Recombinant protein viral envelope proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

The coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein is a class I viral fusion protein on the outer envelope of the virion that plays a critical role in viral infection by recognizing host cell receptors and mediating fusion of the viral and cellular membranes. (biolegend.com)
The S glycoprotein is synthesized as a precursor protein consisting of ~1,300 amino acids that is then cleaved into an amino (N)-terminal S1 subunit (~700 amino acids) and a carboxyl (C)-terminal S2 subunit (~600 amino acids). (biolegend.com)
The trimeric SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) S glycoprotein consisting of three S1-S2 heterodimers binds the cellular receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and mediates fusion of the viral and cellular membranes through a pre- to post-fusion conformation transition. (biolegend.com)
A particle according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the heterologous polypeptide sterically hinders binding of d e viral glycoprotein to its cognate receptor on the eukaryotic cell. (sumobrain.com)
A particle according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the heterologous polypeptide undergoes oligomerisation with die same stoichiometry as that with which the fused viral glycoprotein oligomerises. (sumobrain.com)
A particle according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the protease cleavage site becomes accessible after the viral glycoprotein has bound to its cognate receptor on the eukaryotic cell. (sumobrain.com)
CHIKV envelope proteins are highly conserved among alphaviruses and, particularly, the envelope 2 glycoprotein (CHIKV-E2) appears to be immunodominant and has a considerable serodiagnosis potential. (ox.ac.uk)
Replicating-competent VSV is constructed by replacing the original VSV glycoprotein gene with heterologous envelope genes. (bvsalud.org)
SARS-CoV-2 is an enveloped positive-stranded RNA virus that consists of four structural proteins including spike (S) glycoprotein, envelope (E) protein, membrane (M) protein, and nucleocapsid (N) protein. (proteinkinase.biz)
Spike glycoprotein is the most important surface protein of SARS-CoV-2, which can mediate the virus entry into human respiratory epithelial cells by interacting with cell surface receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). (proteinkinase.biz)
By binding to surface cell receptor CD81, HCV envelope glycoprotein E2 mediates entry of HCV into cells. (elsevierpure.com)
The viral envelope consists of a lipid bilayer derived from the plasma membrane of infected cells, with glycoprotein spikes anchored in it. (ecolowood.com)
Each viral spike is definitely a trimeric heterodimer comprising the external glycoprotein gp120 and the transmembrane glycoprotein gp41, with about 70C79 trimers within the virion surface [5]. (ecolowood.com)
Using an existing clone of the trout-avirulent VHSV-IVb strain MI03 (pVHSVmi), eight chimeric VHSV clones were constructed in which the coding region(s) of the glycoprotein (G), non-virion protein (NV), G and NV, or G, NV and L (polymerase) genes together, were exchanged between the two clones. (biomedcentral.com)
The viral envelope glycoprotein D from bovine herpesviruses 1 and 5 (BoHV-1 and -5), two important pathogens of cattle, is a major component of the virion and plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of herpesviruses. (biomedcentral.com)
DIVA vaccines include genetically engineered gene-deleted viruses, for example gE − virus, and subunit or vectored vaccines based on a viral envelope glycoprotein such as gD. (biomedcentral.com)
SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein (S Protein) is a glycoprotein that mediates membrane fusion and viral entry. (bio-techne.com)
Recombinant Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV (GP4) The exact identification of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) liable for productive medical an infection might be instrumental in elucidating the molecular foundation of HIV-1 transmission and in designing efficient vaccines. (sirp-a.com)
Spike (S)-glycoprotein of the virus interacts with a cellular receptor and mediates membrane fusion to allow viral entry into susceptible target cells. (ataxin.com)
The structure of 2019-nCoV consists of the following: a Spike protein (S), hemagglutinin-esterease dimer (HE), a membrane glycoprotein (M), an envelope protein (E) a nucleoclapid protein (N) and RNA. (copgfp.com)
To determine if adaptive mutations in the DENV2 envelope (E) glycoprotein could be induced to increase the MIR, we serially passed 30P-NBX in Ae. (cdc.gov)
Combinations of face envelope with T-shaped spikes measuring 7-10 key words such as Lassa fever and West Africa were nm and built with glycoprotein. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)

We show here that deletion of this sequence renders the envelope unable to elicit neutralizing antibodies. (duke.edu)
Recombinant antibodies offer several key advantages compared to traditional antibodies. (cellsignal.com)
As such, recombinant antibodies are seeing increased use for scientific research, especially as a means of addressing the ongoing reproducibility crisis. (cellsignal.com)
Recombinant antibodies are monoclonal, but their production involves in vitro genetic manipulation. (cellsignal.com)
Recombinant antibodies are highly consistent from lot to lot, thereby ensuring reproducible experimental results. (cellsignal.com)
Where polyclonal antibodies are purified directly from the serum of the immunized host, and monoclonals are purified from either hybridoma-derived tissue culture supernatant or ascites, recombinant antibodies are instead purified from the tissue culture supernatants of transfected host cell lines. (cellsignal.com)
But a disadvantage is that those who have been exposed to natural forms of the adenovirus have antibodies to the virus that will likely block the synthesis of the spike protein, and therefore not afford protection against SARS-CoV-2. (theepochtimes.com)
Just as in the case of antibiotic resistance, new strains evolve within an infected immune-compromised person's body that produce a version of the spike protein that no longer binds with the acquired antibodies. (theepochtimes.com)
Replicating-competent VSVs have been successfully used for selecting critical viral receptors or host factors, screening mutants that escape therapeutic antibodies, and developing VSV-based live viral vaccines. (bvsalud.org)
ACROBiosystems has been keeping a close eye on the development of the epidemic situation and accelerating the development of SARS-COV-2 antigen proteins, antibodies, kits and other related products to facilitate the development of serologic tests, therapeutic antibodies and vaccines. (proteinkinase.biz)
ACROBiosystems has developed over 100 products related to SARS-CoV-2, including recombinant proteins, antibodies, kits, beads and so on covering the critical targets of SARS-CoV-2. (proteinkinase.biz)
The proteins were expressed and secreted by using a baculovirus expression system and have been shown to bind to monoclonal antibodies which recognize discontinuous epitopes and to complement component C3b in a dose-dependent manner. (nih.gov)
With purified recombinant protein production and peptide synthesis to display limited/selected epitopes, intrinsic factors that can affect the functioning of resulting antibodies can be more easily selected for. (preprints.org)
But envelopes can elicit, albeit in the case of HIV only after several years of infection and only in a subset of people, the antibodies that could ultimately lead to their very demise. (pennmedicine.org)
In an effort to overcome these envelope-based obstacles, the NIAID grant will allow the researchers, for the first time, to model the development of broadly neutralizing antibodies in SHIV-infected rhesus macaque monkeys. (pennmedicine.org)
The basis for this speculation is preliminary data by the Penn team that showed that HIV envelopes that in humans elicited broadly neutralizing antibodies did the same in monkeys. (pennmedicine.org)
SHIVs, which contain HIV envelopes from humans that elicited broadly neutralizing antibodies or were found to bind to precursors of these antibodies, will be used to infect monkeys. (pennmedicine.org)
Unfortunately, as a side-effect, the SHIV envelopes lost their natural defenses to antibodies, effectively erasing their potential value for HIV vaccine research. (pennmedicine.org)
Accordingly, S-protein plays an important role in virus infection cycle and is the primary target of neutralizing antibodies. (ataxin.com)
The spike protein is the major target for neutralizing antibodies and vaccine development (4). (copgfp.com)
Within the past 2 years, investigational peptide- and recombinant protein-based serologic assays that can more easily differentiate the antibodies to HTLV-I and HTLV-II have been developed (8,9). (cdc.gov)

To address the changes in the viral genome that may have led to increased virulence of the virus, I constructed an infectious cDNA clone for the historical ZIKV isolate MR766. (unl.edu)
Using the viral plaque assay, we demonstrated that the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 RBD in the VSV-Δ51 genome is associated with a significantly larger viral plaque surface area and significantly higher virus titers. (bvsalud.org)
The core of the virus is the nucleocapsid, a structure that is made of the viral genome along with C proteins. (medchemexpress.com)
hRSV is an enveloped virus with a negative-stranded, non-segmented RNA genome containing 10 genes distributed along 15.2 kilobases in the order 3′-NS1-NS2-N-P-M-SH-G-F-M2-L-5′ and encoding 11 proteins [8]. (fortunejournals.com)
N is the major structural protein which tightly binds the RNA genome. (biomedcentral.com)
First, a full-length functional ZIKV cDNA clone was engineered as a bacterial artificial chromosome, with each reporter gene under the cap-independent translational control of a cardiovirus-derived internal ribosome entry site inserted downstream of the single open reading frame of the viral genome. (mdpi.com)
While the S, E and M proteins build up the viral envelop, the N protein is involved transcription, replication and packaging of the viral RNA genome into a helical ribonucleocapsid (RNP) (2, 3). (bio-techne.com)

Isolated vesicles contained predominantly P9-GFP, suggesting selective incorporation of P9-tagged fusion proteins into the vesicles. (biomedcentral.com)
Thus, striking improvements in recombinant antigen were achieved by alternative polyadenylation signals and fusion proteins containing targeting signals designed to enhance integration or retention of HBsAg in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of plant cells [6]. (scielo.br)
Like additional Type 1 fusion proteins, these trimetric constructions undergo receptor- induced conformational changes to increase the exposure of the gp 41 ectodomain for the fusion of viral and cellular membranes ( Fig. 1 ). (ecolowood.com)

Early studies on nonsense mutants of phage phi6 suggested that the major envelope protein P9 and the non-structural protein P12 are the only proteins needed for phi6 virion envelopment [ 23 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The virion envelope surrounding the nucleocapsid contains the following structural proteins: S (spike), M (matrix), E (envelope) and N (nucleocapsid). (iucr.org)

However, it is not clear whether the axis of FOLR1/FA has a similar function in viral replication. (bvsalud.org)
In this study, we used vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) to investigate the relationship between FOLR1-mediated FA deficiency and viral replication, as well as the underlying mechanisms. (bvsalud.org)
Understanding viral replication is important to improve treatment outcomes based on enhanced viral spreading within the tumor milieu. (bvsalud.org)
The nonstructural proteins play roles in viral replication and assembly. (medchemexpress.com)
[ 32 ] Inhibition of SAH indirectly inhibits transmethylation reactions required for viral replication. (medscape.com)
Replication competent viral vectors (e.g. (nih.gov)

What is a Recombinant Antibody and Why is it Important? (cellsignal.com)
What is a Recombinant Antibody? (cellsignal.com)
Mammalian cell lines are most commonly used for recombinant antibody production, although cell lines of bacterial, yeast, or insect origin are also suitable. (cellsignal.com)
Because recombinant antibody production involves sequencing the antibody light and heavy chains, it is a highly controlled and reliable process. (cellsignal.com)
Unlike traditional methods for antibody production, recombinant approaches avoid the need to use animals. (cellsignal.com)
Regardless of whether an antibody is polyclonal, monoclonal or recombinant, it must always be properly validated in the intended application prior to experimental use. (cellsignal.com)
For several reasons there is a growing interest in the scientific community in immunoglobulin Y as antibiotic alternative and their oral administration in the polyclonal antibody (pAb) format, to maintain animal health and performance, do not require IgY purification for large-scale production, resulting in protein impurities and high concentration of biotin in the samples. (preprints.org)
Of all viral proteins, only gp120 and gp41 have epitopes for antibody acknowledgement. (ecolowood.com)
The recombinant monoclonal antibody combination, atoltivimab/maftivimab/odesivimab (Inmazeb), was approved by the FDA in October 2020 and is the first approved treatment for Zaire ebolavirus. (medscape.com)
Antibody responses against spike protein were high in children and seroconversion boosted responses against seasonal Beta-coronaviruses through cross-recognition of the S2 domain. (nature.com)
The wells of the included microtiter plate (12 x 8-well strips) are coated with anti-p24 capture antibody, which quantitatively binds the p24 virus core/capsid protein in your test samples. (takarabio.com)
If these findings are generalized in the newly funded work, it should be possible using molecular cloning approaches to isolate unique combinations of rhesus and human antibody precursors and HIV envelopes that bind them with high affinity. (pennmedicine.org)
Then, the maturation or evolution of these antibody precursors will be characterized genetically along with sequences of the HIV envelope as they co-evolve throughout infection. (pennmedicine.org)
In addition, the N protein is an abundant protein during coronavirus infection and displays high immunogenic activity (5, 6), so it has been used to develop serological diagnostic kit for Covid-19 IgM and IgG antibody tests (7). (bio-techne.com)

However, the glycan-added viral antigen presents better sensitivity and specificity (85 and 98%) than the non-glycosylated antigen (81 and 71%, respectively) in anti-CHIKV IgM ELISA assays. (ox.ac.uk)
However, one of the factors that make it difficult and raise the price of production in every system consists in the purification process of the recombinant antigen. (scielo.br)
HBsAg was the first viral antigen chosen to be produced in transgenic plants, firstly in tobacco [3] and subsequently in lupin callus and lettuce adapted to colder climates [4]. (scielo.br)
This importance is focussed on the target binding site - epitope, where epitope selection as a part of design thinking beyond traditional antigen selection using whole cell or whole protein immunisation can positively impact success. (preprints.org)
Currently, the prefusion F protein is considered the most effective antigen for inducing protective immunity. (fortunejournals.com)

The mRNA vaccines contain only the code for the SARS-CoV-2 envelope spike protein, whereas the DNA-based vaccines both contain an adenovirus viral vector that has been augmented with DNA that codes for the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. (theepochtimes.com)
The mRNA in these vaccines codes for the spike protein normally synthesized by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. (theepochtimes.com)
Since 1987 two recombinant vaccines produced into Saccharomices cerevisiae cells by Sharp & Dhome and Smith Kline Beechmam have been utilized for HBV immunization. (scielo.br)
S, S1 and S RBD proteins are important targets in the development of SARS-COV-2 therapeutics and vaccines. (proteinkinase.biz)
Efficient inactivated or protein vaccines typically rely on an effective adjuvant to elicit an immune response and boost vaccine activity. (ijbs.com)
Many viral vaccines require amplification of virus in cell cultures during manufacture. (cdc.gov)

The envelope fuses with the host cell, allowing viral genes to enter the host cell and replicate, eventually leading to cell death. (pennmedicine.org)
In this study, we investigated the adjuvant activities of combinations of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonists in a SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain protein vaccine. (ijbs.com)
Inoculation with a high dose strains of LMP1 transgenic mice vide a powerful tool in mechanistic of EBV caused a B-cell lymphopro- were established that express LMP1 studies on the role of individual viral liferative disorder in these mice, under the control of the immunoglob- genes in cancer. (who.int)

The phi6 major envelope protein P9 and the non-structural protein P12 are essential for the envelopment of its virions. (biomedcentral.com)
This review highlights the structural and functional characteristics of BoHV-1, BoHV-5 and where appropriate, Human herpesvirus gD, as well as its role in viral entry and interactions with host cell receptors. (biomedcentral.com)
SARS-CoV-2, which causes the global pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), belongs to a family of viruses known as coronaviruses that are commonly comprised of four structural proteins: Spike protein(S), Envelope protein (E), Membrane protein (M), and Nucleocapsid protein (N) (1). (bio-techne.com)
Recombinant lentiviruses generated for research use, whether they are 3rd- or 4th-generation (e.g., generated with Lenti-X kits), contain major structural proteins, including the VSV-G or ecotropic envelope proteins, matrix proteins, and virus core proteins (Figure 2). (takarabio.com)
Description: SARS Coronavirus is an enveloped virus containing three outer structural proteins, namely the membrane (M), envelope (E), and spike (S) proteins. (ataxin.com)
The SARS-CoV-2 N protein is a ~45 kDa protein composed of two independent structural domains connected by a linker region. (bio-techne.com)

Scavenger receptors are cell membrane proteins that bind chemically modified lipoproteins, such as acetylated and oxidized LDLs. (biomedcentral.com)

Several cell membrane proteins have been identified as herpes simplex virus (HSV) entry mediators (Hve). (nih.gov)
It also mediates the fusion of host and viral cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter human cells and begin infection (3). (copgfp.com)

Description: Recombinant COVID-19 (2019 novel coronavirus) Spike protein (S1+S2 ECD) was fused to His-tag at C-terminus and expressed in Baculovirus-Insect cell. (copgfp.com)

Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD Fc Chimera Protein Binding Activity Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD Fc Chimera (Catalog # 10565-CV) binds Recombinant Human ACE-2 His-tag ( 933-ZN ) in a functional ELISA. (bio-techne.com)
The recent study has shown that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds ACE2 with higher affinity than SARS-CoV spike protein (6). (copgfp.com)

The S1 subunit is focused on attachment of the protein to the host receptor while the S2 subunit is involved with cell fusion (3-5). (bio-techne.com)

The lipid envelope surrounding the nucleocapsid is derived from the host cell plasma membrane during the budding process. (fortunejournals.com)

A particle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heterologous polypeptide has specific binding affinity for a cognate receptor on die surface of an eukaryotic cell, binding to which does not allow infection of the cell by the viral particle. (sumobrain.com)
Studies have shown that different viral proteins may individually induce host responses to infection. (elsevierpure.com)
This review summarizes the unique immunomodulatory aspects of hRSV infection, the viral proteins involved in intracellular immune signaling, and the viral interactions in play with the host's immune system. (fortunejournals.com)
This review summarizes the unique immune-modulatory aspects of hRSV infection that are associated with the roles performed by viral proteins in intracellular immune signaling, their interactions with the host immune system, and their possible implications for disease pathology. (fortunejournals.com)
Acute infection with hepatitis B virus is associated with acute viral hepatitis - an illness that begins with general ill-health, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, body aches, mild fever, dark urine, and then progresses to development of jaundice. (findmeacure.com)
genic models are inadequate for number of activated CD8-positive T LMP1 was strongly expressed in the understanding the cancer etiology in cells increased considerably in the lymphoma tissues but was hardly the context of natural viral infection. (who.int)

Their lipid membrane envelope contains two glycoproteins: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) . (eenzyme.com)
This envelope contains three virally encoded surface transmembrane glycoproteins: G, F, and SH. (fortunejournals.com)
The glycoproteins gp120 and gp41, which are encoded from the env gene, are called Env proteins and translate to a full-length gp160 polyprotein, followed by trimerization and cleavage by a furin-like protease inside a Golgi compartment. (ecolowood.com)
Coronavirus invades cells through Spike (S) glycoproteins, a class I fusion protein. (copgfp.com)

The viral particles are about 80-120 nm in diameter and can be spherical or pleomorphic. (eenzyme.com)
Recombinant HIV protein including HIV envelopes, envelope derivatives, Virus Like Particles, as well as formulations of HIV proteins with immune enhancers such as adjuvants and immune modulators. (nih.gov)

HveA (formerly HVEM) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family, whereas the poliovirus receptor-related proteins 1 and 2 (PRR1 and PRR2, renamed HveC and HveB) belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily. (nih.gov)
In this study, we examined the role of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD) in enhancing VSV-Δ51 viral production and oncolytic activity. (bvsalud.org)
Since the genomic sequence of HCV was determined, progress has been made towards understanding the functions of the HCV-encoded proteins and identifying the cellular receptor(s) responsible for adsorption and penetration of the virus particle into the target cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Instead, these authors proposed that CD81 may be an attachment receptor with poor capacity to mediate the viral entry, and that reducing environments may not not favor CD81-HCV interaction. (biomedcentral.com)
It addressed a major problem with SHIVs: the only HIV envelopes that would allow SHIVs to infect rhesus monkeys were artificially adapted to bind to the rhesus CD4 molecule, the primary receptor for the virus. (pennmedicine.org)
It is the major viral surface protein that coronavirus uses to bind to the human cell surface receptor. (copgfp.com)
The protein modeling suggests that there is strong interaction between Spike protein receptor-binding domain and its host receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which regulate both the cross-species and human-to-human transmissions of COVID-19 (5). (copgfp.com)

A particle according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein heterologous polypeptide sterically hinders fusion of an enveloped viral particle with an eukaryotic cell to which it is bound. (sumobrain.com)
A particle according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the protease cleavage site is accessible to the relevant protease (i.e. that which recognises the cleavage site) before the viral particle becomes bound to an eukaryotic cell. (sumobrain.com)
A particle according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the protease cleavage site becomes accessible to die relevant protease only after the viral particle has become bound to an eukaryotic cell. (sumobrain.com)
We compare two CHIKV-E2 recombinant antigens produced in different expression systems: prokaryotic-versus eukaryotic-made recombinant proteins. (ox.ac.uk)

The obtainment of transgenic edible plants carrying recombinant antigens is a desired issue in search for economic alternatives viewing vaccine production. (scielo.br)

This study evaluated the minimum requirements for the formation of phi6-specific vesicles and the possibility to localize P9-tagged heterologous proteins into such structures in Escherichia coli . (biomedcentral.com)
A P9-GFP fusion protein was used to study the targeting of heterologous proteins into P9 vesicles. (biomedcentral.com)
The possibility to locate heterologous proteins into the P9-lipid vesicles facilitates the production of vesicular structures with novel properties. (biomedcentral.com)

In contrast, recombinant viruses with deletion of VNDT motif (m1MR) or mutation of N-linked glycosylation site (m2MR), were highly attenuated and non-lethal. (unl.edu)
The mutant viruses replicated poorly in the brain of infected mice when inoculated subcutaneously but replicated well following intracranial inoculation, suggesting that the N-linked glycosylation of the E protein is an important determinant of ZIKV virulence and neuroinvasion. (unl.edu)
Overall, our present study provided a new perspective for the role of FA metabolism in viral infections and highlights the potential of MTX as a broad-spectrum antiviral agent against RNA viruses. (bvsalud.org)
The resulting recombinant viruses are able to replicate in permissive cells and incorporate the foreign envelope proteins on the surface of the viral particle without changing the bullet-shape morphology. (bvsalud.org)
It is a DNA virus and one of many unrelated viruses that cause viral hepatitis. (findmeacure.com)

The cystovirus Pseudomonas phage phi6 has an envelope that harbors five viral membrane proteins and phospholipids derived from the cytoplasmic membrane of its Gram-negative host. (biomedcentral.com)
The bilayer is composed of phospholipids and is typically embedded with membrane proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
It physically associates with a variety of other membrane proteins such as integrins, lineage-specific molecules and other tetraspanins. (biomedcentral.com)

The nucleocapsid is surrounded by a membrane called the viral envelope, a lipid bilayer that is taken from the host. (medchemexpress.com)
Embedded in the viral envelope are 180 copies of the E and M proteins that span through the lipid bilayer. (medchemexpress.com)

Our results suggest that glycosylation of both E and NS1 proteins plays an important role in virus pathogenicity, and m5MR virus could be developed as a live attenuated viral vaccine for ZIKV. (unl.edu)
Two (the Moderna vaccine and the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine) are based on mRNA technology, whereas the other two (produced by Johnson & Johnson and AstraZeneca) are based on a double-stranded DNA recombinant viral vector. (theepochtimes.com)
A major reason for the elusiveness of an HIV vaccine -- despite a number of promising candidates -- is the virus's ability to rapidly mutate or otherwise conceal its outer coat proteins, known as the envelope. (pennmedicine.org)

Confocal immunofluorescent analysis of transgenic A549 cells stably expressing SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein (A549-N protein) (left, positive) or SARS-CoV-2 envelope (E) protein (A549-E protein) (right, negative), using SARS-CoV-1/2 Nucleocapsid Protein (1C7C7) Mouse mAb (green), DyLight ™ 554 Phalloidin #13054 (red), and DAPI #4083 (blue). (cellsignal.com)
The N-terminal domain of the nucleocapsid protein from Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV NP-NTD) contains many positively charged residues and has been identified to be responsible for RNA binding during ribonucleocapsid formation by the virus. (iucr.org)

The detection of IgY in yolk samples by ELISA using streptavidin-biotin binding as part of the assay methodology requires some technology to neutralize high concentration of biotin on sample or more steps beyond delipidation to isolate the target protein. (preprints.org)

Based on the distinct phylogeny of the polymerase (L) protein and the presence of a conserved M2 gene, both of which are involved in transcriptional regulation and virus morphology, hRSV was renamed human Orthopneumovirus to fit with its taxonomical classification as a member of the Orthopneumovirus genus ( Pneumoviridae family) [7]. (fortunejournals.com)

The principal neutralizing determinant of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is located in the external envelope protein, gp120, and has previously been mapped to a 24-amino acid-long sequence (denoted RP135). (duke.edu)

These proteins form a protective outer layer that controls the entry of the virus into human cells. (medchemexpress.com)

Proteins are a class of biomolecules composed of amino acid chains. (wikipedia.org)
SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 Spike Protein S1, amino acid Val16-Arg685 (Accession # QHD43416.1), with (HV69-70del, Y144del, N501Y, A570D, P681H) and a C-terminal 8-His tag was expressed in CHO cells. (biolegend.com)
The 678 amino acid recombinant protein has a predicted molecular mass of approximately 76 kD. (biolegend.com)
To surmount this problem, the Shaw team found that changing a single amino acid in what is called the "CD4 binding pocket"-out of about 850 that comprise the viral envelope-led to a much greater ability of SHIVs to infect rhesus monkeys, while at the same time retaining the basic features of the normal HIV envelope and its interaction with the human immune system. (pennmedicine.org)
The SARS-CoV2 N protein shares 91% and 47% amino acid sequence identity with SARS-CoV-1 and MERS N protein, respectively. (bio-techne.com)

These two proteins determine the subtypes of Influenza A virus. (eenzyme.com)
HIV-1 has now been classified into 9 unique subtypes and their recombinant forms [3]. (ecolowood.com)

Analyses of full-length genomes of over 300 ZIKV isolates revealed that one sequence motif, VNDT, containing an N-linked glycosylation site in the envelope (E) protein, is polymorphic, being absent in many of the African isolates while present in all isolates from the recent outbreaks. (unl.edu)
Here, I interrogated the role of this sequence motif and glycosylation of the E protein in pathogenicity of ZIKV. (unl.edu)
Since the nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) is also glycosylated and known to play a role in transmission and pathogenicity, I mutated the glycosylation sites in NS1 (N130 and N207) individually or in combination in the background of m2MR virus. (unl.edu)
The molecular weight and extent of glycosylation of gC1 (457t), gC1(delta33-123t), and gC2(426t) were determined by treating each protein with endoglycosidases and then subjecting it to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and mass spectrometric analysis. (nih.gov)

Complex formation between soluble gD and HveC appears to involve one or two gD molecules for one HveC protein. (nih.gov)
The inner fluid can contain cargo molecules such as nucleic acids or soluble proteins. (biomedcentral.com)

Lassa fever is an acute viral zoonotic illness caused by Lassa virus, an arenavirus known to be responsible for a severe haemorrhagic fever characterised by fever, muscle aches, sore throat, nausea, vomiting and, chest and abdominal pain. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)

We hypothesized that HCV E2 protein binding to CD81 expressed on thyroid cells activates a cascade of inflammatory responses that can trigger autoimmune thyroiditis in susceptible individuals. (elsevierpure.com)
The tetraspanin CD81 (also named TAPA-1) is a widely-expressed cell surface protein of 26 kDa that is involved in pleiotropic activities such as cell adhesion, motility, metastasis, cell activation and signal transduction [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The samples were tested in a binding assay with recombinant human ACE2-Fc Chimera. (biolegend.com)

Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD Fc Chimera Protein SDS-PAGE 2 μg/lane of Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD His-tag Protein (10565-CV) was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) and non-reducing (NR) conditions and visualized by Coomassie® Blue staining, showing bands at 54-60 kDa and 108-120 kDa, respectively. (bio-techne.com)

The Lenti-X p24 Rapid Titer Kit specifically measures the amount of p24 capsid protein present in your viral supernatant. (takarabio.com)

When recombinant SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 Spike Protein S1 is immobilized at 2 μg/mL, recombinant human ACE2-Fc Chimera (Cat. (biolegend.com)
Scholars@Duke publication: Principal neutralizing domain of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope protein. (duke.edu)
The quality and application of SARS-COV-2 S, S1, S RBD and human ACE2 and other proteins are the key to the development of antiviral drugs. (proteinkinase.biz)
Setting: Human thyroid cell lines ML-1 and human thyrocytes in primary cell culture were treated with HCV recombinant E2 protein. (elsevierpure.com)
Results: HCV envelope protein E2 induced strong inflammatory responses in human thyrocytes, resulting in production of interleukin (IL)-8, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-a. (elsevierpure.com)
Furthermore, the E2 protein induced production of several heat shock proteins including HSP60, HSP70p12A, and HSP10, in human primary thyrocytes. (elsevierpure.com)
In Ebolavirus -infected cynomolgus macaques, use of human recombinant interferon alfa-2b in conjunction with hyperimmune equine immunoglobulin G (IgG) delayed but did not prevent death. (medscape.com)
Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA with Recombinant Human ACE-2 His-tag (Catalog # 933-ZN ). (bio-techne.com)

Recombinant MR766 (rMR) virus recovered from the full-length cDNA clone mimicked growth and pathogenic properties of the parental virus both in vitro and in vivo. (unl.edu)
However, both the mRNA and the protein it produces have been changed from the original version in the virus with the intent to increase rate of production of the protein in an infected cell and the durability of both the mRNA and the spike protein it codes for. (theepochtimes.com)
Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), a fish rhabdovirus belonging to the Novirhabdovirus genus, causes severe disease and mortality in many marine and freshwater fish species worldwide. (biomedcentral.com)
The Lenti-X p24 Rapid Titer Kit provides a simple, rapid method for determining the titer of lentiviral supernatants by using a standard ELISA to measure the amount of the p24 virus core/capsid protein they contain. (takarabio.com)
Lassa fe- Lassa virus in many more districts and states in en- ver is endemic in West Africa and has been reported demic countries of the West African sub-region and from Sierra Leone, Guinea, Liberia, and Nigeria4-7. (folkhalsomyndigheten.se)

Correspondingly, the cell tropism of replicating-competent VSV is determined by the foreign envelope proteins. (bvsalud.org)

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. (bio-techne.com)

We confirmed the N-terminal residues of each mature protein by Edman degradation and confirmed the internal deletion in gC1(delta33-123t). (nih.gov)

Stock solutions can also be prepared at 50 - 100 µg/mL in appropriate sterile buffer, carrier protein such as 0.2 - 1% BSA or HSA can be added when preparing the stock solution. (biolegend.com)
Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. (bio-techne.com)

This led us to construct recombinant DNA plasmids containing the encoding sequence of HBsAg and the same construction fused with the SEQDEL sequence responsible for ER sorting. (scielo.br)

Three S1/S2 heterodimers assemble to form a trimer spike protruding from the viral envelope. (biolegend.com)
Recombinant Bat coronavirus Spike Trimer (K978P, V979P), His Tag&Twin-Strep. (proteinkinase.biz)

We used three recombinant forms of gC, gC1(457t), gC1(delta33-123t), and gC2(426t), each truncated prior to the transmembrane region. (nih.gov)

Middle East respiratory syndrome CoV often presents as a lower respira- is a viral illness caused by a novel hu- tory tract disease associated with fever, man coronavirus. (who.int)

Production of the GFP-tagged P9 vesicles required P12, which protected the fusion protein against proteolytic cleavage. (biomedcentral.com)
In SARS-CoV-2, as with most coronaviruses, proteolytic cleavage of the S protein into two distinct peptides, S1 and S2 subunits, is required for activation. (bio-techne.com)

To test this hypothesis, we first generated a novel VSV-Δ51 mutant that encoded the SARS-COV-2 RBD and compared viral spreading and viral yield between VSV-Δ51-RBD and VSV-Δ51 in vitro. (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy24

Organisms58

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs78

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment37

Phenomena and Processes61

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture4

Information Science4

Health Care3

Glycoprotein22

Antibodies21

Genome7

Fusion Proteins3

Virion2

Replication6

Antibody14

Antigen5

Vaccines6

Genes3

Structural6

Receptors1

Cell membrane2

Coronavirus spike Protein1

Binds2

Subunit1

Surrounding the nucleocapsid1

Infection6

Glycoproteins4

Particles2

Receptor7

Eukaryotic4

Antigens1

Heterologous3

Viruses5

Membrane proteins3

Lipid bilayer2

Vaccine3

Nucleocapsid Protein2

Isolate1

Polymerase1

Gp1201

Outer1

Amino acid5

Subtypes2

Glycosylation4

Soluble2

Acute viral1

CD812

Assay1

Spike RBD1

Supernatant1

Human8

Virus5

Replicating-competent1

Serum1

Deletion1

Carrier protein2

Sequence1

Trimer2

Transmembrane1

Illness caused1

Proteolytic cleavage2

Vitro1