• After a genomic library is constructed with a viral vector, such as lambda phage, the titer of the library can be determined. (wikipedia.org)
  • One recombinant phage was examined further and contained an insert encoding a prominent treponemal 37,000 dalton protein. (bmj.com)
  • A recombinant phage library was constructed in the phage vector gt11 (Promega) using partially digested strain R expressing the 55-kDa product of PvpA (49). (careersfromscience.org)
  • Viable phage particles were produced by in vitro packaging of recombinant phage DNA using a commercial in vitro lambda DNA packaging system (Promega). (careersfromscience.org)
  • An A. salmonicida genomic DNA library was constructed by using lambda GEM-11 and recombinant phage carrying both genes ompAI and ompAII) selected by immunoscreening. (shengsci.com)
  • It was initially detected by screening a recombinant phage genomic library with antibody from a host with M. hyorhinis-induced arthritis and was localized by Tn5 and deletion mutations affecting expression of antigenic translational products. (huji.ac.il)
  • Using a host cell to carry the vector allows for easy amplification and retrieval of specific clones from the library for analysis. (wikipedia.org)
  • By doing this test, researchers can also determine the efficiency of the ligation and make adjustments as needed to ensure they get the desired number of clones for the library. (wikipedia.org)
  • Recombinant clones were constructed in the plasmid vector pBluescript II KS(+) (Stratagene, La Jolla, Calif.). Chemicals, media, and growth conditions. (careersfromscience.org)
  • Genomic and cDNA clones complementary to an abundant maternal mRNA were isolated and analyzed with regard to molecular structure, genomic location, transcript expression, and putative gene function. (marquette.edu)
  • Additionally, five representative, cross hybridizing genomic clones were isolated based upon 3$\sp\prime$ nucleotide similarity with 21C cDNA sequences. (marquette.edu)
  • 1984). These results suggest that the 3$\sp\prime$ sequences common to the genomic clones define a subset of Drosophila ribosomal proteins that share similar functional residues. (marquette.edu)
  • Building of genomic DNA library, screening of CMCase-generating clones, and sequencing. (insulin-receptor.info)
  • The genomic library was screened for CMCase-producing clones CLEC4M by using an overlay of 0.7% (wt/vol) top agar containing 0.2% (wt/vol) carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). (insulin-receptor.info)
  • We have utilized a lambda Charon 4A human genomic library to isolate recombinant clones harboring a highly conserved c-src locus containing nucleotide sequences homologous to the transforming gene of Rous sarcoma virus (v-src). (tmu.edu.tw)
  • Three partial genomic clones were generated and the sequence analysis revealed that they were identical at both nucleotide and amino acid levels. (scialert.net)
  • Isolation of clonable DNA (genomic libraries, cDNA synthesis) cloning vectors (plasmids, bacteriophages, cosmids) plasmid incompatibility and control of copy number. (up.ac.za)
  • Studies in fed-batch fermentations demonstrated that under oxygen limitation, the presence of the VHb gene on a multicopy plasmid enhanced the growth and respiratory characteristics of a recombinant E. coli host as compared to equivalent plasmid-carrying and plasmid-free cells. (caltech.edu)
  • This recombinant DNA plasmid was then inserted into bacteria. (pressbooks.pub)
  • This recombinant plasmid can then be used to transform bacteria, which gain the ability to produce the insulin protein. (pressbooks.pub)
  • We developed permissR, an R package to identify permissive sites for chromosomal integration, which can be used in conjunction with pSelAct-Express, a non-replicating integrative plasmid that enables recombination into a permissive genomic location. (biorxiv.org)
  • Common genomic determinants defined most strains' phenotypic, reduced susceptibility to current and historic antibiotics (e.g. bla (TEM) plasmid for penicillin, tetM plasmid for tetracycline, gyrA for ciprofloxacin, 23S rRNA and/or mosaic mtr operon for azithromycin, and mosaic penA for cefixime and ceftriaxone). (cdc.gov)
  • Neither did antibody to the recombinant 37,000 dalton protein react with any treponemal proteins purified by fibronectin affinity chromatography. (bmj.com)
  • This has provided insights into mechanisms of microaerobic gene regulation, and has enabled the development of oxygen-dependent expression systems for high-level synthesis of recombinant proteins. (caltech.edu)
  • Protocols were developed for the use of ORE-based expression systems for regulated, high level synthesis of recombinant proteins in high cell density fermentations. (caltech.edu)
  • Expression of recombinant proteins using bacterial, animal and plant vectors. (aadharinstitute.com)
  • However, if the goal is the production of new or modified proteins, or the determination of tissue-specific expression of timing patterns, cDNA libraries are more appropriate. (biologydiscussion.com)
  • However, identification and functional analysis of such proteins is hampered by the lack of mutational systems in mycoplasmas and by a perceived limitation in translating recombinant mycoplasma genes containing UGA (Trp) codons in other eubacteria. (huji.ac.il)
  • In the proposed research, we have used a novel molecular approach to the systematic identification of the recombinant T-cell reactive proteins (RTPs), an evaluation of the immunoprotective properties of these macromolecules in a murine model of coccidioidomycosis. (grantome.com)
  • Immunoprotective recombinant proteins obtained by this approach are qualified candidates for a human vaccine against coccidioidomycosis. (grantome.com)
  • The gene encoding the VHb polypeptide was isolated from a Vitreoscilla genomic library. (caltech.edu)
  • From genomic libraries, a gene that makes an important biomedical compound can be cloned and expressed as a chemical compound in an artificial system. (noaa.gov)
  • gene cloning in medicine (pharmaceutical agents such as insulin, growth hormone, plasminogen activator, clotting factors, interferon, recombinant gene therapy for genetic diseases). (rnpd.in)
  • Read this article to learn about the gene libraries, genomic libraries and cDNA libraries. (biologydiscussion.com)
  • The choice of the particular type of gene library depends on a number of factors, the most important being the final application of any DNA fragment derived from the library. (biologydiscussion.com)
  • If the ultimate aim understands the control of protein production for a particular gene or its architecture, then genomic libraries must be used. (biologydiscussion.com)
  • By digesting complex genomic DNA from an organism it is possible to reproducibly divide its genome into a large number of small fragments, each approximately the size of a single gene. (biologydiscussion.com)
  • A gene cluster ( pdcEDGFCBA ) was identified in a 10.6 kb DNA fragment of a fosmid library, which cluster encoded the following enzymes involved in PNP degradation: PNP 4-monooxygenase (PdcA), p -benzoquinone (BQ) reductase (PdcB), hydroxyquinol (BT) 1,2-dioxygenase (PdcC), maleylacetate (MA) reductase (PdcF), 4-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde (4-HS) dehydrogenase (PdcG), and hydroquinone (HQ) 1,2-dioxygenase (PdcDE). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The other approach is to screen CRISPR-Cas9-based guide RNA (gRNA) libraries that target either the whole genome using cancer cell and immune cell co-culture systems 9 , 10 , or focused gene sets using immunocompetent murine tumors 11 , 12 . (nature.com)
  • Southern blot analysis indicated that this gene shared limited nucleotide similarity with several other Drosophila genomic sequences. (marquette.edu)
  • In order to advance study on the mechanism of cellulose degradation by this bacterium, we tried to isolate a gene encoding CMCase from the genomic DNA library of 5. (insulin-receptor.info)
  • From cDNA libraries, we isolated a 345 bp cDNA clone corresponding to the C53A.2 gene assigned on WormBase. (wormbook.org)
  • We took advantage of these sequence features to screen the NCBI genomic databases for TM sequences of each type, hypothesizing that the structural difference associated with the two TM types would have implications for host range that had been overlooked in the previous surveys based on the pol gene. (tufts.edu)
  • The selected cDNAs are used to screen the original expression library, or a C. immitis genomic library, to isolate the full-length gene. (grantome.com)
  • These are due to the advance of genome-wide association studies from the ability to create and sequence genomic libraries. (wikipedia.org)
  • Genetic engineering involves the use of recombinant DNA technology, the process by which a DNA sequence is manipulated in vitro, thus creating recombinant DNA molecule s that have new combinations of genetic material. (pressbooks.pub)
  • This means that digesting genomic DNA with EcoRI, which recognizes the sequence 5′-GAATTC-3′, will produce fragments each of which is, on average, just over 4 kb. (biologydiscussion.com)
  • Recombinant DNA technology combines DNA from different sources to create a different sequence of DNA. (motelmexicolabali.com)
  • In silico identification by nucleotide sequence alignment between genomic and cDNA sequences revealed three putative introns in GBSS I. The longest intron was 121 bp long and was located between nucleotide 595 and 716. (scialert.net)
  • Cloning structural genes for Treponema pallidum immunogens and characterisation of recombinant treponemal surface protein, P2 (P2 star). (bmj.com)
  • Molecular techniques make this possible through the isolation of important genes and the production of biomedical compounds through recombinant technology. (noaa.gov)
  • As a result of ocean exploration and research, genomic libraries can be created to preserve all of the genes (DNA) found in marine organisms. (noaa.gov)
  • A DNA library is a set of cloned fragments that collectively represent the genes of a particular organism. (biologydiscussion.com)
  • Particular genes can be isolated from DNA libraries, much as books can be obtained from conventional libraries. (biologydiscussion.com)
  • To identify such genes, a Drosophila egg chamber cDNA library was differentially screened such that maternal RNA sequences were readily identified and selected from the recombinant population. (marquette.edu)
  • The construction of Naegleria first pangenome allowed us to move away from a single reference genome (that does not necessarily represent each species as a whole) and to identify essential and dispensable genes in Naegleria evolution, diversity and biology, paving the way for further genomic and post-genomic studies. (cdc.gov)
  • Below are the steps for creating a genomic library from a large genome. (wikipedia.org)
  • Since the genome of an organism is fixed, chromosomal DNA may be isolated from almost any cell type in order to prepare genomic DNA. (biologydiscussion.com)
  • Northeastern faculty who are involved in genomic research will utilize the Ocean Genome Resource Collection, and students will have the opportunity to contribute to the collection-whether it be through field collection while studying abroad, or through internships and coursework at the marine lab. (neb.com)
  • Ocean Genome Legacy (http://www.oglf.org) is a non-profit, 501(c)(3) organization dedicated to exploring, preserving and protecting the genomic biodiversity of the sea and to supporting research and educational programs that promote genomic biodiversity conservation. (neb.com)
  • Its an organism produced by the insertion of recombinant DNA into the genome of the organism. (motelmexicolabali.com)
  • A transgenic, or genetically modified, organism is one that has been altered through recombinant DNA technology, which involves either the combining of DNA from different genomes or the insertion of foreign DNA into a genome. (motelmexicolabali.com)
  • This TM-based approach also allowed us to identify a novel recombinant retrovirus in the genome of the white-throated sparrow, underscoring the importance of recombination in creating diversity and expanding host range. (tufts.edu)
  • Comparative analyses highlighted a remarkable genomic heterogeneity, even for closely related strains and demonstrate that Naegleria harbors extensive genome variability, reflected in different metabolic repertoires. (cdc.gov)
  • The Committee concluded that full-length genome sequences from additional variola major and minor strains, particularly Congo 70 and Somalia 77, should be determined and that additional clone libraries from selected strains should be prepared. (who.int)
  • Our results indicated that Omicron had replaced Delta as the dominant variant in a very short period of time and that continuously conducting active whole-genome sequencing surveillance is necessary in monitoring the evolution and genomic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 in Viet Nam. (who.int)
  • Generally, libraries made from organisms with larger genomes require vectors featuring larger inserts, thereby fewer vector molecules are needed to make the library. (wikipedia.org)
  • Construction of a genomic library involves creating many recombinant DNA molecules. (wikipedia.org)
  • This creates a large pool of recombinant molecules. (wikipedia.org)
  • These recombinant molecules are taken up by a host bacterium by transformation, creating a DNA library. (wikipedia.org)
  • In recombinant DNA technology, DNA molecules are manipulated using naturally occurring enzymes derived mainly from bacteria and viruses. (pressbooks.pub)
  • The creation of recombinant DNA molecules is possible due to the use of naturally occurring restriction endonucleases (restriction enzymes), bacterial enzymes produced as a protection mechanism to cut and destroy foreign cytoplasmic DNA that is most commonly a result of bacteriophage infection. (pressbooks.pub)
  • A cloned LAV complementary DNA was used to screen a library of recombinant phages constructed from the genomic DNA of LAV-infected T lymphocytes. (pasteur.fr)
  • Recombinant ZAP Express (Stratagene) phages were grown on XL1-Blue MRF. (insulin-receptor.info)
  • EC 2.1.1.6) was determined from rat cDNA and genomic libraries were screened with DNA probes and specific antiserum. (lu.se)
  • The recombinant protein was not recognised by antiserum directed against a fibronectin binding treponemal adhesion that contained the same electrophoretic mobility. (bmj.com)
  • This antiserum specifically reacted with recombinant N protein as well as TSWV infected hosts, but not with groundnut bud necrosis orthotospovirus (GBNV) as well as capsicum chlorosis orthotospovirus (CaCV) infecting tomato and chilli plants. (chxa.com)
  • The libraries will be screened with existing antiserum raised against cell wall and whole cell preparations which have been shown to be T-cell reactive in immune lymph node proliferation (ILNP) assays. (grantome.com)
  • In order to construct a genomic library, the organism's DNA is extracted from cells and then digested with a restriction enzyme to cut the DNA into fragments of a specific size. (wikipedia.org)
  • An organism's genomic DNA is extracted and then digested with a restriction enzyme. (wikipedia.org)
  • The coating antibody at 1 µg/ml concentration and 1:500 dilution of enzyme conjugate were found to be effective and economical in the detection of recombinant N protein of TSWV and the virus present naturally in the infected hosts. (chxa.com)
  • The recombinant protein in Escherichia coli lysates was labelled P2 (P2 star) to differentiate it from the comigrating adhesin protein called P2. (bmj.com)
  • Finally, only sera of patients with primary syphilis possessed appreciable concentrations of antibody to recombinant P2 protein. (bmj.com)
  • The 120-kDa R. conorii antigen was identified by monospecific antibodies to the recombinant protein expressed on construct λ4-7. (utmb.edu)
  • Using DAS-ELISA, the detection limit of recombinant PDCoV N protein and virus titer were approximately 0.5 ng/mL and 10 3.0 TCID 50 /mL, respectively. (chxa.com)
  • The bacterial cells expressed recombinant TSWV-N protein up to a concentration of 9.48 µg/ml. (chxa.com)
  • The genomic epidemiology of O139 in China and the phylogenetic relationship of isolates from China to isolates from other countries in Asia are still unknown. (cdc.gov)
  • Comparative genomic and phylogenetic analyses revealed the genetic characteristics of V. cholerae O139 isolates in Zhejiang and their evolutionary relationships to isolates from countries in Asia. (cdc.gov)
  • Today, the E. coli λ bacteriophage is one of the most widely used vectors used to carry recombinant DNA into bacterial cells. (motelmexicolabali.com)
  • To determine the genomic epidemiology and origins of O139 in China, we sequenced 104 O139 isolates collected from Zhejiang Province, China, during 1994-2018 and compared them with 57 O139 genomes from other countries in Asia. (cdc.gov)
  • United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland tions in order to monitor the genomic epidemiology of on 27 December 2021. (who.int)
  • Each genomic clone hybridized in situ to a different Minute locus. (marquette.edu)
  • Calculating the titer allows researchers to approximate how many infectious viral particles were successfully created in the library. (wikipedia.org)
  • A similar method can be used to titer genomic libraries made with non-viral vectors, such as plasmids and BACs. (wikipedia.org)
  • On this basis, we will construct three corresponding cDNA expression libraries with mRNA isolated from the above parasitic phases. (grantome.com)
  • Cloning vectors (Cloning vehicles) are used for creating genomic libraries, preparing probes, genetic engineering, or other basic studies. (biologyexams4u.com)
  • and a cDNA library, which represents the mRNA from a cell or tissue at a specific point of time. (biologydiscussion.com)
  • In contrast, however, cDNA libraries represent only mRNA being produced from a specific cell type at a particular time in the cell's development. (biologydiscussion.com)
  • Thus, it is important to consider carefully the cell or tissue type from which the mRNA is to be deriver in the construction of cDNA libraries. (biologydiscussion.com)
  • Sanger and his team of scientists created a library of the bacteriophage, phi X 174, for use in DNA sequencing. (wikipedia.org)
  • One recombinant bacteriophage showed xylanase, xylosidase and arabinosidase activity. (edu.au)
  • Two cosmids, R02D5 and D1027 (asterisk), and a 900 bp genomic fragment derived from R02D5 rescued the ven-1 defects. (wormbook.org)
  • Nucleic acid oligonucleotides and immunoscreening of libraries and other probes. (rnpd.in)
  • The choice of vector also depends on whether a genomic library or cDNA library is constructed. (biologydiscussion.com)
  • Molecular cloning techniques were used to make genomic Rickettsia conorii (Malish 7 strain) libraries in expression vector λgt11. (utmb.edu)
  • A genomic DNA library of 5 was constructed in the ZAP Express vector as explained previously (23). (insulin-receptor.info)
  • The most important requirement for recombinant DNA technology is the cloning vector and expression vectors. (biologyexams4u.com)
  • Two complementary methodologies, capture of 3′ cDNA tags and genomic reduced-representation libraries, both of which exploited second generation sequencing platforms, were used to develop a low density (768) Illumina GoldenGate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. (smartearthcamelina.ca)
  • To do this, dilutions of the library are used to transform cultures of E. coli of known concentrations. (wikipedia.org)
  • A test ligation of the library can be used to transform E. coli. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, in vitro screens are limited to a lack of tumor microenvironment, and the gRNA library coverage or selection often limits the pathological relevance of targets unraveled by in vivo screens. (nature.com)
  • abstract = "A genomic library of the extremely thermophilic eubacterial strain Rt8B.4 was constructed in λZapII and screened for the expression of xylanase activity. (edu.au)
  • Recombinant DNA technology is the artificial recombination of DNA from two organisms. (pressbooks.pub)
  • The array allowed 533 SNP loci to be genetically mapped in a recombinant inbred population of C. sativa. (smartearthcamelina.ca)
  • Recombinant DNA technology is used in a wide range of applications from vaccine production to the production of genetically engineered crops. (motelmexicolabali.com)
  • More importantly, the DAS-ELISA could detect the antigen of PDCoV Joblink C-terminal 10xHis-tagged Recombinant inactivated virus, and the viral antigen concentrations remained unchanged in the inactivated virus. (chxa.com)
  • The genomic organization of the granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSS I) in cassava was examined to increase our knowledge of starch biosynthesis and facilitate the production of modified starches in cassava. (scialert.net)
  • Recombinant DNA technology is playing a vital role in improving health conditions by developing new vaccines and pharmaceuticals. (motelmexicolabali.com)
  • Bacteria are used in recombinant technology due to various reasons. (motelmexicolabali.com)
  • The number of viral plaques are counted and can be used to calculate the total number of infectious viral particles in the library. (wikipedia.org)
  • This allows researchers to also determine the percentage of infectious viral particles actually carrying a fragment of the library. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here we investigate the impact of different immune pressure on tumor clonal dynamics and immune evasion mechanism, by combining massive parallel sequencing of immune edited tumors and CRISPR library screens in syngeneic mouse tumor model and co-culture system. (nature.com)