• Anti-cardiolipin antibodies (ACA) are antibodies often directed against cardiolipin and found in several diseases, including syphilis, antiphospholipid syndrome, livedoid vasculitis, vertebrobasilar insufficiency, Behçet's syndrome, idiopathic spontaneous abortion, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). (wikipedia.org)
  • This is in contrast to rheumatoid arthritis with systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) because anti-cardiolipin antibodies are present in both conditions, and therefore may tie the two conditions together. (wikipedia.org)
  • Anti-cardiolipin antibodies can be classified in two ways: As IgM, IgG or IgA As β2-glycoprotein dependent or independent In autoimmune disease, ACA are beta-2 glycoprotein dependent In syphilis, ACA are beta-2 glycoprotein independent and can be assayed using the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test β2-glycoprotein I has been identified as apolipoprotein H and is required for the recognition of ACA in autoimmune disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Only a subset of autoimmune anti-cardiolipin antibodies bind Apo-H, these anti-apolipoprotein antibodies are associated with increased thrombosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • As expected, anti-cardiolipin reactivity associated with autoimmune disease was beta 2GPI dependent. (jci.org)
  • The product Assay kit for Guinea pig anti-cardiolipin antibody IgG,ACA-IgG (ELISA) should be kept between two and eight degrees Celsius to ensure the retention of the stability and reactivity of the reagents included in the kit. (igganti.com)
  • The product Assay kit for Guinea pig anti-cardiolipin antibody IgG,ACA-IgG (ELISA) is intended to be used for research purposes only. (igganti.com)
  • Beyond the immediate health implications, recent studies, including Dr. Kharazian's research, have raised concerns about the cross-reactivity of the spike protein with beta 2 glycoprotein and anti-cardiolipin antibodies. (holisticcharlotte.com)
  • REAADS Anti-Cardiolipin (aCL) IgA is an ELISA for the determination of IgA anti-cardiolipin antibodies in human serum or plasma in individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus-like disorders (anti-phospholipid syndrome). (diapharma.com)
  • The detection of anti-β2GPI and anti-cardiolipin antibodies for the diagnosis of the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is mainly done by quantitative endpoint assays. (synapseresearchinstitute.com)
  • What is the clinical significance when samples test positive for the anti-cardiolipin antibodies and are negative for anti-b2GPI? (diapharma.com)
  • Summarize the IgG/IgM and IgA REAADS anti-cardiolipin test. (diapharma.com)
  • APOH is also more specific than anti-cardiolipin antibodies and its presence correlates better with thrombotic risk. (assaygenie.com)
  • These tests are used to detect immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies against a cardiolipin-lecithin-cholesterol antigen, which are formed indirectly during infection with T pallidum. (medscape.com)
  • We sought to determine whether immune reactivity occurs between anti-SARS-CoV-2 protein antibodies and human tissue antigens, and whether molecular mimicry between COVID-19 viral proteins and human tissues could be the cause. (frontiersin.org)
  • This extensive immune cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and different antigen groups may play a role in the multi-system disease process of COVID-19, influence the severity of the disease, precipitate the onset of autoimmunity in susceptible subgroups, and potentially exacerbate autoimmunity in subjects that have pre-existing autoimmune diseases. (frontiersin.org)
  • In this mechanism, antibodies formed against SARS-CoV-2 would also bind to human tissue proteins leading to autoimmune reactivity. (frontiersin.org)
  • While hypergammaglobulinemia, rheumatoid factor (RF) and elevated Clq binding were significantly more frequent among the anti-Ro positive group there was no increase in the frequency of anti-dsDNA antibody measured by the Farr assay or antibodies to ssDNA, dsDNA, poly dG ̇ poly dC, poly (dA-dT) and cardiolipin measured by ELISA. (uwo.ca)
  • Human cardiolipin screen ELISA kit is a procedure for screening in vitro quantitative concentrations of IgG, IgM and IgA auto-antibodies to screen cardiolipin (cardiolipin-IgG, cardiolipin-IgM, cardiolipin-IgA) in human serum and plasma. (elisakits.co.uk)
  • The minimum detection sensitivity level of IgG, IgA or IgM antibodies to screen cardiolipin (cardiolipin-IgG, cardiolipin-IgA, cardiolipin-IgM) using current cardiolipin ELISA kit was 1.0 U/ml. (elisakits.co.uk)
  • The ANCA assay (INOVA) detects the presence of IgG antibodies that bind to human neutrophil antigens using direct immunofluorescence.¹,² Screening all samples with ethanol fixed slides allows ANCA reactivity to be separated into two diagnostically useful categories. (nemours.org)
  • Diluted serum samples, calibrator sera, and controls are incubated in cardiolipin coated microwells, allowing aCL antibodies present in the samples to react with the immobilized antigen. (diapharma.com)
  • After the removal of unbound serum proteins by washing, antibodies specific for human IgA labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) are added forming complexes with the cardiolipin bound antibodies. (diapharma.com)
  • Cardiolipin antibodies present in the sample will bind to the coated wells. (diapharma.com)
  • To detect anti-MCV, anti-vimentin, anti-vimentin/cardiolipin, and anti-CCP2 antibodies, commercial or homemade enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were performed. (unipg.it)
  • Taking into account that not all antibodies directed against β2GPI and cardiolipin/β2GPI are pathogenic, such non-functional assays result in a relatively high false positivity. (synapseresearchinstitute.com)
  • This includes antibodies specific for the cardiolipin molecule itself, and antibodies that are directed against either a cofactor molecule such as b2GPI, or a special binding site created by the interaction of a cofactor with CL. (diapharma.com)
  • The aCL antibodies bind to b2GPI, or a complex formed by this b2GPI is a platelet adhesin glycoprotein and cardiolipin. (medscape.com)
  • METHODS: Sequential serum samples from 15 patients with SLE and sera from patients with other rheumatic diseases and healthy subjects were investigated by ELISA for autoantibody reactivities against a set of 13 overlapping peptides spanning the RNA-binding region of hnRNP-A2. (cnrs.fr)
  • Antibody reactivity against the complete protein was determined by western immunoblotting and ELISA. (cnrs.fr)
  • Biologic false-positive results are defined as a positive RPR/VDRL result with a negative FTA-ABS/TP-PA result and are due to reactivity of autoantibodies to the cardiolipin-lecithin-cholesterol reagent present in the nontreponemal tests. (medscape.com)
  • We have previously described the presence of autoantibodies directed against vimentin/cardiolipin complex in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), but there are no data on the role of citrullinated vimentin in APS. (unipg.it)
  • APOH may be a required cofactor for anionic phospholipid binding by the antiphospholipid autoantibodies found in sera of many patients with lupus and primary antiphospholipid syndrome, but it does not seem to be required for the reactivity of antiphospholipid autoantibodies associated with infections. (assaygenie.com)
  • The aim was to detect sets of antibody reactivities characteristic of SLE patients in each of various clinical states - SLE patients with acute lupus nephritis, SLE patients in renal remission, and SLE patients who had never had renal involvement. (openu.ac.il)
  • The present study did not detect antibody reactivities that differentiated among the various subgroups of SLE subjects with statistical significance. (openu.ac.il)
  • RESULTS: Anti-peptide antibody reactivities were found in 60% of SLE sera but in only 5% of control samples, and were mainly directed to four peptides, one of which (p155-175) appeared to be immunodominant. (cnrs.fr)
  • IgG from patients with autoimmune diseases or syphilis were tested for anticardiolipin reactivity and lupus anticoagulant activity in the presence and absence of beta 2GPI. (jci.org)
  • A highly purified cardiolipin is coated on micro-wells saturated with beta-2 glycoprotein I. (elisakits.co.uk)
  • Beta-2-Glycoprotein 1 antibody is more specific than cardiolipin antibody that may express reactivity in patients with syphilis and other infectious diseases. (clevelandheartlab.com)
  • In contrast, IgG from a patient with syphilis recognized cardiolipin alone and binding was inhibited by beta 2GPI. (jci.org)
  • The serum from 112 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was examined to compare serologic reactivity among anti-Ro positive and anti-Ro negative patients. (uwo.ca)
  • A significant correlation between anti-MCV and anti-vimentin/cardiolipin serum levels was observed (p = 0.029). (unipg.it)
  • Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Competitive Inhibition method for detection of Mouse Immunoglobulin M (IgM) in samples from serum, plasma and other biological fluids with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species. (populationhealthsciences.org)
  • Cardiolipin (CL) forms a vital component of the inner mitochondrial membrane, representing around 20% of the overall total lipid composition. (elisakits.co.uk)
  • All reagents supplied need to be stored at 2 °C - 8 °C, unopened reagents will retain reactivity until expiration date. (elisakits.co.uk)
  • Divisible Microplate: Consisting of 12 modules of 8 wells, highly purified human cardiolipin is bound to microwells. (elisakits.co.uk)
  • Assays of cardiolipin_levels. (elisakits.co.uk)
  • Importantly, we found that a significant number of samples positive for domain I reactivity are falsely assigned negative in assays characterized by a decreased availability of this epitope. (synapseresearchinstitute.com)
  • For instance, cardiolipin, an anionic phospholipid, has been found to be associated to a number of eukaryotic and prokaryotic respiratory complexes. (pasteur.fr)
  • It has an anionic charge and the function is unknown, as cardiolipin is not involved in the immune or coagulation systems. (diapharma.com)
  • In this review, we describe current knowledge of the functions associated with cardiolipin binding to respiratory complexes in prokaryotes as a frame to discuss how specific lipid binding may tune their reactivity towards quinone and participate to supercomplex formation of both aerobic and anaerobic respiratory chains. (pasteur.fr)
  • Cardiolipin-dependent formation of mitochondrial respiratory supercomplexes. (elisakits.co.uk)
  • Interestingly, anti-MCV was found associated with the presence of arthritis (p = 0.011) and anti-vimentin/cardiolipin was highly specific for the presence of arterial or venous thrombosis in APS (p = 0.003 and p = 0.002, respectively). (unipg.it)
  • the profile also includes decreases in specific IgM reactivities to myeloperoxidase (MPO), CD99, collagen III, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP1) and cardiolipin. (openu.ac.il)
  • 3-methylglutaconic acid can be detected by the presence of the acid function and the double connection that involves reactivity with some specific substances. (wikidoc.org)
  • OBJECTIVES: Autoantibody formation and T cell reactivity against the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2 (hnRNP-A2) has been observed in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). (cnrs.fr)
  • A comparison of serologic reactivity among SLE patients with or withou" by D. A. Bell, R. Komar et al. (uwo.ca)
  • Follow-up testing of these patients is recommended in 3-6 months to confirm reactivity. (diapharma.com)
  • Thus, our results can establish the potential risk for autoimmunity and multi-system disorders with COVID-19 that may come from cross-reactivity between our own human tissues and this dreaded virus, and thus ensure that the badly-needed vaccines and treatments being developed for it are truly safe to use against this disease. (frontiersin.org)
  • Description: 33 types of normal tissues based on the FDA recommendation for antibody cross-reactivity testing. (caspase-14.com)
  • While, naturally, the search for a successful vaccine and efficient treatment protocols are paramount, immunologists who focus on autoimmunity have been concerned whether the infection or even a newly developed vaccine itself can trigger autoimmunity via cross-reactivity. (frontiersin.org)
  • First, does cross-reactivity play a role in the multi-system disorders associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection? (frontiersin.org)
  • We will begin with the first question of whether cross-reactivity can be involved in the multi-system response of COVID-19 infection. (frontiersin.org)
  • This protein plays a critical role in maintaining the levels of a particular lipid, called cardiolipin, located in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. (wikidoc.org)
  • The degree of reactivity of cANCA has been found to follow the disease course so repeat testing can be important in disease management. (nemours.org)
  • Anti-vimentin/cardiolipin is strongly associated with the presence of thrombosis (both arterial and venous). (unipg.it)
  • There are three important questions regarding the role of cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV-2. (frontiersin.org)
  • Second, how does cross-reactivity contribute to the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2-induced autoimmunity? (frontiersin.org)
  • This higher specificity makes them ideal as confirmatory tests after a less-expensive nontreponemal test shows reactivity. (medscape.com)