• It acts as a partial agonist at serotonin 5-HT1A and dopamine D2 receptors, and as an antagonist at serotonin 5-HT2A and noradrenaline α1B/α2C receptors. (lundbeck.com)
  • Nalbuphine hydrochloride is a synthetic opioid agonist-antagonist analgesic of the phenanthrene series. (nih.gov)
  • Nalbuphine is an agonist at kappa opioid receptors and an antagonist at mµ opioid receptors. (nih.gov)
  • Oxymetazoline is an example of a non-selective α-adrenergic receptor agonist. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • Isoproterenol (Isuprel, Isoprenaline) is a classical nonselective β-adrenergic agonist, with prominent actions at β 1 and β 2 receptors. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • To explore if the strength of MMN generation reflects the functional condition of the NMDAR system in healthy volunteers, we analyzed correlations between MMN recorded before drug administration and subsequent responses to the NMDAR antagonist ketamine or the 5-HT2a agonist psilocybin. (neurotransmitter.net)
  • Zingerone is a vanilloid receptor agonist that prompts the release of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine. (allstarhealth.com)
  • In the striatum, the dopamine D1 receptor agonist SKF38393 and the dopamine D1 receptor antagonist SCH23390 were without effect. (aspetjournals.org)
  • In the nucleus accumbens, the agonist SKF38393 increased the DAT half-life, whereas the antagonist SCH23390 decreased the half-life. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Muscle strips were collected, mucosa-denuded, and mounted in muscle baths before incubation with neurotransmitter antagonists, and contractions to the nicotinic receptor agonist epibatidine were determined. (jefferson.edu)
  • Despite considerable selectivity of agonist activity, related to drug structure and sites of action at this receptor, antagonists did not show selection. (royalsociety.org)
  • Fig. 5: OPC Ca 2+ transients evoked by the α 1 adrenergic receptor agonist are independent of synaptic activity in vitro. (nature.com)
  • potential mechanisms include increased synaptic availability of GABA and accumulation of natural benzodiazepine receptor ligands with agonist properties. (bvsalud.org)
  • Our Dopamine receptors review gives an overview of the dopamine receptor subtypes, and the receptor agonists and antagonists used to study them. (tocris.com)
  • DAYVIGO is a dual orexin receptor antagonist that inhibits orexin neurotransmission regulating sleep-wake rhythm by binding competitively to the two subtypes of orexin receptors (OX1R and OX2R). (eisai.com)
  • Phenoxybenzamine (PB) has been used to probe α-adrenergic receptor subtypes. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • Yet, in all groups, epibatidine-induced strip contractions were similarly inhibited by mecamylamine and hexamethonium (ganglionic nicotinic receptor antagonists), SR 16584 (α3β4 neuronal nicotinic receptor antagonist), atracurium and tubocurarine (neuromuscular nicotinic receptor antagonists), and atropine (muscarinic receptor antagonist), indicating that nicotinic receptors (particularly α3β4 subtypes), neuromuscular and muscarinic receptors play roles in bladder contractility. (jefferson.edu)
  • In the central nervous system it revealed the existence of at least three subtypes of the receptor with differences in distribution in various areas of the brain. (royalsociety.org)
  • Each ligand may interact with multiple receptor subtypes. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The standard antiemetic regimen currently recommended for prevention of chemotherapy-induced emesis includes a serotonin (5-HT3) antagonist and a corticosteroid. (brad.ac.uk)
  • Serotonin mediates the early vomiting process that occurs within 8¿12 h following cisplatin-based chemotherapy, after which time substance P acting at NK1 receptors becomes the dominant mediator of vomiting. (brad.ac.uk)
  • Emission of AMPH-induced 50-kHz USV depends on test context, such as the presence of conspecifics, and can be manipulated pharmacologically by targeting major neurotransmitter systems, including dopamine (DA), noradrenaline (NA), and serotonin (5-HT), but also protein kinase C (PKC) signaling. (nih.gov)
  • The serotonin, dopamine, and noradrenaline neurotransmitter systems may be implicated in behavioral symptoms of dementia, including agitation. (lundbeck.com)
  • Still the most widely prescribed antidepressants in the world, SSRIs are thought to influence mood by increasing levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain's synapses. (the-scientist.com)
  • A search in the PubMed database shows that throughout the 1960s research on this new transmitter lagged behind that given to the other classical neurotransmitters, noradrenaline, serotonin and acetylcholine. (lu.se)
  • The major antiparkinson drugs are levodopa , dopamine - receptor agonists, amantadine , and the so-called COMT (catechol- O -methyltransferase) inhibitors, MAO-B (monoamine oxidase B) inhibitors, and muscarinic receptor antagonists . (britannica.com)
  • Concerted D1 and D2 dopamine receptor stimulation may play an important role in motor control of Parkinson's disease patients. (lundbeck.com)
  • Utilizing a technique for measuring the kinetics (synthesis, degradation, and half-life) of the dopamine transporter (DAT) protein in the rat striatum and nucleus accumbens, we have investigated the effects of systemic administration of dopamine receptor agonists and antagonists upon DAT kinetics in these brain regions. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Somatostatin receptor antagonists (or somatostatin inhibitors) are a class of chemical compounds that work by imitating the structure of the neuropeptide somatostatin. (wikipedia.org)
  • There are also some non-radiopharmaceutical compounds that are developed as competitive inhibitors of somatostatin, such as the hormone antagonist cyclosomatostatin. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mismatch negativity predicts psychotic experiences induced by NMDA receptor antagonist in healthy volunteers. (neurotransmitter.net)
  • BACKGROUND: Previous studies indicate that mismatch negativity (MMN)-a preattentive auditory event-related potential (ERP)-depends on NMDA receptor (NMDAR) functioning. (neurotransmitter.net)
  • Previously the NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor (NMDAR) antagonist ketamine was shown to disrupt generation of the auditory event-related potential (ERP) mismatch negativity (MMN) and the performance of an 'AX'-type continuous performance test (AX-CPT)--measures of auditory and visual context-dependent information processing--in a similar manner as observed in schizophrenia. (neurotransmitter.net)
  • Proximal cortical feedback inputs can relieve the tonic Mg block of NMDA receptors (NMDARs) at distal synapses and gate dendrodendritic inhibition onto mitral cells. (jneurosci.org)
  • Tetanic stimulation of axons in the granule cell layer (GCL) not only activates granule cells but also relieves the Mg blockade of NMDA receptors at distal dendrodendritic synapses ( Halabisky and Strowbridge, 2003 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • NMDA receptor blockage protects against permanent noise -induced hearing loss but not its potentiation by carbon monoxide. (cdc.gov)
  • While a clear role has been proposed for glutamate as a putative neurotransmitter at the inner hair cell type I spiral ganglion cell synapse, the possible role of excessive glutamate release in cochlear impairment and of NMDA receptors in such a process is uncertain. (cdc.gov)
  • The present study compares the protective effects of (+)-MK-801, an NMDA receptor antagonist, and the relatively inactive isomer (-)-MK-801 against permanent noise -induced hearing loss (NIHL). (cdc.gov)
  • The data suggest that NMDA receptor stimulation may play a role in NIHL resulting from fairly mild noise exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • Discovered and developed by Eisai, Fycompa is a highly selective, non-competitive AMPA-type glutamate receptor antagonist. (eisai.com)
  • The ability to regulate release of noradrenaline, dopamine and GABA is one of the most important roles of the nicotinic receptors. (helsinki.fi)
  • The release of neurotransmitters following stimulation of nicotinic receptors is addressed in the thesis, with focus on dopamine and noradrenaline. (helsinki.fi)
  • The primary focus in the thesis, was the characterization of [3H]dopamine release following stimulation of nicotinic receptors with varenicline and acetylcholine, using synaptosomes from mouse striatum. (helsinki.fi)
  • His particular concern was with the nature of drug-receptor interactions at the acetylcholine receptor, important in the central nervous system and in the control of muscle and secretion. (royalsociety.org)
  • One of his detailed studies concerned the M-type receptor for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. (royalsociety.org)
  • Botulinum toxin, which blocks transmission at the neuromuscular junction but not by action on the post-synaptic receptor was shown to act at a presynaptic site that irreversibly prevented the release of acetylcholine. (royalsociety.org)
  • Acetylcholine What is the most widespread neurotransmitter in the nervous system? (flashnews.net)
  • These target and activate the GABA receptors in the brain, which promote sleepiness, she says. (sleepreviewmag.com)
  • To investigate the relationship between intraocular pressure (IOP) and GABA receptors within the arcuate nucleus (ARC). (molvis.org)
  • To assess the expression of GABA-A/B receptors within the ARC under persistent high IOP, we performed immunofluorescence (IF) and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining at 2 weeks and 4 weeks. (molvis.org)
  • Furthermore, we treated the ARC with GABA-A/B receptor antagonists separately, and IOP was evaluated, as well as retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in the chronic high IOP rat model. (molvis.org)
  • In the following induced high IOP animal model, the expression of GABA-A/B receptors within the ARC was evaluated in DBA/2J mice which developed progressive eye abnormalities spontaneously that closely mimic human hereditary glaucoma. (molvis.org)
  • GABA-A/B receptors in the ARC may be involved in regulation of IOP, and pathologically high IOP affects the expression of GABA-A/B receptors in the ARC. (molvis.org)
  • There are two types of GABA receptors. (molvis.org)
  • They work by increasing the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, which has a relaxing, sedative effect. (psychcentral.com)
  • DAYVIGO binds to orexin receptors OX1R and OX2R and acts as a competitive antagonist with stronger inhibition effect on OX2R, which suppresses both REM and non-REM sleep drive, such that DAYVIGO may provide faster sleep onset and better sleep maintenance to patients. (eisai.com)
  • DAYVIGO is Eisai's in-house discovered and developed small molecule that binds to orexin receptors, OX1R and OX2R, and acts as a competitive antagonist (IC 50 values of 6.1 nM and 2.6 nM, respectively). (eisai.com)
  • Research using receptor specific antagonists have provided information regarding the stoichiometry of nicotinic receptor in different regions of the brain. (helsinki.fi)
  • As an AMPA receptor antagonist, Fycompa reduces neuronal hyperexcitation associated with seizures by targeting glutamate activity at post-synaptic AMPA receptors. (eisai.com)
  • Enhancing the actions of 2-AG on CB1 and CB2 receptors may restore altered neuronal transmission and decrease neuroinflammation and thereby it may produce beneficial effects across a range of symptoms and related indications including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), focal epilepsy, and spasticity in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). (lundbeck.com)
  • Phenylephrine and methoxamine are examples of drugs that selectively activate α 1 -adrenergic receptors (adrenomimetic). (pharmacology2000.com)
  • Whereas the above two example drugs show α-adrenergic receptor selectivity (α 1 vs. α 2 ), oxymetazoline activates both α 1 and α 2 adrenergic receptors. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • Dobutamine is an example of a drug that selectively stimulates the heart via β 1 receptors, although dobutamine also has activity at α adrenergic receptors as well. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • that is, of the 182 amino acids defining the TM domains of the human α 2A -adrenergic receptors, about 40% are identical with the human β 2 -adrenergic receptors. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • Conditional knockout of α1A adrenergic receptors in OPCs suppresses spontaneous and locomotion-induced Ca 2+ increases and reduces OPC proliferation. (nature.com)
  • The newest class of sleeping pills, orexin receptor antagonists inhibit orexin, a neurotransmitter in the brain that promotes wakefulness. (sleepreviewmag.com)
  • Eisai Co., Ltd. (Headquarters: Tokyo, CEO: Haruo Naito, "Eisai") announced today that its Hong Kong subsidiary Eisai (Hong Kong) Co., Ltd. has obtained approval for the in-house-discovered and developed orexin receptor antagonist DAYVIGO ® (generic name: lemborexant) for the treatment of adults with insomnia, characterized by difficulties with sleep onset and/or sleep maintenance. (eisai.com)
  • Higher affinity and faster on/off receptor kinetics of DAYVIGO to orexin receptor 2, which also suppresses non-REM sleep, indicates its potential to facilitate non-sedative onset and maintenance of sleep. (eisai.com)
  • Eisai Co., Ltd. (Headquarters: Tokyo, President & CEO: Haruo Naito, "Eisai") announced today its U.K. subsidiary Eisai Europe Limited has received approval from the European Commission (EC) to market the AMPA receptor antagonist Fycompa® (perampanel) as an adjunctive treatment of partial-onset seizures, with or without secondarily generalized seizures, in people with epilepsy aged 12 years and older. (eisai.com)
  • Most excitatory synapses we examined onto granule cells activated both NMDARs and AMPA receptors, whereas a subpopulation appeared to be NMDAR silent. (jneurosci.org)
  • The 2010 Cochrane review on opioid antagonists for alcohol dependence included 50 studies with 7793 participants. (medscape.com)
  • For injectable formulations of naltrexone, which can be advantageous for patients who have problems with taking their medication on schedule, and for the second opioid antagonist (nalmefene), the evidence was too limited to allow final conclusions. (medscape.com)
  • It is chemically related to both the widely used opioid antagonist, naloxone, and the potent opioid analgesic, oxymorphone. (nih.gov)
  • The opioid antagonist activity of nalbuphine hydrochloride is one-fourth as potent as nalorphine and 10 times that of pentazocine. (nih.gov)
  • Nalbuphine hydrochloride by itself has potent opioid antagonist activity at doses equal to or lower than its analgesic dose. (nih.gov)
  • After initial results of their increased sensitivity to neurocrine tumors appeared, ssrt2 selective antagonists that had even higher affinity were developed. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, these somatostatin receptor antagonists showed a higher tumor uptake despite its lower affinity for ssrt receptors, due to being able to bind a receptor despite its activation status. (wikipedia.org)
  • A study indicated the gallium compound had the lowest affinity to the sstr2 receptor. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ga-NODAGA-JR11 had entered further clinical studies as an imaging agent, while and Lu-DOTA-JR11 had similar research done as a therapeutic agent, as JR11 has a high binding affinity for ssrt2 subtype receptors which are highly expressed on the surface of tumor cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • A drug's ability to affect a given receptor is related to the drug's affinity (probability of the drug occupying a receptor at any given instant) and intrinsic efficacy (intrinsic activity-degree to which a ligand activates receptors and leads to cellular response). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Drugs, aging, genetic mutations, and disorders can increase (upregulate) or decrease (downregulate) the number and binding affinity of receptors. (msdmanuals.com)
  • 1991. Effects of polychlorinated biphenyls with Ah receptor affinity on lymphoid development in the thymus and the bursa of Fabricius on chick embryos in ovo and in mouse thymus anlagen in vitro . (cdc.gov)
  • The difference in the time course of emesis blockade observed with two different classes of receptor antagonists provides substantial evidence for involvement of separate pathophysiological mechanisms in chemotherapy-induced vomiting. (brad.ac.uk)
  • Shawn Thomas ( [email protected] ) is working to summarize the mechanisms of action of every drug approved by the FDA for a brain- related condition. (neurotransmitter.net)
  • However, the mechanisms that affect OPC activity in vivo and the physiological roles of neurotransmitter signaling in OPCs are unclear. (nature.com)
  • Pathophysiological concentrations of ammonia associated with HE, have the potential of enhancing GABAergic tone by mechanisms that involve its interactions with the GABAa receptor complex. (bvsalud.org)
  • Physiologic functions (eg, contraction, secretion) are usually regulated by multiple receptor-mediated mechanisms, and several steps (eg, receptor-coupling, multiple intracellular 2nd messenger substances) may be interposed between the initial molecular drug-receptor interaction and ultimate tissue or organ response. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Ability to bind to a receptor is influenced by external factors as well as by intracellular regulatory mechanisms. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Baseline receptor density and the efficiency of stimulus-response mechanisms vary from tissue to tissue. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Dopamine as an independent neurotransmitter in the nervous system was discovered in Lund by the pharmacologist Arvid Carlsson in 1957, working at the Department of Pharmacology at Sölvegatan 10 in Lund (the current Geocentrum building). (lu.se)
  • This dramatic increase coincides with the introduction of a range of new neurochemical and pharmacological tools for the study of dopamine neurons and their function in the brain, as well as the identification of the dopamine receptors, their pharmacology, and their role in mediating the antipsychotic action of neuroleptics [12,13]. (lu.se)
  • Neurotransmitter transporters play an important role in maintaining synaptic homeostasis and in the actions of many drugs. (aspetjournals.org)
  • These conserved regions appear to contain those structural elements needed for recognizing and binding various endogenous hormone/neurotransmitters (e.g. norepinephrine and epinephrine) as well as other ligands. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • As a radiopharmaceutical compound that is selective for somatostatin receptors, there is research being done to for these radiolabeled compounds to act as diagnostic tests in PET scans for neuroendocrine tumors and other tumors not previously targeted with radiolabeled somatostatin receptor agonists, and to act as radiopharmaceutical therapeutic compound, more specifically to conduct peptide radionuclide receptor therapy. (wikipedia.org)
  • this agent is a non-selective receptor blockers. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • An example of an 'irreversible' non-selective α-receptor blocker is phenoxybenzamine (Dibenzyline). (pharmacology2000.com)
  • Yohimbine is classified as a selective α 2 -adrenergic receptor antagonist. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • Supporting the involvement of the 5-HT system, AMPH-induced 50-kHz USV are attenuated by 5-HT2C receptor activation, whereas 5-HT2C receptor antagonism leads to the opposite effect. (nih.gov)
  • The mechanism of action of DAYVIGO in the treatment of insomnia is presumed to be through antagonism of orexin receptors. (eisai.com)
  • Tetraethylammonium provided the first evidence of non-competitive antagonism at this receptor and revealed a second site on the receptor that exerts allosteric modification of the main binding site. (royalsociety.org)
  • Somatostatin is a G protein-coupled receptor ligand. (wikipedia.org)
  • The α-adrenergic receptor is described by seven α-helical transmembrane (TM) domains which form a 'crevice' for ligand binding. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • Few if any drugs are absolutely specific for one receptor or subtype, but most have relative selectivity. (msdmanuals.com)
  • selectivity relates largely to physicochemical binding of the drug to cellular receptors. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Experts believe that pregabalin lowers anxiety by reducing the release of excitatory neurotransmitters , such as glutamate. (psychcentral.com)
  • The Ca 2+ transients occur independently of excitatory neuron activity, rapidly decline when OPCs differentiate and are inhibited by anesthesia, sedative agents or noradrenergic receptor antagonists. (nature.com)
  • Blocking the binding of wake-promoting neuropeptides orexin to receptors OX1R and OX2R is thought to suppress wake drive (Ki values of 8.1 nM and 0.48 nM, respectively). (eisai.com)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Smaller MMN indicates a NMDAR system that is more vulnerable to disruption by the NMDAR antagonist ketamine. (neurotransmitter.net)
  • Very little is known about the physiological role of nicotinic receptors in canine bladders, although functional nicotinic receptors have been reported in bladders of many species. (jefferson.edu)
  • At least 20 type of putative ionotropic glutamate receptor (iGluR)-like channels have been identified in Arabidopsis thaliana. (intechopen.com)
  • Overview of Pharmacodynamics Pharmacodynamics (sometimes described as what a drug does to the body) is the study of the biochemical, physiologic, and molecular effects of drugs on the body and involves receptor binding. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The tetrodotoxin inhibition of epibatidine-induced contractions in Decentralized and ObNT-Reinn suggests a relocation of nicotinic receptors from nerve terminals to more distant axonal sites, perhaps as a compensatory mechanism to recover bladder function. (jefferson.edu)
  • By analyzing specific amino acid mutations of the α 2A - receptor with respect to changes in PB binding, certain sites were identified that may serve as the molecular target for phenoxybenzamine-mediated receptor blockade. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • This cysteine (at position 117) appears important in the association of phenoxybenzamine with receptor with PB likely covalently coupled to this amino acid. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • Research using synaptosomes have provided valuable information regarding nicotinic receptors and their ability to regulate neurotransmitter release. (helsinki.fi)
  • Activated receptors directly or indirectly regulate cellular biochemical processes (eg, ion conductance, protein phosphorylation, DNA transcription, enzymatic activity). (msdmanuals.com)
  • The use of molecular kinetics and NMR to study fine details of receptor activity showed the presence of fast interconversion of different states of receptors, in for example, the important drug target enzymes, carbonic anhydrase and dihydrofolate reductase including the presence of short lived intermediate states. (royalsociety.org)
  • Levodopa is the precursor of the neurotransmitter dopamine, a marked decrease in which is the primary neuropathological feature of parkinsonism. (britannica.com)
  • Oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the central nervous system (CNS), are generated from oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) that express neurotransmitter receptors. (nature.com)
  • Since all reactions are, by definition, reversible, those reactions in which the inhibitor and receptor complex is so stable that dissociation is unlikely are described as 'irreversible. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • Radiolabelled irreversible antagonists enabled the visualisation of receptors at the cellular level in the central nervous system. (royalsociety.org)
  • A recent positron emission tomography study demonstrated that persons with alcoholism have increased opiate receptors in the nucleus accumbens of the brain and that the number of receptors correlates with craving. (medscape.com)
  • NA neurotransmission also regulates AMPH-induced 50-kHz USV emission given that α 1 receptor antagonists and α 2 receptor agonists exert attenuating effects. (nih.gov)
  • Different subtype receptor antagonists were later developed. (wikipedia.org)
  • Somatostatin receptor antagonists are divided by generation based on the type of the subtype receptor antagonist. (wikipedia.org)
  • JR11 was shown to be the most effective among these 3 antagonists, and compounds that entered further clinical development to act as a PET imaging agent or therapeutic agent carried this subtype antagonist. (wikipedia.org)
  • The presence of a chelator coupled to the subtype antagonist was shown to have an effect on the biologic properties. (wikipedia.org)
  • Reversible blockade suggests that the inhibitor dissociates from the receptor relatively easily. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • Naltrexone blocks opiate receptors and works by decreasing the craving for alcohol, resulting in fewer relapses. (medscape.com)
  • Instead of thinking only in terms of candidate drug molecules and receptors, "we try to think as much as we can at that level [of the whole communication network] to understand what are going to be the circuit-level consequences of our molecules. (the-scientist.com)
  • Continuous growth on antagonist also leads to impairment of root meristem size, which suggests that iGluR-like channels may play a role in meristem maintenance. (intechopen.com)
  • When the bladder becomes full, the stretch receptors of the detrusor muscle send a signal to the pons, which in turn notifies the brain. (medscape.com)
  • Release of neurotransmitters, mediated through nicotinic receptors, has been researched using various methods, including brain slices, microdialysis and synaptosomes. (helsinki.fi)
  • Inhibiting D1 and D2 receptors in the Nacc abolishes AMPH-induced 50-kHz USV, indicating a key role for this brain area. (nih.gov)
  • Written by Prof David Nutt, this poster summarizes the brain circuits and neurotransmitter systems that are affected by the main classes of addictive drugs. (tocris.com)
  • The discovery of dopamine as a neurotransmitter in the brain was one of the seminal events in the development of modern neuroscience. (lu.se)
  • Ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) are a group of proteins with a high degree of sequence homology. (intechopen.com)
  • However, in the first 24 h after cisplatin, emesis occurred in fewer patients who received the 5-HT3 antagonist than in patients who did not receive this class of drug. (brad.ac.uk)
  • The studies highlight the underlying complexity of drug action at receptors. (royalsociety.org)
  • The pharmacologic effect is also determined by the duration of time that the drug-receptor complex persists (residence time). (msdmanuals.com)
  • The lifetime of the drug-receptor complex is affected by dynamic processes (conformation changes) that control the rate of drug association and dissociation from the target. (msdmanuals.com)
  • When the receptors are activated, it causes the cells where the receptors are expressed to decrease hormone secretion. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, the dopamine D2 receptor agonists R -(−)-propylnorapomorphine hydrochloride (NPA) and quinpirole decreased the half-life of DAT. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Naylor, R.J., Aapro, M, Hesketh, P.J., Van Belle, S. (2003) Differential involvement of neurotransmitters through the time course of cisplatin-induced emesis as revealed by therapy with specific receptor antagonists. (brad.ac.uk)
  • The involvement of other receptors could not be ruled out, but based on these results and results from previous studies, the involvement of other nicotinic receptors is supposedly low. (helsinki.fi)
  • Activation of this receptor type centrally reduces sympathetic outflow, which is the proposed mechanism that accounts for antihypertensive actions noted following clonidine administration. (pharmacology2000.com)
  • Epileptic seizures are primarily mediated by the neurotransmitter glutamate. (eisai.com)
  • naltrexone acts primarily on mu receptors. (medscape.com)
  • The various neurotransmitters and may modu- controls were recruited from the outpatient late their effects [10,11]. (who.int)
  • 1994. Ah receptor in embryonic mouse palate and effects of TCDD on receptor expression. (cdc.gov)