• Inositol polyphosphate multikinase (IPMK) is required for the biosynthesis of inositol phosphates (IPs) through the phosphorylation of multiple IP metabolites such as IP3 and IP4. (molcells.org)
  • Insights into the biological functions of IPs have come from genetic studies in yeast and by manipulating inositol polyphosphate multikinase (IPMK) expression in mammalian cells. (molcells.org)
  • Recombinant Escherichia coli strains have been constructed by metabolic engineering strategies to produce inositol, but with a low yield. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The highest stoichiometric yield (0.96 mol inositol/mol glucose) was achieved from recombinant strain R15 (SG104, Δpgi , Δpgm , and RBSL5-zwf). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The biosynthesis of inositol from glucose in recombinant E. coli was optimized by metabolic engineering strategies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Particular C2s appear to bind phospholipids, inositol polyphosphates, and intracellular proteins. (embl.de)
  • Protein modules such as FVYE domains and PH domains that bind specifically to PtdIns 3-phosphate (PtdIns-3-P) and polyphosphoinositides, respectively, can direct such membrane targeting. (embl.de)
  • We prepared a comprehensive set of cysteine-substitution mutants of ATP-binding protein, Bacillus FoF 1 -ATP synthase ε subunit, labeled with small-molecule fluorophores at the introduced cysteine residue. (elifesciences.org)
  • made several potential sensors by attaching various fluorescent tags to different locations on a protein that binds ATP. (elifesciences.org)
  • Ca2+-binding motif present in phospholipases, protein kinases C, and synaptotagmins (among others). (embl.de)
  • These domains were first discovered as the loci of phorbol ester and diacylglycerol binding to conventional protein kinase C isozymes, which contain 2 C1 domains (C1A and C1B) in their N-terminal regulatory regions. (embl.de)
  • Interaction of protein kinase C zeta with ZIP, a novel protein kinase C-binding protein. (embl.de)
  • While the recombinant wild type MsmNDK showed the NTPase, NTP synthesising, and autophosphorylation activities, the H117Q mutation abolished the biochemical activities of the recombinant MsmNDK-H117Q mutant protein in vitro . (openbiochemistryjournal.com)
  • Polyphosphate exerts differential effects on plasma clotting in test tubes ex vivo, depending on polymer size and it was shown in vitro that platelet-size soluble polyphosphates induce little activaton of factor XII in solution but that they are accelerators of thrombin-induced activation of factor XI. (wikipedia.org)
  • The N-terminal and C-terminal domains of YegS are however counter-rotated, relative to the polyphosphate/ATP NAD kinase archetype, such that the potential nucleotide binding site is blocked. (ox.ac.uk)
  • However, biochemical assays showed that recombinant YegS is endogenously neither an active diacylglycerol nor sphingosine kinase. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The PX domain of Vam7p selectively binds PtdIns-3-P, while the PX domain of the CPK PI-3 kinase selectively binds PtdIns-4,5-P(2). (embl.de)
  • Activated platelets release inorganic polymers, polyphosphates. (wikipedia.org)
  • Addition of polyphosphates restored defective plasma clotting of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome patients, indicating that the inorganic polymer is the endogenous factor XII activator in vivo. (wikipedia.org)
  • Requirement of a soluble intracellular factor for activation of transient receptor potential A1 by pungent chemicals: role of inorganic polyphosphates. (kiev.ua)
  • In Escherichia coli , amino acid starvation leads to the accumulation of an unusual molecule, polyphosphate (polyP), a linear polymer of many hundreds of orthophosphate residues. (go.jp)
  • The recruitment of specific cytosolic proteins to intracellular membranes through binding phosphorylated derivatives of phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) controls such processes as endocytosis, regulated exocytosis, cytoskeletal organization, and cell signaling. (embl.de)
  • Such accumulation is known to be controlled by the activity of two enzymes, the ribosome-bound RelA enzyme (ppGpp synthetase I) that synthesises (p)ppGpp nucleotides upon the depletion of amino acids [ 19 ] and the bifunctional SpoT enzyme (ppGpp synthetase II) that is responsible for maintaining the intracellular levels of (p)ppGpp nucleotides via enzymatic degradation [ 20 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 21. Benesch R.E., Benesch R., Renthal R.D., Maeda N. Affinity labeling of the polyphosphate binding site of hemoglobin // Biochemistry. (medline.ru)
  • conserved structural features are consistent with nucleotide binding within the cleft. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Targeting polyphosphates with phosphatases interfered with procoagulant activity of activated platelets and blocked platelet-induced thrombosis in mice. (wikipedia.org)
  • Targeting XPR1 increases polyphosphate content and leads to accelerated arterial and venous thrombosis in mouse models. (wikipedia.org)
  • In addition, the double mutant (Y42A/L48Q) of the PX domain of Vam7p, reported to cause vacuolar trafficking defects in yeast, has a dramatically decreased level of binding to PtdIns-3-P. These data reveal that the membrane targeting function of the Vam7p PX domain is based on its ability to associate with PtdIns-3-P, analogous to the function of FYVE domains. (embl.de)
  • Microcalorimetry experiments showed interaction between recombinant YegS and Mg2+, Ca2+, and Mn2+ ions, with a weaker interaction also observed with polyphosphates and ATP. (ox.ac.uk)
  • C1 domains are compact alpha/beta structural units of about 50 amino acids which tightly bind two zinc ions. (embl.de)
  • Many C1 domains and C1 domain-containing proteins bind phorbol esters, but many others do not. (embl.de)
  • Complex patterns of posttranslational modifications of chromatin including acetylation of histones establish combinatorial signals that are apparently interpreted by chromatin-binding proteins and the gene expression machinery to control transcriptional activity of individual genes. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Calcium binds in a cup-shaped depression formed by the N- and C-terminal loops of the C2-key motif. (embl.de)
  • Analysis of mutagenesis data from eukaryotic homologues of YegS suggest that the N-terminal cleft may bind activating lipids while the C-terminal cleft may bind the lipid substrate. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Next each sensor was tested to determine whether it could bind ATP tightly and get bright upon binding. (elifesciences.org)
  • Platelet polyphosphate-driven factor XII activation provides the link from primary hemostasis (formation of a platelet plug) to secondary hemostasis (fibrin meshwork formation). (wikipedia.org)
  • The process of thrombus formation is considered to be initiated by von Willebrand factor (VWF) binding to exposed collagen or laminin in the damaged vessel wall, followed by shear-dependent platelet binding to VWF through the glycoprotein (GP)Ib-V-IX complex ( 1 , 3 , 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The resulting ATPOS complex binds to neurons in cerebral cortex of living mice, and clearly visualized a concentrically propagating wave of extracellular ATP release in response to electrical stimulation. (elifesciences.org)
  • Phosphatidylserine-exposing platelets, usually located around a thrombus, provide a negatively charged membrane surface, which supports coagulation factor binding and the formation of tenase and prothrombinase complexes ( 6 , 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Plasma FXI complexes with high-molecular-weight kininogen, which then aids in the binding of FXI to negatively charged surfaces. (medscape.com)
  • To enable in-vivo validation, we introduced BoNT/C-Hc for binding to neuronal plasma membrane and Alexa Fluor 488 for ratiometric measurement. (elifesciences.org)
  • The C2 domain is thought to be involved in calcium-dependent phospholipid binding [ ( PUBMED:8253763 ) ] and in membrane targetting processes such as subcellular localisation. (embl.de)
  • There are also two Ca2+ binding sites and two hydrophobic clefts, one in each domain of YegS. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In contrast, the PX domain of Vps5p displays no binding to any PtdInsPs that were tested. (embl.de)
  • C2-domains, structure and function of a universal Ca2+-binding domain. (embl.de)
  • Twenty-eight other domains fit the profile for the overall C1 domain fold but do not fit the profile for phorbol ester binding, and are termed "atypical. (embl.de)
  • IRS-1 contains no transmembrane domain but an amino-terminal pleckstrin homology (PH) and a phosphotyrosine-binding domain (PTB), followed by a carboxyl-terminal region which is enriched in Ser and Thr residues 28 . (nature.com)
  • Structural analyses of several C2 domains have shown them to consist of similar ternary structures in which three Ca 2+ -binding loops are located at the end of an 8 stranded antiparallel beta sandwich. (embl.de)
  • Contact to polyphosphates activates factor XII and initiates fibrin formation by the intrinsic pathway of coagulation with critical importance for thrombus formation and the factor XII-activated pro inflammatory kallikrein kinin-system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Combinations of systems biology, genetics and functional analyses has identified the phosphate-exporter XPR1 as important regulator of polyphosphates in platelets. (wikipedia.org)
  • In higher eukaryotes, IP3 stimulates Ca 2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum by binding to IP3 receptors, which are IP3-gated Ca 2+ channels. (molcells.org)
  • An increase in the level of active, GTP-bound Ras is not necessary for transformation of chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) by v-Src. (embl.de)
  • In vivo, factor XII is activated by binding (contact) to polyanions termed contact-activation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Phox homology domains specifically bind phosphatidylinositol phosphates. (embl.de)
  • Here we show that two representative Phox homology (PX) domains selectively bind to specific phosphatidylinositol phosphates. (embl.de)
  • Twenty-six C1 domains fit the profile for phorbol-ester binding and are termed "typical. (embl.de)