• BNP treatment increased vascularisation and the number of endothelial cells in all areas of infarcted hearts. (elifesciences.org)
  • Endothelial cell lineage tracing showed that BNP directly stimulated the proliferation of resident endothelial cells via NPR-A binding and p38 MAP kinase activation. (elifesciences.org)
  • Our results demonstrated that these immature cells have a natural capacity to differentiate into endothelial cells in infarcted hearts. (elifesciences.org)
  • The origin of new endothelial cells (i.e. resident or infiltrating) as well as the underlying mechanism leading to their proliferation (partial endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition [EndMT] or not) have long been debated. (elifesciences.org)
  • One complementary therapy could be 're-activating' vasculogenesis (i.e. the differentiation of precursor cells into mature endothelial cells), a mechanism that occurs in the heart during development but is quiescent in adult hearts. (elifesciences.org)
  • The ability of E7 to induce cellular DNA synthesis in quiescent mouse fibroblasts is strongly enhanced by the presence of a single growth factor such as insulin. (ox.ac.uk)
  • hESCs can be generated by SCNT using dermal fibroblasts nuclei from both a middle-aged 35-year-old male and an elderly, 75-year-old male, suggesting that age-associated changes are not necessarily an impediment to SCNT-based nuclear reprogramming of human cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Inhibiting Rho blocks FN matrix set up, whereas presenting recombinant, constitutively energetic Rho into quiescent Swiss 3T3 cells promotes matrix set up by these cells. (geogise.com)
  • Low power laser irradiation (LPLI) promotes proliferation of multiple cells, which (especially red and near infrared light) is mainly through the activation of mitochondrial respiratory chain and the initiation of cellular signaling. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The formation of new vessels in the hypoxic area restores blood flow, provides oxygen and nutriments to the surviving cells, and promotes the migration and engraftment of new cells. (elifesciences.org)
  • We have produced human papillomavirus type 16 E7 protein in a bacterial expression system and examined the mitogenic activity of this protein in Swiss 3T3 cells after scrape loading. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Fibronectin (FN)1 is normally a big, multi-module extracellular matrix (ECM) protein that is available in two main state governments, either circulating in plasma being a soluble dimeric protein or present within ECMs as an insoluble element connected with cells and various other ECM elements. (geogise.com)
  • They showed that opposing gradients of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and Nodal, two transforming growth factor family members that act as morphogens, are sufficient to induce molecular and cellular mechanisms required to organize, in vivo or in vitro, uncommitted cells of the zebrafish blastula animal pole into a well-developed embryo. (wikipedia.org)
  • After injury, mature terminally differentiated kidney cells dedifferentiate into more primordial versions of themselves and then differentiate into the cell types needing replacement in the damaged tissue Macrophages can self-renew by local proliferation of mature differentiated cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cell proliferation is a very important physiological effect for low power laser irradiation (LPLI) used in clinical practice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, the mechanisms of cell proliferation induced by LPLI are poorly understood. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recently, a large number of signaling proteins reported play an important key role in the process of LPLI-induced cell proliferation, probably due to the fact that the molecular events they are involved in are the basic response of the cells to extracellular stimuli. (biomedcentral.com)
  • BNP also stimulated the proliferation of WT1 + epicardium-derived cells but only in the hypoxic area of infarcted hearts. (elifesciences.org)
  • Progenitors are obtained by so-called direct reprogramming or directed differentiation and are also called induced somatic stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • This meant that the cells can change their differentiation pathway. (wikipedia.org)
  • In Drosophila imaginal discs, cells have to choose from a limited number of standard discrete differentiation states. (wikipedia.org)
  • The fact that transdetermination (change of the path of differentiation) often occurs for a group of cells rather than single cells shows that it is induced rather than part of maturation. (wikipedia.org)
  • The researchers were able to identify the minimal conditions and factors that would be sufficient for starting the cascade of molecular and cellular processes to instruct pluripotent cells to organize the embryo. (wikipedia.org)
  • Retroviral particles must bind specifically to their target cells, cross the plasma membrane, reverse-transcribe their RNA genome, while uncoating the cores, find their way to the nuclear membrane and penetrate into the nucleus to finally dock and integrate into the cellular genome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • During the long journey from the cell surface to the nucleus, retroviruses will face multiple obstacles, since in addition to finding a path through the cytoplasm to the nucleus they have to cross two main barriers, the plasma and nuclear membranes, whilst at the same time avoiding or counteracting cellular defences that can interfere with many of these steps. (biomedcentral.com)
  • They form characteristic cell clusters in suspension culture that express a set of genes associated with pluripotency and can differentiate into endodermal, ectodermal and mesodermal cells both in vitro and in vivo. (wikipedia.org)
  • Induced stem cells (iSC) are stem cells derived from somatic, reproductive, pluripotent or other cell types by deliberate epigenetic reprogramming. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some types of mature, specialized adult cells can naturally revert to stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • While they normally produce digestive fluids for the stomach, they can revert into stem cells to make temporary repairs to stomach injuries, such as a cut or damage from infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • Moreover, they can make this transition even in the absence of noticeable injuries and are capable of replenishing entire gastric units, in essence serving as quiescent "reserve" stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Differentiated airway epithelial cells can revert into stable and functional stem cells in vivo. (wikipedia.org)
  • This capacity to regenerate does not decline with age and may be linked to their ability to make new stem cells from muscle cells on demand. (wikipedia.org)
  • A variety of nontumorigenic stem cells display the ability to generate multiple cell types. (wikipedia.org)
  • For instance, multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) cells are stress-tolerant adult human stem cells that can self-renew. (wikipedia.org)
  • Gp120 binds to cells expressing CD4 cell-surface antigens, most notably T4-lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages. (lookformedical.com)
  • The N-terminal part of gp41 is thought to be involved in CELL FUSION with the CD4 ANTIGENS of T4 LYMPHOCYTES, leading to syncytial formation. (lookformedical.com)
  • Finally, as proven by many examples in the past, progresses in retrovirology will undoubtedly also provide some priceless insights into cell biology. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The process involves sucking out the nucleus of a somatic (body) cell and injecting it into an oocyte that has had its nucleus removed Using an approach based on the protocol outlined by Tachibana et al. (wikipedia.org)
  • These early steps consist of a long and perilous journey from the cell surface to the nucleus where the proviral DNA integrates into the host genome. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In 1924 Hans Spemann and Hilde Mangold demonstrated the key importance of cell-cell inductions during animal development. (wikipedia.org)
  • One example is the transformation of iris cells to lens cells in the process of maturation and transformation of retinal pigment epithelium cells into the neural retina during regeneration in adult newt eyes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Lack of FN in the cell surface area is a feature of several tumorigenic and transformed cells. (geogise.com)
  • Discovering this possibility, we've discovered a monoclonal antibody, L8, that stains matrices differentially with regards to the state of cell contractility fibronectin. (geogise.com)
  • For example, "chief" cells express the stem cell marker Troy. (wikipedia.org)
  • This process allows the body to replace cells not suitable to new conditions with more suitable new cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • We've investigated the results of stretching out fibronectin in the lack of cells mechanically. (geogise.com)
  • LPLI-induced cell cycle progression can be regulated by the activation or elevated expressions of cell cycle-specific proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The researchers were able to identify the minimal conditions and factors that would be sufficient for starting the cascade of molecular and cellular processes to instruct pluripotent cells to organize the embryo. (wikipedia.org)
  • Consistent with this, B-myb knock-out mice die at a very early stage of development (E4.5 - E6.5), and a requirement for B-Myb in inner cell mass formation is indicated by the se-verely impaired proliferation of these pluripotent cells when blastocysts were explanted and cultured in vitro [24]. (123dok.net)
  • Differentiated airway epithelial cells can revert into stable and functional stem cells in vivo. (wikipedia.org)
  • They showed that opposing gradients of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and Nodal, two transforming growth factor family members that act as morphogens, are sufficient to induce molecular and cellular mechanisms required to organize, in vivo or in vitro, uncommitted cells of the zebrafish blastula animal pole into a well-developed embryo. (wikipedia.org)
  • For cells grown in serum containing medium the recommended concentration is four times higher. (cytoskeleton.com)
  • BALB/c 3T3 cells (17) were grown in Eagle's minimal essential medium with Earle's salts (GIBCO), supple- mented with penicillin (10 units/ml), streptomycin (10 units/ ml), glutamine (2 mM), and fetal bovine serum to 10% (MEM- 10). (nih.gov)
  • Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. (lookformedical.com)
  • A major limitation of C3 Transferase for use in in vivo applications is that this protein is only slightly cell permeable. (cytoskeleton.com)
  • Consequently, overnight incubations with C3 Transferase at concentrations as high as 100 µg/ml are often necessary to inactivate Rho proteins in cultured cells. (cytoskeleton.com)
  • Cytoskeleton, Inc. has overcome these problems by providing a cell permeable form or C3 Transferase that can efficiently inactivate cellular Rho proteins in as little as 2 h. (cytoskeleton.com)
  • In ad- ditign to these overall changes in protein and RNA synthesis, there are characteristic changes in the levels or activities of spe- cific proteins shortly after stimulation of resting cells. (nih.gov)
  • Of 3,500 clones tested, approximately 0.5% contained inserts corresponding to mRNAs present at higher levels in serum- stimulated BALB/c 313 cell cultures than in quiescent cultures. (nih.gov)
  • One clone (28H6) hybrid- ized to a 1-kilobase RNA species that is present at barely detect- able levels in resting cells but is increased at least 15- to 20-fold after serum stimulation, reaching a maximal level coincident with the onset of DNA synthesis. (nih.gov)
  • With cell lines such as the fibroblastic mouse BALB/c 3T3 line growing as a monolayer, growth ceases at confluence in G] (2, 3) and can be reinitiated by serum-containing media or by pu- rified growth factors (4, 5). (nih.gov)
  • In view of the possible importance of specific gene activation during the tran- sition from the G1 to S phase of growth, we have begun a study of individual mRNAs that are more abundant after serum stim- ulation of confluent BALB/c 3T3 cells. (nih.gov)
  • Resting cultures were obtained by growing cells to con- fluence, feeding with minimal essential medium containing 0.5% (MEM-0.5) or 2% (MEM-2) fetal bovine serum, and maintain- ing the cells in low serum for at least 2 days. (nih.gov)
  • Resting cells were stimulated by feeding with minimal essential medium contain- ing 20% fetal bovine serum (MEM-20), by adding PDGF di- rectly to the medium at a final concentration of 11 ng/ml, or by infecting with CsCl-banded simian virus 40 (SV40) in MEM- 0.5 at a multiplicity of 50 plaque-forming units per cell. (nih.gov)
  • Nuclear antigen with a role in DNA synthesis, DNA repair, and cell cycle progression. (lookformedical.com)
  • Progression of cultured mammalian cells through the cell cycle appears to be regulated primarily during the Gi period-i.e., between the end of mitosis and the start of DNA replication (1). (nih.gov)
  • Among these changes are increased uptake of certain ions and nutrients (7), incor- poration of preexisting mRNAs into polyribosomes (8, 9), en- hanced rRNA and tRNA (9-11) and protein (5, 6) synthesis, and increased transcription (5, 6) and processing (12) of mRNA pre- cursors. (nih.gov)
  • In this initial report we describe the preparation of a cDNA library from RNA isolated from stimulated cells at the onset of DNA replication and its use in the detection of mRNA species present at higher levels in growing than in resting cells. (nih.gov)
  • This mode of cell death serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth. (lookformedical.com)
  • Apoptosis is the mechanism responsible for the physiological deletion of cells and appears to be intrinsically programmed. (lookformedical.com)
  • They are classified as either totipotent (iTC), pluripotent (iPSC) or progenitor (multipotent - iMSC, also called an induced multipotent progenitor cell - iMPC) or unipotent - (iUSC) according to their developmental potential and degree of dedifferentiation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs. (lookformedical.com)
  • This process allows the body to replace cells not suitable to new conditions with more suitable new cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Suggested Conditions for Rho inactivation by Cell Permeable C3 Transferase. (cytoskeleton.com)
  • Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely. (lookformedical.com)
  • One of the mechanisms by which CELL DEATH occurs (compare with NECROSIS and AUTOPHAGOCYTOSIS). (lookformedical.com)
  • Induced totipotent cells can be obtained by reprogramming somatic cells with somatic-cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). (wikipedia.org)
  • This capacity to regenerate does not decline with age and may be linked to their ability to make new stem cells from muscle cells on demand. (wikipedia.org)
  • Now, focus must be directed on the development of new scaffolds, developed by different technologies, such as polymer science, or nanotechnology, able to be used as templates to direct the growth of cells, in an attempt to better regenerate the lost skin. (scirp.org)
  • Myb is substantially enhanced in S phase through modi-fication by cyclin A/cdk2, and the evidence points squarely to the major role being played by B-Myb during this phase of the cell cycle. (123dok.net)
  • and G2 PHASE, and CELL DIVISION PHASE. (lookformedical.com)
  • Induced stem cells (iSC) are stem cells derived from somatic, reproductive, pluripotent or other cell types by deliberate epigenetic reprogramming. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some types of mature, specialized adult cells can naturally revert to stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • A variety of nontumorigenic stem cells display the ability to generate multiple cell types. (wikipedia.org)
  • The process involves sucking out the nucleus of a somatic (body) cell and injecting it into an oocyte that has had its nucleus removed Using an approach based on the protocol outlined by Tachibana et al. (wikipedia.org)
  • Wound repair is a complex process that involves dermal and epidermal cells, extracellular matrix, soluble factors and the sum of interactions between them, providing physical, biological and chemical keys capable of guiding cell function. (scirp.org)
  • The inflammatory period involves the participation of the blood cells and factors such as coagulation cascade, cytokines and growth factors. (scirp.org)
  • progres-sion through the cell cycle is highly modulated through a regulatory axis containing the E2F transcription factor and retinoblastoma tumour suppressor protein families. (123dok.net)
  • We discuss in this review re-cent findings suggesting that B-Myb is a multifunctional protein that has, in addition to its transcriptional proper-ties, the ability to interact directly with other regulators of the cell cycle. (123dok.net)
  • The fact that B-myb expression is strongly associated with proliferating cells of all lineages suggests that this gene may play an important and general role during the cell cycle. (123dok.net)
  • The reversible transformation of cells of one differentiated cell type to another is called metaplasia. (wikipedia.org)
  • In newts, muscle tissue is regenerated from specialized muscle cells that dedifferentiate and forget the type of cell they had been. (wikipedia.org)
  • c-Myb is expressed at high levels in most haematopoietic precursor cells and plays a crucial role in blood cell development [1, 15, 16]. (123dok.net)
  • Moreover, they can make this transition even in the absence of noticeable injuries and are capable of replenishing entire gastric units, in essence serving as quiescent "reserve" stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability. (lookformedical.com)
  • While they normally produce digestive fluids for the stomach, they can revert into stem cells to make temporary repairs to stomach injuries, such as a cut or damage from infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • The complex series of phenomena, occurring between the end of one CELL DIVISION and the end of the next, by which cellular material is duplicated and then divided between two daughter cells. (lookformedical.com)