• Chinese cabbage ( Brassica rapa L. ssp. (frontiersin.org)
  • Birdsrape Mustard ( Brassica rapa (=B. campestris) ) is a dicot weed in the Brassicaceae family. (weedscience.com)
  • Transgene escape and persistence in an agroecosystem: the case of glyphosate-resistant Brassica rapa L. in central Argentina. (weedscience.com)
  • Abstract Brassica rapa L. is an annual Brassicaceae species cultivated for oil and food production, whose wild form is a weed of crops worldwide. (weedscience.com)
  • We have probed that this Brassica rapa biotype has the Trp-574-Leu mutation in AHAS enzyme gene, as in other resistant weed cases (like Raphanus sativus from Argentina). (weedscience.com)
  • Fine mapping and identification of candidate Bo-or gene controlling orange head of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. (usda.gov)
  • Based on comparison of these two marker sequences with the fully sequenced Brassica rapa genome, the Br-or locus was delimited to a 16.7-kb genomic region. (usda.gov)
  • Brassica napus , B. oleracea and B. rapa are important crops worldwide. (confex.com)
  • DNA from 96 F2 lines was applied to the Brassica 60K Illumina single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping marker array and a genome scale SNP map was generated. (canolacouncil.org)
  • Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Warming-Related Genes in Brassica rapa ssp. (bvsalud.org)
  • Brassica rapa is a plant with many cultivated subspecies (cultivars) including turnip, napa cabbage, bomdong, bok choy and field mustard, to name a few. (dnazoo.org)
  • Brassica rapa Genome Sequencing Project Consortium, 2011. (dnazoo.org)
  • The genome of the mesopolyploid crop species Brassica rapa. (dnazoo.org)
  • Keywords Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Brassica rapa ssp. (molcells.org)
  • Using Arabidopsis PAP1/2 transcription factor(TF)nucleic acid and protein sequence alignment and Pfam verification to study the exact homologous copy number,evolutionary relationship and expression of PAP1/2 TFs regulating anthocyanin metabolism in Brassica plants such as Brassica rapa , B. oleracea and B. napus . (ahs.ac.cn)
  • Identification and Analysis of PAP1/2 Homologous Genes in Brassica rapa , B. oleracea and B. napus [J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2022, 49(6): 1301-1312. (ahs.ac.cn)
  • We have assessed whether the highly parallel Illumina GoldenGate® Genotyping Assay is suitable for the screening of a BAC library of the polyploid Brassica napus genome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The extant diploid Brassica species, such as Brassica rapa , Brassica oleracea and Brassica nigra are therefore characterised by a complex genome structure. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Brassica napus (AACC) is an amphidiploid species that was formed by hybridization of two Brassica species that diverged approximately 4 million years ago, Brassica rapa (AA) and Brassica oleracea (CC) [ 10 , 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Microcollinearity studies revealed, however, that the triplicated genome segments that make up the diploid Brassica genomes have been subjected to many structural alterations, such as gene duplications, translocations, inversions, and especially frequently gene deletions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A high-quality reference sequence for the Brassica napus genome is not yet available, thus studies of specific regions of the Brassica napus genome at sequence level have relied on the analysis of bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) or BAC contigs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These studies showed that the A and C genomes in Brassica napus are very similar to those of the progenitors Brassica oleracea and Brassica rapa , however small differences with respect to the content of genes and mobile elements were observed. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, studies in Brassica napus can draw on resources that have been assembled for the progenitor genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Brassica rapa is a small flowering plant that is often used in classroom experiments due to its small size, low-maintenance growing conditions, and quick life cycle. (lynchburg.edu)
  • Nine different mutant lines of Brassica rapa were grown to more carefully identify the phenotypes affected by the mutations. (lynchburg.edu)
  • To identify the IiAP2/ERF superfamily genes, the AP2/ERF sequences from Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica rapa were used as query sequences in the basic local alignment search tool. (jcimjournal.com)
  • Generation of early-flowering Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa spp. (ibs.re.kr)
  • With Gleam you can easily set up and administer multiple prizes, brassica rapa. (kentatlanticlimousines.co.uk)
  • Tuesday: Pisces good fortune is greatest during the 6th, and brassica oleracea genomes. (kentatlanticlimousines.co.uk)
  • Brassica napus (genome constitution AACC) is a very suitable model system to analyze fixed heterosis and intergenomic dominance because artificial resynthesized lines can easily be developed from diploid parental species B. rapa (AA) and B. oleracea (CC). It is also possible to produce genotypes of the constitutions AAAC or ACCC. (uni-goettingen.de)
  • The genetic materials for the comparative QTL mapping comprise two homozygous Brassica rapa lines (subspecies trilocularis and olifeira) and two homozygous Brassica oleracea var. (uni-goettingen.de)
  • Identification of the likely ancestors of each of the two genomes (designated A and C) found in B. napus would facilitate incorporation of novel alleles from the wider Brassica genepool in oilseed rape crop genetic improvement programmes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The relationships between the six major cultivated Brassica species were originally described by U [ 2 ], who associated the diploid species B. rapa , B. oleracea and B. nigra L. with the amphiploids B. juncea L., B. carinata A. Br. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In genetics, the gene density of an organism's genome is the ratio of the number of genes per number of base pairs, usually written in terms of a million base pairs, or megabase (Mb). (wikipedia.org)
  • The human genome has a gene density of 11-15 genes/Mb, while the genome of the C. elegans roundworm is estimated to have 200. (wikipedia.org)
  • Targeting Induced Loci Lesions in Genomes (TILLING) is a reverse genetic approach that allows directed identification of mutations in specific genes. (frontiersin.org)
  • Each RBH couple consists of two genes, one from each of the two genome sequences (or genomes) to compare, which display the highest scoring hit in the other data set in a reciprocal manner [ 36 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Plant genomes also evolve many tandem duplicated genes. (confex.com)
  • Understanding of the genomes and evolution of duplicated genes are of significance for genetic improvement of these crops. (confex.com)
  • In this report, we briefly present assembly and features of B. oleracea genome, and then focus on evolution of duplicated genes in comparison with B. rapa and A. thaliana . (confex.com)
  • However, the comparative transcriptome analysis of two spinach accessions with different bolting times identified genome-wide gene expression profiling and large-scale discovery of flowering-related genes from vegetative and reproductive leaves [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, genome analysis of this strain suggested the presence of gene clusters involved in iron acquisition ( fhuABD , afuABC , fbpABC , and fepCDG ) and phosphate solubilization ( pstABCHS , phoABHLU , and phnCDEP ) and other phytohormone biosynthesis genes, including indole-3-acetic acid ( trpABCDEFG ), in the genome. (springeropen.com)
  • One hundred and twenty-six putative IiAP2/ERF genes in total were identified from the I. indigotica genome database in this study. (jcimjournal.com)
  • This study undertook a genome-wide characterization of the AP2/ERF superfamily in I. indigotica , providing valuable information for further functional characterization of IiAP2/ERF genes and discovery of genetic targets for metabolic engineering. (jcimjournal.com)
  • While the size of the introns, number of introns per gene and the number of intron-containing genes can vary greatly between sequenced eukaryotic genomes, the structure of a gene with reference to intron presence and positions is typically conserved in closely related species. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To date, more than 500 MIR genes have been identified in the rice genome, generating more than 700 mature miRNAs (Tang and Chu 2017 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses showed that the difference in the waterlogging tolerance among the three wheat varieties was related to the abundance of key genes involved in the glycolysis pathway, the starch and sucrose metabolism pathway, and the lactose metabolism pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, we used the castor bean genome to identify and characterize nine castor bean SAP genes ( RcSAP ). (kib.ac.cn)
  • This finding suggests that glyphosate resistance might come from GM oilseed rape crops illegally cultivated in the country or as a seed contaminant, and it implies gene flow and introgression between feral populations of GM B. napus and wild B. rapa. (weedscience.com)
  • We believe that the presence of the transgene in wild populations of B. rapa involved gene flow from transgenic oilseed rape cultivars or from feral populations having that event or through the introduction of these B. rapa biotypes as a seed contaminant from other countries (because transgenic oilseed rape is forbidden in Argentina). (weedscience.com)
  • The Arabidopsis thaliana Niederzenz-1 genome sequence was recently published with an ab initio gene prediction. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The improved gene set of the Nd-1 genome assembly (GeneSet_Nd-1_v1.1) was evaluated via comparison to the initial gene prediction (GeneSet_Nd-1_v1.0) as well as against Araport11 for the Col-0 reference genome sequence. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To correlate and compare gene structures from related genomes, the first step is to define "orthologous" gene couples. (biomedcentral.com)
  • however, the genome location of the gene and associated markers were unknown, and incorporation of Rlm11 from B. rapa is challenging and time-consuming for canola breeders. (canolacouncil.org)
  • This four-year project aimed to address these issues by completing the genetic mapping of the blackleg resistance gene Rlm11, incorporating Rlm11 from the winter-type B. rapa to a spring-type B. napus , and generating molecular markers linked to Rlm11. (canolacouncil.org)
  • Researchers identified a B. rapa line that contained the race-specific resistance gene Rlm11. (canolacouncil.org)
  • Using a previously published comparative genomics pipeline, we reanalysed the carrot genome and characterized genomic fractionation, as well as gene loss and retention, after each of the two tetraploidization events and inferred a dominant and sensitive subgenome for each event. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We recently developed a pipeline involving homologous gene dotplotting and characterizing event-related gene collinearity to help the analysis of complex genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Whole genome libraries were sequenced with Illumina short paired-end (2 x 250 bp) and long mate pair (up to 8-10 kb) protocols and the reads were assembly with the NR-Gene DeNovoMAGICTM pipeline. (polymarker.info)
  • B. napus (oilseed rape) originates from natural hybridization between B. oleracea and B. rapa whose genomes originated from triplication of an ancestral genome as well as ancient polyploidy events shared with Arabidopsis. (confex.com)
  • This homozygous Rlm11 line named 'BR-11' was then used to generate inter-species ( B. napus x B. rapa ) mapping populations by crossing BR-11 to the double haploid, blackleg susceptible B. napus line Topas DH16516. (canolacouncil.org)
  • The number of homologous copies of PAP1/2 TFs identified in B. rapa , B. oleracea and B. napus were three,four and nine,respectively. (ahs.ac.cn)
  • Finally,combined with the transcriptome sequencing data of different tissues of B. rapa , B. oleracea and B. napus ,the expression analysis was carried out,and the expression of homologous copies of PAP1/2 TFs in different tissues was clarified. (ahs.ac.cn)
  • Populations of 150 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) each from crosses between the two B. rapa and the two B. oleracea lines and a population of 222 lines from a cross between the two resulting synthetic B. napus lines are developed. (uni-goettingen.de)
  • This was based on a comprehensive sampling of the relevant genepools, including 83 accessions of A genome B. rapa L. (both wild and cultivated types), 94 accessions of B. napus and 181 accessions of C genome wild and cultivated B. oleracea L. and related species. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Whilst introgression of the B. napus chloroplast type in the wild and weedy B. rapa populations has been proposed by other studies, the presence of this haplotype within the two brocoletto accessions is unexplained. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The distribution of chloroplast haplotypes eliminate any of the C genome species as being the maternal ancestor of the majority of the B. napus accessions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The presence of multiple chloroplast haplotypes in B. napus and B. rapa accessions was not correlated with nuclear genetic diversity as determined by AFLPs, indicating that such accessions do not represent recent hybrids. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Since non-canonical splice sites are difficult to predict ab initio, we checked for options to improve the annotation by transferring annotation information from the recently released Columbia-0 reference genome sequence annotation Araport11. (biomedcentral.com)
  • RNA-Seq data ("external hints") does not support the detection and annotation of non-canonical splice sites on genome sequence assemblies at a satisfying level [ 26 , 27 , 28 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • PolyMarker generates a multiple alignment between the target SNP sequence and the selected reference genome (from the drop off menu in green below). (polymarker.info)
  • During 2014, wild B. rapa populations that escaped control with glyphosate applications by farmers were found in this area. (weedscience.com)
  • Sequences have been ordered using POPSEQ data and Hi-C (chromosome conformation capture) to generate 21 pseudomolecules representing the majority of the wheat genome. (polymarker.info)
  • The aim of this project was (i) to analyze the effect of intergenomic dominance for different dosages of the A and C genome in tetraploids and triploids, and (ii) to perform a comparative mapping of QTL involved in fixed heterosis between the parental species B. rapa and B. oleracea and the allopolyploid. (uni-goettingen.de)
  • For the analysis of intergenomic dominance all possible crossings between the diploid and tetraploid homozygous parental lines and the resulting resynthesized rapeseed were performed for two different combinations of the A and C genome one B. rapa var oleifera and one B. oleracea var. (uni-goettingen.de)
  • In this study, we undertook extensive genome-wide comparative analyses of twelve species that conform the Pectobacterium genus. (mdpi.com)
  • Unfortunately, since we don't quite know how to construct viable genomes of extinct species, much less grow the creatures themselves, we don't know whether the depiction of the science is right. (genomevisualization.com)
  • The spontaneous hybridization of related species by combining their genomes (alloploidy) has played a prominent role in plant evolution. (uni-goettingen.de)
  • Two of them in the diploid parental species only segregating for loci in the A and C genome, respectively, and a third one developed from a corresponding allopolyploid which is segregating for loci in both genomes. (uni-goettingen.de)
  • The scaffolds where assigned to their corresponding genome by comparing the diploid progenitors and the scaffolds where anchored with the aid of genetic maps. (polymarker.info)
  • In many crops, genome engineering techniques have enabled researchers and breeders to take advantage of a vast knowledge base of plant physiology, pathology, and genetics. (frontiersin.org)
  • Thus besides neo-polyploids originated from genomes doubled or triplicated by hybridization, the crops commonly considered as diploidy, such as rice, maize and soybean, are actually polyploidy with such one or more doubling events. (confex.com)
  • Endophytes can facilitate the improvement of plant growth and health in agriculturally important crops, yet their genomes and secondary metabolites remain largely unexplored. (springeropen.com)
  • In polyploid genomes two classes of SNPs need to be distinguished, polymorphisms between accessions (intragenomic SNPs) and those differentiating between homoeologous genomes (intergenomic SNPs). (biomedcentral.com)
  • The most prevalent haplotype (found in 79% of accessions) was not present within the C genome accessions but was found at low frequencies in B. rapa . (biomedcentral.com)
  • Most of plants experienced genome doubling which resulted in their polyploid nature of genomes. (confex.com)
  • Combining the power of multiplex-PCR assays with a multidimensional pooling system may prove to be especially challenging in a polyploid genome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is demonstrated that intergenomic SNPs represent a powerful tool for BAC library screening of a polyploid genome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The barley genome assembly presented here was produced by the International Barley Genome Sequencing Consortium (IBSC) using a hierarchical approach . (polymarker.info)
  • Interestingly, the secondary metabolites cerecidin, carotenoid, siderophore (staphylobactin), and bacillaene underlying plant growth promotion were found in the whole genome via antiSMASH analysis. (springeropen.com)
  • Overall, physiological testing and genome analysis data provide comprehensive insights into plant growth-promoting mechanisms, suggesting the relevance of strain ATSA2 T in agricultural biotechnology. (springeropen.com)
  • Hierarchical inference of homology revealed two tetraploidization events that shaped the carrot genome, which likely contributed to the successful establishment of Apiales plants and the expansion of MEP, upstream of the carotenoid accumulation pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The transgenic origin of the glyphosate resistance in B. rapa biotypes was verified by an immunological test which confirmed the presence of the CP4 EPSPS protein and by an event-specific GT73 molecular marker. (weedscience.com)
  • De novo assembly of the Aedes aegypti genome using Hi-C yields chromosome-length scaffolds. (dnazoo.org)
  • The Juicebox Assembly Tools module facilitates de novo assembly of mammalian genomes with chromosome-length scaffolds for under $1000. (dnazoo.org)
  • The scaffolds were constructed using the Whole Genome Shotgun (WGS) assembly of Lo7. (polymarker.info)
  • This is largely due to the complexity of the carrot genome, which has undergone recursive rounds of polyploidization. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Introns are a characteristic and common feature in eukaryotic genomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The chromosome-length genome assembly is based on the draft assembly Brapa_1.0 (GCA_000309985.1), credited below. (dnazoo.org)
  • If you use this genome assembly in your research, please check that the conditions of use associated with the draft permit it, and acknowledge the following work. (dnazoo.org)
  • The draft genome of Ruellia speciosa (Beautiful Wild Petunia: Acanthaceae). (colorado.edu)
  • supports the concept that metabolic reprogramming, inflammation, and genome instability (including epige- netic changes) underlie many of the other hal marks and foster multiple hallmark functions. (who.int)
  • These plants were characterized by morphology and seed acidic profile, and all the characters agreed with B. rapa description. (weedscience.com)
  • Our study revealed that the wild type plants were taller and had longer leaves, indicating that the Astroplants genome negatively influences its growth effects. (lynchburg.edu)
  • The genome atlases allowed for distinguishing distinct DNA structures and highlighted suspicious high transcription zones. (mdpi.com)
  • Download the Brapa_1.0_HiC.fasta.gz file containing the chromosome-length (n=10) assembly of the field mustard genome. (dnazoo.org)
  • The genome was reviewed using Juicebox Assembly Tools (Dudchenko et al. (dnazoo.org)
  • A whole genome assembly has been carried out by the IWGSC in collaboration with the company NRGene. (polymarker.info)
  • And it didn't all start in the obvious place - Rapa Nui (Easter Island) - according to the international team of researchers. (sott.net)
  • These sequential paleopolyploidization events make it difficult to not only deconvolute their genome structure but also determine their composition and function. (biomedcentral.com)