Reactions acyl coa dehydrogenase enzyme. Medical search. Frequent questions

Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency, Very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD) deficiency), amino acid disorders (e.g. (luriechildrens.org)
EC 1.3.8.1 , short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, EC 1.3.8.8, medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and EC 1.3.8.9 , very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase. (enzyme-database.org)
Moreover, the FAO enzyme very-long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase physically interacted with TFP, thereby creating a multifunctional energy protein complex. (oroboros.at)

Structure of the transition state analog of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase. (rcsb.org)
The flavoenzyme medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) eliminates the alpha-proton of the substrate analog, 3-thiaoctanoyl-CoA (3S-C8-CoA), to form a charge-transfer complex with deprotonated 3S-C8-CoA. (rcsb.org)

Acyl CoA Synthetase: What is it/What does it do? (flashcardmachine.com)
Then, bile acyl-CoA synthetase teams up with 3a,7a-dihydroxycoprostanic acid to create 3a,7a-dihydroxy-5b-cholestanoyl-CoA. (smpdb.ca)

Ikeda, Y., Ikeda, K.O. and Tanaka, K. Purification and characterization of short-chain, medium-chain, and long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenases from rat liver mitochondria. (enzyme-database.org)
The glycolate cycle is thought to bring about the formation of the amino acids-glycine and serine-from the non-phosphorylated intermediates of photosynthetic carbon reduction cycle, i.e., glycerate to serine, or glycolate to glycine and serine in a sequence of reactions which involve chloroplasts, peroxisomes, mitochondria and cytosol. (exama2z.in)
Regulation of the intramitochondrial free CoA also is affected, with accumulation of acyl-CoA esters in the mitochondria. (medscape.com)
In the mitochondria of the cell, sterol 26-hydroxylase converts 3a,7a-dihydroxy-5b-cholestane to 3a,7a,26-trihydroxy-5b-cholestane, which is then converted to 3a,7a-dihydroxy-5b-cholestan-26-al by the same enzyme used in the previous reaction. (smpdb.ca)
Revisiting 7a-hydroxy-cholestene-3-one, the second chain of reactions it is involved in follows a similar path as the first, moving through the mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and peroxisome until choloyl-CoA is formed, which then is used in three reactions so that its derivatives may leave the cell to interact with intestinal microflora and become taurodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid glycine conjugate and deoxycholic acid. (smpdb.ca)
These components of the pathway occur in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, although 2 enzymes, 25-hydroxycholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase and sterol 26 hydroxylase, are found in the mitochondria. (smpdb.ca)

Hauge, J.G., Crane, F.L. and Beinert, H. On the mechanism of dehydrogenation of fatty acyl derivatives of coenzyme A. III. (enzyme-database.org)
First, acyl adenylate (acyl-AMP) is formed and in the second phase AMP is exchanged for coenzyme A . (wikilectures.eu)
Coenzyme A (CoA, CoASH, or HSCoA) is a coenzyme, notable for its role in the synthesis and oxidization of fatty acids, and the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle. (dadamo.com)
The main function of coenzyme A is to carry acyl groups (such as the acetyl group) or thioesters. (dadamo.com)
A molecule of coenzyme A carrying an acetyl group is also referred to as acetyl-CoA. (dadamo.com)
24 pyruvate dehydrogenase has the coenzyme TPP (thiamin pyrophosphate) incorporated into it, 24 dihydrolipoyl transacetylase has lipoate and coenzyme A, and 12 dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase has the coenzymes FAD and NAD+. (dadamo.com)
Through a complex reaction, pyruvate is decarboxylated and turned into acetaldehyde, then attached to coenzyme A while NAD+ is subsequently reduced to NADH and H+. (dadamo.com)
Fqo can be hypothesized to be operative during sulfate reduction with CO. The Fqo complex receives electrons from the reduced coenzyme F 420 (F 420 H 2 ), generated from the oxidative acetyl-CoA pathway, and transfers electrons to the membrane-bound respiratory chain by the reduction of menaquinone [ 16 - 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
The expression levels of LPIN1-target genes [peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors delta and alpha (PPARδ, PPARα), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase, very long (ACADVL), carnitine palmitoyltransferase IB and 2 (CPT1B and CPT2)] were not affected while lipin-2 protein level, a closely related member of the family, was increased. (nih.gov)
The lysosomal membranes that separate those digestive enzymes from the rest of the cell contain relatively high concentrations of coenzyme Q 10 . (oregonstate.edu)
Carnitine binds acyl residues and helps in their elimination, decreasing the number of acyl residues conjugated with coenzyme A (CoA) and increasing the ratio between free and acylated CoA. (medscape.com)
Moreover, rare inborn errors of metabolism, such as glutaric acidemia type 1 or multiple acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) dehydrogenase deficiencies (MADD), in which there is a defect in the formation of riboflavin-dependent enzymes, or Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome, in which there is a defect in a riboflavin transporter. (statpearls.com)
To be available for TAG synthesis, carbons from sucrose must first be converted to pyruvate through cytosolic or plastidic glycolytic pathways and at some point be imported into the plastid to yield acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) which feeds fatty acid (FA) synthesis with carbon backbones. (biomedcentral.com)
Peroxisomal acyl coenzyme A oxidase 2 converts 3a,7a-dihydroxy-5b-cholestanoyl-CoA into 3a,7a-dihydoxy-5b-cholest-24-enoyl-CoA. (smpdb.ca)
These are acyl CoAs where the group acylated to the coenzyme A moiety is a long aliphatic chain of 13 to 21 carbon atoms. (ymdb.ca)

We examined the enzyme protein and biosynthesis of human trifunctional protein harboring enoyl-CoA hydratase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase activity in cultured skin fibroblasts from two patients with long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. (rhea-db.org)
The diminution of trifunctional protein was associated with a decreased activity of enoyl-CoA hydratase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase, when measured using medium-chain to long-chain substrates. (rhea-db.org)

Peroxisomes of plant leaves contain catalaze together with the enzymes of glycolate pathway, as glycolate oxidase, glutamate glyoxylate, serine-glyoxylate and aspirate-a-ketoglutarate aminotransferases, hydroxyl pyruvate reductase and malic dehydrogenase. (exama2z.in)

The CdhAB-2 combines with acetyl-CoA synthase (ACS) [ 10 ] and operates in the acetyl-CoA pathway for complete oxidation of lactate to CO 2 [ 12 , 13 ]. (hindawi.com)

Deficiency in ETF dehydrogenase causes the human genetic disease multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. (wikipedia.org)
Deficiency of ETF-QO results in a disorder known as glutaric acidemia type II (also known as MADD for multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency), in which there is an improper buildup of fats and proteins in the body. (wikipedia.org)
Researchers have identified more than 10 ACADSB gene mutations in people with short/branched chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SBCAD) deficiency. (medlineplus.gov)
With a shortage (deficiency) of normal enzyme activity, the body is unable to break down isoleucine properly. (medlineplus.gov)
Taken together, the results obtained show that in both patients, long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency is caused by an abnormality in the trifunctional protein, even though there is a heterogeneity in both patients. (rhea-db.org)
Deficiency of SBCAD leads to accumulation of its substrate, 2-methylbutyryl-CoA within the mitochondrion. (hmdb.ca)
17883863 ). 2-methylbutyrylglycine has also been found in the urine of patients with propionyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency after consuming isoleucine. (hmdb.ca)

This complex can simulate the metastable reaction intermediate immediately after the alpha-proton elimination of a substrate and before the beta-hydrogen transfer as a hydride, and is therefore regarded as a transition-state analog. (rcsb.org)
Comparison of the stability and substrate specificity of purified peroxisomal 3-oxoacyl-CoA thiolases A and B from rat liver. (rhea-db.org)
a) Enzymes that catalyse the removal of hy-drogen from a substrate but use only oxy-gen as a hydrogen acceptor to form water as a reaction product (with the exception of uricase and monoamine oxidase which form H 2 O 2 ). (biologydiscussion.com)
the substrate typically catalyzed by the enzyme might accumulate to toxic levels. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
VLCAD is a homodimer containing a FAD cofactor that is the first step in the mitochondrial matrix for oxidation of the acyl-CoA substrate. (oroboros.at)

Fatty acids represent a rich source of energy for gluconeogenesis , but glucose is not formed from their carbon atoms (with the exception of fatty acids with an odd number of C). Acetyl-CoA cannot be converted to either pyruvate or oxaloacetate - both carbons are split off as CO 2 during the Krebs cycle . (wikilectures.eu)
The pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction is irreversible. (wikilectures.eu)
However, photoreduced Dld2 was rapidly reoxidized by oxygen, suggesting that the reaction products, that is, α-ketoglutarate and pyruvate, 'lock' the reduced enzyme in an unreactive state. (elsevierpure.com)
The conversion of pyruvate into acetyl-CoA is referred to as the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Reaction. (dadamo.com)
It is catalyzed by an enzyme-complex called pyruvate dehydrogenase. (dadamo.com)
The enzyme consists of 60 subunits: 24 pyruvate dehydrogenase, 24 dihydrolipoyl transacetylase, and 12 dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (commonly denoted E1, E2, and E3). (dadamo.com)

Each chemical reaction of metabolism is like a component on a circuit board. (luriechildrens.org)
Normally, acetyl-CoA from fatty acid metabolism feeds into the citric acid cycle, contributing to the cell's energy supply. (dadamo.com)
However, the excretion of certain acyl glycines is increased in several inborn errors of metabolism, such as propionic acidemia. (hmdb.ca)
Cellular metabolism consists of numerous interconnected pathways that are catalyzed by enzymes in a series of stepwise biochemical reactions. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Cellular metabolism, involving the synthesis and breakdown of complex organic molecules, requires harmonious coordination of the various enzymes, biochemical reactions, and so forth. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
The instructions for building nearly all the enzymes involved in metabolism are stored as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the nucleus of the cell. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
In 1908, physician Sir Archibald Garrod coined the term "inborn errors of metabolism" to suggest that defects in specific biochemical pathways were due to an inadequate supply or a lack of a given enzyme. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
inborn errors of metabolism are caused by mutant genes that produce abnormal enzymes whose function is altered. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Transcriptome sequencing revealed that all homologs induced the same general patterns with a drastic shift in gene expression profiles of leaves from that of a typical source tissue to a source-limited sink-like tissue: Transcripts encoding enzymes for plastid uptake and metabolism of phosphoenolpyruvate, fatty acid and oil biosynthesis were up-regulated, as were also transcripts encoding starch degradation. (biomedcentral.com)
A dramatic decrease in the use of aspirin among children, in combination with the identification of medication reactions, toxins, and inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) that present with Reye syndrome-like manifestations, have made the diagnosis of Reye syndrome exceedingly rare. (medscape.com)

We found that the FAO trifunctional protein (TFP) interacts with the NADH-binding domain of complex I of the ETC, whereas the electron transfer enzyme flavoprotein dehydrogenase interacts with ETC complex III. (oroboros.at)
The resulting acetyl-CoA molecules enter the Krebs cycle, generating additional carbon dioxide, ATP, and electron carriers (such as NADH and FADH2). (microbiologynote.com)

Acetyl CoA is generated from fatty acids through repeated beta-oxidation cycles. (msdmanuals.com)

β-oxidation - breaking down MK into acetyl~CoA, which enters the Krebs cycle , or ketone bodies are formed from it. (wikilectures.eu)
To make use of the energy available from the excess acetyl-CoA, ketone bodies are produced which can then circulate in the blood. (dadamo.com)

Individual types of fatty acid oxidation are indicated by Greek letters, which determine the carbon atom on which the reactions take place. (wikilectures.eu)
Special attention was paid to the up-regulated ACACB (acetyl-CoA carboxylase beta), a key enzyme in the fatty acid synthesis/oxidation balance. (nih.gov)
We demonstrated that overexpression of ACACB was associated with free fatty acid accumulation in patients' myoblasts whereas malonyl-carnitine (as a measure of malonyl-CoA) and CPT1 activity were in the normal range in basal conditions accordingly to the normal daily activity reported by the patients. (nih.gov)
This enzyme from Streptomyces collinus is specific for (E)-but-2- enoyl-CoA, and is proposed to provide butanoyl-CoA as a starter unit for straight-chain fatty acid biosynthesis. (expasy.org)
In higher plants, the microsomal oleate Δ12 -desaturase (fatty acid desaturase 2, FAD2) is a hydrophobic endoplasmic reticulum protein, catalyzing the reaction from monounsaturated oleic acid (C18:1) to polyunsaturated linoleic acid (C18:2) by introducing a double bond between the 12th and 13th carbon atoms of C18:1 [1]. (researchsquare.com)

One of several enzymes that catalyse the first step in fatty acids β-oxidation. (enzyme-database.org)
Enzymes catalyzing the so-called ω- and α-oxidation occur on the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum . (wikilectures.eu)
In view of the absence of client dehydrogenases, for example, the acyl-CoA dehydrogenases involved in the β-oxidation of fatty acids, d-lactate dehydrogenase 2 (Dld2) appeared to be the only relevant enzyme that is serviced by yETF for electron transfer to the mitochondrial electron transport chain. (elsevierpure.com)
Multiple CODHs are often present in carboxidotrophs potentially facilitating separate, CO oxidation and CO 2 -assimilation reactions [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
[ 12 ] The activity of key mitochondrial enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, β-oxidation, and the electron transport system, conversely, were unchanged, [ 12 ] leaving many unanswered questions regarding the effects of CR on muscle-specific mitochondrial function in humans. (medscape.com)

Electron-transferring-flavoprotein dehydrogenase (ETF dehydrogenase or electron transfer flavoprotein-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, EC 1.5.5.1) is an enzyme that transfers electrons from electron-transferring flavoprotein in the mitochondrial matrix, to the ubiquinone pool in the inner mitochondrial membrane. (wikipedia.org)
c) They are flavoprotein enzymes having FMN (flavin mononucleotide) or FAD (Flavin adenine dinucleotide) as pros-thetic groups. (biologydiscussion.com)
d) Many of the flavoprotein enzymes con-tain a metal for which they are known as metalloflavoprotein enzymes. (biologydiscussion.com)

Specifically, this enzyme helps with the third step of the process, performing a chemical reaction that converts a molecule called 2-methylbutyryl-CoA to another molecule, tiglyl-CoA. (medlineplus.gov)
Search chemical reactions in Rhea for this molecule. (rhea-db.org)
Acetyl-CoA is an important molecule itself. (dadamo.com)
Thus, 3-oxopalmitoyl-CoA is considered to be a fatty ester lipid molecule. (ymdb.ca)
3-oxopalmitoyl-CoA is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral. (ymdb.ca)

The enzyme from pig liver can accept substrates with acyl chain lengths of 6 to at least 16 carbon atoms. (enzyme-database.org)
In the liver, when levels of circulating fatty acids are high, the production of acetyl-CoA from fat breakdown exceeds the cellular energy requirements. (dadamo.com)
an enzyme defective within a particular organ or tissue, such as the liver , muscle , or brain , might lead to low energy production or prevent transport to the part of the body requiring energy. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Testing the model's ability to predict palmitoyl-CoA and octanoyl-CoA dehydrogenation in human liver lysate, with and without anti-MCAD and anti-VLCAD antibodies. (fairdomhub.org)
This pathway occurs in the liver, beginning with cholesterol being converted to 7a-hydroxycholesterol through the enzyme cholesterol-7-alpha-monooxygenase, after being transported into the liver cell. (smpdb.ca)
The first, continuing in the liver, uses the enzyme 3-oxo-5-beta-steroid-4-deydrogenase to become 7a-hydroxy-5b-cholestan-3-one. (smpdb.ca)
The degradation of L-lysine happens in liver and it is consisted of seven reactions. (smpdb.ca)

The ACADSB gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called short/branched chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SBCAD, also known as 2-methylbutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase), which plays an important role in processing proteins. (medlineplus.gov)
What happens if you lack the proteins to transport Acyl-Coa into the matrix? (flashcardmachine.com)
Here, we report the biochemical properties of yETF and Dld2 as well as the electron transfer reaction between the two proteins. (elsevierpure.com)
A metabolic disorder is any disease or disorder that negatively affects the biochemical reactions through which individual animal cells process nutrient molecules (such as the components of carbohydrates , proteins , and fats ) to yield energy or perform the functions necessary to sustain life (such as building complex molecules and creating cellular structure). (newworldencyclopedia.org)
GapMind searches the predicted proteins for candidates by using ublast (a fast alternative to protein BLAST) to find similarities to characterized proteins or by using HMMer to find similarities to enzyme models (usually from TIGRFams ). (lbl.gov)
Candidates for each step are identified by using ublast (a fast alternative to protein BLAST) against a database of manually-curated proteins (most of which are experimentally characterized) or by using HMMer with enzyme models (usually from TIGRFam ). (lbl.gov)
Enzymes and other proteins use ATP to power reactions, maintain ion gradients across membranes, contract muscle fibers, and transport molecules across cellular membranes. (microbiologynote.com)

In photorespiration, glycolic acid (glycolate), a two-carbon product of photosynthesis is released from chloroplasts and oxidized into and H 2 O 2 by a peroxisomal enzyme called glycolic acid oxidase. (exama2z.in)
g) This enzyme system contains copper, a component of several oxidase enzymes. (biologydiscussion.com)
It is produced by the actions of the enzyme lysyl oxidase in the extracellular matrix and is essential in the crosslink formation that stabilizes collagen and elastin. (hmdb.ca)
D-Amino acid oxidase (DAAO) is one of the main enzymes that metabolize D-Amino acids via deamination. (smpdb.ca)

With the help of water, peroxisomal multifunctional enzyme type 2 turns 3a,7a-dihydoxy-5b-cholest-24-enoyl-CoA into 3a,7a,24-trihydoxy-5b-cholestanoyl-CoA. (smpdb.ca)
This compound then uses peroxisomal multifunctional enzyme type 2 to create chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA. (smpdb.ca)

Problems with just one enzyme in a pathway can lead to a metabolic disorder. (luriechildrens.org)
In the absence of electron acceptor, downregulation of F 420 H 2 dependent steps of the acetyl-CoA pathway is linked to transient formate generation. (hindawi.com)
An analysis of the genome and its transcriptome revealed enzymes with biotechnological potential, such as two extracellular tannases (Atan1p and Atan2p) of the tannic-acid catabolic route, and a new pathway for the assimilation of n-butanol via butyric aldehyde and butyric acid. (biomedcentral.com)
We found significant dysregulation of genes encoding drug-metabolizing enzymes and stress response components of the NRF2- mediated oxidative damage pathway, potentially representing key genes in African-American esophageal squamous carcinogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)

Furthermore, it contributes an acetyl group to choline to produce acetylcholine, in a reaction catalysed by choline acetyltransferase. (dadamo.com)

The mutation of a single gene results in an alternation in the ability of the cell to carry out a single primary chemical reaction. (newworldencyclopedia.org)

a long-chain acyl-CoA = an acyl-CoA thioester where the acyl chain contains 13 to 22 carbon atoms. (enzyme-database.org)
The ζ-methyl group of MeLys is bound to the enzyme via carbon-oxygen hydrogen bonds that play a key role in catalysis. (nature.com)
Growth on CO requires the enzyme carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (CODH) that catalyzes the reversible conversion between CO and CO 2 . (hindawi.com)

Many of the ACADSB gene mutations replace one of the amino acids in the SBCAD enzyme with an incorrect amino acid. (medlineplus.gov)
However, we previously demonstrated that the grisemycin (grm) cluster contained cryptic dehydratase and epimerase genes by heterologous expression of this biosynthetic gene cluster in Streptomyces lividans and proposed that two genes (grmH and grmL) with unknown functions catalyze dehydration and epimerization reactions. (hokudai.ac.jp)
Therapies may include a restrictive diet, dietary supplements, and toxin-removal procedures, as well as enzyme replacement, gene transfer, or organ transplantation. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Each biochemical reaction is under the ultimate control of a different single gene. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
In higher plants, FAD2 gene encodes the microsomal oleate Δ12-desaturase, one of the key enzymes essential for biosynthesis of polyunsaturated lipids that serve many important functions in plant development and stress responses. (researchsquare.com)

The crystalline complex was obtained by co-crystallizing MCAD in the oxidized form with 3S-C8-CoA. (rcsb.org)

The SBCAD enzyme helps break down a particular amino acid called isoleucine. (medlineplus.gov)

Additional chemical reactions convert tiglyl-CoA into molecules that are used for energy. (medlineplus.gov)
in the absence of a particular enzyme, the abnormal or unregulated synthesis of complex molecules might result. (newworldencyclopedia.org)

Catalyzes the reaction in the reverse direction. (expasy.org)

The following points highlight the five main enzymes involved in oxidative process. (biologydiscussion.com)

The enzyme from rat can accept substrates with C 8 -C 22 . (enzyme-database.org)
The 3-hydroxy-acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity with medium-chain to long-chain substrates was decreased drastically, with minor changes in activities of the two other enzymes. (rhea-db.org)
Here, by predicting the aromatics catabolic pathways in ANME metagenome-assembled genomes, we provide genomic and biochemical evidences that ANME have the potential of metabolizing aromatics via the strategy of CoA activation of the benzene ring using phenylacetic acid and benzoate as the substrates. (bvsalud.org)

This is achieved through a chain of many different chemical reactions. (luriechildrens.org)
The arrangement between the flavin ring and deprotonated 3S-C8-CoA is consistent with a charge transfer interaction with the negatively charged acyl-chain of 3S-C8-CoA as an electron donor stacking on the pyrimidine moiety of the flavin ring as an electron acceptor. (rcsb.org)
i) It is the only one in the chain which signi-fies the irreversible reaction. (biologydiscussion.com)
Sets of 4 enzymes (an acyl dehydrogenase, a hydratase, a hydroxyacyl dehydrogenase, and a lyase) specific for different chain lengths (very long chain, long chain, medium chain, and short chain) are required to catabolize fatty acids completely. (msdmanuals.com)
3-oxopalmitoyl-CoA, also known as 3-oxohexadecanoyl-CoA, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as long-chain 3-oxoacyl coas. (ymdb.ca)
Palmityl-CoA, also known as palmitoyl CoA or CoA, palmitoyl, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as long-chain fatty acyl coas. (ymdb.ca)
In a subset of individuals, a muscle biopsy was performed for transcriptional profiling via quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and microarrays. (medscape.com)

2-Methylbutyrylglycine is an acyl glycine. (hmdb.ca)
This substance is transesterified with glycine by the mitochondrial enzyme acyl-CoA glycine-N-acyltransferase (glycine-N-acylase) to form 2-methylbutyryl glycine. (hmdb.ca)
Here, we report a noncanonical FAD-dependent enzyme Orf1 that adds a glycine-derived N-formimidoyl group to glycinothricin to form the antibiotic BD-12. (hokudai.ac.jp)
It is then transported back into intracellular space, where after its used in 3 different reactions, its derivatives interact with intestinal microflora in the extracellular space to become lithocholyltaurine, lithocholic acid glycine conjugate, and lithocholic acid. (smpdb.ca)

Through similar chemical reactions, the SBCAD enzyme also aids in the breakdown of other amino acids. (medlineplus.gov)

The enzyme is found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes and contains a flavin and FE-S cluster. (wikipedia.org)
The large stabilization energy by charge transfer probably plays an important role in determining the alignment of the flavin ring with 3S-C8-CoA. (rcsb.org)

The remarkable upregulation after 8 h and 24 h of many enzymes involved in the citric acid cycle might illustrate the cost of fighting off an infection. (biomedcentral.com)

The overall reaction catalyzed by ETF-QO is as follows: ETF-QO(red) + ubiquinone ↔ ETF-QO(ox) + ubiquinol Enzymatic activity is usually assayed spectrophotometrically by reaction with octanoyl-CoA as the electron donor and ubiquinone-1 as the electron acceptor. (wikipedia.org)

Catalytic heterogeneity of the mutant enzyme in two patients. (rhea-db.org)

This enzyme is used another time, to create 3a,7a-dihydroxycoprostanic acid. (smpdb.ca)
Allysine will be degraded to form aminoadipic acid through alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase. (smpdb.ca)

The entire sequence of transfer reactions is as follows: Acyl-CoA → Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase → ETF → ETF-QO → UQ → Complex III. (wikipedia.org)

Interestingly, plants also have two other enzymes that allow them to convert AcCoA to OAA, in the so-called glyoxylate cycle . (wikilectures.eu)

All ENZYME / UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot entries corresponding to 1.3.1. (expasy.org)

Metabolic disorders typically result when an enzyme necessary for some step in a metabolic process is missing or improperly constructed due to a genetic defect. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
This complex coordination can be disrupted through a genetic defect in an enzyme. (newworldencyclopedia.org)

Two ring-activating enzymes phenylacetate-CoA ligase (PaaKANME) and benzoate-CoA ligase (BadAANME) are able to convert phenylacetate to phenylacetyl-CoA and benzoate to benzoyl-CoA in vitro, respectively. (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy3

Organisms1

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs80

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment1

Phenomena and Processes10

Information Science3

Long-chain acyl-Co3

Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydroge2

Synthetase2

Mitochondria6

Coenzyme15

Enoyl-CoA hydra2

Reductase1

Synthase1

Deficiency7

Substrate5

Pyruvate6

Metabolism10

NADH2

Beta-oxidation1

Ketone bodies2

Fatty acid5

Oxidation5

Flavoprotein3

Molecule5

Liver7

Proteins7

Oxidase4

Peroxisomal2

Pathway4

Acetyl1

Chemical reaction1

Carbon3

Gene5

MCAD1

Isoleucine1

Molecules2

Catalyzes1

Oxidative1

Substrates3

CHAIN7

Glycine4

SBCAD1

Flavin2

Citric acid1

Electron acceptor1

Catalytic1

Acid2

Complex III1

Interestingly1

UniProtKB1

Defect2

Convert1