• Computational simulation of the reactive oxygen species and redox network in the regulation of chloroplast metabolism. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • Electrons are drained from the network by reactive oxygen species (ROS) through thiol peroxidases, e.g., peroxiredoxins (PRX). (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • Gerken M, Kakorin S, Chibani K, Dietz K-J. Computational simulation of the reactive oxygen species and redox network in the regulation of chloroplast metabolism. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • In chemistry and biology, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive chemicals formed from diatomic oxygen (O2), water, and hydrogen peroxide. (wikipedia.org)
  • Peroxynitrite and nitric oxide are reactive oxygen-containing species as well. (wikipedia.org)
  • Photosensitizers such as chlorophyll may convert triplet (3O2) to singlet oxygen: Singlet oxygen is highly reactive with unsaturated organic compounds. (wikipedia.org)
  • Levels of jasmonate play a key role in the decision between cell acclimation or cell death in response to elevated levels of this reactive oxygen species. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here, we investigated the effect of pretreatment with exogenous melatonin on the net photosynthetic rate, the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII, chlorophyll content, lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, antioxidant potential, and redox homeostasis in leaves of tea plants following cold stress. (mdpi.com)
  • Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF- κ B) inhibits cell death through suppression of the caspase cascade, the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. (nature.com)
  • 2005). Electron transfer between cytochrome c and p66Shc generates reactive oxygen species that trigger mitochondrial apoptosis. (nature.com)
  • Reactive oxygen species promote TNF α -induced death and sustained JNK activation by inhibiting MAP kinase phosphatases. (nature.com)
  • Using "Reactive Oxygen Control" technologies - developed to preserve photo prints against color blurring - as a means of preventing skin oxidation from ultraviolet light, we have expanded into the cosmetics sector. (fujifilm.com)
  • Oxidation of cysteine thiols by physiological reactive oxygen species (ROS) initiates thermogenesis in brown and beige adipose tissues. (nih.gov)
  • Khz cytotoxicity was measured using an MTT assay and the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP)-related, calcium-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in A549 cells was measured by flow cytometry. (springer.com)
  • Khz ( fusion of Ganoderma lucidum and Polyporus umbellatus mycelia ) induces apoptosis by increasing intracellular calcium levels and activating JNK and NADPH oxidase-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species. (springer.com)
  • Jacobson MD. Reactive oxygen species and programmed cell death. (springer.com)
  • Miyajima, A, Nakashima J, Yoshioka K. Role of reactive oxygen species in cis-dichlorodiammineplatium-induced cytotoxicity on bladder cancer cells. (springer.com)
  • Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in NTDT patients is caused by 2 major mechanisms. (hindawi.com)
  • Oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species (generated by free globin chains and labile plasma iron) is believed to be one of the main contributors to cell injury, tissue damage, and hypercoagulability in patients with thalassemia. (hindawi.com)
  • These 3 clinical entities are the ones suggested such that reactive oxygen species are an integral player in the development of disease specific complications. (hindawi.com)
  • The sudden injection of highly reactive free oxygen, toxic to the then-mostly anaerobic biosphere, may have caused the extinction of many existing organisms on Earth - then mostly archaeal colonies that used retinal to utilize green-spectrum light energy and power a form of anoxygenic photosynthesis (see Purple Earth hypothesis ). (wikipedia.org)
  • Antioxidant intervention is considered to inhibit reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alleviate hyperglycemia. (elifesciences.org)
  • There is always a debate whether ROS (reactive oxygen species) could be a friend or foe. (elifesciences.org)
  • Molecules known as reactive oxygen species or ROS play vital roles in healthy cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • In response to reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione plays an important role in redox signaling by forming a disulfide bond with protein cysteine residues, known as glutathionylation. (thieme-connect.com)
  • The cell redox state was tested by glutathione (GSH) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. (nih.gov)
  • Oxidants (also called reactive oxygen species or free radicals) are continuously generated in our body, and we rely on sophisticated antioxidant systems to prevent them from causing damage. (otago.ac.nz)
  • If water stress is prolonged and/or severe, part of the energy supplied by incident photons may be redirected into processes that favor the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), leading to oxidative damage to plant tissues ( Jiang and Zhang, 2002 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Free Cu ions can therefore catalyze the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which may damage biomolecules. (chalmers.se)
  • This process also creates molecules called Reactive Oxygen Species, or ROS. (dietspotlight.com)
  • While factors such as nitric oxide modulate HPV, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been suggested to act as essential mediators in HPV. (ersjournals.com)
  • Phospholipases and Reactive Oxygen Species Derived Lipid Biomarkers in Healthy and Diseased Humans and Animals - A Focus on Lysophosphatidylcholine. (fbn-dummerstorf.de)
  • These are responsible for clearing reactive oxygen species like peroxide from the cell. (thenakedscientists.com)
  • In this study, we have analyzed the effect of different cardioprotective complex II inhibitors on the mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) because ROS seem to be essential for signaling during preconditioning to prevent ischemia/reperfusion injury. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The evolution of angiosperm plants between 50 and 200 million years ago resulted in the development of many antioxidant pigments - particularly during the Jurassic period - as chemical defences against reactive oxygen species that are byproducts of photosynthesis . (wikipedia.org)
  • [9] Research into how vitamin E prevents the process of lipid peroxidation led to the identification of antioxidants as reducing agents that prevent oxidative reactions, often by scavenging reactive oxygen species before they can damage cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • The higher the metal in the series, the more reactive it is and you usually observe a more vigorous - faster and more exothermic (heat releasing) reaction with oxygen, water or an acid. (docbrown.info)
  • Activation of apoptosis signaling pathways is tightly linked with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). (cdc.gov)
  • Recent advances have uncovered the non-random distribution of 7, 8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoGua) induced by reactive oxygen species, which is believed to have epigenetic effects. (lu.se)
  • Differences between reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense system unbalance the redox status. (bvsalud.org)
  • 2011). Larger quantities of free radicals (reactive disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases, and oxygen species [ROS]) present in the cigarette cancer (WHO, 2012). (bvsalud.org)
  • These free radicals, known as reactive oxygen species, have low molecular weight and are able to denaturize proteins 3-4 , creating porosities on the enamel structure that can permit the diffusion through the organic matrix of dentine 5-7 . (bvsalud.org)
  • Fe 2+ may also be toxic to organisms, since it can promote the generation of highly reactive oxygen species that are capable of causing severe damage to proteins and nucleic acids. (lu.se)
  • The in vitro effects of metronidazole on the production of reactive oxygen species by polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells were studied by means of nitroblue tetrazolium and luminol-dependent chemiluminescence. (who.int)
  • At therapeutic doses of metronidazole (4.98-24.86 μg/mL) significant inhibition of the production of reactive oxygen species was noted in both methods. (who.int)
  • The data suggest a scavenging mechanism of metronidazole on reactive oxygen species generated by PMN. (who.int)
  • In lung tissue, lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase activity and reduced glutathione were all increased by WPS exposure. (who.int)
  • In contrast, antioxidant intervention achieved a low-level redox balance by inhibiting oxidative stress. (elifesciences.org)
  • Small positive associations were observed between FORT-cortisol (ES = 0.36 ± 0.35), FORD-flight time, FORD reactive strength index modified and FORD-soreness (0.37-0.41), oxidative stress index concentric impulse (ES = 0.37 ± 0.28), and with soreness-concentric impulse, soreness-flight time, and soreness reactive strength index modified (0.33-0.59). (humankinetics.com)
  • Photograph generation is a series of reactions triggered by redox reactions that transform silver halide into metallic silver. (fujifilm.com)
  • Cu ions can undergo redox reactions, switching between the +1 and +2 oxidation states. (chalmers.se)
  • The basic reaction types are: addition reactions, elimination reactions, substitution reactions, pericyclic reactions, rearrangement reactions and redox reactions. (conceptdraw.com)
  • Iron is an essential part of prosthetic groups such as heme and iron-sulphur clusters, which are involved in various redox reactions of central importance for life. (lu.se)
  • Exogenous Melatonin Alleviates Cold Stress by Promoting Antioxidant Defense and Redox Homeostasis in Camellia sinensis L. (mdpi.com)
  • Antioxid Redox Signaling. (degruyter.com)
  • These results indicate that the AMPK signaling activation, combined with oxidative damage markers, could act as sentinel biomarkers, reflecting the threshold of redox balance that is linked to effective glucose control in diabetes. (elifesciences.org)
  • Redox signaling is a dynamic and concerted orchestra of interconnected cellular pathways. (elifesciences.org)
  • 1 Redox Regulation of Cell Signaling and Its Clinical Application. (thieme-connect.com)
  • This breakthrough product boasts of containing active redox signaling molecules, a significant game-changer for enhancing cell-to-cell communication and optimizing cellular function. (dietspotlight.com)
  • This transformation is attributed to the magic of redox signaling. (dietspotlight.com)
  • In essence, ASEA Redox stands alone in the marketplace as the sole supplement infused with active redox signaling molecules. (dietspotlight.com)
  • Produced through an innovative, patented procedure, this supplement transforms molecules of natural salt and purified water into these dynamic redox signaling molecules, a phenomenon that's both fascinating and beneficial. (dietspotlight.com)
  • What is Redox Signaling? (dietspotlight.com)
  • To understand what Asea is all about, we need to examine their claims of redox signaling closely. (dietspotlight.com)
  • When redox signaling is activated in small airway epithelial cells, the DNA repair function of OGG1 is repurposed to transmit acute inflammatory signals accompanied by cell state transitions and modification of the extracellular matrix. (lu.se)
  • They are intermediates in the redox behavior of O2, which is central to fuel cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • To achieve this, it is critical that the pathways and reactive intermediates of the photoreactions and the structures of the final photolysis products be known in detail. (europa.eu)
  • These issues can determine the relative stability of short-lived reactive intermediates, which usually directly determine the path of the reaction. (conceptdraw.com)
  • Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] compounds are redox cycling environmental carcinogens that induce apoptosis as the primary mode of cell death. (cdc.gov)
  • Cells contain a thiol redox regulatory network to coordinate metabolic and developmental activities with exogenous and endogenous cues. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • Reversible cysteine modifications allow for potential redox regulation of proteins. (hindawi.com)
  • This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [Grant SFB 815 Redox-Regulation, Project A2]. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Changes to insulin sensitivity in glucose clearance systems and redox following dietary supplementation with a novel cysteine-rich protein: A pilot randomized controlled trial in humans with type-2 diabetes. (otago.ac.nz)
  • Cysteines often form part of active sites, allowing for the protein to be switched on or off depending on redox state. (hindawi.com)
  • Thus, reversible cysteine modifications can influence protein activity and the relative quantification of the status of the thiol can potentially provide valuable insights into protein activity where the protein exists in a range of redox states. (hindawi.com)
  • A subclass of PRX molecules undergo an oxidation/reduction, also known as a "redox" reaction, with a regular cycle. (thenakedscientists.com)
  • You should also note that a more reactive metal will displace a less reactive metal from one of its compounds. (docbrown.info)
  • This network controls the redox state and activity of many target proteins. (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • Electrons are fed into the network from metabolism and reach the target proteins via redox transmitters such as thioredoxin (TRX) and NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductases (NTR). (uni-bielefeld.de)
  • Our method allows for the identification of the proteins, identification of redox-sensitive cysteines within proteins, and quantification of the redox status of individual cysteine-containing peptides. (hindawi.com)
  • This is especially important in reference to redox proteins that contain thiol switches susceptible to activation or inactivation. (hindawi.com)
  • Cysteine is the most important redox-responsive amino acid within proteins largely due to the wide range of oxidation states that sulfur can occupy-so called, "sulfur switches" [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Redox proteomics has taken advantage of the thiol specificity of ICAT reagents not only to identify targets of ROS but also to quantify oxidative thiol modifications in individual proteins. (hindawi.com)
  • The more reactive a metal, the more easily it loses electrons to form a positive ion, an electron loss is a process called oxidation. (docbrown.info)
  • e.g. sodium loses its outer electron much more easily than iron loses two of its outer electrons, consequently, sodium is a much more reactive metal than iron. (docbrown.info)
  • A largish atom like potassium is very reactive because the single outer electron is readily lost in reacting with water of acids - the potassium ion formation and change in electronic structure is shown below. (docbrown.info)
  • Metronidazole, being electron-affinic, can accept an electron from neutral free radical centres to generate a reactive cation that binds to an anion such as hydroxyl (OH-), causing a permanent lesion. (who.int)
  • Instant cameras include a photo generation mechanism inside a small card, and are a mixture of redox control technologies developed over extensive experience with photographic technology. (fujifilm.com)
  • The exact redox mechanism of these two different approaches remains largely unclear. (elifesciences.org)
  • We propose application of iTRAQ reagents in combination with a previous thiol selection method to relatively quantify the redox state of cysteines both within and between samples in a single analysis. (hindawi.com)
  • Application of redox mediators to accelerate the transformation of reactive azo dyes in anaerobic bioreactors. (wur.nl)
  • This volume is intended to provide a useful reference source and a picture of the present status of the chemistry, geochemistry and mineralogy of redox-reactive materials. (geoscienceworld.org)
  • The reactivity series of metals is an important concept in chemistry and has implications for corrosion chemistry and its prevention, metal extraction, storage of reactive metals. (docbrown.info)
  • Hydrogen peroxide is not nearly as reactive as these species, but is readily activated and is thus included. (wikipedia.org)
  • A smallish atom like magnesium is not quite as reactive because the two outer electrons are not as easily lost in reacting with water or acids - the magnesium ion formation and change in electronic structure is shown below. (docbrown.info)
  • Overall, our results illustrate that both exercise and antioxidant intervention improve blood glucose control in diabetes by promoting redox balance, despite different levels of redox state(s). (elifesciences.org)
  • Utilizing the in-vitro studies as well as rats models, this manuscript illustrates the different regulatory mechanisms of exercise and antioxidant intervention on redox balance/redox state(s) that are linked to improved glucose control and thereby effective management of diabetes. (elifesciences.org)
  • The properties and applications of five classes of redox-reactive materials are summarized: zero-valent metals, mixed-valence iron oxyhydroxides, Fe-bearing clays, mixed-valence manganese oxides and titanium and zinc oxides. (geoscienceworld.org)
  • We combine nanoconfined double-ring electrodes, supporting high efficiency redox cycling, with zero-mode waveguides to yield a new kind LoC device. (selectbiosciences.com)
  • To counter high ROS levels, cells have antioxidant mechanisms that reduce the excess ROS in the cell and keep the 'redox' (from reduction and oxidation) balance of the cell. (elifesciences.org)
  • This enabled them to sample the cells every 4 hours, and confirm that the redox cycle did indeed take around 24 hours. (thenakedscientists.com)
  • Examples and case studies that demonstrate the significant role of these reactive materials in water-treatment processes are also provided. (geoscienceworld.org)
  • This chapter reviews the potential use of redox-reactive minerals as reactive media in environmental cleanup technologies especially in the removal of arsenic, nitrate, persistent organic pollutants and pathogenic microbes. (geoscienceworld.org)
  • ASEA Redox, a pioneering supplement in the health and wellness sector, focuses on revolutionizing cellular health. (dietspotlight.com)
  • Here, by comparing exercise and antioxidant intervention on type 2 diabetic rats, we found moderate exercise upregulated compensatory antioxidant capability and reached a higher level of redox balance in the liver. (elifesciences.org)
  • Peeling back the layers of ASEA Redox, you'll find its composition surprisingly simple: pure distilled water and sodium chloride. (dietspotlight.com)