PeroxidationHydrogen peroxide and lipid hydroperoxidesSuperoxideSpecies and lipidMediated by reactive oxygenProteinsGeneration of reactiveMoleculesH2O2Oxidative damageRadicalsOxidationMetabolismProteinCytotoxicityPeroxidaseSelenoproteinsCarbonylDamageGlutathione reductaseChemistryEnzymeNitrogen-oxygenSerumBiologicalReductionFreeAssaysNeurodegenerative diseasesBacteriaIncreasesReactionsGenerateDecreasesProductionRoleCellRedox
Peroxidation21
- The attenuation of metal/peroxide oxidative chemistry, as well as lipid peroxidation, appears to be the major chemical mechanisms by which NO may limit oxidative injury to mammalian cells. (researchgate.net)
- Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be generated when organisms are exposed to a material causing cellular responses, such as lipid peroxidation, H2O2 production, and DNA damage. (cdc.gov)
- We used electron spin resonance, analysis of lipid peroxidation, measurement of H2O2 production, and the comet assay to assess generation of ROS from SiNW and define possible mechanisms. (cdc.gov)
- When the concentration of free radicals exceeds the neutralizing capability of the body's antioxidants, these highly reactive species can damage vital molecules such as DNA, RNA, enzymes and structural proteins and large amounts of membrane lipids though peroxidation. (nutrametrix.com)
- Vitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant that protects vulnerable fatty acids in cell membranes from lipid peroxidation. (nutrametrix.com)
- Lipid peroxidation is a well-demonstrated mechanism of cellular which injury in both plants and animals. (creativebiomart.net)
- Studies comparing the antioxidant properties of Mediterranean food spices and common food additives have shown that extracts from oregano were more effective than butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) in inhibiting lipid peroxidation [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced lipid peroxidation is associated with sperm function. (ijbs.com)
- Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity represent the lipid peroxidation and spermicidal antioxidant, respectively. (ijbs.com)
- Spermatozoa are rendered dysfunctional by lipid peroxidation and altered membrane function, together with impaired metabolism, morphology, and motility [ 2 ]. (ijbs.com)
- Lipid peroxidation triggers the loss of membrane integrity, causing increased cell permeability, enzyme inactivation, structural damage to DNA, and cell death [ 3 ]. (ijbs.com)
- MDA, an end product of lipid peroxidation, represented the level of lipid peroxidation. (ijbs.com)
- High lipid peroxidation as represented by MDA levels may cause changes in the sperm and diminish fertility [ 5 ]. (ijbs.com)
- GPx, a selenium-containing antioxidative enzyme scavenging system, act directly as an antioxidant and an inhibitor of lipid peroxidation. (ijbs.com)
- Reactive oxygen species initiate lipid peroxidation and accumulation of lipid peroxides in sperm membranes, causing a reduction in sperm motility and viability. (noxygen.de)
- 5)Reactive oxidants in skin:UV-induced lipid peroxidation. (sugiyama-pharmacy.com)
- 1) Lipid peroxidation and radical formation in methyl linoleate following ultaviolet light exposure. (sugiyama-pharmacy.com)
- Water withholding caused an increase in the concentration of lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide and proline content in most genotypes. (unios.hr)
- Smoking and drinking habits significantly influenced the quantity of one of the lipid peroxidation-derived adducts, etheno-dA. (biomedcentral.com)
- A reaction with unsaturated fatty acid leads to lipid peroxidation products. (eaglebio.com)
- The lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and the enzymatic activity of catalase (CAT) were measured in the cardiac muscle. (bvsalud.org)
Hydrogen peroxide and lipid hydroperoxides2
- The most abundant selenoproteins in mammals are the glutathione peroxidases (5-6 genes) that reduce hydrogen peroxide and lipid hydroperoxides at the expense of glutathione and serve to limit the strength and duration of reactive oxygen signals. (usda.gov)
- Glutathione peroxidases are a group of selenoprotein enzymes that reduce reactive oxygen species such as hydrogen peroxide and lipid hydroperoxides to harmless products such as water and simple alcohols. (nutrametrix.com)
Superoxide7
- The generations of ROS, such as superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and the hydroxyl radical can result in the damage to cell membranes. (ijbs.com)
- The in vivo anti-oxidant study was determined by evaluating enzymatic anti-oxidants such as Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Lipid peroxidase (LPO) and Catalase (CAT) in hepatic tissue of STZ induced diabetic rats.The MDA levels were depleted and SOD and CAT enzymes were restored in diabetic rats treated with EEHL at the dose of 300 mg/kg body weight. (ijpsr.com)
- Whenever these free radicals are produced, their effects are monitored by defence system of the body which includes antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR) and lipid peroxidase (LPO). (ijpsr.com)
- ROS like superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, peroxynitrite and hydroxyl radicals all damage mitochondrial proteins, lipids, and DNA, impairing the proper function of the mitochondria. (holisticprimarycare.net)
- A number of endogenous systems, such as the aerobic metabolism and electron transport chains, generate highly reactive molecules with important biological functions known as reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). (bvsalud.org)
- While SOD catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide anion (O2') to H2O2, catalase and glutathione (peroxidase, reductase) system reduce cellular toxicity degrading peroxides into oxygen and water 9 . (bvsalud.org)
- to superoxide or that "autoxidize", and when coupled with catalase Oxygen radicals clearly contribute to probably through reactions catalysed within peroxisomes or with cytosolic genomic instability, are produced by by transition metals. (who.int)
Species and lipid1
- Abnormalities in skin texture, pimples, and acne formation are usually caused by certain reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxide cells, which cause oxidative stress. (imbms.com)
Mediated by reactive oxygen1
- There are a number of reactive nitrogen oxide species, such as N2O3 and ONOO-, that can alter critical cellular components under high local concentrations of NO. However, NO can also abate the oxidation chemistry mediated by reactive oxygen species such as H2O2 and O2- that occurs at physiological levels of NO. In addition to the antioxidant chemistry, NO protects against cell death mediated by H2O2, alkylhydroperoxides, and xanthine oxidase. (researchgate.net)
Proteins9
- 1/2 GSSG + RH Aside from deactivating radicals and reactive oxidants, glutathione participates in thiol protection and redox regulation of cellular thiol proteins under oxidative stress by protein S-glutathionylation, a redox-regulated post-translational thiol modification. (wikipedia.org)
- All animals depend on oxygen, yet oxygen can be very reactive and cause damage to proteins and genetic material. (usda.gov)
- The sulfur amino acids, cysteine and methionine, are the main targets of reactive oxygen species in proteins. (usda.gov)
- Recent evidence suggests selenoprotein W and the six other small thioredoxin-like mammalian selenoproteins may serve to transduce hydrogen peroxide signals into regulatory disulfide bonds in specific target proteins. (usda.gov)
- It has been shown to protect critical molecules in the body such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids from free radicals and reactive oxygen species (1). (nutrametrix.com)
- ROS can react with proteins, nucleic acids, and can cause lipids cell and tissue damage and can be measured using selective or general indicators. (creativebiomart.net)
- Through these mechanisms, GSH helps to prevent oxidative damage to proteins, lipids, and DNA in neurons, which can lead to cell death. (cellg8.com)
- Since ROS and RNS have been a highly reactive molecule it will cause some alteration to vital biological proteins, carbohydrates, DNA, lipids and other molecules, further prelude to physiological dysfunction of cells and pathologic condition like diabetes, heart diseases and cancer. (ijpsr.com)
- If hydrogen peroxide is not broken down by catalase, additional reactions convert it into compounds called reactive oxygen species that can damage DNA, proteins, and cell membranes. (medlineplus.gov)
Generation of reactive4
- Generation of reactive oxygen species from silicon nanowires. (cdc.gov)
- To study this possibility, we treated two groups of domesticated birds and rabbits with different dosages of gallotannic acid (GTA), a compound known to cause generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). (niscpr.res.in)
- The generation of reactive nitrogen/oxygen species (RN/OS) represents an important mechanism in erythropoietin (EPO) expression and skeletal muscle adaptation to physical and metabolic stress. (ironmagazine.com)
- Exogenous agents are also impli- aldehyde) to form various pro-mu- tion, resisting cell death, enabling cated in the generation of reactive tagenic exocyclic adduct s (Bartsch replicative immortality, inducing oxygen. (who.int)
Molecules4
- Free radicals, more accurately described as atoms or molecules with unpaired electrons, are highly reactive and readily undergo chemical reactions (1). (nutrametrix.com)
- This causes highly reactive molecules known collectively as free radicals to be produced, which can bind to other molecules in cells and stop them from working properly. (elifesciences.org)
- This group easily donates protons to other molecules, causing glutathione to be highly reactive. (xtend-life.com)
- Catalase is active in cells and tissues throughout the body, where it breaks down hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) molecules into oxygen (O 2 ) and water (H 2 O). Hydrogen peroxide is produced through chemical reactions within cells. (medlineplus.gov)
H2O22
- In 1994 German scientists published the results of an in-vitro study that suggest that the concentration of H2O2 decreases in an oxygen-deprived atmosphere, and that this leads to an increase in EPO synthesis. (ironmagazine.com)
- It significantly increased serum concentrations of nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and pro-oxidative products such as 8-isoprostanes (8-iso), lipid peroxides (LPO) and protein carbonyls (PC). (ironmagazine.com)
Oxidative damage1
Radicals11
- Glutathione is capable of preventing damage to important cellular components caused by sources such as reactive oxygen species, free radicals, peroxides, lipid peroxides, and heavy metals. (wikipedia.org)
- Oxidative stress can reflect a disturbance between the systemic production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defenses against radicals. (creativebiomart.net)
- It has the ability to prevent damage from reactive oxygen species (ROS), free radicals, peroxides, lipid peroxides and heavy metals to cells. (upgradedformulas.com)
- These chemicals primarily include free radicals, but other reactive oxygen species include heavy metals, lipid peroxides and peroxides. (xtend-life.com)
- This is responsible for the cellular detoxification of reactive oxygen species like free radicals, peroxides, lipid peroxides, and heavy metals. (thebraindocs.com)
- Oxygen free radicals generated by spermatozoa may be involved in the production of spermicidal cytotoxic end products [ 4 ]. (ijbs.com)
- The occurrence of N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) in cancerous tissue and inflammatory diseases, conditions associated with increased oxidative stress suggests the participation of reactive oxygen radicals in Neu5Gc generation, where an oxygen atom is transferred. (niscpr.res.in)
- 2 Free radicals are highly unstable reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced regularly in various normal biological reactions in the human system. (ijpsr.com)
- Free radicals (reactive oxygen species) are eliminated by antioxidants. (eaglebio.com)
- respiratory burst (the rapid release of Reactions of oxygen radicals with Mitochondrial oxidative phosphor- reactive oxygen species from cells) cel ular components can deplete an- ylation is a major source of oxy- that involves nicotinamide adenine tioxidants, can cause direct oxidative gen radicals of endogenous origin. (who.int)
- 2011). Larger quantities of free radicals (reactive disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases, and oxygen species [ROS]) present in the cigarette cancer (WHO, 2012). (bvsalud.org)
Oxidation3
- It has also been shown to reduce the lipid oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles, thus promoting cardiovascular health (6). (nutrametrix.com)
- The relationship between the physicochemical properties of antioxidants and their ability to inhibit lipid oxidation in bulk oil and oil-in-water emulsions. (harvard.edu)
- Benzoyl peroxide increases UVA-induced plasma membrane damage and lipid oxidation in murine leukemia L1210 cells. (harvard.edu)
Metabolism3
- Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycaemia with hampered metabolism of vital biological components like carbohydrate, protein and lipids. (ijpsr.com)
- In TCM, the treatment of NAFLD mainly focused on the holism of hepatoprotection, which manifests as various forms and features in mechanism, including anti-oxidant stress, lipid metabolism modulation, anti-inflammation, anti-fibrosis and gut microbiota modulation. (biomedcentral.com)
- Metabolism of glutathione peroxidase, can further inflammation, and - along with oth- many exogenous agents through cy- convert these reactive species to er radical species - play key roles tochrome P450-mediated reactions wate r (Benzie, 2000) . (who.int)
Protein2
- Treatment with matrine resulted in a significant reduction in GPX4 protein levels and a concurrent increase in lipid peroxide and Fe2+ content, suggesting matrine-induced modulation of ferroptosis. (bvsalud.org)
- At the end of the running session the researchers found less creatine-kinase, fewer 8-isoprostanes, less lipid peroxide and less protein carbonyl in the blood of the experimental group members than in the blood of the placebo group members. (ironmagazine.com)
Cytotoxicity1
- The A549 cells pretreated with nonlethal extract concentrations protected against hydrogen-peroxide-induced cytotoxicity, an antioxidant effect more effective than the combination of equimolar concentrations of thymol/carvacrol. (hindawi.com)
Peroxidase3
- Among them, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) stands out as it helps mitigate the harmful effects of ROS and inactivates hydrogen and lipid peroxides. (upgradedformulas.com)
- It also functions as a cofactor for glutathione peroxidase (GPx), an enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxides to their corresponding alcohols. (cellg8.com)
- The determination of the peroxides is performed by the reaction of a peroxidase with peroxides in the sample followed by the conversion of TMB to a colored product. (eaglebio.com)
Selenoproteins2
- This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of the role of selenoproteins in transmitting and regulating reactive oxygen signals. (usda.gov)
- Our body uses selenium-dependent enzymes known as selenoproteins to neutralize reactive oxygen species as well as reactive nitrogen species. (nutrametrix.com)
Carbonyl1
- Lipid peroxides are unstable to form a complex series of compounds including reactive carbonyl compounds. (creativebiomart.net)
Damage7
- On the other hand, partially reduced oxygen can react indiscriminately with biomolecules to cause genetic damage, disease, and even death. (usda.gov)
- We hypothesized that TRPA1 channels in endothelial cells are activated by hypoxia-derived reactive oxygen species, leading to cerebral artery dilation and reduced ischemic damage. (elifesciences.org)
- Radiation-induced red cell damage: role of reactive oxygen species. (harvard.edu)
- Glutathione has strong antioxidant properties, meaning that it protects cells from the damage that occurs when chemicals react with oxygen. (xtend-life.com)
- 3)Cellular membrane damage and lipid peroxide following exposure of the skin to ultraviolet rays. (sugiyama-pharmacy.com)
- In such conditions formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can damage biological membranes and cell structures. (unios.hr)
- For example, hydrogen peroxide produced by bacteria in the mouth may accumulate in and damage soft tissues, leading to mouth ulcers and gangrene. (medlineplus.gov)
Glutathione reductase2
- This conversion is catalyzed by glutathione reductase: NADPH + GSSG + H2O → 2 GSH + NADP+ + OH− GSH protects cells by neutralising (reducing) reactive oxygen species. (wikipedia.org)
- Methylene blue was recognized as an antimalarial agent when it was observed that it reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) by inhibiting Plasmodium falciparum glutathione reductase and by selectively inducing oxidative stress. (journalmeddbu.com)
Chemistry1
Enzyme2
- RÉSUMÉ L'objectif de la présente étude était d'évaluer l'efficacité d'un programme d'exercice sur tapis roulant électronique sur le malondialdéhyde, en tant que marqueur de la peroxydation lipidique et sur une enzyme antioxydante, le glutathion peroxydase, chez des adolescents atteints du Syndrome de Down. (who.int)
- A shortage of this enzyme can allow hydrogen peroxide to build up to toxic levels in certain cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Nitrogen-oxygen1
- Early detection of diving-related cognitive impairment of different nitrogen-oxygen gas mixtures using critical flicker fusion frequency. (daneurope.org)
Serum1
- The Total Lipid Hydroperoxide ELISA Assay Kit is intended for the quantitative determination of peroxides in EDTA-plasma, serum and cell culture supernatants. (eaglebio.com)
Biological3
- New research is revealing that the side reactions of oxygen are used to convey important biological information as signals within and between cells. (usda.gov)
- The Total Lipid Hydroperoxide ELISA Assay kit allows an easy, rapid and precise quantitative determination of the total peroxides in biological samples. (eaglebio.com)
- SOR), hydrogen peroxide, and 2, 2-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical activity by a model (most biological y active) of the anticancer plant was also evaluated. (who.int)
Reduction1
Free1
- A free radical known as 4-HNE binds to TRPA1, but it is not clear if this enables the channel to directly sense the levels of oxygen in the brain. (elifesciences.org)
Assays1
- METHODS: Antiviral assays were conducted according to EN 14476 (2019) against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), H1N1 influenza A virus, and adenovirus type 5 (Ad-5) as enveloped and non-enveloped viral models to assess the synergistic interaction of CHG and natural additive compounds. (bvsalud.org)
Neurodegenerative diseases1
Bacteria1
- The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of flow cytometry as a novel method to assess the viability of pathogenic bacteria after hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) exposure. (daneurope.org)
Increases2
- Cell death coincides with increases in intracellular Fe2+, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lipid peroxides. (bvsalud.org)
- Physical activity increases the heart rate, which pumps more oxygen to the brain. (thebraindocs.com)
Reactions1
Generate1
- Polyunsaturated fatty acid peroxides can generate 4-hydroxyalkenals upon decomposition and malonaldehyde (MDA). (creativebiomart.net)
Decreases1
- When the blood supply to part of the brain is cut off, the level of oxygen in that area decreases. (elifesciences.org)
Production3
- The effects of EGCG on glucose oxidase (GO)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was determined using the ROS probe CM-H 2 DCFDA. (molvis.org)
- Saturation diving allows divers to reduce the risk of decompression sickness while working at depth for prolonged periods but may increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. (daneurope.org)
- Increased oxidative stress due to high production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is proposed to be involved in pathogenesis of SS 5 . (bvsalud.org)
Role3
- MAPK signaling in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts exposed to cholesterol secoaldehyde - Role of hydrogen peroxide. (subr.edu)
- Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the human reproduction. (ijbs.com)
- 1)Role of oxygen in lipid peroxide of skin exposed to ultraviolet light. (sugiyama-pharmacy.com)
Cell1
- Results showed that while lipid peroxides were increased, white blood cell (WBC) count was decreased significantly in all treated groups. (niscpr.res.in)
Redox1
- Differences between reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense system unbalance the redox status. (bvsalud.org)