AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsPhenomena and ProcessesInformation Science
PuromycinPuromycin AminonucleosideNephrosisDrug ResistanceDrug Resistance, MicrobialDrug Resistance, BacterialEncyclopedias as TopicStreptomycesRibosomesRNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl
Confers resistance to puromycinMarkerGeneAmpicillinGenesConfer resistanceAminonucleosidePlasmidBacteriaColiInhibitorKnockdownTherapeuticStableReceptorMutantSelectionCRISPRMechanismCellsResistantCellQuicklyTreatmentAntibiotic resistance genesStreptomycesConfersInhibits protein synthesisSoluble in waterAminonucleoside antibioticAntibioticsMarkerShRNAMammalianLentivirusBlasticidinClonesDrug resistanceVivoSignaling pathwaySelectiveInhibitionProteinExpressionInducesGrowing peptideChemotherapyNSCLCTherapy resistanceMutationsOptimumLevelCancerAgentSelection requiresInvasionNote
Confers resistance to puromycin1
Marker5
  • The positive selection marker (Puromycin resistance - PuroR) has been flanked by FRT sites and inserted into intron 1. (taconic.com)
  • Lentiviral CRISPR vector encoding a Cas9 nickase mutant and a puromycin resistance marker expressed from the human CMV promoter. (snapgene.com)
  • By using a weak/moderate mPGK promoter to drive the antibiotic selection marker (puromycin resistance) and carefully arranging the conditional reporter genes, the selection marker is reliably expressed without compromising conditional expression of rFLuc and GFP. (systembio.com)
  • We used MSCs/CD that carry the cytosine deaminase gene ( CD ) as a therapeutic gene and a puromycin resistance gene ( PuroR ) as a selection marker. (ijstemcell.com)
  • Backbone vector plasmid of lentivirus construct driven by CAG promoter with puromycin resistance marker. (riken.jp)
Gene13
  • Resistance to puromycin is conferred by the pac gene encoding a puromycin N-acetyl-transferase (PAC) that was found in a Streptomyces producer strain. (wikipedia.org)
  • Plates containing puromycin are stable for 1 month when stored at 4 °C.[citation needed] Puromycin resistance in yeast can also be conferred through expression of the puromycin N-acetyl-transferase (pac) gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Deletion of the gene encoding the multidrug efflux pump Pdr5 sensitizes cells to puromycin. (wikipedia.org)
  • Expresses human NEUROGENIN2 (hNGN2), eGFP and puromycin resistance gene under control of TetON promoter. (addgene.org)
  • The isolate also contains a plasmid with a chromate resistance gene ( chrA ) adjacent to an arsenic resistance operon. (confex.com)
  • Upstream of the arsenic resistance operon is a heavy metal response regulator gene followed by genes that confer resistance to heavy metals: copper, lead, cadmium, zinc, and mercury. (confex.com)
  • This arrangement of the chromate resistance ( chrA ) gene and arsenic resistance operon has been described in the plasmids of three other isolates, one of which was isolated clinically in Virginia, U.S.A. while the other two samples were isolated environmentally in a Citrobacter amalonaticus in South Korea and in a Pluralibacter gergoviae in Malaysia. (confex.com)
  • This is the first report of an isolate that contains this arrangement of the arsenic resistance operon, chrA gene, and multiple antibiotic resistance genes encoded on plasmids. (confex.com)
  • In addition to expressing fluorophores such as GFP, some vectors contain an antibiotic resistance gene such as Puromycin-N-acetyltransferase (pac). (bitesizebio.com)
  • resistance is conferred by the expression of the pac gene. (fishersci.com)
  • Well, my personal favorite is the puromycin resistance gene. (imanislife.com)
  • The methods for gene isolation developed here will also permit the identification of similar suppressors that modify or override other recently identified virus resistance genes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To simulate in vivo horizontal transfer of the PuroR gene in vivo , we generated a puromycin-resistant E. coli ( E. coli / PuroR ) by introducing the PuroR gene and assessed its responsiveness to various antibiotics. (ijstemcell.com)
Ampicillin1
  • Ampicillin and puromycin antibiotic resistance genes provide selection in bacterial or mammalian cells respectively. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Genes15
  • The samples were analysed for bacterial populations and the presence of puromycin and kanamycin resistant bacteria and puromycin resistance genes. (gmwatch.org)
  • In addition we found a high proportion of resistant bacteria and the presence of puromycin and kanamycin resistance genes in both soils, indicating the presence of resistance genes in the natural bacterial soil population. (gmwatch.org)
  • What does the presence of resistant bacteria and puromycin and kanamycin resistance genes in both soils (offal pit and control) indicate? (gmwatch.org)
  • Currently, the only definitive test that horizontal transgene transfer, from GMO to soil microorganisms, was occurring would be to identify the genes responsible for resistance in the soil bacteria and then sequencing them to see if they were identical to the modified genes used in the GMO. (gmwatch.org)
  • The presence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in clinics and in the environment is a growing concern because plasmid encoded genes that confer antibiotic resistance are becoming more prevalent in gram-negative bacteria. (confex.com)
  • Among the most common antibiotic resistance genes are those that confer resistance to aminoglycosides, used heavily in clinics and agriculture. (confex.com)
  • Within the environment the presence of heavy metals and antibiotics may apply an additional selective pressure on bacteria resulting in the accumulation of heavy metal resistance genes in plasmids which can be transmitted to other bacteria. (confex.com)
  • Pathogenic Klebsiella pneumoniae can cause respiratory and urinary tract infections and the presence of resistance genes may make treatment of such infections more difficult. (confex.com)
  • Within this plasmid approximately four thousand base pairs upstream of the IncN conjugative region, there is a multiresistance region encoding resistance to neomycin ( aph-(3')-I ) followed by genes that confer resistance to puromycin, streptomycin ( aada1 -like), spectinomycin ( aada1 -like), and trimethoprim ( dfr12 ). (confex.com)
  • The accumulation of heavy metal resistance genes and a multidrug-resistance region in an environmental bacterial isolate could indicate a reservoir of heavy metal resistance genes which may aid in the persistence of multidrug-resistance bacteria in the environment. (confex.com)
  • The identities of these genes provide insights into the mechanism of virus resistance and will help to define new pathways used during retrovirus infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We have been involved in the development of screens and selections for virus resistance genes, and have isolated mutant cell lines after chemical mutagenesis that are profoundly resistant to retrovirus infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, our study suggests that the potential risk of horizontal transfer of antibiotics resistance genes in vivo can be effectively managed by clinically available antibiotics. (ijstemcell.com)
  • We also synthesize a library consisting of 70,290 guides targeting all human RefSeq coding isoforms to screen for genes which, upon activation, confer resistance to a BRAF inhibitor. (cdc.gov)
  • Expected and potentially novel resistance genes are enriched in the top hits and are validated using individual sgRNA as well as cDNA overexpression. (cdc.gov)
Confer resistance1
  • It could indicate bacteria made recombinant by the uptake of transgenes that confer resistance to these antibiotics. (gmwatch.org)
Aminonucleoside1
  • Puromycin is an aminonucleoside antibiotic, derived from the Streptomyces alboniger bacterium, that causes premature chain termination during translation taking place in the ribosome. (wikipedia.org)
Plasmid2
  • HG5LN GAL4-hPPAR alpha cells were generated by transfection of HG5LN cells with the plasmid pSG5-GAL4-human PPAR alpha-puromycin. (inserm-transfert.com)
  • The pSG5-puro plasmid pSG5-human GAL4-hPPAR alpha-puromycin enables to express the DNA binding domain of the yeast activator GAL4 (GAL4 DBD) followed by the ligand binding domain of the human peroxisome proliferator activated receptor receptor alpha hPPAR alpha LBD. (inserm-transfert.com)
Bacteria1
  • But I caution you: unless AgResearch is prepared to sequence the genomes of every bacterium in every gram of soil (and there are as many as 2 billion bacteria per gram), they also cannot exclude HGT as a cause of some of the resistance. (gmwatch.org)
Coli2
Inhibitor2
  • Puromycin is an antibiotic protein synthesis inhibitor which causes premature chain termination during translation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Puromycin is a reversible inhibitor of dipeptidyl-peptidase II (serine peptidase) and cytosol alanyl aminopeptidase (metallopeptidase). (wikipedia.org)
Knockdown1
  • Galectin-1 knockdown reduced sorafenib resistance in Huh-7/SR cells, whereas Galectin-1 overexpression in Huh-7 cells increased sorafenib resistance. (aging-us.com)
Therapeutic1
  • Consequently, Galectin-1 is a promising therapeutic target for reducing sorafenib resistance and sorafenib-mediated ferroptosis in patients with HCC. (aging-us.com)
Stable1
  • Puromycin is stable for one year as solution when stored at -20 °C. The recommended dose as a selection agent in cell cultures is within a range of 1-10 μg/ml, although it can be toxic to eukaryotic cells at concentrations as low as 1 μg/ml. (wikipedia.org)
Receptor1
  • Galectin-1 overexpression promoted the phosphorylation of AXL receptor tyrosine kinase (AXL) and MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase (MET) signaling, which increased sorafenib resistance. (aging-us.com)
Mutant2
  • Mutant line R3-2 exhibited a nearly 1000-fold resistance to infection by genetically marked Moloney murine leukemia virus genomes, and was resistant to pseudotyped viruses utilizing the ecotropic envelope, the amphotropic envelope, or even the VSV G envelope protein. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mutant line R4-7 exhibited about a 100-fold resistance to infection by M-MuLV, also independent of the envelope mediating entry. (biomedcentral.com)
Selection2
  • For hassle-free selection and optimum results the use of specially modified puromycin is possible. (wikipedia.org)
  • Selection with puromycin is rapid (3-6 days) and the required doses are quite small (1-10 μg/mL), which make it fast and effective. (imanislife.com)
CRISPR1
  • Broadly, there are two popular methods used to validate the successful delivery of CRISPR components: 1) fluorophore expression and 2) antibiotic resistance. (bitesizebio.com)
Mechanism1
  • The mechanism of inhibition is not well understood, however puromycin can be used to distinguish between aminopeptidase M (active) and cytosol alanyl aminopeptidase (inhibited by puromycin). (wikipedia.org)
Cells2
  • Puromycin acts quickly and can kill up to 99% of nonresistant cells within 2 days. (wikipedia.org)
  • As puromycin inhibits protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells, researchers were able to show that injections of this drug will result in both short-term as well as long-term memory loss in mice. (wikipedia.org)
Resistant1
  • Puromycin-resistant transformants are selected in LB agar medium supplemented with 125 µg/ml of puromycin. (wikipedia.org)
Cell2
  • Puromycin is used in cell biology as a selective agent in cell culture systems. (wikipedia.org)
  • Lethal concentrations of puromycin are much higher for strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae than mammalian cell lines. (wikipedia.org)
Quickly1
  • Treatment resistance for infectious diseases is growing quickly, and chemotherapeutic toxicity in cancer means that vaccines must be made right away to save humanity. (researchgate.net)
Treatment1
  • However, not all patients with HCC respond well to sorafenib, and 30% of patients develop resistance to sorafenib after short-term treatment. (aging-us.com)
Antibiotic resistance genes2
  • pNifTy2-N and pNiFty3-I families allow you to generate your own Dual reporter cell lines for the simultaneous monitoring of NF-κB and IRF activation, using the combination of reporter and antibiotic resistance genes that suits you best. (invivogen.com)
  • Which of the following antibiotic resistance genes do your transfected cells contain? (toku-e.com)
Streptomyces2
  • Puromycin is an aminonucleoside antibiotic, derived from the Streptomyces alboniger bacterium, that causes premature chain termination during translation taking place in the ribosome. (wikipedia.org)
  • Puromycin Hydrochloride Solution is the hydrochloride salt form of puromycin, an aminonuclease antibiotic agent isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces alboniger. (canvaxbiotech.com)
Confers1
  • 10. SOX4-mediated fbw7 transcriptional upregulation confers Tamoxifen resistance in ER+ breast cancer s via GATA3 downregulation. (nih.gov)
Inhibits protein synthesis2
  • As puromycin inhibits protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells, researchers were able to show that injections of this drug will result in both short-term as well as long-term memory loss in mice. (wikipedia.org)
  • Puromycin dihydrochloride is a aminonuclease antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis. (openwetware.org)
Soluble in water2
  • Puromycin is soluble in water (50 mg/ml) as colorless solution at 10 mg/ml. (wikipedia.org)
  • Puromycin is soluble in water and is often used as a selective agent in molecular biology research. (goldbio.com)
Aminonucleoside antibiotic1
  • Puromycin is an aminonucleoside antibiotic that causes early chain termination within the ribosome during translation. (goldbio.com)
Antibiotics2
  • Lot-to-lot variations in potency exist for all selection antibiotics, each new lot of puromycin should be titrated. (openwetware.org)
  • cell lines with level of resistance to both antibiotics had been chosen. (bioxorio.com)
Marker4
  • This is the control virus with Puromycin selection marker. (gentarget.com)
  • The Puromycin resistance marker was expressed under Rsv promoter. (gentarget.com)
  • Lentiviral CRISPR vector encoding a guide RNA (gRNA), plus Cas9 and a puromycin resistance marker expressed from a Tet-responsive promoter. (snapgene.com)
  • More particularly, the invention refers to a fusion protein as a novel chimeric selection marker comprising a peptide conferring resistance to an antibiotic, or a fragment, allelic variant, splice variant or mutein thereof, and at least one sequence comprising SEQ ID NO: 1, 2 or 3, preferably for producing a protein of interest (POI). (patentsencyclopedia.com)
ShRNA2
  • 48 hours post- shRNA transfection , aspirate the medium and replace with fresh medium containing puromycin at the appropriate concentration. (openwetware.org)
  • shRNA Barcode Screen The pooled NKI collection representing 23,742 vectors was retrovirally contaminated into cells and picked with puromycin for 3 days. (smadsignaling.com)
Mammalian4
  • Lethal concentrations of puromycin are much higher for strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae than mammalian cell lines. (wikipedia.org)
  • While selection for E. coli cells is possible with puromycin, it is more commonly and effectively used for mammalian cell selection. (goldbio.com)
  • The growth of bacteria, protozoa, algae and mammalian cells is quickly halted by puromycin. (goldbio.com)
  • The working puromycin concentration for mammalian cell lines ranges from 1-10 µg/ml. (openwetware.org)
Lentivirus1
  • Puromycin selection increases the knockout efficiency by forcing high expression levels of both Cas9 and the sgRNA, and can be used with the integrating lentivirus to quickly and easily achieve high knockdown efficiencies in a cell pool. (chiptested.com)
Blasticidin1
  • They are also available with either Blasticidin or Puromycin resistance. (invivogen.com)
Clones1
  • Puromycin-resistant cell clones were characterized by PCR. (nih.gov)
Drug resistance4
Vivo3
  • The effect of autophagy in icotinib resistance was examined using a series of in vitro and in vivo assays. (biomedcentral.com)
  • STAT3/FOXM1 signalling blockade also reversed resistance to icotinib in vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Here having an neutral functional genetic approach we've recognized that dominant activating mutations Vortioxetine in the PI3K pathway cause lapatinib resistance in vitro and in vivo. (smadsignaling.com)
Signaling pathway1
  • Several studies have indicated that the Hh signaling pathway correlates with chemotherapy resistance. (spandidos-publications.com)
Selective2
  • Puromycin is selective for either prokaryotes or eukaryotes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Puromycin is used in cell biology as a selective agent in cell culture systems. (wikipedia.org)
Inhibition2
  • The mechanism of inhibition is not well understood, however puromycin can be used to distinguish between aminopeptidase M (active) and cytosol alanyl aminopeptidase (inhibited by puromycin). (wikipedia.org)
  • In conclusion, our data suggest that HCC tumors with aberrant activation in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, might have higher intrinsic regorafenib resistance and the inhibition of this pathway along with regorafenib administration might increase regorafenib-induced cell death in combinational therapies. (frontiersin.org)
Protein3
  • In this reaction, a puromycin molecule is chemically attached to the end of an mRNA template, which is then translated into protein. (wikipedia.org)
  • As an essential protein in autophagy activation, ATG7 appears to play a scenario-dependent role in the cross-talk between autophagy-dependent resistance and autophagic apoptosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Acting as an analog of the 3′ terminal end of aminoacyl-tRNA, puromycin incorporates itself into a growing polypeptide chain and causes its premature termination, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis. (canvaxbiotech.com)
Expression1
Induces1
  • Lipid overload induces insulin resistance in muscle and alters the composition of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). To test the hypothesis that skeletal muscle phospholipid metabolism regulates systemic glucose metabolism, we perturbed choline/ethanolamine phosphotransferase 1 (CEPT1), the terminal enzyme in the Kennedy pathway of phospholipid synthesis. (diabetesjournals.org)
Growing peptide1
  • The puromycin can then form a covalent link to the growing peptide chain allowing the mRNA to be physically linked to its translational product. (wikipedia.org)
Chemotherapy1
NSCLC1
  • Further study will be needed to verify the relationships between autophagy and EGFR-TKIs resistance in EGFR-mutated NSCLC tissues after EGFR-TKIs treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
Therapy resistance2
  • Exploring activated pathways upon drug treatment can be used to discover more effective anticancer agents to overcome therapy resistance and enhance therapeutic outcomes for patients with advanced HCC. (frontiersin.org)
  • The contribution of autophagy to cancer therapy resistance remains complex, mainly owing to the discrepancy of autophagy mechanisms in different therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
Mutations1
  • Third, noticed dolutegravir efficiency was not described through ISBT filled with darunavir/ritonavir, lopinavir/ritonavir, or various other boosted PI, also among sufferers contaminated with HIV-1 with principal PI level of resistance mutations. (researchensemble.com)
Optimum1
  • For hassle-free selection and optimum results the use of specially modified puromycin is possible. (wikipedia.org)
Level1
  • analyses reported right here focus on the high virologic effectiveness of dolutegravir, even though the decision of ISBT is definitely challenging by virologic level of resistance, treatment background, or the addition of background providers with suboptimal activity. (researchensemble.com)
Cancer3
  • Steg et al ( 10 ) suggested that smoothened antagonists are able to reverse taxane resistance in ovarian cancer. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Huang G , Lou T , Pan J , Ye Z , Yin Z , Li L , Cheng W , Cao Z , . MiR-204 reduces cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer through suppression of the caveolin-1/AKT/Bad pathway. (aging-us.com)
  • 11. Conjugation of Cetuximab - Puromycin and Its Target-Specific Effect on Triple Negative breast cancer Cell Lines. (nih.gov)
Agent1
  • Prior to using the puromycin antibiotic, titrate the selection agent to determine the optimal concentration for target cell line. (openwetware.org)
Selection requires1
Invasion1
  • Chemo-resistance and invasion are still the major obstacles for successful GC treatment. (oncotarget.com)
Note1