Reactive attachment disorder. Medical search. Frequent questions

What are the symptoms of reactive attachment disorder? (clevelandclinic.org)
Symptoms of reactive attachment disorder are unique to each child. (clevelandclinic.org)
Attachment Disorder Symptoms According to Foster Cline MD. (attachment.org)
Specify current severity: Reactive Attachment Disorder is specified as severe when a child exhibits all symptoms of the disorder, with each symptom manifesting at relatively high levels. (church4everychild.org)
The more the parent tries to shower the child with affection, though, the further the child withdraws ( Reactive Attachment Disorder Symptoms ). (healthyplace.com)
Behavioral health physicians use criteria for these conditions listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association, to determine if symptoms indicate any of these conditions. (baptisthealth.com)
Mood disorders can look very different depending on the teen-your daughter's individual personality and the type of mood disorder play a role in how the symptoms show themselves. (embarkbh.com)
Persistent depressive disorder symptoms are similar to depression but not as severe as major depressive disorder. (embarkbh.com)
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) which are the signs and symptoms of connection disorder? (fondation-generations-solidaires.org)
Symptoms of attachment problems vary between little ones with connection problems. (fondation-generations-solidaires.org)

According to Mind , a charity based in the United Kingdom, people with borderline personality disorder can begin to feel emotionally numb when stressed. (medicalnewstoday.com)
And trauma can precipitate emotional and behavioral health conditions, including oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), reactive attachment disorder (RAD), anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), acute stress disorder, borderline personality disorder, affective disorders, pervasive developmental disorders and major depression. (baptisthealth.com)
Trauma itself is not a diagnosis, but it can trigger emotional and behavioral health conditions, including oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), reactive attachment disorder (RAD), anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), acute stress disorder, borderline personality disorder, affective disorders, pervasive developmental disorders and major depression. (baptisthealth.com)

the additional criteria overlap with the disruptive behavior disorders, including conduct disorder (CD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and attention-deficit disorder. (church4everychild.org)

Some are found to suffer from fetal alcohol syndrome, mental illness or reactive attachment disorder, an inability to bond with a parent. (newsweek.com)
Some adoptees struggle with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS), Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD), Sensory Processing Disorder, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), and Failure to Thrive. (huffpost.com)

Others have mistaken the child's lack of interest in interacting with peers as Pervasive Developmental Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder or PTSD. (amazonaws.com)
Sometimes I wonder if I have post-traumatic stress disorder, but feel stupid suggesting that dealing with a child could cause PTSD. (raisingdevon.com)
1). PTSD is included in, Designed by Brittany Cullen Binge Eating Disorder A New Diagnosis in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders A Publication of the National Eating. (artia.org)

Reactive Attachment Disorder, or RAD, has several possible causes usually stemming from traumatic childhood events. (uni.edu)
Even developmental attachment research has no substantially validated measures of attachment in middle childhood or early adolescence, leaving the question of what constitutes clinical disorders of attachment even less clear. (church4everychild.org)
Reactive attachment disorder is caused by the trauma of severe neglect in infancy or very early childhood. (healthyplace.com)
Reactive attachment disorder is characterised by grossly abnormal attachment behaviours in early childhood, occurring in the context of a history of grossly inadequate child care (e.g., severe neglect, maltreatment, institutional deprivation). (mrcpsych.uk)
Disorganized attachment is an important early risk factor for socioemotional problems throughout childhood and into adulthood. (nih.gov)
When coding for suspected autism, I often use F94.8 (Other childhood disorders of social functioning). (aapc.com)
ABSTRACT: Reactive attachment disorder (RAD) is an early childhood mental health disease characterized by impaired social interactions and communication abilities, and neurological deficits in the child's developing brain. (bvsalud.org)

The school as a secure base Begin by watching Dr. Lois Ehrmann for this intensive Trauma and Attachment Certification Course recording and learn the most effective evidence-based therapeutic interventions for clients where the foundational blocks of attachment are fractured and at times not even there. (theworkscards.com)
Trauma can manifest into disorders: serious psychological reactions that develop following exposure to a traumatic or stressful event. (havnlife.com)
My son went through trauma at a young age and has been diagnosed with reactive attachment disorder. (raisingdevon.com)
These models of therapy are ideal in working with families who are struggling with the effects of trauma including attachment issues related to adoption and foster placements. (mnadopt.org)

Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) is a complex psychiatric illness that can affect young children. (attachment.org)
According to the American Psychiatric Association's (2013) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) , reactive attachment disorder must be diagnosed between the developmental ages of nine months and five years, its effects are long-lasting, often extending into adulthood. (thoughtsonlifeandlove.com)
Early life stress (ELS) increases lifetime risk of depression, suicide, and mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, and epidemiological studies suggest that approximately 30% of all adult-onset psychiatric disorders are associated with the experience of ELS ( 1 - 8 ). (frontiersin.org)
Imbalance of these systems is strongly associated with mood, psychiatric, and substance use disorders ( 19 , 29 , 30 ). (frontiersin.org)
At an adolescent treatment center Montana teens receive an accurate drug and alcohol assessment that addresses co-occurring psychiatric disorders and increasingly complicated family needs. (psychologytoday.com)
Pediatric psychiatric disorders. (bvsalud.org)
Pediatric psychiatric disorders, such as tend to be emotionally withdrawn and unlikely attachment disorders, are considered as significant to seek comfort or attention, even from parents, contributors to the global burden of human suffering, relatives, or caregivers. (bvsalud.org)
The Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM), published by the American Psychiatric Association, is a compendium of mental disorders, a listing of the diagnostic criteria used to diagnose them, and a detailed system for their definition, organization, and classification. (artia.org)
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA), is the classification and diagnostic tool universally recognized as an authority for psychiatric diagnoses. (artia.org)
Hysterics factors in relation to the vulnerability to psychiatric disorders. (marysfamilymedicine.org)

Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with reactive attachment disorder and disinhibited social engagement disorder. (medlineplus.gov)
[2] They worked to create residential treatment centers for children and adolescents with emotional and behavioral disorders. (wikipedia.org)

However, the disorder cannot be diagnosed before the age of 1 year (or a developmental age of less than 9 months), when the capacity for selective attachments may not be fully developed, or in the context of Autism spectrum disorder. (mrcpsych.uk)
The ICD-11 calls it Developmental Motor Coordination Disorder while the DSM-5 refers to it as Developmental Coordination Disorder, but coordination doesn't always mean physical, and motor can include vocalizations as well (i.e., verbal apraxia, phonic tics, etc.), so the DSM-5 should've called it physical coordination disorder with the ICD-11 classifying it as developmental physical coordination disorder. (hubpages.com)

By teaching you (parenting) skills to help heal her disorder, she can avoid developing mounting social and behavioral issues later in life and, rather, go on to enjoy healthy relationships with you and with others. (christianschoolforgirls.com)
We can help you heal the disorder, so your teen can avoid developing mounting social and behavioral issues later in life. (trianglecrossranch.com)
A residential treatment center ( RTC ), sometimes called a rehab , is a live-in health care facility providing therapy for substance use disorders , mental illness , or other behavioral problems. (wikipedia.org)
[1] One example of this is the Walker Home and School which was established by Dr. Albert Treischman in 1961 for adolescent boys with severe emotional or behavioral disorders. (wikipedia.org)

Triangle Cross Ranch, LLC helps troubled teen boys who suffer from RAD (Reactive Attachment Disorder), ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder), ODD (Oppositional Defiance Disorder), as well as at-risk boys with internet or gaming addiction or harmful relationships. (trianglecrossranch.com)
The DSM-5 uses a severity specifier of mild, moderate, and severe, but the ADHDs should just have a severity number scale of 1, 2, and 3 instead, so it does not conflict with the severity scale of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) since a diagnosis of an ADHD-regardless of severity-does not necessarily impact spoken language, intellectual, or adaptive functioning. (hubpages.com)
Inattentive, hyperactivity/impulsivity, or combined are classified as different subtypes of ADHD-not separate sub-disorders-in the DSM-5 and ICD-11 because inattention and hyperactivity physiologically function on the same receptors and most with the condition have the combined type. (hubpages.com)

This can include post-traumatic stress disorder , depression and anxiety disorders. (physio-pedia.com)
We reveal what's possible for those who have experienced a history of depression, anxiety or other mood disorders. (psychologytoday.com)
Participants were 7645 pregnant women or mothers in the postpartum period-with an infant aged up to 6 months-who completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) or the Generalised Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7) during pregnancy or the postpartum period. (bvsalud.org)
Mood disorders and depression in teens can look similar and it can be challenging to know how to help a teen coping with these forms of mental illness. (embarkbh.com)
Different types of depression fall under the mood disorder category, as do bipolar mood disorder, disruptive mood disorder, and other disorders that look similar to any of these but are connected either to substance use or health conditions. (embarkbh.com)
Addiction, poor attachment, depression, anxiety, and active parental eating disorders have been linked with poor feeding and an increased incidence of nonorganic failure to thrive in children. (medscape.com)

Without attachment, a child can't trust anyone or anything, so he/she withdraws from people. (healthyplace.com)

It's easy for a teen dealing with PDD to fall behind in school and to become isolated, leaving her more at risk for a decline into major depressive disorder or other mood disorders. (embarkbh.com)

Personal and family history of mental illness, anxiety disorders and other mood disorders will also be discussed. (baptisthealth.com)

There is no exact cause for children diagnosed with reactive attachment disorder. (clevelandclinic.org)

Our therapeutic school helps girls with Reactive Attachment Disorders and other issues having to do with abandonment and adoption. (christianschoolforgirls.com)
An adjustment period is normal after any adoption, but parents need to understand 'the difference between an adjustment and a true adjustment disorder,' Besser said. (go.com)

6 Hour DVD, Book & Study Guide (También disponible en español) The ATTACh Therapeutic Parenting DVD is designed to be used in support group settings and by therapists in the training of caretakers. (theworkscards.com)
The six-hour DVD follows the topics introduced in ATTACh's book Therapeutic Parenting: A handbook for parents of children who have disorders of attachment. (theworkscards.com)
Love is, in fact, one of the biggest challenges and frustrations in parenting a child with reactive attachment disorder. (healthyplace.com)
In parenting a child with reactive attachment disorder, it can at times be easy to take the withdrawal and what seems like rejection personally, especially when you're working hard in many areas to help the child feel connected: at home, at school, with friends, in other settings. (healthyplace.com)
The frustrations, anxiety, and depressive episodes that can happen when parenting a child with reactive attachment disorder are normal. (healthyplace.com)
The challenges of parenting a child with reactive attachment disorder are numerous, but they don't have to stop everyone in their tracks. (healthyplace.com)
First and foremost, remember that safety and trust are instrumental in parenting a child with reactive attachment disorder. (healthyplace.com)
Reactive attachment disorder treatment is absolutely possible, and RAD parenting can be successful and rewarding. (healthyplace.com)
Yet parenting a child with reactive attachment disorder can help him/her lead a successful life full of not just trust, but love. (healthyplace.com)
Prevailing models of the etiology of disorganized attachment emphasize the role of highly dysfunctional parenting, to the exclusion of complex models examining the interplay of child and parental factors. (nih.gov)
Over here in this corner, you've got Dr. Sears , proponent of something called "attachment parenting," which recommends "the five Bs": "babywearing," "bedsharing," "breastfeeding," and two others that I forget. (blogspot.com)
Anyway, opponents of Dr. Sears consider attachment parenting nothing but hippie, pinko, overly permissive parenting that breeds spoiled monsters. (blogspot.com)

A frequent change in caregivers (for example, in orphanages or foster care) is another cause of reactive attachment disorder. (medlineplus.gov)
Reactive Attachment Disorder is a rare but serious condition in which an infant or young child doesn't establish healthy attachments with a parent or caregivers. (gacrs.org)

Certain behaviors as well as inner emotional experiences indicate reactive attachment disorder in adults. (thoughtsonlifeandlove.com)
It is clear that central attachment behaviors used for the diagnosis of RAD, such as proximity seeking, change markedly with development. (church4everychild.org)
Understanding how early life stress alters reward circuit development, function, and motivated behaviors is a critical first step toward developing the ability to predict, prevent, and treat stress-related psychopathology spanning mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders. (frontiersin.org)

Claims that many children with a diagnosis of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder and bipolar disorder, in fact, have RAD highlight the problems with diagnostic precision in this area (Levy and Orlans, 2000). (church4everychild.org)
Retrieved February 17, 2017 It also concluded that children with a hyperactivity disorder exhibited calmer behaviour when they were free to gaze at fish that are bright in color. (ipl.org)
Asperger's syndrome ( F84.5 ) attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders ( F90 . (aapc.com)

A residential treatment program encompasses any residential program which treats a behavioural issue, including milder psychopathology such as eating disorders (e.g. weight loss camp ) or indiscipline (e.g. fitness boot camps as lifestyle interventions ). (wikipedia.org)
We also specialize in eating disorders and self-harm . (clearviewhorizon.com)

Similarly, that child who is always losing his temper, questions authority figures regularly, and his bullying the other children most certainly meets the criteria for Oppositional Defiant Disorder, but again, could be a RAD child. (amazonaws.com)

Both address issues of working with parts of the personality, a topic that often become essential when treating cases with complex posttraumatic stress disorder or structural dissociation. (sonomapti.com)

E. The criteria are not met for autism spectrum disorder. (church4everychild.org)
ICD-11 Criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder (6A02) Autism spectrum disorder is characterised by persistent deficits in the ability to ini. (mrcpsych.uk)
She has epileptic seizures which are considered part of the Autism Disorder. (wiaa.org)

This disorder is usually identified when a parent (or prospective parent) is at high risk for neglect or when an adoptive parent has difficulty coping with a newly adopted child. (medlineplus.gov)
Reactive attachment disorder (RAD) is a condition where a child doesn't form healthy emotional bonds with their caretakers (parental figures), often because of emotional neglect or abuse at an early age. (clevelandclinic.org)
Reactive attachment disorder is most common among children who experience physical or emotional neglect or abuse. (clevelandclinic.org)
Early life stress - including experience of child maltreatment, neglect, separation from or loss of a parent, and other forms of adversity - increases lifetime risk of mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders. (frontiersin.org)

Sable came to this conclusion using the ethological-evolutionary framework of attachment, neuroscience, and animal studies. (ipl.org)
In two earlier blogs (last August 3rd, 5th), I briefly discussed some aspects of the neuroscience of "reactive attachment disorders" (RADs). (onthebrain.com)
From this neuroscience perspective, what IS missing for such a child in the experiences that drive plastic changes and shape the operations of the Self, in the domain of emotional response and control as it relates to human attachment? (onthebrain.com)

However, emotional detachment does not always occur due to a mental health condition or attachment disorder. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Half of all lifetime cases of mental disorders will first present by age 14 and 75% will present by age 24. (psychologytoday.com)
To begin, the DSM-6 should do rid with the diagnosis Gender Dysphoria (formerly called Gender Identity Disorder) since it is really a sexual orientation-not a mental disorder. (hubpages.com)
SID was considered to be included in the DSM-5, but not added because there has yet to be enough research to distinguish it from only being a comorbidity to ADHDs, ASD, PCD, and SMD despite many mental health practitioners noting it to be a distinct disorder that needs a diagnostic label for funding purposes. (hubpages.com)
RESUMEN: El trastorno de apego reactivo (RAD, por sus siglas en inglés) es una enfermedad de salud mental en la primera infancia caracterizada por interacciones sociales y capacidades de comunicación deterioradas y por déficits neurológicos en el cerebro en desarrollo del niño. (bvsalud.org)
Source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders The. (artia.org)
says Brent Esplin, the executive director at Potomac at Hobble Creek, a residential treatment center for teens with mood disorders and other related mental illness. (embarkbh.com)
Disruptive Mood Disorder is a new diagnosis in the DSM-5, the manual that mental health professionals use to make diagnoses and decide what approach to take in treatment. (embarkbh.com)
The attachment principle is created whenever a parent/caregiver responds to a child's physical or mental needs with convenience and responds in annoyance often. (fondation-generations-solidaires.org)

Reactive attachment disorder is a problem in which a child is not able to easily form a normal or loving relationship with others. (medlineplus.gov)
RAD usually presents by age 5, but a parent, caregiver or physician may notice that a child has problems with emotional attachment by their first birthday. (attachment.org)
If a child is not attached - does not form a loving bond with the mother - he does not develop an attachment to the rest of mankind. (attachment.org)
Reactive Attachment Disorder is the result of a child not forming a secure attachment to a primary parent or caregiver before the age of five. (thoughtsonlifeandlove.com)
Attachment is the bond a child makes with other human beings, allowing for a healthy emotional and psychological growth. (uni.edu)
There are four attachment styles and four phases that a child must go through to develop a healthy attachment to a caregiver. (uni.edu)
Reactive attachment disorder (RAD) is a condition in which an infant or young child does not form a secure, healthy emotional bond with his or her primary caretakers (parental figures). (theworkscards.com)
Insufficient attachment, if not adequately addressed, practically condemns a child to experience severe problems throughout his life. (amazonaws.com)
A child with an attachment disorder feels unsafe and alone. (amazonaws.com)
When Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) occurs in children, it becomes very difficult for a parent to establish a meaningful bond with their child, which often leads to more problems for the child down the road. (danielamenmd.com)
Originally posted by the Institute for Attachment and Child Development. (raisingdevon.com)
In this study, we examined possible two- and three-way interactions and child DRD4 polymorphisms and birth weight and maternal caregiving at age 6 months in longitudinally predicting attachment disorganization at 36 months. (nih.gov)
Reactive attachment disorder (RAD) refers to the physical, psychological, and even biological bond that occurs between a child and their primary caretaker, such as the mother and father. (easierwithpractice.com)
The child may persistently fail to initiate and respond to social interactions in a developmentally appropriate way (inhibited type) or there may be a pattern of diffuse attachments with nondiscriminate sociability (disinhibited type). (bvsalud.org)
Another important aspect that rise many concerns among parents is that they are afraid that, if they tell their child of donor conception, he or she will reject one or both non-genetic parent or develop the so-called reactive attachment disorder (RAD). (invitra.com)
The differences between this connection condition and Disinhibited personal problems are that while young children with accessory issues may desire affection from strangers when they have Disinhibited societal Disorder, a child with condition Reactive connection ailment will be extremely unlikely to desire passion from any person, such as near loved ones. (fondation-generations-solidaires.org)

A PSYCHOBIOLOGICAL MODEL OF TEMPERAMENT AND Cloninger began work on the structure of personality todevelop a general model to explain the differences bet- Cloninger developed a dimensional psychobiological model of personality that accounts ween patients with somatiza- for both normal and abnormal variation in two major components of personality, tempera- tion disorder and generalized ment and character. (marysfamilymedicine.org)

Exactly what are the 4 types of attachment? (fondation-generations-solidaires.org)

Dec 19, 2020 - Explore Kerry Severn's board "Reactive Attachment Disorder", followed by 106 people on Pinterest. (theworkscards.com)

It is considered to be a result of not forming an attachment to any specific caregiver when very young. (medlineplus.gov)
CGA can help your daughter if she suffers from Reactive Attachment Disorder (or RAD), a rare but serious condition that leaves her unable to form a healthy emotional attachment with mother (or primary caregiver). (christianschoolforgirls.com)
We can help your teen boy if he suffers from Reactive Attachment Disorder (or RAD), a rare but serious condition that leaves him unable to form a healthy emotional attachment with a mother (or primary caregiver). (trianglecrossranch.com)
The attachment concept is created whenever a father or mother or caregiver typically ignores a child's psychological and physical goals. (fondation-generations-solidaires.org)

The attachment will profoundly affect a child's development, the capacity to express emotions, and perhaps most importantly, the ability to build meaningful relationships later in life. (amazonaws.com)

Potential complications of infection include otitis media, sinusitis, chronic bronchitis, and exacerbations of reactive airway disease (eg, asthma). (medscape.com)

Troubled boys receive the individualized care and attention that they need to address Reactive Detachment Disorders, along with life-changing experiences and hands-on learning opportunities. (trianglecrossranch.com)

The DSM-6 should add the disorder for funding purposes, and the ICD-11 is purposing to call it Other Specified Disorders with Hearing Impairment in the Disorders with Hearing Impairment of The Diseases of Ear and Mastoid Process category, but both manuals should classify it as APD in the Neurodevelopmental Disorders category since the research considers it to be a neurodevelopmental disorder. (hubpages.com)

Our emphasis on family therapy is also critically important in her treatment of Reactive Attachment Disorder, encouraging communication between you and your daughter. (christianschoolforgirls.com)
Our emphasis on family therapy is also critically important in the treatment of Reactive Attachment Disorder, encouraging communication between you and your son. (trianglecrossranch.com)
Zion Hills Academy, a nonprofit (501C3) Residential Treatment Center in Southern Utah, specializes in treating teen girls experiencing Reactive Attachment Disorder. (psychologytoday.com)

What is the difference between inhibited reactive attachment disorder and disinhibited social engagement disorder? (clevelandclinic.org)
Inhibited reactive attachment disorder (RAD) is related to disinhibited social engagement disorder (DSED), but there are differences between each type. (clevelandclinic.org)
Children with disinhibited social engagement disorder may be overly friendly toward strangers and even go to them without checking with their parents. (clevelandclinic.org)
The indiscriminately social/disinhibited type is now referred to as Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder and considered a separate condition. (church4everychild.org)
The results indicated that a main effect for DRD4 and a two-way interaction of birth weight and 6-month maternal attention (frequency of maternal looking away behavior) and sensitivity predicted disorganized attachment in robust logistic regression models adjusted for social demographic covariates. (nih.gov)
During this time, adjustment disorder can interfere with sleep, social interaction (which can be a big deal if it accompanies a move), and school work - setting your daughter back academically and socially. (embarkbh.com)
Social and emotional well-being refers to the achievement of expected development milestones and the establishment of effective coping skills secure attachments, and positive social relationships. (edu.au)

This attachment is further nurtured and elaborated through the mother's close physical and emotional attachment ot the infant post-natally. (onthebrain.com)

Adults missing an attachment will also have a reaction. (thoughtsonlifeandlove.com)
Children may develop reactive attachment disorder (RAD) due to negative experiences with adults in their early years. (medicalnewstoday.com)
The question of whether attachment disorders can reliably be diagnosed in older children and adults has not been resolved. (church4everychild.org)

Children with reactive attachment disorder are aware of what happens around them, but they don't respond emotionally to what's going on. (clevelandclinic.org)
In the DSM-5, the term Reactive Attachment Disorder has been reserved for the emotionally withdrawn, inhibited type. (church4everychild.org)

CGA is a Christian boarding school - an alternative to therapeutic boarding schools - for teenage girls struggling with life-controlling problems, including attachment disorders. (christianschoolforgirls.com)

Students struggling with reactive attachment disorder can heal if we give them the correct tools in the right environment. (theworkscards.com)

Psychiatry and Psychology3

Disciplines and Occupations1

Named Groups1

Symptoms10

Borderline personal3

Disruptive behavior1

Fetal alcohol2

PTSD3

Childhood7

Trauma4

Psychiatric10

Adolescents2

Developmental2

Behavioral4

ADHD3

Depression6

Withdraws1

Depressive Disorder1

Anxiety Disorders1

Children diagnosed1

Adoption2

Parenting12

Caregivers2

Behaviors3

Hyperactivity3

Eating Disorders2

Oppositional1

Posttraumatic Stress D1

Autism3

Neglect4

Neuroscience3

Mental9

Child16

Personality1

Types of attachment1

20201

Caregiver4

Child's1

Chronic1

Detachment1

Neurodevelopmental1

Treatment3

Social7

Emotional attachment1

Adults3

Emotionally2

Therapeutic1

Heal1