• An understanding of the pathophysiology of sterile corneal ulceration requires a review of the processes involved in epithelial and stromal wound healing, as well as an examination of the role of precorneal tear film, corneal nerves, proteolytic enzymes, and cytokines. (medscape.com)
  • Comparing HESC controls with HESCs deficient in SRC-3, gene enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed gene set revealed an overrepresentation of genes involved in chromatin remodeling, cell proliferation/motility, and programmed cell death. (frontiersin.org)
  • Proliferation of the cancer cells was significantly increased through the steroid sulfatase pathway, which metabolizes androgens, estrone sulfate, and estradiol sulfate as its substrates. (scirp.org)
  • We evaluated the effects of STS inhibitor and aromatase inhibitors on the proliferation of estrogen-dependent endometrial cancer cells. (scirp.org)
  • At various time points in culture, the following parameters were compared between fetal and adult MSCs: cell morphology, cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium ( 45 Ca) uptake, von Kossa staining, and glucocorticoids receptor expression were analyzed. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Both fetal and adult MSCs responded similarly in DEX-containing media with respect to suppressing cell proliferation, stimulating alkaline phosphatase activity, and consistently accumulating calcium (usually higher in fetal cells) with subsequent formation of mineralized matrix when compared with cells cultured in AS+GP. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • In conclusion, compared with adult MSCs, fetal cells showed greater ability in sustaining cell proliferation and calcium uptake suggesting that they may be useful for bone tissue repair. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • A sufficient supply of progenitor stem cells to facilitate epithelial cell proliferation is important for the cornea. (medscape.com)
  • BACKGROUND: Focal adhesions (FAs) are integrin-containing, multi-protein structures that link intracellular actin to the extracellular matrix and trigger multiple signaling pathways that control cell proliferation, differentiation, survival and motility. (bvsalud.org)
  • It maintains normal hematopoietic function by interacting with hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to control their proliferation and differentiation ( Morrison and Scadden, 2014 ). (techscience.com)
  • CYP3A4 increased endometrial cell proliferation and was also increased in human endometriosis lesions compared with eutopic endometrium. (endometriosi.it)
  • Cell cycle analysis revealed that the DHA plus bFGF treatment induced a decrease of BMSC proliferation and increased the cells in the G0 resting phase. (biosciencetrends.com)
  • in wounded kidney epithelial cells (MDCK cells), the overexpression of PMP22 reduced proliferation and migration and changed permeability of cell monolayers (17). (tam-receptor.com)
  • Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) receptor 3 (EP3) regulates tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in numerous cancers. (oncotarget.com)
  • Treatment with EP3 antagonists induced upregulation of estrogen receptor β and decreased activity of Ras and led to attenuated proliferation and migration of RL95-2 cells. (oncotarget.com)
  • Enriched expression of genes in LRECb was associated with stem cell attributes and identified WNT, TGF-β, and MAPK pathways of self renewal and proliferation. (frontiersin.org)
  • During rapid mammary growth in the mouse, label retaining epithelial cells (LREC) appear to retain label by asymmetric distribution of DNA strands, as evidenced by a rapid proliferation index of the LREC ( Smith, 2005 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • During periods of low mammary proliferation, quiescence of the stem cell population may account for retention of label. (frontiersin.org)
  • Keywords: prostate swelling androgen receptor TGF-β1 laser capture microdissection Intro Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is definitely associated with proliferation of the prostatic duct and stromal component and commonly impacts older men by inducing lower urinary system symptoms. (healthweeks.com)
  • The inflammatory process causes persistent and repeated cell and genomic harm that leads to increased cell proliferation. (healthweeks.com)
  • Taken together, our study provided more details regarding the expression of cholinergic receptors in osteocytes and ACh-induced cell proliferation and gene expression via the cholinergic receptors in vitro. (immunoglobulin-light-chain-variable-region-fragment.com)
  • 2000). VEGF is also a key mediator of angiogenesis and neovascularization, which are required for cancer cell proliferation. (immunoglobulin-light-chain-variable-region-fragment.com)
  • In vitro cell proliferation studies showed that supplementing BMP-2 to Tet-Off BMSCs significantly increased the cell number during the first 24 h. (omicsdi.org)
  • Increasing evidence suggests that SDF-1 is involved in bone formation through regulation of recruitment, engraftment, proliferation, and differentiation of stem/progenitor cells. (omicsdi.org)
  • Collectively, our experiments suggest that the IRE1α-mediated signaling promotes muscle regeneration through augmenting the proliferation of satellite cells in a cell non-autonomous manner. (elifesciences.org)
  • In addition, previous studies have shown that lysosomes may play important roles in cancer development and progression through the abovementioned biological processes and that the functional status and spatial distribution of lysosomes are closely related to cancer cell proliferation, energy metabolism, invasion and metastasis, immune escape and tumor-associated angiogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recently, signaling by GCC and its downstream effector, cyclic GMP (cGMP) has emerged as a principal regulator of proliferation in human colon cancer cells. (jefferson.edu)
  • In close agreement, induction of GCC signaling in mucosal sheets ex vivo and intestinal cells in vitro inhibited proliferation by activating cGMP-dependent protein kinase and delaying the cell cycle at the G1/S transition. (jefferson.edu)
  • Separately, deletion of GCC increased tumor growth by releasing a restriction on the cell cycle normally constraining epithelial cell proliferation. (jefferson.edu)
  • This previously unrecognized role of GCC as a tumor suppressor by restricting proliferation and maintaining genomic integrity suggests that receptor dysregulation reflecting ligand insufficiency is a key event during early colorectal tumorigenesis. (jefferson.edu)
  • The HT-KIT drug is designed to more specifically target the receptor tyrosine kinase KIT in mast cells, which is required for the proliferation, survival and differentiation of bone marrow-derived hematopoietic stem cells. (reachmd.com)
  • We show here that, like SRC-2, SRC-3 is expressed in the epithelial and stromal cellular compartments of the human endometrium during the proliferative and secretory phase of the menstrual cycle as well as in cultured HESCs. (frontiersin.org)
  • CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest a paracrine/autocrine modulation of epithelial and stromal cells of fibroadenomas through an aFGF-FGFR4 interaction. (uninsubria.it)
  • When the level of estrogen receptor (ER)-β mRNA in tumors, determined by reverse transcription-PCR, was assessed according to either ER status or PR status alone, determined by ligand binding assays, the level of ER-β mRNA was significantly lower in PR+ tumors compared with PR−tumors ( P = 0.036), and no association with ER status was found. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Subgroup analysis showed that ER-β mRNA expression in ER+/PR+ breast tumors was significantly less than in ER+/PR− ( P = 0.009), ER−/PR+ ( P = 0.029), and ER−/PR− ( P = 0.023) groups. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Furthermore, the relative expression of ER-α and ER-β mRNA changes between normal human breast tissues and their concurrent matched ER+ breast tumors (6) , suggesting that altered expression of ER-α and ER-β occurs and may be functionally involved in breast tumorigenesis. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Interestingly, it also seemed that the level of ER-β mRNA varied among breast tumors but was not correlated with the expression of ER-α (4) , although the two receptor mRNAs were often coexpressed in the same tumor. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Big'-insulin-like growth factor-II signaling is an autocrine survival pathway in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. (ru.nl)
  • New treatment targets need to be identified in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) to extend the treatment options for patients experiencing failure with small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as imatinib. (ru.nl)
  • As revealed in recent years, CTHRC1 is upregulated in various tumors, and promote cancer cell invasion and migration [ 9 , 10 , 11 ], which also works as a potential biomarker of various cancers. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Effective immunotherapy of stromal-rich tumors requires simultaneous targeting of cancer cells and immunosuppressive elements of the microenvironment. (aacrjournals.org)
  • In addition, the research will expand therapeutic potential of HT-KIT for the treatment of other cancers where aberrant cKIT signaling contributes to the cancer progression, such as gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). (reachmd.com)
  • Mutations in the KIT pathway have been associated with several human cancers, such as gastrointestinal stromal tumors and mast cell-derived cancers (mast cell leukemia and mast cell sarcoma). (reachmd.com)
  • Triple Targeting of Breast Tumors Driven by Hormonal Receptors and HER2. (cuanschutz.edu)
  • Clinical hallmarks of VHL disease include the development of retinal and central nervous system (CNS) hemangioblastomas (blood vessel tumors), pheochromocytomas , multiple cysts in the pancreas and kidneys, and an increased risk for malignant transformation of renal cysts into renal cell carcinoma. (medscape.com)
  • B-cell lymphomas (BCLs) constitute a diverse set of tially identify new functional, diagnostic, and therapeutic tumors, both morphologically and clinically, that are mainly targets. (lu.se)
  • The bone marrow microenvironment (BMME) is a complex network system primarily comprising stromal cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), osteoprogenitor cells, vascular endothelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, and cytokines. (techscience.com)
  • Immunohistochemical staining showed that VEGF and VEGF-R2 were expressed in epithelial, stromal and endothelial cells. (amsterdamumc.org)
  • In vitro, conditioned medium from exo-adipocytes promoted HepG2 cell migration and increased tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • More importantly, we show that functional VEGF-C is transported by extracellular vesicles (EVs) to enhance the lymphangiogenic ability of lymphatic endothelial cells. (endometriosistreatmentreport.com)
  • [ 2 ] Diagnosed in 50% of patients with VHL disease, these hemangiomas are composed of endothelial cells and pericytes. (medscape.com)
  • Two periods of elevated mRNA expression of ligands and receptors were observed, separated by a distinct drop at cycle days (CDs) 9 and 10. (amsterdamumc.org)
  • We also found that SRC-3 depletion in cultured HESCs results in a significant attenuation in the induction of a wide-range of established biomarkers of decidualization, despite exposure of these cells to a deciduogenic stimulus and normal progesterone receptor expression. (frontiersin.org)
  • However, controversies exist regarding the status of the steroid hormone receptor expression in endometriotic tissues. (springer.com)
  • The purpose of this study was to determine the ontogeny of cellular changes in the expression of estrogen receptors (ERα, ERβ), G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1), and progesterone receptors (PRs) in endometriosis using a mouse model. (springer.com)
  • We used the autologous uterine tissue transfer mouse model and studied the mRNA and protein expression of ERα, ERβ, GPER1, and PR in ectopic lesions at 2, 4, and 8 weeks of induction of endometriosis. (springer.com)
  • The expression of all these receptors also deferred between two lesions from the same animal. (springer.com)
  • We propose that the variable outcomes in hormonal therapy for endometriosis could be possibly due to heterogeneity in the expression of steroid hormone receptors in the ectopic endometrium. (springer.com)
  • Matsuzaki S, Murakami T, Uehara S, Canis M, Sasano H, Okamura K. Expression of estrogen receptor alpha and beta in peritoneal and ovarian endometriosis. (springer.com)
  • Expression of the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) in endometriosis: a tissue microarray study. (springer.com)
  • METHODS: The cell model consisted of human melanoma cell line MDA-MB-435S and stably transfected clone with decreased expression of integrin αV (3αV). (bvsalud.org)
  • RESULTS: In this study, we found that AGK depletion or AGK mutation had no effect on the platelet average volumes, the platelet microstructures, or the expression levels of the major platelet membrane receptors. (bvsalud.org)
  • The pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) may be related to the abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), which could influence the differentiation capacity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) towards adipogenic and osteogenic lineages. (techscience.com)
  • This translates into a larger resorption area, a higher RANKL expression and a lower OPG mRNA expression, with an increased RANKL/OPG ratio. (oatext.com)
  • We analysed the mRNA expression levels of all known vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) ligands and receptors in human endometrium collected in the menstrual and proliferative phases of the menstrual cycle. (amsterdamumc.org)
  • Except for endothelial VEGF-R2 expression in CDs 6-8, there were no significant differences in the expression of VEGF, VEGF-R2 or NRP-1 in any of the cell compartments. (amsterdamumc.org)
  • Changes in VEGF ligands and receptors were associated with elevated expression of the hypoxia markers HIF1alpha and CA-IX in the menstrual and early proliferative phases. (amsterdamumc.org)
  • Interestingly, the ER-β mRNA expression was specifically decreased by progestin in T-47D breast cancer cells. (aacrjournals.org)
  • In this study, the relationship of ER-β mRNA expression to ER and PR status, as determined by ligand binding analysis, was investigated. (aacrjournals.org)
  • We detected a significant increase of GPR40 mRNA and protein expression after bFGF induction, being compared with the untreated BMSC. (biosciencetrends.com)
  • Many osteopenic disorders, including a postmenopausal osteoporosis and lytic bone metastasis in breast and prostate cancers, are linked with a hyperosteoclast activity due to increased receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) expression in osteoblastic/stromal cells. (hindawi.com)
  • Additionally, saikosaponins A and D inhibited mRNA expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein as well as cell viability and invasion in metastatic human breast cancer cells. (hindawi.com)
  • Using microdissection, Gli1 protein and mRNA expression were positively correlated with one another. (bcm.edu)
  • However, Ptch1 protein and mRNA expression were not positively correlated in these samples, as might be expected based on current models for hedgehog network function. (bcm.edu)
  • With respect to mRNA expression, one striking observation was that Smo mRNA levels were significantly higher than normal in 4 of 10 samples examined. (bcm.edu)
  • RL95-2 endometrial cancer cell line was chosen from four endometrial cancer cell lines (RL95-2, Ishikawa, HEC-1-A, and HEC-1-B) according to EP3 expression level. (oncotarget.com)
  • IR isoform A mRNA and protein expression, but not that of IGF-1R, was found in these KIT mutant cell lines and in KIT and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha-mutant GIST specimens. (ru.nl)
  • In our previous work, we demonstrated that the expression of reelin and NPY can be modulated by corticosterone, a catabolic factor for bone, in the MLO-Y4 cells (Ma et al. (immunoglobulin-light-chain-variable-region-fragment.com)
  • 2012). In this study, we found that ACh could regulate the mRNA expression of osteocytic NPY via m- and n-AChRs without changing the protein levels (Fig. 6). (immunoglobulin-light-chain-variable-region-fragment.com)
  • Additionally, the treatment of ACh simultaneously activated the m- and n-AChRs, which had an opposite effect that resulted in a decrease in the protein expression of reelin and no change in the gene expression (Fig. 6B and E). The antagonism among the cholinergic receptor subtypes indicates that the specific activation or inhibition of one receptor subunit may destroy a certain metabolic balance in healthy cells. (immunoglobulin-light-chain-variable-region-fragment.com)
  • Mesenchymal stem cell expression of SDF-1? (omicsdi.org)
  • Mesenchymal stem cell expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1? (omicsdi.org)
  • As linear correlations exist between expression levels of angiogenic factors under normoxic and hypoxic conditions in vitro , we propose that explanted primary cells may be used to probe the in vivo hypoxic environment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, recent study represented that miRNA mediates gene expression via targeting 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of mRNA [ 14 ], so as to modulate the progression of various diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In that context, differentiated enterocytes in villi exhibit higher guanylin expression and ligand-dependent cGMP accumulation compared to proliferating progenitor cells in crypts. (jefferson.edu)
  • meanwhile, the mRNA expression levels of Ets-1, C-myc, Ccnd1, and C-fos were detected by reverse transcription and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). (hindawi.com)
  • The osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs was detected by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, and the mRNA expression levels of ALP, OCN, COL, and Runx2 were detected by qPCR. (hindawi.com)
  • Progesterone resistance due to suppressed progesterone receptor (PGR) expression and action is a general feature of endometriosis and is a cause of endometriosis-associated chronic pelvic pain, infertility, inflammatory disorders, and cancer. (emjreviews.com)
  • On the other hand, PGR expression and activity in target cells is significantly dysregulated in both eutopic and ectopic tissues compared with control endometrium. (emjreviews.com)
  • Transcription factors (TFs) are critical for B-cell differentiation, affecting gene expression both by repres- sion and transcriptional activation. (lu.se)
  • Hierarchical clustering showed a distinct signature with high dose and a similarity in mRNA expression pattern of low and medium doses of CB+O3. (cdc.gov)
  • Endothelial toxicity was evaluated by quantifying pro-inflammatory mRNA expression, monolayer permeability, and wound closure. (cdc.gov)
  • Treatment with CB(ox) demonstrated greater in vivo inflammatory potentials (lavage neutrophil counts, secreted cytokine, and lung tissue mRNA expression) and air-blood barrier disruption (lavage proteins). (cdc.gov)
  • Conditioned medium from CB(ox)-treated macrophages induced significant elevation in endothelial cell pro-inflammatory mRNA expression, enhanced monolayer permeability and impairment of scratch healing in CXCR3 dependent manner. (cdc.gov)
  • Beta 2-Adrenergic Receptor in Circulating Cancer-Associated Cells Predicts for Increases in Stromal Macrophages in Circulation and Patient Survival in Metastatic Breast Cancer. (mayoclinic.org)
  • In this study, we aimed to evaluate the possible effects of tumor-stromal interactions on local estrogen biosynthesis in endometrial cancer. (scirp.org)
  • Estrogen receptor and steroid sulfatase mRNA levels in cancer cells were significantly higher in the co-cultures compared with the monocultures of endometrial cancer cells. (scirp.org)
  • Estrogen receptor-β, estrogen receptor-α, and progesterone resistance in endometriosis. (springer.com)
  • Kolkova Z, Noskova V, Ehinger A, Hansson S, Casslén B. G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER, GPR 30) in normal human endometrium and early pregnancy decidua. (springer.com)
  • Paterni I, Granchi C, Katzenellenbogen JA, Minutolo F. Estrogen receptors alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ): subtype-selective ligands and clinical potential. (springer.com)
  • Reversal of fortune: estrogen receptor-β in endometriosis. (springer.com)
  • Estrogen receptor β modulates apoptosis complexes and the inflammasome to drive the pathogenesis of endometriosis. (springer.com)
  • We performed a cost-minimization analysis to compare the cost of biomarker analysis for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 status with immunohistochemistry versus STRAT4. (bvsalud.org)
  • Recently, we have shown the presence of ER-β mRNA in both normal and neoplastic human breast tissues (4, 5) . (aacrjournals.org)
  • RESULTS: Immunoreactivity for aFGF and FGFR4 was seen in epithelial cells, but it was lacking in myoepithelial cells of both normal tissues and fibroadenomas. (uninsubria.it)
  • The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
  • Tachykinins are small neuropeptides from 10-12 amino acids long synthesized in various nuclei of the central nervous system such as the substania gelatinosa of the dorsal spinal cord and certain nuclei of the limbic lobes as well as in a number of non-neuronal tissues like stromal cells of the BM [3]. (brainimmune.com)
  • Bone marrow-derived stromal cells can express neuronal markers by DHA/GPR40 signaling. (biosciencetrends.com)
  • Here, we aimed at studying whether bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BMSC) treated by docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) can express neuronal markers in vitro. (biosciencetrends.com)
  • works in concert with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) to potentiate osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BMSCs). (omicsdi.org)
  • Numerous studies have revealed that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BMSCs) hold great potential for regenerative therapies. (omicsdi.org)
  • potentiates bone morphogenetic protein-2-stimulated osteoinduction of genetically engineered bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. (omicsdi.org)
  • Skeletal injuries are among the most prevalent clinical problems and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BMSCs) have successfully been used for the treatment thereof. (omicsdi.org)
  • Homo sapiens chemokine receptor (CXCR-4) gene, complete cds. (lu.se)
  • Homo sapiens chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 (CXCR4), mRNA. (lu.se)
  • C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXC-R4) (CXCR-4) (Stromal cell- derived factor 1 receptor) (SDF-1 receptor) (Fusin) (Leukocyte-derived seven transmembrane domain receptor) (LESTR) (LCR1) (FB22) (NPYRL) (HM89) (CD184 antigen). (lu.se)
  • The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2, also known as the cholinergic receptor, muscarinic 2, is a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor that in humans is encoded by the CHRM2 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • This gene encodes a receptor for the OX-2 membrane glycoprotein. (antibodies-online.com)
  • The most commonly lost gene products in colorectal carcinogenesis include guanylin and uroguanylin, the endogenous ligands for guanylyl cyclase C (GCC, GUCY2C), the intestinal receptor for diarrheagenic bacterial enterotoxins. (jefferson.edu)
  • ExRNAs may be transferred between cells and have functional significance in health and diseases by horizontal gene regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Many RNA species have been found in eukaryotic cells by interpretations of gene transcription within genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • however, such operational efficiencies are unlikely, and more laboratories are pursuing human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 analysis as targeted therapies become increasingly available. (bvsalud.org)
  • In this study, we aimed to determine the pattern of immunohistochemical profiles of IDC using oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor 2 receptor (HER2) and proliferative index (Ki-67) biomarkers in our tertiary healthcare facility in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria given the dearth of its data in our environment. (bvsalud.org)
  • Previous molecular characterizations of mammary stem cells (MaSC) have utilized fluorescence-activated cell sorting or in vitro cultivation of cells from enzymatically dissociated tissue to enrich for MaSC. (frontiersin.org)
  • In vitro studies have shown that stromal cells cultured in hypoxic growth conditions secrete higher levels of critical angiogenesis-inducing factors than cells cultured in normoxic conditions [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Placental cell lines, BeWo- and JEG-3 cells, were stimulated with the trace amines T 0 AM and T 1 AM in vitro . (bioscientifica.com)
  • Our results provide new insights into the concept that tumor cell-derived exosomes can educate surrounding adipocytes to create a favorable microenvironment for tumor progression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Tumor behavior is determined by not only the malignant potential of tumor cell itself but also the signals from its microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For VEGF, the target of current therapies, this correlation between hypoxia and higher cytokine levels was greater in primary breast and lung carcinoma cells than in ovarian carcinoma cells or tumor cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, most GEP studies have typically been performed on whole tissue samples, containing varying degrees of tumor cell content, which results in uncertainties in data analysis. (lu.se)
  • Gβγ shifts the open probability of K+ channels in the membrane of the cardiac pacemaker cells, which causes an outward current of potassium, effectively hyperpolarizing the membrane, which slows down the heart rate. (wikipedia.org)
  • Vinculin, a plasma protein, links fibers to talin, which is a cell membrane protein. (medscape.com)
  • The basement membrane is also important for epithelial migration, and abnormalities in basement membrane structure, whether due to trauma (eg, recurrent erosion syndrome) or dystrophy (eg, basement membrane dystrophy), can lead to persistence of corneal epithelial defects and stromal ulceration. (medscape.com)
  • Growing evidence suggests that transcriptional regulators and secreted RNA molecules encapsulated within membrane vesicles modify the phenotype of target cells. (unicyte.ch)
  • Membrane vesicles, actively released by cells, represent a mechanism of intercellular communication that is conserved evolutionarily and involves the transfer of molecules able to induce epigenetic changes in recipient cells. (unicyte.ch)
  • Cells can communicate via physical interactions, in- cluding membrane bridge formation, such as tunneling nanotubes and cytonemes, and/or through the release of soluble factors [1-3]. (unicyte.ch)
  • Lysosomes are an important component of the inner membrane system and participate in numerous cell biological processes, such as macromolecular degradation, antigen presentation, intracellular pathogen destruction, plasma membrane repair, exosome release, cell adhesion/migration and apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 5) Lysosomes can also fuse with the plasma membrane to mediate membrane repair or discharge contents outside the cell, such as cathepsins or immune factors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We isolated stromal cells from endometrial cancer patients to examine local biosynthesis of estrogens and tumor-stromal interactions. (scirp.org)
  • These approaches result in the loss of all histological information pertaining to the in vivo locale of MaSC and progenitor cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • Instead, we used laser microdissection to excise putative progenitor cells and control cells from their in situ locations in cryosections and characterized the molecular properties of these cells. (frontiersin.org)
  • MaSC/progenitor cells were identified based on their ability to retain bromodeoxyuridine for an extended period. (frontiersin.org)
  • whereas LREC in suprabasal epithelial layers are enriched for more committed progenitor cells, expressing some genes that are associated with stem cell attributes along with those indicative of cell differentiation. (frontiersin.org)
  • Crypt expansion reflected hyperplasia of the proliferating compartment with reciprocal increases in rapidly cycling progenitor cells and reductions in differentiated cells of the secretory lineage, including Paneth and goblet, but not enteroendocrine, cells. (jefferson.edu)
  • Erythropoietin is a glycoprotein hormone that stimulates red blood cell (RBC) production in bone marrow via binding to the cell-surface receptor on hematopoietic progenitor cells, and it has been widely used for treating anemia [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Osteoclasts and odontoclasts are multinucleated cells derived from hematogenous bone marrow, from the monocyte/macrophage cell lineage, and are formed by the fusion of these cells under the action of colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1), macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand), which also have a role in chemotaxis and cell differentiation [1]. (oatext.com)
  • The differentiation of the osteoclast precursor into a mature osteoclast requires RANKL binding to its receptor RANK (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B). However, OPG binding to RANKL will block RANKL binding to RANK, which will result in inhibition of osteoclastogenesis (Figure 1) [3]. (oatext.com)
  • Bisphosphonates and denosumab, a receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) inhibitor, delay time to first skeletal related event. (hindawi.com)
  • Osteoblasts have been thought to be the major cell type that expresses RANKL (Suda et al. (immunoglobulin-light-chain-variable-region-fragment.com)
  • The present study showed a reciprocal regulation of RANKL and OPG mRNA caused by ACh via the cholinergic receptors, which resulted in a significant increase in the mRNA ratio of RANKL:OPG in osteocytes (Fig. 3B). (immunoglobulin-light-chain-variable-region-fragment.com)
  • Our previous studies, however, indicated an implication of both bone marrow cells as potential progenitors of hippocampal newborn neurons and polyunsaturated fatty acids as ligands of G protein-coupled receptor 40 (GPR40) signaling. (biosciencetrends.com)
  • Estradiol and androstenediol concentrations were also significantly higher in the co-cultured cells. (scirp.org)
  • Stimulation of BeWo cells with T 1 AM significantly reduced DDC mRNA and protein levels. (bioscientifica.com)
  • In this study, we demonstrated that NSCLC-derived CAFs were innately resistant to cisplatin treatment and CAFs-conditioned medium significantly promoted the survival rate of NSCLC cells after cisplatin treatment. (dovepress.com)
  • Cell migration was analyzed with Transwell Cell Culture Inserts. (bvsalud.org)
  • Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a classification of lung cancer, and cell invasion and migration of LUAD are the main causes for its high mortality. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It was uncovered that overexpressing CTHRC1 promoted LUAD cell migration and invasion, and inhibited cell adhesion, while knocked down CTHRC1 had the opposite effect. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Overexpressed miR-30a-5p suppressed cell invasion/migration, and increased cell adhesion, while overexpressing CTHRC1 as well reversed such impacts. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In conclusion, it was disclosed in this study that CTHRC1 worked as a cancer promoter in LUAD, and miR-30a-5p could target and downregulate CTHRC1 to regulate cell adhesion, and inhibited LUAD cell invasion and migration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Crypt hyperplasia in GCC-/- mice was associated with compensatory increases in cell migration and apoptosis. (jefferson.edu)
  • Notably, it promotes the osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) [ 15 - 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Other recent studies verified the presence of PAPP-A mRNA in granulosa cells of humans, monkeys, cattle, mice, and pigs. (bioone.org)
  • Increases in the amount of PAPP-A mRNA in granulosa cells during follicular development occurs in some but not all species, indicating that other proteases or protease inhibitors may be involved in IGFBP degradation. (bioone.org)
  • HN - 2008 BX - Von Ebner's Glands MH - Cumulus Cells UI - D054885 MN - A05.360.319.114.630.535.200.500 MN - A06.407.312.497.535.300.500 MN - A11.436.300.500 MS - The granulosa cells of the cumulus oophorus which surround the OVUM in the GRAAFIAN FOLLICLE. (bvsalud.org)
  • HN - 2008 BX - Granulosa Cells, Cumulus MH - Coronary Sinus UI - D054326 MN - A07.231.908.194.500 MS - A short vein that collects about two thirds of the venous blood from the MYOCARDIUM and drains into the RIGHT ATRIUM. (bvsalud.org)
  • The osteoclastic potential of bone marrow stromal monocytes (BMSCs) in maxillary/mandibular bones differs from that of BMSCs in long bones. (oatext.com)
  • BMSCs, augments the cell-mediated therapeutic effects resulting in enhanced bone formation, as evidenced by ex vivo ?CT and bone histomorphometry. (omicsdi.org)
  • The effects of erythropoietin (EPO) on the behaviors of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) subjected to mechanical stretch remain unclear. (hindawi.com)
  • According to the literature, the pathogenesis of HT-related thyroid cancer may be due to the diffuse lymphocyte infiltration, apoptosis of thyroid epithelial cells, fibrous replacement, and follicular destruction in HT. (medsci.org)
  • In Ishikawa cells, TGFβ1 treatment resulted in noncanonical SMAD-mediated transient up-regulation and sustained repression of KLF11. (endometriosi.it)
  • We also discuss normal synthesis of tachykinins and their receptors, yet focus on their regulation by microRNA, messenger RNA stabilizing proteins, and transcription factors like Restrictive Element-1 Silencing Factor (REST). (brainimmune.com)
  • Down-regulation of either big-IGF-II or IR affected AKT and MAPK signaling and reduced survival in both cell lines. (ru.nl)
  • 11 Chemoresistance, either acquired or intrinsic, is associated with a complicated and multifactorial process, including decreases of intracellular drugs, changes of drug targets, aberrant regulation of cell survival or death, and crosstalks between tumor microenvironment and cancer cells. (dovepress.com)
  • The bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) population, which makes up a large part of the hematopoietic microenvironment, encompasses a variety of adherent cell types. (techscience.com)
  • Next we examined the effects of steroid sulfatase inhibitor and aromatase inhibitor in monoculture of endometrial cancer cell line (Ishikawa) and in a co-culture system involving an Ishikawa cells and stromal cells. (scirp.org)
  • Ex vivo cultures of myofiber explants demonstrate that ablation of IRE1α reduces the proliferative capacity of myofiber-associated satellite cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • Exosomes, released by malignant cells, represent a novel way of cell-cell interaction and have been shown to play an important role in cancer cell communication with their microenvironment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, it is clear that the crosstalk between tumor cells and their surrounding microenvironment is crucial for HCC development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Within the bone marrow, the tachykinins have been shown to have critical effects on the microenvironment, including metastasis and dormancy of cancer cells during clinical remission. (brainimmune.com)
  • The cell phenotype is therefore determined by signals that target the cells received within a defined microenvironment. (unicyte.ch)
  • Numerous cytokines and growth factors that are up-regulated in corneal cells further contribute to tissue inflammation. (medscape.com)
  • Later, Arnold Caplan's group described mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) as multipotent mesenchymal cell populations which can differentiate into several tissue types, and demonstrated roles for MSCs in the regeneration of bone, cartilage or ligaments in animal and clinical studies [2-4]. (stemcellslab.net)
  • The tissue source of the MSCs was in most cases not decisive, and cells from various tissue sources were explored. (stemcellslab.net)
  • The relevance of these phenomena in stem cell biology and tissue repair is discussed. (unicyte.ch)
  • Tissue engineering combining functional cells, biomaterials and osteoinductive cues may provide alternative treatment strategies. (omicsdi.org)
  • The findings shed new light on mechanisms of regeneration of healthy myofibers after severe tissue injury and suggest interplay between these fibers and muscle satellite cells though mechanisms remain to be elucidated. (elifesciences.org)
  • Skeletal muscle, the most abundant tissue of the body, has remarkable regenerative capacity mainly due to its resident muscle stem cells, also known as satellite cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • 2 In an elegant review, Redwine 3 challenged this theory and demonstrated, by analysing a large number of parameters, that endometriosis tissue is primarily reflected dissimilarity than similarity with eutopic endometrium in the uterus, including inadequate secretory differentiation in endometriotic cells under progesterone dominance during the luteal phase. (emjreviews.com)
  • Previous studies have focused intensively on the interactions between HCC cells and a wide variety of immune cells such as Kupffer cells, NK cells, T cells, and several antigen-presenting cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Acetylcholine can play an intermediary role in the interactions of non-neuronal cells with the external environment, hormones, growth factors, cytokines and the neural system (Wessler and Kirkpatrick, 2008). (immunoglobulin-light-chain-variable-region-fragment.com)
  • The fate of the cell is deter- mined by coordinated and dynamic interactions among a number of factors, acting in a defined microenviron- ment. (unicyte.ch)
  • CD117 by immunohistochemical methods sion molecules, involved in cell-cell and in order to clarify the role of the infiltrating cell matrix interactions and thought to take inflammatory cells in the pathomechanisms part in cell motility [ 2,3 ]. (who.int)
  • During the process of airway inflammation, complex interactions of innate and adaptive immune cells as well as structural cells and their cytokines have many important roles. (cdc.gov)
  • G protein-coupled receptor-specific internalization, with a subsequent upregulation of neuronal markers such as β III-tubulin, NF-M and Map2. (biosciencetrends.com)
  • Significant upregulation of androgen receptor and androgen-responsive genes such as Eaf2 ELL2 FKBP5 calreticulin and ornithine decarboxylase was observed in the LCM-dissected epithelium. (healthweeks.com)
  • These molecular findings are supported at the cellular level by the inability of HESCs to morphologically transform from a stromal fibroblastoid cell to an epithelioid decidual cell when endogenous SRC-3 levels are markedly reduced. (frontiersin.org)
  • Via double-immunofluorescence, a DDC-positive cell type beneath decidual stromal cells and foetal EVT in the decidua could be detected. (bioscientifica.com)
  • Cross-sectional validation of genes differentially portrayed in individual urinary sediment cells from type 1 diabetes (T1D) sufferers categorized as non-decliners or decliners (eGFR or 3.5 mL/min/1.73 m2 each year of follow-up, respectively). (tam-receptor.com)
  • 2003). More recently, array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analyses indicate that genomic loss at the Ptch1 locus was the fourth most commonly detected change among the tumor suppressor genes identified in the study, occurring in 19 percent of human breast cancers and 33 percent of breast cancer cell lines (Naylor et al. (bcm.edu)
  • Real-time RT-PCR was performed to examine mRNA levels of androgen-responsive genes in the epithelium and TGF-β1 cascade genes in the stroma. (healthweeks.com)
  • STARD12 co-expressed genes participated in cell cycle and DNA replication, and STARD14 were enriched in ECM-receptor interaction. (medsci.org)
  • however, Gper1 and PR levels are reduced in both stromal and epithelial cells in a time-specific manner. (springer.com)
  • The imatinib-sensitive GIST882 and imatinib-resistant GIST48 cell lines secrete high levels of big-IGF-II as demonstrated by ELISA and Western blotting analyses. (ru.nl)
  • NPY and reelin, two Peptone neurogenic markers, have been identified having higher mRNA levels in osteocytes than osteoblasts (Paic et al. (immunoglobulin-light-chain-variable-region-fragment.com)
  • Consequently, the increased cell numbers decreased the detectable BMP-2 levels in the medium, but increased cell-associated BMP-2. (omicsdi.org)
  • However, the discovery of RNAs outside the cells is more striking because of the assumption that high levels of RNAse in plasma and various body fluids will immediately destroy extracellular RNA (exRNA). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Given the levels of RNAse in extracellular spaces, RNA function is considered to be applicable only within the cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Pivotal studies by the group of Horwitz in children with osteogenesis imperfecta, an inherited enzyme deficiency of collagen synthesis by mesenchymal cells in bone, opened the field for intravenous use of MSCs. (stemcellslab.net)
  • The primary purpose of this article is to highlight the pathogenesis of noninfectious stromal ulceration. (medscape.com)
  • Epithelial cells adjacent to the area of the defect flatten, lose their hemidesmosome attachments, and migrate on transient focal contact zones that are formed between cytoplasmic actin filaments and extracellular matrix proteins. (medscape.com)
  • To determine whether dysregulation of TGFβ/Klf11/Cyp3a signaling affected endometriotic progression, we treated wild-type control and Klf11-/- mice with a Tgfβ type 1 receptor inhibitor (TGFβR1I) that inhibits Tgfβ signaling upstream of the canonical Smad proteins or a combination of TGFβR1I and a histone acetyltransferase inhibitor that additionally inhibits Klf11 signaling. (endometriosi.it)
  • We further revealed the presence of both proteins in both cell lines by immunofluorescence (Fig. 5). (immunoglobulin-light-chain-variable-region-fragment.com)
  • During vesiculation, bioactive lipids and receptors re- main associated with vesicle membranes, and cytosolic proteins and nucleic acids are contained within the vesicles [11]. (unicyte.ch)
  • related to other transmembrane receptors. (who.int)
  • Basal and limbal stem cells contribute to mitosis. (medscape.com)
  • A deficiency of limbal stem cells, from either disease (eg, aniridia) or trauma (eg, chemical burn), can preclude adequate epithelial wound healing. (medscape.com)
  • The exact origin of neural stem cells in the adult neurogenesis niche remains unknown. (biosciencetrends.com)
  • Hematopoiesis is the development of immune and other blood cells from a small population of stem cells known as hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). (brainimmune.com)
  • HSCs are pluripotent, self-renewing stem cells of the marrow cavity. (brainimmune.com)
  • Insights into the biology of stem cells will be gained by confirmation and characterization of candidate MaSC markers identified in this study. (frontiersin.org)
  • This dictates cycles of mammary growth, differentiation, lactation, and regression, during which mammary stem cells (MaSC) provide for the lineages of luminal and basal (myoepithelial) epithelial cells in the ducts and alveoli. (frontiersin.org)
  • Retention of labeled DNA strands may be attributed to the ability of stem cells to retain the parental DNA strand during asymmetric cell division ( Cairns, 1975 ) or to quiescence of the stem cell population such that the DNA label is not diluted by frequent cell divisions ( Klein and Simons, 2011 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • In particular, stem cells are highly sensitive to extracellular signals that play a critical role in mainten- ance of stem cell characteristics, differentiation, and interplay with somatic cells. (unicyte.ch)
  • Herein, we identified that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C, a potent lymphangiogenic factor, is up-regulated in endometriotic cells and contributes to increased lymphangiogenesis. (endometriosistreatmentreport.com)
  • Bioinformatic analysis and molecular biological characterization revealed that VEGF-C is negatively regulated by an orphan nuclear receptor, chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II (COUP-TFII). (endometriosistreatmentreport.com)
  • Autotransplanted mouse model of endometriosis showed lenvatinib treatment abrogated the increased lymphatic vessels development in the endometriotic lesion, enlarged retroperitoneal lymph nodes, and immune cells infiltration, indicating that blocking VEGF-C signaling can reduce local chronic inflammation and concomitantly endometriosis development. (endometriosistreatmentreport.com)
  • VEGF was also shown to protect HN33 cells, an immortalized hippocampal neuronal cell line, from hypoxia and glucose deprivation, suggesting that its neuroprotective effects are due to the stimulation of VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), which was led by the phosphorylation of the receptor (Jin et al. (immunoglobulin-light-chain-variable-region-fragment.com)
  • 2000). In addition, VEGF from astrocytes enhanced cell survival signaling in neurons through the activation of VEGFR2 after oxygen and glucose deprivation (Zhang et al. (immunoglobulin-light-chain-variable-region-fragment.com)
  • Analyses altered by sex, diabetes length of time, body mass index, usage of angiotensin changing enzyme angiotensin or inhibitors receptor blocker, HbA1c, urinary albumin excretion, and creatinine at the proper period of the urine collection. (tam-receptor.com)
  • Toxicity and functional assays were also performed on murine macrophage (RAW 264.7) and endothelial cell lines (C166) with and without pharmacological inhibitors. (cdc.gov)
  • In the 1970s, Friedenstein and colleagues [1] first reported that locally applied culture-expanded populations of bone marrow stroma-derived fibroblastic cells remained at their injection sites under the kidney capsule, where an ectopic hematopoiesis was initiated. (stemcellslab.net)
  • Based on the initial proof-of-concept success, Hoth intends to initially target mast cell neoplasms for development of HT-KIT, which is a rare, aggressive cancer with poor prognosis. (reachmd.com)
  • This receptor is restricted to the surfaces of myeloid lineage cells and the receptor-substrate interaction may function as a myeloid downregulatory signal. (antibodies-online.com)
  • Similarly, reprogramming of somatic cells involves a complex interaction among intracellular and extracellular signals leading to epigenetic remodeling [6]. (unicyte.ch)
  • Endometriosis, a chronic disease of heterogeneous etiopathology affects 10% of young women and is characterized by ectopic implantation of endometrial cells. (endometriosi.it)
  • Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II acts as an autocrine factor in several tumor types by binding to IGF receptor type 1 (IGF-1R) and/or the insulin receptor (IR) isoform A. The aim of the present study was to investigate the putative role of unprocessed pro-IGF-II, called 'big'-IGF-II, in GISTs. (ru.nl)
  • Growth factors may act either in an autocrine or a paracrine fashion and their temporal and spatial concentration modulates the cell phenotype and function. (unicyte.ch)
  • The types of exRNA that have been found are as follows: microRNA (miRNA, miR), small interfering RNA (siRNA), messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), piwi-interacting RNA (piRNAs) and small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, exosomal miRNA-130a was transferred from CAFs to recipient NSCLC cells and knockdown of miRNA-130a reversed the effect of CAFs-derived exosomes during chemoresistance of NSCLC cells. (dovepress.com)
  • Taken together, these results suggest that CAFs-derived exosomes confer cisplatin resistance of NSCLC cells through transferring miRNA-130a and that PUM2 is a critical factor for packaging miRNA-130a into exosomes. (dovepress.com)
  • A persistent epithelial defect allows the corneal stroma to be exposed to the external environment and permits the process of stromal degradation. (medscape.com)