Rats adrenal medulla. Medical search. Frequent questions

in the adrenal cortex and medulla of rats and mice is characterized by focal to diffuse dilation of blood vessels (capillaries and/or veins). (nih.gov)
A site modifier (i.e., cortex or medulla) should be included in the diagnosis to indicate the location of the lesion. (nih.gov)
If it is present in both the cortex and medulla, the site modifier may be omitted and the location described in the pathology narrative. (nih.gov)
Adrenal gland, Cortex - Angiectasis in a male F344/N rat from a chronic study. (nih.gov)
There are widely dilated, blood-filled vascular channels (A) in the cortex of the adrenal gland. (nih.gov)
In the adrenal cortex, lesions are more frequent in the zona fasciculata and reticularis than in the zona glomerulosa. (qxmd.com)
The adrenal cortex produces steroid hormones with a 17-carbon nucleus following a series of hydroxylation reactions that occur in the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. (qxmd.com)
Toxic agents for the adrenal cortex include short-chain aliphatic compounds, lipidosis inducers, amphiphilic compounds, natural and synthetic steroids, and chemicals that affect hydroxylation. (qxmd.com)
The adrenal cortex response to injury is varied. (qxmd.com)
Chemically induced proliferative lesions are uncommon in the adrenal cortex. (qxmd.com)
Angiotensin II receptor subtypes and biological responses in the adrenal cortex and medulla. (aspetjournals.org)
In the Marmoset monkey, DARPP-32-LI was also observed in the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex. (cornell.edu)
It has been shown that dopamine and dopaminergic agonists inhibit catecholamine release from chromaffin cells and aldosterone secretion from cells in the adrenal cortex. (cornell.edu)
Spasojevic N., Jovanovic P., Stefanovic B ., Dronjak S. Influence of individual housing in the adult rats on catecholamine synthesis and storage in the right and left medial prefrontal cortex. (ac.rs)
The most relevant hormones for the neuroendocrine axis are the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and ß-endorphins, which stimulate the secretion of various endogenous substances, such as glucocorticoids, produced in the adrenal cortex, and noradrenaline and adrenaline, produced in the adrenal medulla and nerve endings 5-7 . (bvsalud.org)

2011. Wistar and Sprague Dawley rats. (nih.gov)
Deoxycorticosterone acetate salt (20 mg/kg, s.c.) was administered twice a week in male Wistar rats for 4 w with daily drinking water containing sodium chloride (1 %) and potassium chloride (0.2 %) to develop hypertension. (ijpsonline.com)
36 male Wistar rats (initial weight 120-130 g, initial age 2 months) were randomly divided into two groups: control (C) (n=18) and experimental (G) (n=18). (romj.org)
Female Wistar rats were exposed orally to 200 and 400 ppm propineb (Zn-containing dithiocarbamate) and 250 ppm maneb (Mn-containing dithiocarbamate), from the 6th day of gestation up to birth. (go.jp)
Rats wistar. (lookformedical.com)
A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. (lookformedical.com)
The acute oral toxicity of alkenes, C11 -15 (Internal Olefin 114 LP11) was investigated using two groups of four male and four female Wistar rats, age approximately 12 weeks. (europa.eu)
In the first study (Rinehart, 1967), groups of ten male albino Wistar rats were administered 0, 5000, or 10,000 mg/kg bw C12-16 alpha olefin blend. (europa.eu)
Thirty-six male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: Group I (Control, n=18): equally subdivided into: Subgroup Ia (Euthyroid), Subgroup Ib (Euthyroid- corn oil): received 1ml of corn oil and sacrificed after 2 and 6 weeks. (gavinpublishers.com)
The study included thirty-six, 7 weeks old Wistar male rats - weighting 70- 80 gms- purchased and housed in MASRI Center, Faculty of medicine, Ain Shams University. (gavinpublishers.com)

Differential expression of polycytosine-binding protein isoforms in adrenal gland, locus coeruleus and midbrain. (rochester.edu)
1990. Adrenal gland. (nih.gov)
Adrenal gland: Structure, function, and mechanisms of toxicity. (nih.gov)
The left adrenal gland was extracted and weighed (grams). (romj.org)
The adrenal gland is one of the most common endocrine organs affected by chemically induced lesions. (qxmd.com)
launch was evoked by both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and autocrine signaling by BDNF in Albaspidin AP the adrenal gland. (opioid-receptors.com)
Manifestation of TrkB mRNA and BDNF mRNA in adrenal gland during 60-min stress We further analyzed TrkB mRNA and BDNF mRNA manifestation in Albaspidin AP the adrenal glands during 60-min immobilization stress using RT-PCR. (opioid-receptors.com)
After 60 min of stress in the stress and stress+agonist organizations BDNF mRNA was markedly up-regulated in the adrenal gland when compared with the control group. (opioid-receptors.com)
Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of BDNF mRNA in adrenal gland during 60-min stress Brain-derived neurotrophic element mRNA levels in the adrenal gland were assayed using real-time PCR. (opioid-receptors.com)
Dopamine- and adenosine-3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP)-regulated phosphoprotein of 32 kDa (DARPP-32) in the adrenal gland: immunohistochemical localization. (cornell.edu)
The cellular localization of a dopamine- and adenosine-3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP)-regulated phosphoprotein of an apparent molecular weight of 32,000 (DARPP-32) was investigated in mouse, rat, rabbit, guinea pig, cat, monkey (Macaca fascicularis and Marmoset) and human adrenal gland by means of indirect immunofluorescence histochemistry. (cornell.edu)
The present results suggest that DARPP-32, an intracellular third messenger for dopamine, may be part of the signal transduction mechanism for dopamine acting on the adrenal gland. (cornell.edu)
Familial cases are often bilateral or multicentric within an individual adrenal gland. (medscape.com)

The adrenal medulla contains chromaffin cells (that produce epinephrine, norepinephrine, chromogranin, and neuropeptides) and ganglion cells. (qxmd.com)
Epinephrine released into bloodstream from the adrenal medulla in response to arousing experiences is a potent enhancer of learning and memory processing. (ecolowood.com)
2010 Appealing blood sugar augments training-initiated raises in acetylcholine launch in the hippocampus in both youthful and outdated rats but epinephrine which will not increase blood sugar amounts in outdated rats augments acetylcholine launch in youthful rats but can be much less effective in aged rats. (ecolowood.com)
Plasma epinephrine in chronically adrenodemedullated rats: lack of response to acute or chronic exercise. (consensus.app)
Chronically adrenodemedullated rats do not show a significant response to acute exercise or physical training, suggesting extra-adrenal epinephrine secretion is not influenced by these factors. (consensus.app)
Even if it is well established that epinephrine is a hormone originating from the adrenal medullae, the reappearance of circulating epinephrine has been reported in rats a few days after adrenodemedullation. (consensus.app)
To verify if the extra-adrenal tissue responsible for this epinephrine production can be stimulated, sham-operated or adrenodemedullated rats, either trained or kept sedentary, were submitted to an acute exercise stimulation test. (consensus.app)
Blood sampling was done before and after the test in precannulated rats for the determination of plasma epinephrine, norepinephrine, and corticosterone levels. (consensus.app)
Basal epinephrine levels were significantly reduced in trained and sedentary adrenodemedullated rats compared with their sham-operated counterparts. (consensus.app)
In response to exercise, there was no significant rise in epinephrine levels in both groups of adrenodemedullated rats. (consensus.app)
These data indicate that the extra-adrenal epinephrine secretion that develops in the absence of adrenal medullae is not influenced by acute exercise nor by physical training. (consensus.app)
It truly is undoubtedly however, that the overactivation of your SNS, measured because the increase in plasmatic CAs (norepinephrine epinephrine) and in CAs (norepinephrine epinephrine) content with the adrenal medulla (Figure 3) plus the insulin resistance (Figure 4) noticed in hypercaloric animal models are prevented by surgical resection in the CSN. (translateinthetownships.com)
Effect of carotid sinus nerve resection on sympathetic nervous technique activity, measured as circulating catecholamines [norepinephrine (NE) epinephrine (Epi)] (A) and adrenal medulla catecholamines (NE Epi) content material (B), in handle, higher fat (HF) and highsucrose (HSu) diet plan rats. (translateinthetownships.com)

If angiectasis is seen in both adrenal glands, the modifier "bilateral" should be added to the diagnosis (lesions are assumed to be unilateral unless otherwise indicated). (nih.gov)
Aim of this study was to assess morphofunctional transformations in the adrenal glands of juvenile rats systematically exposed to +Gx acceleration. (romj.org)
Results ― Structural transformations found in adrenal glands are adaptive responses to stress and hemodynamic changes caused by systematic influence of gravitational overloads. (romj.org)
Increase of number of exposures to 45 leads to further stabilization of morphofunctional condition of adrenal glands. (romj.org)
One of the leading roles in the implementation of adaptive reactions of the body is played by the endocrine system and adrenal glands, in particular, which closely interacting with nervous and immune systems regulate metabolic and energy processes [7, 8]. (romj.org)
Meanwhile, in the literature there are practically no data on the effect of repeated gravitational overloads on the structural transformations occurring in the adrenal glands. (romj.org)
For microscopic analysis, the adrenal glands were fixed in 10% neutral formaldehyde, dehydrated in increasing concentrations of ethanol, cleared in xylene, and embedded in paraffin. (romj.org)
of tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB) and Brain-derived neurotrophic element (BDNF) mRNA manifestation in adrenal glands after 60-min stress. (opioid-receptors.com)
Once excited, the PVN produces the neuropeptide corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), which travels through the hypophyseal portal system and stimulates the adrenal and pituitary glands to produce many neurotransmitters. (bvsalud.org)

This was discovered via studying rat adrenal medulla cells (PC12 cells). (wikipedia.org)
PC12 is a cell line derived from a pheochromocytoma of the rat adrenal medulla. (signagen.com)
PC12, a cell line derived from a pheochromocytoma of the rat adrenal medulla, is used widely as a model for catecholaminergic transmission. (biomedcentral.com)

As the enkephalins are widely distributed neurotransmitters and neurohormones found in the brain, spinal cord, pituitary, adrenal medulla, autonomic nervous system, and gastrointestinal tract, changes in their concentration may influence many functions. (cdc.gov)
Scientific Background Synaptophysin is a 38 kDa glycoprotein present in the membranes of neuronal presynaptic vesicles in brain, spinal cord, retina, vesicles of adrenal medulla, neuromuscular junctions and endocrine cells. (biosensis.com)

Mechanisms of chromaffin cell proliferation in rats include excess growth hormone or prolactin, stimulation of cholinergic nerves, and diet-induced hypercalcemia. (qxmd.com)
Comparative studies of chromaffin cell proliferation in the adrenal medulla of rats and mice. (bu.edu)

Most studies located provided information on thyroid hormones, with fewer studies on anterior pituitary, adrenal medulla, ovaries, and testes. (cdc.gov)
The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is responsible for many body functions in mammals. (bvsalud.org)

The incidences of benign pheochromocytoma in 550 and 1100 mg/m3 male rats and benign or malignant pheochromocytoma exceeded the historical chamber control ranges, suggesting that exposure to Stoddard solvent IIC caused the increased incidences of these adrenal medulla neoplasms. (europa.eu)
The incidence of malignant pheochromocytoma was noted as 1 malignant tumor in control animals and 2 malignant tumors in 1100 mg/m3 male rats. (europa.eu)
However, the adrenal pheochromocytoma are not considered relevant to humans. (europa.eu)
The increased incidences of adrenal pheochromocytoma that occurred in male rats are rarely observed in humans and other animals (Nyska et al. (europa.eu)
Proliferative lesions of the medulla are common in the rat and include diffuse or nodular hyperplasia and benign and malignant pheochromocytoma. (qxmd.com)

Desensitization of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in neurons dissociated from adult rat hippocampus. (aspetjournals.org)
Systemic shots of blood sugar also enhance acetylcholine launch in the hippocampus when rats are qualified on the one-trial inhibitory avoidance job (Morris et al. (ecolowood.com)
Stefanovic B ., Spasojevic N., Jovanovic P., Jasnic N., Djordjevic J., Dronjak S. Melatonin mediated antidepressant-like effect in the hippocampus of chronic stress-induced depression rats: Regulating vesicular monoamine transporter 2 and monoamine oxidase A levels. (ac.rs)
Stefanovic B ., Spasojevic N., Jovanovic P., Ferizovic H., Dronjak S. Melatonin modulate the expression of α 1 and β 1 adrenoceptors in the hippocampus of rats subjected to unpredictable chronic mild stress. (ac.rs)

2011). α 2-Adrenoceptor-Mediated Inhibition of Catecholamine Release from the Adrenal Medulla of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats is Preserved in the Early Stages of Hypertension . (up.pt)
A strain of Rattus norvegicus used as a normotensive control for the spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR). (lookformedical.com)
The purpose of this study was to determine whether fimasartan, a newly created AT1 receptor blocker, make a difference the CA release in the isolated perfused style of the adrenal medulla of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). (techuniq.com)

Jovanovic P., Spasojevic N., Puskas N., Stefanovic B ., Dronjak S. Oxytocin modulates the expression of norepinephrine transporter, β 3 adrenoceptors and muscarinic M 2 receptors in the heart of socially isolated rats. (ac.rs)
Stefanovic B ., Spasojevic N., Jovanovic P., Dronjak S. Melatonin treatment affects changes in adrenal gene expression of catecholamine biosynthesizing enzymes and norepinephrine transporter in the rat model of chronic-stress-induced depression. (ac.rs)

These cells are popular because they are able to synthesize and release catecholamines in a similar manner as dopaminergic neurons and adrenal medullary chromaffin cells [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Ferizovic H., Spasojevic N., Stefanovic B. , Jankovic M., Dronjak S. The fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor URB597 modulates splenic catecholamines in chronically stressed female amd male rats. (ac.rs)
Jankovic M., Spasojevic N., Ferizovic H., Stefanovic B ., Dronjak S. Inhibition of the fatty acid amide hydrolase changes behaviors and brain catecholamines in a sex-specific manner in rats exposed to chronic unpredictable stress. (ac.rs)
The biosynthesis and storage of catecholamines in chromaffin cell tumors may differ from the biosynthesis and storage in the normal medulla. (medscape.com)

The term paraganglioma refers to any extra-adrenal or nonfunctional tumor of the paraganglion system, whereas functional tumors are referred to as extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas. (medscape.com)
Usually, extra-adrenal tumors (extra-adrenal pheochromocytomas or paragangliomas) are located in the abdomen along the sympathetic chain and constitute about 10% of sporadic cases. (medscape.com)

Possible effects on offspring from parental ethanol (64175) exposure were studied in male and female Sprague-Dawley-rats exposed at levels of 16000 and 10000 parts per million (ppm). (cdc.gov)
In the second key study, 10 fasted, male Sprague-Dawley rats received a single oral dose of undiluted oct-1-ene at 10,000 mg/kg after which the animals were observed for 14 days (Monrose, 1973). (europa.eu)

Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Codeine (CAS No. 76-57-3) in F344 Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Feed Studies). (nih.gov)
Stoddard solvent IIC - There was no evidence of carcinogenic activity of Stoddard solvent IIC in female F344/N rats or in B6C3F1 male mice exposed to 2200 mg/m3. (europa.eu)
Decalin - There was no evidence of carcinogenic activity of decalin in female F344/N rats or in B6C3F1 male mice exposed to 400ppm. (europa.eu)
Rats, Inbred F344. (bvsalud.org)

echolamine secretion and exocytosis kinetics was studied in perfused rat adrenals and in cultured bovine chromaffin echolamines. (drugstodaypdf.com)

Abdelaziz BA, Baher W, Hafez MS, El Ebiary FH (2019) Effect of Curcumin on the Plasticity of Inguinal Adipose Tissue in Experimental Model of Hypothyroidism in Rat: Histological Study. (gavinpublishers.com)
This study aimed to explore the effect of curcumin on the structure of inguinal adipose tissue in Propylthiouracil (PTU) induced hypothyroid rat model. (gavinpublishers.com)

Bovine adrenal medulla docosapeptide (BAM-22P) is a potent opioid agonist, derived from the proenkephalin A gene, which is present in the adrenal medulla. (watsonbio.com)

Dopamine-β-hydroxylase is an enzyme that is localized to catecholamine-containing vesicles in sympathetic nerves and the adrenal medulla, and is also found in the serum. (elsevierpure.com)

Neuromuscular abilities were similar to those in control rats. (cdc.gov)

Jovanovic P., Spasojevic N., Stefanovic B ., Bozovic N., Jasnic N., Djordjevic J., Dronjak S. Peripheral oxytocin treatment affects the rat adreno-medullary catecholamine content modulating expression of vesicular monoamine transporter 2. (ac.rs)
Jovanovic P., Stefanovic B ., Spasojevic N., Puskas N., Dronjak S. Effects of oxytocin on adreno-medullary catecholamine synthesis, uptake and storage in rats exposed to chronic isolation stress. (ac.rs)

It can also occur as a spontaneous age-related change in old rats and mice. (nih.gov)
An increased incidence of glioma in the brain and malignant schwannoma in the heart was found in the US National Toxicology Program (NTP) study on rats and mice. (spandidos-publications.com)
Recently, the US National Toxicology Program (NTP) released results on the toxicology and carcinogenicity of radiofrequency (RF) radiation in rats and mice, as further discussed below. (spandidos-publications.com)

Disposition in Fischer 344 rats following intravenous and oral administration. (cdc.gov)
In the first investigation, groups of fasted, male and female Fischer 344 rats (5/sex) were given a single oral dose of undiluted Neodene 8 Alpha Olefin (oct-1-ene) at 5.0 mL/kg via oral intubation (Wilborn, 1983). (europa.eu)
The present study assessed the effect of prolonged betamethasone use in ligature-induced periodontitis in adult Fischer-344 rats. (bvsalud.org)
Inbred Fischer rats have greater HPA activation. (bvsalud.org)
Inbred Fischer rats produce greater amounts of the abovementioned substances, which has a direct effect on the nervous, connective, and epithelial tissues of the periodontium, facilitating the progression of ligatureinduced periodontitis 7-9 . (bvsalud.org)

The assumption that in vivo bioavailability correlates with the in vitro bioaccessibility was verified in an in vivo blood kinetics study in rats, using three representative substances. (europa.eu)

In experiments we compared between undamaged rats and sham-operated rats in each group. (opioid-receptors.com)
Albaspidin AP In the control stress and stress+agonist organizations there were no significant variations between undamaged rats and sham-operated rats. (opioid-receptors.com)
Furthermore in the stress (adrenalectomy)+agonist group there were no significant variations between sham-operated rats and stress+agonist group (data not shown). (opioid-receptors.com)
There were no variations in manifestation between undamaged rats and sham-operated rats (data not demonstrated). (opioid-receptors.com)

Post-transcriptional regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase expression in adrenal medulla and brain. (rochester.edu)
Based on these observations, the dopamine neu- from dopamine neurons implanted into the brain pa- rons used for transplantation in these experiments renchyma with the goal of reinnervating the dener- were neuroblasts obtained from mid-trimester rat vated striatum.8,9 Rats with unilateral, 6-hydroxydo- fetuses. (lu.se)
Expression of tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB) a receptor for brain-derived neurotrophic element (BDNF) is markedly Albaspidin AP elevated in the adrenal medulla during immobilization stress. (opioid-receptors.com)
The VMAT2 antiserum was quality control tested using standard immunohistochemical methods in rat brain and adrenal medulla using biotin/avidin-HRP techniques. (newmarketscientific.com)
Western blot analysis of immunoprecipitated rat brain homogenates demonstrates a dense immunoreactive band of approximately 55 kD and a minor band of approximately 75 kD. (newmarketscientific.com)
This chapter reviews the developments in laboratory over the past two years using adrenal chromaffin cell implants and the evolution of the way in which the chromaffin cell transplants may interact with the host brain. (elsevierpure.com)

Freeze‐etch study of innervation of mesenteric arteries of rat. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
Impaired isoproterenol-induced hyperpolarization in isolated mesenteric arteries of aged rats. (lookformedical.com)

Angiectasis can be associated with or secondary to other adrenal lesions such as inflammation, atrophy, degeneration, and neoplasia. (nih.gov)
There often are species specificity and age dependence in the development of chemically induced adrenal lesions that should be considered when interpreting toxicity data. (qxmd.com)

Jovanovic P., Puskas N., Stefanovic B ., Spasojevic N., Dronjak S. Immunohistochemical detection and gene expression of tyrosine hydroxylase and vesicular monoamine transporter type 2 in intrinsic cardiac ganglia of socially isolated rats. (ac.rs)

Induction of tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA by nicotine in rat midbrain is inhibited by mifepristone. (rochester.edu)
Evidence for regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA translation by stress in rat adrenal medulla. (rochester.edu)
Nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are essential for the long-term response of tyrosine hydroxylase gene expression to chronic nicotine treatment in rat adrenal medulla. (rochester.edu)
Jovanovic P., Spasojevic N., Stefanovic B ., Dronjak S. Differential expression of tyrosine hydroxylase and transporters in the right and left stellate ganglion of socially isolated rats. (ac.rs)

Male rats exposed to 50 ppm of decalin had higher rates of tumors of the kidney. (europa.eu)
These male rat kidney tumors appears to have been associated with an alpha-2u-globulin mediated metabolism. (europa.eu)

Spasojevic N., Jovanovic P., Stanisavljevic D., Stefanovic B ., Dronjak S. Hypothalamic noradrenaline synthesis, uptake and storage in rats during adaptation to long-term individual housing. (ac.rs)
Dronjak S., Stefanovic B ., Jovanovic P., Spasojevic N., Jankovic M., Jeremic I., Hoffmann M. Altered cardiac gene expression of noradrenaline enzymes, transporter and β-adrenoceptors in rat model of rheumatoid arthritis. (ac.rs)

Adrenal pheochromocytomas are most often found on the right side and are sporadic, unilateral, and intra-adrenal. (medscape.com)

that chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla showed significantly improved TrkB mRNA and protein levels after 60 min of stress (Kondo hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). (opioid-receptors.com)

Posttranscriptional regulation of adrenal TH gene expression contributes to the maladaptive responses triggered by insulin-induced recurrent hypoglycemia. (rochester.edu)

The only remarkable change observed during necropsy was bilateral luminal dilation with clear fluid in the uterus of some treated females rats. (europa.eu)

Material and Methods ― Rats in the experimental group were exposed to transversely-directed gravitational overloads (9 G) produced by experimental centrifuge C-2/500 (three times, each time 3 minutes exposure with 30 seconds break between sets). (romj.org)
Methods 150 healthy male Wister rats were randomly divided into negative control group (Control group), remission control group (IPF group), acute exacerbation control group (BLM group), lipopolysaccharide low dose group (LPS-low group), lipopolysaccharide medium dose group (LPS-mid group), and lipopolysaccharide high dose group (LPS-high group). (alljournal.ac.cn)

Fig. 2 catecholamine levels after activation with tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB) indicated in the adrenal medulla after 60-min stress using TrkB agonist antibody. (opioid-receptors.com)

VMAT1 and VMAT2 were first identified in rats upon cloning cDNAs for proteins which gave non-amine accumulating recipient cells the ability to sequester monoamines. (wikipedia.org)
The histochemical antibody for Vesicular Monoamine Trnasporter 2 (VMAT2) is generated in a rabbit from a synthetic peptide corresponding to rat VMAT2 496-515 coupled to carrier protein. (newmarketscientific.com)
Synthetic peptide corresponding to rat VMAT2 496-515 coupled to carrier protein. (newmarketscientific.com)
Tissue staining is completely eliminated by pretreatment of the diluted antibody with an excess of rat VMAT2 peptide residues 496-515. (newmarketscientific.com)

The NOAEC for male rats was determined to be 138 mg/m3. (europa.eu)
This mechanism is specific to male rats and is not relevant to humans. (europa.eu)
In an acute oral toxicity study, groups of fasted Fisher 344 rats (5 male, 5 female) were given a single oral dose via gavage of hex-1-ene (Neodene 6) at doses of 0, 1000, 1800, 3200, or 5600 mg/kg bw and observed for 14 days (Albert et al. (europa.eu)
5.0 mL/kg (equivalent to 3575 mg/kg bw using a density of 0.7149 mg/cm3 for oct-1 -ene) in male and female rats. (europa.eu)
No animals died at the 5.0 mL/kg dose level, however two male rats died after receiving 10 mL/kg (females unaffected). (europa.eu)

In response to exercise, corticosterone levels increased significantly in each group of rats but to a lesser extent in both groups of adrenodemedullated animals. (consensus.app)
2) The W/ D value and lung coefficient of rats in LPS-low group, LPS-mid group and LPS-high group increased significantly, and acute pulmonary edema appeared. (alljournal.ac.cn)

The decrease is not due to an effect on the adrenal medulla or to an increase in circulating inhibitor or inhibitors of enzyme. (elsevierpure.com)

DARPP-32-like immunoreactivity (-LI) was demonstrated in chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla of rabbit, guinea-pig, cat, monkey and human, but not in mouse or rat. (cornell.edu)

Rats, Inbred WF are a strain of laboratory rats that are commonly used in medical research due to their consistent genetic makeup and susceptibility to various diseases. (lookformedical.com)

Anatomy13

Organisms4

Diseases8

Chemicals and Drugs27

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment4

Phenomena and Processes1

Cortex15

Wistar10

Gland13

Epinephrine13

Glands9

PC123

Spinal cord2

Chromaffin cell proliferation2

Pituitary2

Pheochromocytoma5

Hippocampus4

Hypertensive rats3

Norepinephrine2

Catecholamines4

Extra-adrenal2

Sprague Dawley2

F3444

Secretion1

Adipose tissue2

Bovine1

Vesicles1

Neuromuscular1

Medullary2

Mice3

Fischer5

Study in rats1

Sham-operated4

Brain6

Mesenteric arteries2

Lesions2

Immunohistochemical1

Tyrosine hydroxylase4

Tumors2

Noradrenaline2

Unilateral1

MRNA1

Responses1

Bilateral1

Methods2

Catecholamine1

VMAT24

Male5

Significantly2

Inhibitors1

Rabbit1

Strain1