecal incontinenceStress urinary incoPressure on the pelvic floorConnectiveUrinaryWeakenBowelHysterectomyRisk of pelvic organ prConstipationSeverityProvide support to the prolapsedType of prolapseTypes of prolapseSymptoms of prolapseAbdominalWeaknessNervesDysfunctionPelvisOccursSymptomaticBulgeTissues and musclesSurgicalRectalRepair of the prolapsePregnancySurgery for prolapseSupport the prolapsedPrevent prolapseChronicDisordersTreatmentsOveractiveAnteriorHemorrhoidsBladder and pelvic floorPhysical therapistsSurgeriesExercisesReconstructiveSeverePosterior vaginalCesareanPainful IntercourseVaginal wallsAnal sphinctContractionMenopause
Uterus23
  • A prolapse occurs in a woman when one of the pelvic organs (ie the bladder, uterus, rectum or intestines) loses its supports and "falls" down into the vagina. (aua.com.au)
  • There are many different operations available for prolapse which vary according to the type and severity of prolapse, whether the uterus is present, and both the woman's and surgeon's preference. (aua.com.au)
  • The correct treatment for any individual can only be determined after thorough evaluation of the prolapse and consideration of multiple factors including prolapse severity, symptom severity, desire for further children or a woman's preference in retaining the uterus, previous surgery performed for prolapse, and consideration of the potential risks and complications of any treatment. (aua.com.au)
  • When grading individual organ prolapse, the rectum, bladder and uterus are individually assessed, with prolapse of the rectum referred to as a rectocele, bladder prolapse through the anterior vaginal wall a cystocele, and small bowel an enterocele. (woman-health.org)
  • The pelvic floor acts like a sling to support the organs in your pelvis - including the bladder, rectum, and uterus or prostate. (woman-health.org)
  • Pelvic organ prolapse happens when the muscles holding a woman's pelvic organs (uterus, rectum and bladder) in place loosen and become too stretched out. (woman-health.org)
  • Pelvic organ prolapse is the descent of 1 or more pelvic organs (bladder, uterus, rectum) towards the vagina. (birthtrauma.org.au)
  • They act like a hammock or a trampoline supporting your pelvic organs (like your bladder, uterus and rectum). (jennadalton.com)
  • Both your bladder and uterus could be prolapsed, for example. (jennadalton.com)
  • This weakening causes one or more pelvic organs (i.e., the uterus, bladder, and rectum) to shift from their usual position and descend into the vaginal canal. (femicushion.com)
  • A total vaginal hysterectomy involves complete removal of the uterus and is typically done in advanced cases of vaginal prolapse. (femicushion.com)
  • Uterine prolapse is the descent of the uterus. (sensolia.ca)
  • Pelvic organ prolapse is a condition in which a woman's pelvic organs (primarily the uterus, vagina, bladder, bowels, and rectum) move from their normal position and push down into the vagina, causing a bulge in the vagina similar to a hernia. (bcm.edu)
  • Prolapse of these components of the wall can trigger subsequent prolapse of the cervix and/or uterus-or the vaginal cuff following hysterectomy . (medscape.com)
  • Uterine prolapse is descent of the uterus toward or past the introitus. (msdmanuals.com)
  • A Kegel is simply a contraction of the pelvic floor muscles, which are the sling-like muscles that surround and support the bladder, the vagina and uterus, and the rectum. (healthguide911.com)
  • You can begin strengthening the pelvic floor prior to getting pregnant and continue strengthening it during pregnancy by performing Kegel exercises as long as you do not experience contractions of the uterus while doing them. (healthguide911.com)
  • Pelvic organ prolapse arises when the muscles and ligaments that normally support the pelvic organs weaken, leading to the descent of one or more pelvic organs (such as the uterus, rectum, or bladder) into the vaginal canal or protruding from the body. (femicushion.com)
  • Urine spurts out when you cough or sneeze because childbirth has damaged the muscles of the pelvic floor, the muscles that hold the bladder and uterus in alignment to each other. (skepticalob.com)
  • When the muscles of the pelvic floor are damaged, the uterus can prolapse into the vagina or even through it to protrude outside the vagina. (skepticalob.com)
  • Pelvic organ prolapse is a condition where one or more of the pelvic organs (such as the bladder, uterus or rectum) descends from their normal position and pushes against the walls of the vagina. (bcm.edu)
  • Normal pelvic organ support is provided by the interaction between the levator ani muscles (LAMs) and the connective tissues that attach the uterus and vagina to the pelvic sidewalls (cardinal and uterosacral ligaments). (obgynkey.com)
  • This force then places abnormal tension on the tissues that attach the uterus and vagina to the pelvic walls. (obgynkey.com)
Vagina20
Rectum19
Cystocele2
Uterine prolapse5
Enterocele2
Ligaments9
Fecal incontinence5
Stress urinary inco2
Pressure on the pelvic floor4
  • Conditions that cause increased pressure on the pelvic floor, e.g. (aua.com.au)
  • SUI is a leakage of urine that occurs when there is added pressure on the pelvic floor and bladder during activities such as coughing, sneezing, laughing or running. (birthtrauma.org.au)
  • Excess abdominal weight creates excessive intra-abdominal pressure on the pelvic floor compared to women with a healthy weight. (sensolia.ca)
  • It's all about pressure management and learning how to properly brace the core so as not to create excessive downward pressure on the pelvic floor. (2thecorecalgary.com)
Connective13
  • The myofascial system is the connective tissue that coats our muscles, nerves, blood vessels, and bones, and runs throughout our bodies. (woman-health.org)
  • Pelvic surgeons who treat rectocele must have an excellent understanding of the normal anatomy, interactions of the connective tissue and muscular supports of the pelvis, and the relationship between anatomy and function. (medscape.com)
  • This continence support system consists of the pelvic floor muscles, the connective tissue of the pelvic organs, the bladder and urethra, and the pelvic bones. (mississaugapelvichealth.com)
  • Vaginal childbirth can cause direct damage to the pelvic floor muscles and connective tissue attachments in the pelvis. (sensolia.ca)
  • Pelvic organ prolapse occurs when the pelvic floor muscles and connective tissues that support these organs become stretched, weakened or torn and can no longer hold the pelvic organs in their normal position. (bcm.edu)
  • Age-related changes can weaken the pelvic floor muscles and connective tissues. (bcm.edu)
  • Health conditions - Health issues that increase intraabdominal pressure, such as obesity, chronic coughing and repeated straining due to constipation, can weaken and injure the pelvic floor muscles and connective tissue over time. (bcm.edu)
  • Some diseases that affect the connective tissue may lead to pelvic floor dysfunction and prolapse. (uturology.com)
  • When these muscle separate, the connective tissue that runs vertically between the left and right sides (linea alba) joining these muscles stretches sideways, causing it to become thinner and weaker. (2thecorecalgary.com)
  • Your pelvic floor is the group of muscles and connective tissue that supports your pelvic organs. (muschealth.org)
  • As is true throughout the body, both muscles and connective tissues work together and are essential for structural support. (obgynkey.com)
  • This illustrates the principle of alignment within the biomechanical system of the pelvis, which depends on the muscles being strong enough to keep the hiatus closed and the connective tissues strong enough to resist deformation in order to hold the organs in place in response to increased load (e.g., during a cough). (obgynkey.com)
  • The bladder wall is made of a deep muscle and connective tissue layer and on top of this deep muscle and connective tissue layer is a superficial layer including the transitional cell lining and some superficial muscle tissue. (usadelaware.com)
Urinary14
Weaken3
  • If a person undergoes several gynecological or rectal surgeries, this can also weaken the pelvic floor and lead to a rectocele. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Like a long, hard pushing phase during labour, use of instruments during labour (forceps or vacuum), the drop in estrogen during menopause that can weaken pelvic floor tissues, and chronic lung diseases (like asthma) that cause you to cough a ton, to name a few. (jennadalton.com)
  • The stretching of your abdominal muscles during pregnancy can weaken your core. (healthguide911.com)
Bowel8
Hysterectomy3
Risk of pelvic organ pr3
Constipation2
  • A rectocele can lead to constipation and discomfort, but if it is small, there may be no symptoms. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • METHODS: Risk factors for chronic constipation and faecal incontinence were long-listed from scientific literature, then anonymously evaluated (by 50 predominantly colorectal surgical experts from the UK Pelvic Floor Society) using a Delphi technique. (bvsalud.org)
Severity4
Provide support to the prolapsed1
  • These medical devices provide support to the prolapsed pelvic organ, helping it return to its correct position. (femicushion.com)
Type of prolapse3
Types of prolapse2
  • Some people may experience different types of prolapse at the same time, such as both an anterior and posterior vaginal wall prolapse. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • It will discuss the different types of prolapse surgeries, how to prepare for them, and what to expect during and after the procedure. (femicushion.com)
Symptoms of prolapse3
Abdominal4
  • Your doctor may also look for abdominal rigidity and a tendency for you to stiffen your abdominal muscles in response to pressure over the inflamed appendix (guarding). (onehospital.mk)
  • As elucidated earlier in our blog, the viscera can affect a host of things even including how well the abdominal muscles reunite following pregnancy or any abdominal surgery. (woman-health.org)
  • Similar to abdominal hernias, pelvic organ prolapse can be considered a herniation of either pelvic or abdominal contents through a structural weakness in the pelvic floor. (medscape.com)
  • The LAMs maintain a balanced system-and therefore remain closed-in response to increased forces (e.g., rise in abdominal pressure during Valsalva), thereby preventing prolapse. (obgynkey.com)
Weakness4
  • Prolapse is due to a weakness in the usual supporting tissues and muscles of the pelvis. (aua.com.au)
  • Weakness in one muscle can cause another muscle to overcompensate and become tight. (2thecorecalgary.com)
  • This weakness can be exacerbated with vaginal delivery, which can result in tearing of the muscles, and possibly episiotomy. (healthguide911.com)
  • This can be caused by a variety of factors, including muscle weakness, nerve damage or certain medical conditions. (bcm.edu)
Nerves6
  • Nerves, organs, and joints can lose their natural mobility over time and cause a whole host of symptoms from pain, to loss of range of motion, and poor functioning of the bodily symptoms. (woman-health.org)
  • Pregnancy and childbirth - Pregnancy and vaginal delivery can damage the pelvic floor muscles and nerves. (bcm.edu)
  • Diseases that affect the nerves that control the pelvic floor include diabetes, Parkinson's disease, stroke, back surgery, and spinal stenosis. (uturology.com)
  • If the nerves connecting to the rectal and anal muscles are damaged, it could result in rectal prolapse. (smileshospitals.com)
  • Pelvic floor physiotherapy , either through biofeedback or electrical stimulation of the nerves in the bladder and pelvic floor to strengthen and control muscles there. (muschealth.org)
  • When the muscles, nerves, and fascial structures involved in creating the vaginal high-pressure zone that holds the hiatus closed are damaged or weakened, the hiatus in the LAM complex can easily be pushed open. (obgynkey.com)
Dysfunction12
  • Once we determine the cause of our patient's pelvic floor dysfunction, we design a plan tailored to the patient's needs. (woman-health.org)
  • Pelvic floor dysfunction can be diagnosed by history and physical exam, though it is more accurately graded by imaging. (woman-health.org)
  • To assess the degree of dysfunction, three measurements must be taken into account. (woman-health.org)
  • Pelvic floor dysfunction is very different than pelvic organ prolapse. (woman-health.org)
  • Thank you Dr. Northrup for sharing great information about pelvic floor dysfunction. (woman-health.org)
  • In addition, trauma to nerve fibres by tissue stretching during childbirth contributes to pelvic floor dysfunction. (sensolia.ca)
  • What is Pelvic Floor Dysfunction? (uturology.com)
  • How is pelvic floor dysfunction diagnosed? (uturology.com)
  • Our urologists are experts in pelvic flood dysfunction and pelvic reconstructive surgery. (uturology.com)
  • A background in gynecology is ideal for evaluating the prospective cosmetic vaginal surgery patient because gynecologic disease or dysfunction may be aggravated if a procedure is performed at the wrong time (e.g. vaginal tightening in a woman who plans on delivering vaginally in the near future or in a woman who has significant pelvic floor defects). (iscgmedia.com)
  • We offer a comprehensive approach with coordinated medical and surgical management of pelvic floor dysfunction, supported by an expert nursing team. (bcm.edu)
  • A multidisciplinary approach is especially helpful for patients with pelvic floor dysfunction and previous surgical intervention, pelvic floor trauma and/or obstetrics injury during vaginal delivery. (bcm.edu)
Pelvis5
Occurs5
  • This ligation occurs in an area less sensitive to pain and is then followed by the repositioning of prolapsed hemorrhoids at their original site. (onehospital.mk)
  • Overactivity occurs when muscles activate too much, and too frequently, which results in hypertonic (tight) muscles that over time, may become weak as well, as their state of hypertonicity leads to an inability to further contract. (mississaugapelvichealth.com)
  • Rectal prolapse occurs over time, gradually developing symptoms. (smileshospitals.com)
  • When pelvic prolapse occurs, the muscles and tissues of the pelvic become weak or damaged and can no longer support the organs. (kcobgyn.com)
  • Gross hematuria is blood in the urine that occurs to such a degree that it is visible to the individual while urinating. (usadelaware.com)
Symptomatic3
  • Data on symptomatic women with prolapse are somewhat more robust. (medscape.com)
  • Only symptomatic prolapses should be managed. (sensolia.ca)
  • Pelvic organ prolapse refers to the symptomatic descent of at least two parts of the vaginal wall-the anterior/posterior walls and the apex. (medscape.com)
Bulge1
Tissues and muscles2
Surgical5
Rectal10
Repair of the prolapse1
Pregnancy4
Surgery for prolapse1
Support the prolapsed1
  • Sacrocolpopexy involves using a synthetic mesh or graft tissue to support the prolapsed organs and anchor them to the sacrum, the triangular bone at the base of the spine. (femicushion.com)
Prevent prolapse1
Chronic2
Disorders7
Treatments3
Overactive3
Anterior2
  • One of the difficulties in reviewing studies of pelvic organ prolapse is that these studies include all support defects (eg, defects of the vaginal apex, anterior wall, posterior wall), although most women have support defects at multiple locations. (medscape.com)
  • Following a defecography last week, I've been diagnosed with small anterior and posterior rectoceles and pelvic floor laxity. (wholewoman.com)
Hemorrhoids1
Bladder and pelvic floor1
  • By recognising the prevalence of bladder and pelvic floor issues amongst women, and the importance of treatment based on specific and accurate diagnosis, Korda became a founding partner of the Sydney Urodynamic Centre in 1980. (wikipedia.org)
Physical therapists4
  • And, many pelvic floor physical therapists use Pilates reformers as part of their practices. (woman-health.org)
  • What sets pelvic floor physical therapists apart is their in depth understanding of the muscles and surrounding structures of the pelvic floor, beyond what was taught in physical therapy graduate school. (woman-health.org)
  • As physical therapists, are our hands are amazing gifts and phenomenal diagnostic tools that we can use to assess restrictions, tender points, swelling, muscle guarding, atrophy, nerve irritation and skeletal malalignment. (woman-health.org)
  • Retraining the external urethral sphincter an be helpful for some people after prostate removal, and that's where we pelvic floor physical therapists come in. (jessicarealept.com)
Surgeries1
  • Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is very common, and it is the indication for more than 200,000 surgeries in the United States annually. (medscape.com)
Exercises7
  • What that means for a patient who is seeking the help of a pelvic floor physical therapist, is that his or her pelvic floor issues will be examined and treated comprehensively with both internal and external treatment, provide them with lifestyle modifications to help remove any triggers, and receive specific exercises and treatment to help prevent the reoccurrence of pain once he or she has been successfully treated. (woman-health.org)
  • The exercises, known as Kegel, are voluntary activation and contraction of the pelvic floor muscles. (sensolia.ca)
  • Pelvic floor exercises (Kegel exercises), biofeedback, and hormone replacement therapy may help. (uturology.com)
  • This can often be categorized as prolapse, even though it is completely normal and will often heal on its own with gentle corrective exercises and breathing (and not to mention rest! (2thecorecalgary.com)
  • Performing these kegel exercises women can help train the muscles to treat bladder leaks, pelvic organ prolapse, and low back and hip pain, and can improve sex. (healthguide911.com)
  • The good news is that these muscles will heal just as any other muscles would, and they will respond to Kegel exercises with improved strength just as other muscles would. (healthguide911.com)
  • Whether through exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, medication, or other interventions, there is hope for individuals experiencing sexual difficulties as a result of pelvic floor conditions. (bcm.edu)
Reconstructive3
  • As part of the Urodynamic Unit at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital in 1981, he became an accredited subspecialist in pelvic floor muscle disorder and reconstructive pelvic surgery in 1989. (wikipedia.org)
  • A number of iatrogenic factors may contribute to POP, including failure to adequately correct all pelvic support defects during pelvic reconstructive surgery. (medscape.com)
  • Our urologists are fellowship-trained in female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery, which means they've gone through additional years of specialized training. (muschealth.org)
Severe7
  • Most people can treat a rectocele at home, but a severe case may need surgery. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Many women with less severe (low grade) prolapse have no symptoms and if this is the case, no further treatment is necessary. (aua.com.au)
  • The less severe forms of prolapse may only be evident on a vaginal examination by a doctor and can occur without any symptoms. (aua.com.au)
  • This provides a measurement of pelvic floor descent, with descent greater than 2 cm being considered mild, and 6 cm being considered severe. (woman-health.org)
  • The grading of organ prolapse relative to the hiatus is more strict, with any descent being considered abnormal, and greater than 4 cm being considered severe. (woman-health.org)
  • It's not severe and as long as they take steps to support their core and pelvic floor recovery postpartum - which I recommend all women do - they likely will continue to be asymptomatic throughout their life. (jennadalton.com)
  • If the prolapse is not severe, lifestyle changes can help. (uturology.com)
Posterior vaginal4
  • Other names for a rectocele are a posterior vaginal wall prolapse or proctocele. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Many cases of prolapse of the posterior vaginal wall occur along with other pelvic support defects. (medscape.com)
  • This procedure was originally designed to repair perineal tears and included plication of the pubococcygeus muscles and the posterior vaginal wall (effectively creating a perineal shelf and partially closing the genital hiatus) with reconstruction of the perineal body. (medscape.com)
  • Posterior vaginal repair is also known as rectocele repair. (femicushion.com)
Cesarean1
Painful Intercourse1
Vaginal walls2
  • The truth is, almost every woman has some degree of laxity in their vaginal walls in the early postpartum period. (2thecorecalgary.com)
  • If the muscles, under the control of complex neural reflexes, fail to hold the hiatus closed, the vaginal walls descend so that one or both vaginal walls protrude below and through the levator hiatus. (obgynkey.com)
Anal sphinct1
  • Treatment may include strategies to help you fully empty your bowels and strengthening of the pelvic floor and anal sphincter muscles (which help to detect and control wind and stool). (birthtrauma.org.au)
Contraction4
  • Characterised "by an inability to meet the demands of maintaining continence or pelvic organ support due to deficits in power, endurance, or correctly timed coordination of contraction. (physio-pedia.com)
  • I remember working with a urologist previously who told all patients after prostatectomy to do 10 second pelvic floor contraction holds, 10 times, every hour of the day. (jessicarealept.com)
  • Women who experience painful penetration should see a pelvic physical therapist as they may be experiencing vaginismus, which is the often-painful involuntary contraction of vaginal muscles. (healthguide911.com)
  • The subtypes are classified by the degree of leakage, descent and opening of the bladder neck and URETHRA without bladder contraction, and sphincter deficiency. (lookformedical.com)
Menopause2