Homogeneous GDL will be modified to ensure a better water management on anode and on cathode side (formulation of the MPL, wettability, stability of the hydrophobic treatment, hydrophilic layers, and conductive additives). (europa.eu)
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were applied to investigate the wettability of aqueous hydrophilic and hydrophobic imidazolium-based ionic liquid (IL) nano-droplets on a graphite surface under a perpendicular electric field. (bvsalud.org)
Hydrophilicity2
Self-assembled monolayers presenting imidazolium ions at the tail ends (SAMIMs) having different counteranions have been prepared on Au, and the measurement of water contact angles of the surfaces proved to be an extremely valuable simple technique for quantifying the effects of counteranions on hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of SAMIMs, which will be extrapolated to the water miscibility of the related ionic liquids. (ewha.ac.kr)
However, this behavior strongly depends on the hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity of the ILs and thus, is critically examined for both the ILs. (bvsalud.org)
Interfacial1
The interfacial tension of a liquid with respect to water is a measure of its hydrophobicity. (kruss-scientific.com)
Surface2
Our tensiometers quantify the effect of the surfactant based on the precise, semi-automatic or fully automatic measurement of the surface tension . (kruss-scientific.com)
The former approach is based on the asymmetric surface wettability, whereas the latter is attributed to the surface structure that is characterized by having a very large contact angle for all liquids. (ifpenergiesnouvelles.fr)
Order2
this was further quantified by an orientation order parameter. (bvsalud.org)
Internal sizing refers to the addition of this substance to the pulp during manufacture principally in order to decrease wettability. (conservation-wiki.com)
Properties2
More innovative non uniform GDL will be manufactured to adjust their local properties to the non uniform local operating conditions of a PEMFC (gradients of porosity and of wettability, patterns of hole). (europa.eu)
This will allow having a much better understanding on water management and on the link between main properties of GDL (thickness, pore size and wettability distribution…) and their performance in PEMFC. (europa.eu)
Substrate4
Although modifications in substrate moisture retention depend on structure and could influence plant water extraction, mycorrhizal impacts on water retention and hydraulic conductivity were rarely quantified. (frontiersin.org)
When adhering in dry conditions adhesion is surface-insensitive 1 but when water is present the substrate wettability is relevant. (nature.com)
2023. Quantifying the sorptive behavior of traditional horticultural substrate components based on initial hydraulic conditioning . (ncsu.edu)
2021. The use of coir for reducing risks of peat-based substrate hydrophobicity . (ncsu.edu)