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Recombination, GeneticRad52 DNA Repair and Recombination ProteinRad51 RecombinaseHomologous RecombinationRec A RecombinasesDNA RepairMeiosisDNA-Binding ProteinsChromosome PairingDNA HelicasesDNA Breaks, Double-StrandedSynaptonemal ComplexDNA DamageDNA, Single-StrandedMolecular Sequence DataDNA ReplicationMutationReplication Protein ABase SequenceSaccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsEndodeoxyribonucleasesDNA Repair EnzymesEscherichia coliSaccharomyces cerevisiaeBacteriophage T4ExodeoxyribonucleasesSchizosaccharomyces pombe ProteinsCrossing Over, GeneticDNA, FungalSchizosaccharomycesV(D)J RecombinationBacteriophage lambdaDNAPlasmidsCell Cycle ProteinsChromosomesFungal ProteinsNuclear ProteinsIntegrasesEscherichia coli ProteinsViral ProteinsAmino Acid SequenceDNA, BacterialModels, GeneticGene ConversionAdenosine TriphosphatasesRecombinasesBacterial ProteinsDNA NucleotidyltransferasesChromosome MappingVDJ RecombinasesRecombinant ProteinsSequence Homology, Amino AcidEvolution, MolecularProtein BindingImmunoglobulin Class SwitchingPhylogenyGenetic VariationAllelesAttachment Sites, MicrobiologicalChromosomes, FungalSequence Analysis, DNAImmunoglobulin Joining RegionGenetic MarkersCrosses, GeneticGenes, RAG-1Genetic LinkageGene RearrangementImmunoglobulin Switch RegionRepetitive Sequences, Nucleic AcidGene TargetingSequence Homology, Nucleic AcidGenome, ViralExodeoxyribonuclease VRestriction MappingRecombinational DNA RepairDNA, CruciformSelection, GeneticDNA Transposable ElementsCloning, MolecularBlotting, SouthernGene DeletionDNA, ViralChromosome InversionGene Rearrangement, B-LymphocytePolymerase Chain ReactionGenotypeGenes, FungalNucleic Acid HeteroduplexesChromosomes, BacterialSister Chromatid ExchangeDiploidyEndonucleasesCell LineRecQ HelicasesHaploidyGenomic InstabilityPhenotypeGenetic VectorsTransformation, Genetic
Homologous recombinationMeioticReplicationGenesChromosomeGenomeMutationsInitiationEukaryoticGeneticMitotic recombinationTranscriptionKinaseInteractionsRAG2BacterialComplexesSequencesGenomicDouble-strand break repairLocusStrainsPathwaysImmunoglobulinPathwayHelicasesTopologyEncodesProcessesBRCA2YeastNuclearRecombinantMechanismsRepair proteinOxidative stressRedoxSequenceAminoMeiosis-specificMembraneRAD51MethodsComplexFunctionalMechanismHelicaseMyelin
Homologous recombination22
Meiotic7
  • Meiotic recombination is a critical process for plant breeding, as it creates novel allele combinations that can be exploited for crop improvement. (nature.com)
  • In wheat, a complex allohexaploid that has a diploid-like behaviour, meiotic recombination between homoeologous or alien chromosomes is suppressed through the action of several loci. (nature.com)
  • The genetics of chromosome pairing and meiotic recombination is complicated by the allopolyploid nature of many crops, a widespread feature in the plant kingdom 3 . (nature.com)
  • PR domain-containing protein 9 (PRDM9) is a major regulator of the localization of meiotic recombination hotspots in the human and mouse genomes. (springer.com)
  • Meiotic recombination is initiated by programmed DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), generated by SPO11 and accessory proteins (de Massy 2013 ). (springer.com)
  • Senataxin plays an essential role with DNA damage response proteins in meiotic recombination and gene silencing. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Ataxialike disorder (ATLD) syndrome involves a mutation in meiotic recombination 11 homolog (MRE11). (medscape.com)
Replication11
  • RAD54 moves along the length of the DNA, producing positive supercoils ahead of the replication protein movement and negative supercoils trailing the complex. (wikipedia.org)
  • Reference: In vivo interactions of genes and proteins in DNA replication and recombination of phage T4. (neb.com)
  • Many mutations that interfere with recombination also interfere with initiation of secondary replication. (neb.com)
  • A report of the Keystone Symposium 'DNA Replication and Recombination' held in Keystone, USA, 27 February to 4 March 2011. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The triennial Keystone Symposium on 'DNA Replication and Recombination' brought together researchers working on various aspects of genome duplication, recombination and repair. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A clear trend of this exciting meeting was a further shift from 'ovals and arrows' models to a more mechanistic understanding of the processes underlying DNA replication and recombination. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Several of the presentations revealed an intimate link between DNA replication and DNA recombination, bringing these two fields closer together than ever. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The MCM2-7 protein complex is the precursor of the replicative helicase that unwinds DNA in front of the active replication complex. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Botchan's work further indicates that Cdc45 has a structure similar to the bacterial recombination protein RecJ, linking replication and recombination. (biomedcentral.com)
  • WRN protein is thought to be involved in optimization of various aspects of DNA metabolism, including DNA repair, recombination, replication, and transcription. (amrita.edu)
  • Mechanisms for maintaining genetic information during cell division and the generation of genetic variation: replication, mitosis, meiosis, recombination. (lu.se)
Genes6
  • Analyzing bacteria in late exponential phase, we capture ~40% ( E. faecalis ) and 43% ( E. faecium ) of the annotated protein-coding genes, determine 5′ and 3′ UTR (untranslated region) length, and detect instances of leaderless mRNAs. (frontiersin.org)
  • As a result, a method is needed which can both monitor the long-term epidemiology of the pneumococcus among a large number of isolates, and analyze vaccine-candidate genes, such as pspA, for mutations and recombination events that could result in 'vaccine escape' strains. (jcvi.org)
  • Although senataxin's role in cells is not completely understood, it appears to be involved in the production of proteins from genes (transcription), the processing of RNA molecules, and the repair of damaged DNA. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Omenn syndrome is the result of mutations in the genes coding for recombinases (recombination activating genes). (medscape.com)
  • Each mAb demonstrates slight differences in epitope specificity, for example, recognition of hydrogenated MDI (HMDI) or different carrier proteins (transferrin, actin) reacted with vapor phase HDI, and is encoded by unique recombination of different germline antibody genes, with distinct complementary determining regions. (cdc.gov)
  • To reduce the risk of analyzing cell line- pathway can be divided into distinct stages based on the specific features, we used several representative cell lines for recombination status of the Ig genes and on the expression each of four major stages in B cell development: pro-B, pre-B, pattern of surface markers and the presence of intracellular proteins [1- 6]. (lu.se)
Chromosome1
  • DSB sites are preferentially located within chromatin loops, while several proteins that are required for DSB formation (Rec114, Mei4, and Mer2) localize on the chromosome axis (Blat et al. (springer.com)
Genome2
  • Partial sequencing of the virus capsid protein coding region (VP1) of the poliovirus genome at the MDH laboratory identified it as a vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV). (cdc.gov)
  • The viral genome demonstrates no recombination with other polioviruses or species C enteroviruses. (cdc.gov)
Mutations6
  • RAD54's involvement as a necessary recombinational protein is supported in the finding that there are mutations of RAD54 in a small percentage of studied breast and colon carcinomas, as well as several lymphomas. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mutations in the CD-loop region of the D2 protein in Synechocystis sp. (elsevierpure.com)
  • PCC 6803, most of which carried combinatorial mutations in residues 164-170, 179-186, or 187-194 of the D2 protein. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Most mutations replace single protein building blocks (amino acids) in senataxin. (medlineplus.gov)
  • These 2 syndromes, AT and NBS, are part of a family of mutations involving proteins involved in DNA repair. (medscape.com)
  • Artemis deficiency (with mutations in the Artemis protein resulting in defective VDJ recombinationD decreases both T cells and B cells and can be considered part of a subset of SCIDs. (medscape.com)
Initiation2
  • An alternative function of RAD54 may be to remove RAD51 proteins after joints formation and recombination initiation has occurred. (wikipedia.org)
  • Rag-1 and Rag-2 and initiation of Ig recombination events [7]. (lu.se)
Eukaryotic2
  • This interface is observed frequently in proteins that contain leucine zipper domains such as eukaryotic transcription factors. (jove.com)
  • DNA topology is dependent on axis proteins during eukaryotic cellular processes. (bham.ac.uk)
Genetic2
  • This combinatorial process, known as V(D)J recombination, allows the generation of an enormous range of binding specificities from a limited amount of genetic information. (lu.se)
  • The human bone morphogenet ic protein (rhBMP) developed by genetic engineering, was isolated by Urist, in 1965, and it is considered a substance capable of inducing differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts, the cells that are responsible for the synthesis of bone matrix. (bvsalud.org)
Mitotic recombination1
  • These mutants are most likely defective in both the spontaneous and induced mitotic recombination processes. (wikipedia.org)
Transcription2
  • PRDM9 is a member of the PRDM family of transcription regulators, but unlike other family members, it contains a Krüppel-associated box (KRAB)-related domain that is predicted to be a potential protein interaction domain. (springer.com)
  • It also modulates gene transcription and recombination [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
Kinase1
  • For instance, many enzymes, such as protein kinase A here, form a cleft that can recognize and bind polypeptide loops of their binding partners. (jove.com)
Interactions7
  • As the assembly was carried out in the absence of ATP, this suggests that formation of the holoenzyme from the individual subcomplexes is solely driven by protein-protein interactions at the interface. (upstate.edu)
  • Unlike reversible disassembly, which requires ATP hydrolysis on V 1 to break protein-protein interactions, Oxr1p mediated disassembly of V-ATPase is ATP independent and therefore a novel mode of activity regulation. (upstate.edu)
  • Many biological processes depend on protein-protein interactions. (jove.com)
  • Similar to ligand binding sites, interactions at a protein-protein interface may involve non-covalent bonds and hydrophobic forces. (jove.com)
  • Many proteins form complexes to carry out their functions, making protein-protein interactions (PPIs) essential for an organism's survival. (jove.com)
  • Laboratory methods, such as affinity purification, mass spectrometry, and protein microarrays, can be used to identify new interactions. (jove.com)
  • Computer programs can predict PPIs based on similar interactions found in other proteins by comparing protein sequences and three-dimensional structures. (jove.com)
RAG21
  • The RAG1/RAG2 complex initiates this process by binding to the conserved Recombination Signal Sequences (RSS) and introducing a double-strand break between the RSS and the adjacent coding segment. (lu.se)
Bacterial3
  • Stephen Kowalczykowski (University of California, Davis, USA) described for the first time the purification of this impressive 3,418-amino-acid protein and reported that it binds RAD51 (the human homolog of bacterial RecA) and promotes RAD51 assembly onto single-stranded DNA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We were only able to observe fluorescence native to bacterial proteins. (igem.org)
  • It is a fantastic recognition of the work that people in our lab have been doing for many years: first on protein synthesis, antibiotics targeting it and antibiotic resistance mechanisms that counter the antibiotics - and more recently, on bacterial viruses, bacteriophages. (lu.se)
Complexes1
  • In fact, a large number of proteins need to form protein complexes or oligomers to carry out their functions. (jove.com)
Sequences1
  • Bioinformatic analyses of DNA- and protein sequences. (lu.se)
Genomic3
  • It can be accessed online at www.helmholtz-hiri.de/en/datasets/enterococcus through an instance of the genomic viewer JBrowse. (frontiersin.org)
  • Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and coordinates. (yeastgenome.org)
  • Evidence is strong human Lyme disease cases reported in the Northeast and that recombination occurs within a genomic lineage of B. burgdorferi ( 15-17 ). (cdc.gov)
Double-strand break repair1
  • The encoded protein is a member of the MRE11/RAD50 double-strand break repair complex which consists of 5 proteins. (origene.com)
Locus1
  • Recent evidence now points to TaZIP4-B2 (the additional ZIP4 copy on 5BL) as being responsible for the effect of this locus on homoeologous recombination 20 , 21 . (nature.com)
Strains2
  • The C7-3 mutant had the highest TL intensity, whereas no Q-band was detected in the mutants with fast Q(A) - decay (t(1/2) = 45-50 ms). The correlated changes in the rate of recombination and in TL yield in these strains suggest the existence of a nonradiative pathway of charge recombination between Q(A) - and the donor side. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein. (yeastgenome.org)
Pathways1
  • The results presented here highlight the presence of two charge recombination pathways and the importance of the CD-loop of the D2 protein in determination of the energy gap between the P680 + S 1 and P680S 2 states. (elsevierpure.com)
Immunoglobulin4
  • Immunoglobulin J Recombination Signal Sequence-Binding Protein" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Immunoglobulin J Recombination Signal Sequence-Binding Protein" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Immunoglobulin J Recombination Signal Sequence-Binding Protein" was a major or minor topic of these publication. (harvard.edu)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "Immunoglobulin J Recombination Signal Sequence-Binding Protein" by people in Profiles. (harvard.edu)
  • Here we compare the contributions of classs-witch recombination and somatic hypermutation to the diversification of the serum immunoglobulin repertoire and review evidence that suggests that, despite clear differences, the two processes may share some aspects of their mechanism in common. (lu.se)
Pathway3
  • The nonradiative charge recombination pathway involves a low activation energy and is less temperature-dependent than the formation of excited P680 that leads to TL emission. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Additionally, we identify the conserved Sad1-UNC-84 ( SUN ) domain protein Mps3 as the principal membrane anchor for this pathway. (bvsalud.org)
  • One pathway, which has been extensively studied in yeast, is mainly guided by chromatin structure and the other, analyzed in detail in mice, is driven by the sequence-specific DNA-binding PR domain-containing protein 9 (PRDM9). (springer.com)
Helicases2
  • Based on the structure of senataxin, researchers believe that it is one of a class of proteins called helicases, which attach to particular regions of DNA or RNA (a chemical cousin of DNA) and temporarily unwind the strands of the molecule. (medlineplus.gov)
  • By unwinding the strands, helicases allow other proteins to reach the strands to perform their function. (medlineplus.gov)
Topology2
  • The papers cover recent results on the topology and geometry of DNA and protein knotting using techniques from knot theory, spatial graph theory, differential geometry, molecular simulations, and laboratory experimentation. (ams.org)
  • Graduate students and research mathematicians interested in applications of topology and DNA proteins. (ams.org)
Encodes3
  • It encodes a protein, composed of 747 amino acids, that is 52% identical to its yeast counterpart. (wikipedia.org)
  • 3] Nearly all patients with NBS are homozygous for the same founder mutation, ie, deletion of 5 bp (657del5) in the NBS1 gene, which encodes the protein nibrin. (medscape.com)
  • It is caused by pathogenic variants in the WRN gene, which encodes a multifunctional nuclear protein with exonuclease and helicase activities. (amrita.edu)
Processes1
  • This review describes recent advances in the role of human HMGB proteins and other proteins interacting with them, in cancerous processes related to oxidative stress, with special reference to ovarian and prostate cancer. (hindawi.com)
BRCA22
  • Normally, RAD51 interacts with both BRCA1 and BRCA2 protein products to cause tumor suppression. (wikipedia.org)
  • The purification of BRCA2 will allow the study of the functions of the different domains in this large protein. (biomedcentral.com)
Yeast4
  • Co-immunoprecipitation of proteins and yeast two-hybrid screening are widely used to provide evidence on whether two proteins interact in vitro . (jove.com)
  • Yeast telomerase and the SUN domain protein Mps3 anchor telomeres and repress subtelomeric recombination. (bvsalud.org)
  • In addition, we identified proteins that interact with the KRAB domain of PRDM9 in yeast two-hybrid assay screens, particularly CXXC1, a member of the COMPASS complex. (springer.com)
  • However, it has previously been shown that deletion of the amino-terminal part of the Pol2 protein containing the Pol ε catalytic domain resulted in sick but viable yeast cells, while deletion of the carboxy-terminal part of Pol2 was lethal. (biomedcentral.com)
Nuclear1
  • This suggests that telomere binding to the nuclear envelope helps protect telomeric repeats from recombination . (bvsalud.org)
Recombinant2
  • We report here for the first time the in vitro assembly of peptidoglycan using recombinant penicillin-binding proteins from pneumococcus and the precursor lipid II. (nih.gov)
  • Human recombinant protein fragment corresponding to amino acids 183-460 of human NBN (NP_002476)produced in E.coli. (origene.com)
Mechanisms1
Repair protein1
  • Here, we report positional cloning of Pairing homoeologous 2 (Ph2) and functional validation of the wheat DNA mismatch repair protein MSH7-3D as a key inhibitor of homoeologous recombination, thus solving a half-century-old question. (nature.com)
Oxidative stress2
  • The cryo-EM analysis also revealed a population of free V 1 bound to Oxidation Resistance 1 (Oxr1p), a poorly characterized protein that has been implicated in protecting cells from oxidative stress. (upstate.edu)
  • shown in red), a poorly characterized protein implicated in oxidative stress response. (upstate.edu)
Redox4
  • The lumenal CD-loop region of the D2 protein of photosystem II contains residues that interact with the primary electron donor P680 and the redox active tyrosyl residue Y(D). Photosystem II properties were studied in a number of photoautotrophic mutants of Synechocystis sp. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The protein HMGB1 behaves as a redox sensor and its structural changes, which are conditioned by the oxidative environment, are associated with different functions of the protein. (hindawi.com)
  • Changes in the redox state of cells affect proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids in different ways. (hindawi.com)
  • HMGB1 is an abundant protein, 10 6 molecules per cell [ 7 ], which has been postulated as a redox sensor [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
Sequence3
  • A ubiquitously expressed sequence-specific transcriptional repressor that is normally the target of signaling by NOTCH PROTEINS. (harvard.edu)
  • Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. (yeastgenome.org)
  • There is the possibility that the sequence of this Cre protein was incorrect and Cre is dysfunctional. (igem.org)
Amino1
  • However, covalent disulfide bonds between cysteine amino acids on each protein surface may also play a role to keep them together. (jove.com)
Meiosis-specific1
  • In humans and mice, hotspots are specified by PRDM9, a meiosis-specific PRDM family protein (Baudat et al. (springer.com)
Membrane2
  • For example, alkaline vacuole/lysosome are deficient in autophagy, Golgi pH regulates its ability to glycosylate proteins and failure to maintain endosomal pH perturbs with its ability to recycle receptors to the Plasma membrane or, the trans-Golgi. (upstate.edu)
  • Gp32 interacts with both enzymes acting on DNA and enzymes acting on membrane proteins. (neb.com)
RAD512
  • The interaction between RAD54 and RAD51, another member of the RAD52 epistasis group, in humans is mediated by the N-terminal domain of the hRAD54 protein. (wikipedia.org)
  • This N-terminal end interacts with both the free and bound ends of the RAD51 protein. (wikipedia.org)
Methods1
  • Various computational and biochemical methods are used to study protein interfaces. (jove.com)
Complex3
  • Sometimes, two or more identical proteins form a complex, such as this kinesin dimer. (jove.com)
  • This shift has been made possible in part by a growing number of solved protein structures, often in complex with DNA, and elegant single-molecule approaches. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Deficiency of the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II cellular proteins also commonly manifests in early infancy with classic symptoms of SCID. (medscape.com)
Functional2
  • These two proteins also share many functional similarities. (wikipedia.org)
  • In other cases, different proteins or polypeptides come together to form a functional unit. (jove.com)
Mechanism1
  • There is also strong support for a mechanism of action for nasopharyngeal carcinogenesis in which inhaled formaldehyde causes DNA-protein crosslinks in nasopharyngeal tissue. (who.int)
Helicase1
  • These protein products have homology in seven conserved helicase motifs. (wikipedia.org)
Myelin1
  • SC precursors arise during gestation (embryonic day 12-13) and can be identified by their expression of myelin protein zero (MPZ) ( Jessen and Mirsky, 2005 ). (jneurosci.org)