The 3a protein was found to induce serinephosphorylation within the IFN alpha-receptor subunit 1 (IFNAR1) degradation motif and to increase IFNAR1 ubiquitination. (nih.gov)
This compound stimulates insulin receptor tyrosine kinase (IRTK) activity in CHO cells that overexpress human insulin receptors by binding to the β-subunit of the insulin receptor ( 1 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
Epidermal growth f1
Small interfering RNAs suppress the expression of endogenous and GFP-fused epidermal growth factor receptor (erbB1) and induce apoptosis in erbB1-overexpressing cells. (mpg.de)
EIF22
Structure of the delta dII IRES eIF2-containing 48S initiation complex, closed conformation. (expasy.org)
Activated Benefit phosphorylates and inhibits eukaryotic initiation aspect 2 (eIF2) resulting in global translational attenuation. (cgp60474.com)
PERK4
Since ER stress can cause differential modulation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), which includes the inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE-1), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) and PKR-like ER kinase (PERK) pathways, these were individually tested in 3a-expressing cells. (nih.gov)
Only the PERK pathway was found to be activated in 3a-expressing cells based on (1) increased phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2alpha) and inhibitory effects of a dominant-negative form of eIF2alpha on GRP78 promoter activity, (2) increased translation of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) mRNA, and (3) ATF4-dependent activation of the C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) gene promoter. (nih.gov)
Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression were measured, as well as ER stress markers, including glucose-regulated protein78 (GRP78), protein kinase-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) phosphorylation, eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha(eIF-2 alpha) phosphorylation, and CCAAT enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP). (cheric.org)
Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) are proteins or protein domains involved in the activation of small GTPases. (wikipedia.org)
L-783,281-induced activation of IRTK stimulates downstream signaling proteins, including insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), Akt, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K). L-783,281 also induces glucose uptake in a dose-dependent manner from rat primary adipocytes and soleus muscle tissue from lean mice. (diabetesjournals.org)
Cell proteins were analysed with 2-dimensional electrophoresis and differentially expressed proteins were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. (who.int)
Image analysis of the matched maps identified 7 proteins that were either over- or down-expressed: activated protein kinase c receptor (LACK), alpha tubulin (×2), prostaglandin f2-alpha synthase, protein disulfide isomerase, vesicular transport protein and a hypothetical protein. (who.int)
Our preliminary study using 2D isolates were recovered from liq- new cases throughout the world cu- gel electrophoresis in drug sensitive/ uid nitrogen, and sub-cultured in taneous leishmaniasis (CL) remains resistant strains of L. tropica showed RPMI1640 medium (Gibco/BRL) a serious public health problem in that some proteins were differentially supplemented with 10% fetal bovine numerous countries [1,2]. (who.int)
Phosphorylation1
11. Antion MD, Hou L, Wong H, Hoeffer CA, Klann E (2008) mGluR-dependent long-term depression is associated with increased phosphorylation of S6 and synthesis of elongation factor 1A but remains expressed in S6K-deficient mice. (concordia.ca)
Chimeric antigen receptor2
Herein we used a single bicistronic lentiviral vector to develop a new combination immunotherapy that consists of human anti-carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX)-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells engineered to secrete human anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies at the tumor site. (oncotarget.com)
Owing to the expression of GPC3 in LUSC tissues, it has been tested as an immunotherapeutic (including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)- GPC3 T cells), and clinical trials targeting GPC3 are ongoing. (biolifesas.org)
EIF4E2
3 In that clinical trial, some clinical responses associated with the reduction of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) levels were seen. (haematologica.org)
The Translation Initiating Factor eIF4E and Arginine Methylation Underlie G3BP1 Function in Dendritic Spine Development of Neurons. (antibodiesinc.com)
PTPRC/CD45: Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type C, CD45 antigen. (ox.ac.uk)
BST2 bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 (Tetherin): Candida albicans enhanced the production of the CCR5-interacting chemokines CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5, and stimulates the production of interferon-a and the restriction factors APOBEC3G, APOBEC3F, and tetherin (BST2) in macrophages Rodriguez et al, 2013 . (polygenicpathways.co.uk)
Translation2
Molecular architecture of 40S translation initiation complexes on the hepatitis C virus IRES. (expasy.org)
PKA in turn activates the mTOR pathway, which promotes the translation of mRNA into protein by activating key regulators of protein synthesis such as ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K) and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein (4E-BP1). (cariatidegioielli.com)
Specificity1
Owing to the all-NIR advantage (λex = 808 nm, λem = 1064 nm), this highly efficient NIR-II FRET platform exhibits extraordinary anti-interference in whole blood, and thus enabling background-free homogeneous detection of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies in clinical whole blood sample with high sensitivity (limit of detection = 0.5 µg/mL) and specificity. (bvsalud.org)
Transcription4
This spliced form of XBP1 then translates into a transcription factor, which further translocates into the nucleus where it induces expression of a wide variety of genes including ER-associated chaperones and protein folding enzymes to increase ER size and folding capacity. (distantreader.org)
This latter finding is likely to preclude the existence of cryptic transcription factor binding site(s) in the 5'-untranslated region of p27 gene. (biomedcentral.com)
MiR-155 also upregulates Mxd1/Mad1, a network of basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper transcription factors which mediate cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, through regulating BCL6. (biomedcentral.com)
Endothelin1
endothelin receptor type B [Source:HGNC S. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Regulation2
9. Banko JL, Hou L, Poulin F, Sonenberg N, Klann E (2006) Regulation of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E by converging signaling pathways during metabotropic glutamate receptor-dependent long-term depression. (concordia.ca)
Trastuzumab insensitivity despite HER-2 receptor down-regulation and internalization in a novel cell line established from a Herceptinresistant breast cancer patient. (mpg.de)
Gamma2
Fc gamma receptor IIIa [Source:HGNC Symbo. (gsea-msigdb.org)
In higher eukaryotes the factor consists of three subunits: alpha, beta, and gamma. (uams.edu)
Bone1
Researchers demonstrated that ENT1 removal from the cell surface was induced by bone marrow stroma cell-secreted factors, and this contributed to cytarabine resistance in AML cells. (haematologica.org)
Neuropeptide1
neuropeptide Y receptor Y5 [Source:HGNC S. (gsea-msigdb.org)
MRNA2
APOBEC3F apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3F: Candida albicans enhanced the production of the CCR5-interacting chemokines CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5, and stimulates the production of interferon-a and the restriction factors APOBEC3G, APOBEC3F, and tetherin (BST2) in macrophages Rodriguez et al, 2013 . (polygenicpathways.co.uk)
An essential E box in the promoter of the gene encoding the mRNA cap-binding protein (eukaryotic initiation factor 4E) is a target for activation by c-myc. (idrblab.net)
MTOR2
In addition to activating the mTOR pathway, clenbuterol has also been shown to increase the expression of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), both of which play important roles in muscle growth and recovery. (cariatidegioielli.com)
b) 4-Hydroxytamoxifen (but not tamoxifen), genistein (but not genistin), daidzein, and probably other nutritional and chemopreventive anti-cancer agents could up-regulate expression of p27 via receptor protein tyrosine kinases (RPTKs), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), phosphoinosite-dependent kinase (PDK), Akt/PKB and mTOR. (biomedcentral.com)
Gene2
Panel A shows the two areas of comparing gene expression results with QTL results: 1) co-location at the genome level between differentially expressed genes and QTL, 2) significant overlap at the pathway level between genes in the QTL region and differentially expressed genes elsewhere in the genome. (biomedcentral.com)
They are important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression in plants, metazoans, and mammals, and are predicted to control the activity of 30% of all protein-coding genes [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Insulin3
L-783,281 is a recently isolated fungal metabolite that has insulin mimetic properties ( 1 , 2 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
This manuscript discusses some important biomarkers, such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1), liver-type FABP (L-FABP), proenkephalin (Penkid), metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2), insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) and Dickkopf-3 (DDK3). (biolifesas.org)
Obese and diabetic topics have raised plasma degrees of nonesterified essential fatty acids (NEFAs) and hyperglycemia, that are believed to trigger reduced insulin synthesis and impaired blood sugar responsiveness in pancreatic -cells, termed glucolipotoxicity [2] also, [3]. (cgp60474.com)
Ligand1
Ligand-induced internalization of the p75 neurotrophin receptor: a slow route to the signaling endosome. (mpg.de)
Induce1
The introduction of vismodegib, which targets glioma-associated protein 1 (GLI1) through the Smoothened receptor (Smo), was based on the novel discovery by this group that UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1 A (UGT1A) and GLI1 have increased expression in resistant AML cells and induce glucuronidation of ribavirin and cytarabine. (haematologica.org)
Clinical1
based on a number of pathologic, physiologic, and clinical factors. (msdmanuals.com)
Fungi1
ALOX5 arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase: macrophages infected with Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus or Aspergillus fumigatus or treated with Curdlan, a selective agonist of pattern recognition receptor for fungi Dectin-1, displays increased expression of ALOX5, ALOX15 and PTGS2 Karnam et al, 2015 . (polygenicpathways.co.uk)
Beta2
Clenbuterol, a beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist, has been shown to have a powerful stimulating effect on muscle protein synthesis, resulting in increased muscle mass and strength. (cariatidegioielli.com)
When clenbuterol binds to the beta-2 adrenergic receptor, it causes an increase in cAMP levels, leading to the activation of protein kinase A (PKA). (cariatidegioielli.com)
Activates1
However, if the stress on the ER is chronic or severe and quality control of protein folding cannot be met, ER activates its stress receptor, the unfolded protein response, which triggers programmed cell death [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Type5
SARS-CoV-2 infects alveolar epithelial cells [mainly alveolar epithelial type 2 (AEC2) cells] through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. (kegg.jp)
Upon the occupancy of ACE2 by SARS-CoV-2, the increased serum level of free Angiotensin II (Ang II) due to a reduction of ACE2-mediated degradation promotes activation of the NF-kappa B pathway via Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R), followed by interleukin-6 (IL-6) production. (kegg.jp)
Introduction The occurrence of weight problems and Type 2 diabetes is certainly increasing worldwide because of inactive lifestyle and surplus caloric intake, specifically fats and basic sugars [1]. (cgp60474.com)
Detection of elevated ER tension marker appearance including ATF3, Bip and CHOP in mouse islets subjected to raised lipids and high blood sugar and in -cells of type 2 diabetics supports the participation of ER tension in the pathogenesis of Type 2 diabetes [12]C[14]. (cgp60474.com)
BT-474 cells, obtained expression of the receptor has important implications for their biology from American Type Culture Collection, were maintained in RPMI 1640 and therapy (1). (lu.se)
Coagulation4
coagulation factor II, thrombin [Source:H. (gsea-msigdb.org)
coagulation factor III, tissue factor [So. (gsea-msigdb.org)
coagulation factor VIII [Source:HGNC Symb. (gsea-msigdb.org)
coagulation factor XII [Source:HGNC Symbo. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Genes1
Cox regression analysis identifies independent prognostic factors for these patients, and enrichment analysis of prognosis-related genes was also performed. (biomedcentral.com)
Alpha3
L'analyse d'image des cartes appariées a permis d'identifier sept protéines qui étaient soit surexprimées, soit sous-exprimées : le récepteur de la protéine kinase C activée, la tubuline alpha (×2), la prostaglandine F2-alpha synthase, la protéine disulfide isomérase, une protéine du transport vésiculaire et une protéine hypothétique. (who.int)
This list contains substances that have been identified at National Priorities List (NPL) sites and determined to pose a human health risk based on (1) known or suspected human toxicity, (2) frequency of occurrence at NPL sites or other facilities, and (3) the potential for human exposure to the substance. (cdc.gov)