AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and Processes
Pulmonary EmphysemaEmphysemaPancreatic Elastasealpha 1-Antitrypsin DeficiencySubcutaneous Emphysemaalpha 1-AntitrypsinLungMatrix Metalloproteinase 12Pulmonary AlveoliMediastinal EmphysemaRespiratory Function TestsSmokeHeliumPulmonary Disease, Chronic ObstructivePneumonectomyVasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, CutaneousElastinPanniculitisSmokingTomography, X-Ray ComputedBronchoalveolar Lavage FluidForced Expiratory VolumePulmonary FibrosisLung CompliancePneumoniaDisease Models, AnimalLung DiseasesBronchiMice, Inbred C57BLTobacco
COPDLobar emphysemaDeveloped pulmonary interstitial emphysemaObstructiveLungsCigarette smoke-induced emphysemaInterstitial pneumoniaAsthmaIdiopathicFibrosis and emphysemaHypertensionInflammationCysticAppearance of pulmonaryMortalityEdemaSystolic pulmonaryAlveolar proteinosisDiffuseCoronaryPeople with emphysemaPresence of emphysemaAcuteThoracicInclude pulmonaryAlveoliTissueCongenitalPathogenesisCause emphysemaPatients with IPFDevelop emphysemaDiseaseRefractorySymptomsAirwayPersistentOxygenDiseasesAbstractLesionsBronchitisDiagnosisArteryPrevalencePneumomediastinumRehabilitationSequestrationDestructionSevereInfants
COPD19
  • however, its contribution to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pathogenesis is poorly understood. (asthmafoundation.org.nz)
  • Necroptosis-related mRNA and proteins as well as cell death were examined in lungs and pulmonary macrophages of mice with cigarette smoke (CS)-induced experimental COPD. (asthmafoundation.org.nz)
  • A subcategory of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (nih.gov)
  • Most people with COPD have both emphysema and chronic bronchitis, but how severe each type is can be different from person to person. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Also, smokers who get emphysema are more likely to get it if they have a family history of COPD. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary (or lung) diseases (COPD or COLD) refers to a group of diseases in which airflow into or out of the lungs is insufficient. (ccohs.ca)
  • Most people who have COPD have both chronic bronchitis and emphysema. (virtua.org)
  • We found elevated plasma heme in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (GOLD stage 4) patients and also in a ferret model of COPD secondary to chronic cigarette smoke inhalation. (jci.org)
  • In emphysema, a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), tissue in the lungs becomes damaged and dies. (nih.gov)
  • Many cases are likely to remain undiagnosed, particularly those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (medindia.net)
  • The diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) depends on thinking of it as a cause of breathlessness or cough. (nice.org.uk)
  • 6 Only 30% had access to a dedicated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) multidisciplinary meeting to review patients, and there was no consensus as to the correct strategy to adopt to identify appropriate patients. (bmj.com)
  • Animal models and mechanisms of tobacco smoke-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (cdc.gov)
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death worldwide, and its global health burden is increasing. (cdc.gov)
  • COPD is characterized by emphysema, mucus hypersecretion, and persistent lung inflammation, and clinically by chronic airflow obstruction and symptoms of dyspnea, cough, and fatigue in patients. (cdc.gov)
  • A cluster of pathologies including chronic bronchitis, emphysema, asthma, and cardiovascular disease in the form of hypertension and atherosclerosis variably coexist in COPD patients. (cdc.gov)
  • About 15% of smokers display the declining pulmonary function that leads to COPD and its associated disability. (testprepreview.com)
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of diseases that lead to blockage in airflow and problems relating to breathing. (news-medical.net)
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is airflow limitation caused by an inflammatory response to inhaled toxins, often cigarette smoke. (msdmanuals.com)
Lobar emphysema5
  • Some infants may develop chronic lobar emphysema, which may require surgical lobectomies. (wikipedia.org)
  • Perea L, Blinman T, Piccione J, Laje P. Bilateral congenital lobar emphysema: staged management. (medscape.com)
  • A preoperative diagnosis of congenital lobar emphysema was made on the basis of chest radiograph and computed tomography scan. (aku.edu)
  • Acquired lobar emphysema (ALE) is an increasingly recognized complication of advanced BPD. (who.int)
  • However, the infant deteriorated clinically and repeated radiography revealed lobar emphysema on the right lower lung. (who.int)
Developed pulmonary interstitial emphysema1
  • In a 1987 study 3% of infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) developed pulmonary interstitial emphysema. (wikipedia.org)
Obstructive4
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases is a general term for a number of diseases that include chronic bronchitis and emphysema. (ccohs.ca)
  • 2002. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 3: Experimental animal models of pulmonary emphysema. (nih.gov)
  • In the context of poorer Asian countries, the main causes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are smoking, indoor air pollution from cooking and heating, and outdoor air pollution, Kaufman tells SciDev.Net . (news-medical.net)
  • 2022) Burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its attributable risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. (news-medical.net)
Lungs9
  • High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the chest showed conspicuous centrilobular emphysema in the upper zones of the lungs, and diffuse, infiltrative lung disease in the lower zones ( figure 1 ). (bmj.com)
  • High-resolution computed tomography of the chest of adult non-smoking patient demonstrating centrilobular emphysema in the upper zones of the lungs, and diffuse, infiltrative lung disease in the lower zones, including bilateral reticulation without subpleural predominance, traction bronchiectasis, architectural distortion and ground glass attenuation. (bmj.com)
  • Emphysema affects the air sacs in your lungs. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In emphysema, the walls between many of the air sacs in the lungs are damaged. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The cause of emphysema is usually long-term exposure to irritants that damage your lungs and the airways. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The lungs of a person with emphysema have weak, inelastic (not stretchy) air sacs that exchange less gas than healthy lungs. (virtua.org)
  • It pumps blood into your lungs through the pulmonary arteries . (webmd.com)
  • Affected individuals are likely to develop emphysema, a disease that affects the air sacs in the lungs. (medindia.net)
  • The relation of inspiratory distention of the lungs to emphysema. (nih.gov)
Cigarette smoke-induced emphysema2
  • Lung endothelial monocyte-activating protein 2 is a mediator of cigarette smoke-induced emphysema in mice. (nih.gov)
  • Cigarette Smoke-Induced Emphysema and Pulmonary Hypertension Can Be. (yasni.de)
Interstitial pneumonia3
  • In order to compare histomorphometrical, roentgenological and immunohistochemical aspects of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) with and without associated pulmonary emphysema, 17 patients with biopsy-proven UIP were evaluated. (nih.gov)
  • Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterised by chronic, progressive, fibrosing interstitial pneumonia of unknown aetiology. (bmj.com)
  • Interstitial pneumonia represents a group of respiratory diseases characterized by an acute onset of severe respiratory distress and a combination of lung lesions that include pulmonary edema and congestion, interstitial emphysema, alveolar epithelialization, and hyaline membrane formation. (msdvetmanual.com)
Asthma1
  • The specificity of HRCT for bronchial asthma is limited by the similarity of its changes to those of other diseases, such as bronchiectasis, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. (medscape.com)
Idiopathic6
Fibrosis and emphysema2
  • The syndrome of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) in adults has not been previously associated with mutations of the surfactant protein-C ( SFTPC ) gene. (bmj.com)
  • Pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema are irreversible chronic events after inhalation injury. (jci.org)
Hypertension2
  • This dire prognosis seems to be at least partially associated with the development of severe pulmonary arterial hypertension. (nih.gov)
  • Pulmonary Hypertension Can Be Prevented by Phosphodiesterase 4 and 5 Inhibition in Mice. (yasni.de)
Inflammation6
  • Mlkl deletion and qVD-OPh treatment reduced chronic CS-induced airway inflammation, but only Mlkl deletion prevented airway remodeling and emphysema. (asthmafoundation.org.nz)
  • Inhibiting necroptosis attenuates CS-induced airway inflammation, airway remodeling, and emphysema. (asthmafoundation.org.nz)
  • Sendai virus has been reported to cause emphysema in neonatal rats, presumably as a result of epithelial necrosis and inflammation, though infection by this agent is now rare due to modern animal husbandry practices. (nih.gov)
  • 2011. A model of chronic inflammation and pulmonary emphysema after multiple ozone exposures in mice. (nih.gov)
  • These data identify the important contributions of IL-23 to the development of elastase-induced pulmonary inflammation and emphysema, mediated through an IL-23/IL-17 pathway. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Some doctors might recommend inhalers, oxygen, pulmonary rehabilitation therapy, or other medications to help reduce inflammation in the airways. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Cystic1
  • B) Postnatal day56: emphysema on the right lower lobe of the lung, deviation of the heart and mediastinal structures to the left, diffuse cystic parenchymal changes on the right upper lobe and left lobe of the lung. (who.int)
Appearance of pulmonary1
  • Although air-space, interstitial, or ground-glass opacities can dominate the CT appearance of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, some combination of these findings is more common. (ajronline.org)
Mortality4
  • In this article we compare clinical features, smoking history, pulmonary function, estimated systolic pulmonary artery pressure (eSPAP), and mortality in IPF with emphysema vs IPF without emphysematous changes. (nih.gov)
  • IPF patients with emphysema exhibited higher mortality compared with those with IPF without emphysema. (nih.gov)
  • The 90-day mortality rate was significantly lower in patients with emphysema than in those with IPF alone (23% vs 52%, p=0.03). (bmj.com)
  • End-points will include exercise ability, pulmonary function, quality of life, morbidity and mortality. (nih.gov)
Edema5
  • Acute bovine pulmonary emphysema and edema (ABPEE) is one of the more common causes of acute respiratory distress in adult cattle on pasture. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • Acute bovine pulmonary emphysema and edema is a respiratory distress syndrome affecting groups of cattle after movement onto lush pasture. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • Metabolites of the naturally occurring amino acid l -tryptophan probably are responsible for many outbreaks of acute bovine pulmonary emphysema and edema. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • Acute bovine pulmonary emphysema and edema is most common in adult beef cows but may occur in either sex and in dairy or beef cattle under similar management conditions. (msdvetmanual.com)
  • Pneumonia and pulmonary edema can also affect your interstitium. (webmd.com)
Systolic pulmonary1
  • Echocardiography showed normal heart cavities, with estimated systolic pulmonary arterial pressure of 40 mm Hg. (bmj.com)
Alveolar proteinosis12
  • This investigation describes the CT features of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis in a large group of patients. (ajronline.org)
  • A retrospective review of 139 chest CT scans (79 thick-section scans and 60 thin-section scans) from 27 patients with pathologically proven pulmonary alveolar proteinosis was performed. (ajronline.org)
  • Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis does not present only with alveolar disease. (ajronline.org)
  • CT can play an important role in the diagnosis of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. (ajronline.org)
  • Several reports have described the CT aspects of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ], but these reports have analyzed only a small number of CT scans. (ajronline.org)
  • Although CT findings can suggest the diagnosis of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, the CT features are not pathognomonic [ 1 ]. (ajronline.org)
  • For radiologists, the term "pulmonary alveolar proteinosis" is misleading because the CT appearance is not purely alveolar. (ajronline.org)
  • This article systematically reviews the intraslice patterns and zonal distribution of disease on CT from the largest number of CT scans of patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis that has yet, to our knowledge, been described. (ajronline.org)
  • The relative frequency of different types of pulmonary opacities in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis and the influence of section thickness are examined. (ajronline.org)
  • Patients from our medical center with a confirmed diagnosis of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis from open-lung biopsy, transbronchial biopsy, or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were identified by searching a pathology database. (ajronline.org)
  • Patients with AIDS or a known infectious cause of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis were excluded. (ajronline.org)
  • None of the patients had pulmonary alveolar proteinosis related to a known malignancy. (ajronline.org)
Diffuse3
  • Diffuse persistent pulmonary interstitial emphysema secondary to mechanical ventilation in bronchiolitis. (medscape.com)
  • Persistent pulmonary interstitial emphysema manifests as localized or diffuse forms, the latter carrying a poor prognosis. (asahq.org)
  • A case of diffuse persistent pulmonary emphysema: When is difficult the diagnosis? (asahq.org)
Coronary1
  • pulmonary emphysema, coronary heart disease and cancer of the bladder. (who.int)
People with emphysema2
  • Some people with emphysema get frequent respiratory infections such as colds and the flu . (medlineplus.gov)
  • 1.1.12 Consider primary care respiratory review and spirometry (see the recommendations on symptoms and spirometry ) for people with emphysema or signs of chronic airways disease on a chest X-ray or CT scan. (nice.org.uk)
Presence of emphysema1
Acute5
  • The diagnosis of IPF, emphysema and acute exacerbation was based on a multidisciplinary discussion by pulmonary physicians and a radiologist. (bmj.com)
  • The incidence of acute exacerbation among patients with IPF with or without emphysema could not be analysed because of the retrospective design of this study. (bmj.com)
  • Some data such as pulmonary function tests prior to acute exacerbation were not available. (bmj.com)
  • Acute thermal and chemical pulmonary damage, i.e., smoke inhalation with pulmonary insufficiency. (cms.gov)
  • Mycoplasma pneumoniae: acute illness, antibiotics, and subsequent pulmonary function. (bmj.com)
Thoracic1
  • Clinical centers must document a strongly integrated team with expertise in the following areas: thoracic surgery, the surgery being offered, the pre-, peri- and post-operative care of end-stage emphysema patients undergoing thoracic surgery, pulmonary medicine and the care of end-stage emphysema patients, the rehabilitation and education of end-stage emphysema patients, the conducting of clinical trials, pulmonary physiology, cardiology, radiology and evaluation of dyspnea and quality of life. (nih.gov)
Include pulmonary1
  • Maximum medical therapy will include pulmonary rehabilitation and education. (nih.gov)
Alveoli3
  • Pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE) is a collection of air outside of the normal air space of the pulmonary alveoli, found instead inside the connective tissue of the peribronchovascular sheaths, interlobular septa, and visceral pleura. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pulmonary interstitial emphysema is a concern in any of the following: Prematurity Infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) Amniotic fluid aspiration Sepsis Infections Mechanical ventilation Pulmonary interstitial emphysema is created when air bursts or ruptures through tissue from the alveoli and bronchioles into the perivascular tissue of the lung. (wikipedia.org)
  • Emphysema, often associated with chronic bronchitis, is a chronic lung disease in which the air sacs (alveoli) at the end of the small bronchioles are enlarged or over-inflated and are eventually destroyed. (ccohs.ca)
Tissue5
  • This supportive tissue is called the pulmonary interstitium. (wikipedia.org)
  • If the lesion is considered to be an artifact, emphysema should not be diagnosed, but a tissue note may be entered to that effect. (nih.gov)
  • Higher outdoor concentrations of the pollutants ozone, fine particulate matter, and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) at a person's residence at the beginning of the study were associated with increases in emphysema-like lung tissue on CT scans over the following decade. (nih.gov)
  • PERSISTENT pulmonary interstitial emphysema is collection of air in the pulmonary interstitial tissue outside normal air passages. (asahq.org)
  • Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is congenital lack of a primary lung antiprotease, alpha-1 antitrypsin, which leads to increased protease-mediated tissue destruction and emphysema in adults. (msdmanuals.com)
Congenital1
  • Congenital diaphragmatic hernia: association between pulmonary vascular resistance and plasma thromboxane concentrations. (bmj.com)
Pathogenesis1
  • These features strongly implicate intravenous drug abuse in the pathogenesis of these patients' bullous pulmonary damage. (nih.gov)
Cause emphysema1
Patients with IPF3
  • and patients with IPF without emphysema. (nih.gov)
  • p = 0.01) than patients with IPF without emphysema. (nih.gov)
  • Conclusion Patients with IPF and emphysema had better short-term survival after AE than those with non-emphysematous IPF. (bmj.com)
Develop emphysema2
  • The results may help explain why some people who never smoked develop emphysema. (nih.gov)
  • Chronic ozone exposure may help explain why some people who never smoked develop emphysema. (nih.gov)
Disease6
  • Pulmonary interstitial emphysema is more frequent in premature infants who require mechanical ventilation for severe lung disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Because air exchange is impaired, a person who develops emphysema experiences shortness of breath that occurs during strenuous exertion in the early stages of the disease and even at rest in later stages. (ccohs.ca)
  • Additional risk factors include certain occupational exposures, cancer history and a disease history of pulmonary fibrosis, emphysema, chronic bronchitis. (virtua.org)
  • The pulmonary air leak syndromes, including pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, pulmonary interstitial emphysema and pneumopericardium, comprise a spectrum of disease with the same underlying pathophysiology. (who.int)
  • Targeting IL-23 in emphysema is a potential therapeutic strategy for delaying disease progression. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Although stopping smoking slows the progression of the disease, persons with COP do not recover lost pulmonary function. (testprepreview.com)
Refractory2
  • Mahapatra S, Scottoline B. Steroid-induced resolution of refractory pulmonary interstitial emphysema. (medscape.com)
  • Select patients with advanced emphysema refractory to optimized medical care may benefit from surgical or bronchoscopic interventional treatments. (medscape.com)
Symptoms4
  • Most people who have emphysema are at least 40 years old when their symptoms begin. (medlineplus.gov)
  • What are the symptoms of emphysema? (medlineplus.gov)
  • Pulmonary rehabilitation improves symptoms, physical and emotional participation in everyday activities, and quality of life. (medscape.com)
  • However it has now been recommended that this method of treatment be carried out after the emergence of emphysema symptoms. (medindia.net)
Airway1
  • Emphysema is destruction of lung parenchyma leading to loss of elastic recoil and loss of alveolar septa and radial airway traction, which increases the tendency for airway collapse. (msdmanuals.com)
Persistent3
  • Localized persistent pulmonary interstitial emphysema in a preterm infant in the absence of mechanical ventilation. (medscape.com)
  • 1 Persistent pulmonary interstitial emphysema can occur in term infants and in those who have not been mechanically ventilated. (asahq.org)
  • Lateral decubitus position as therapy for persistent focal pulmonary interstitial emphysema in neonates: A preliminary report. (asahq.org)
Oxygen4
  • Nunez-Ramiro A, Aguar M, Cernada M, Parra-Llorca A, Vento M. Oxygen needs during resuscitation and surfactant to achieve stabilisation were independent risks factors for pulmonary interstitial emphysema in preterm infants. (medscape.com)
  • There was no significant difference in the arterial partial oxygen pressure/fraction of inhaled oxygen (P/F) ratio or other laboratory and radiographic data between patients with and without emphysema. (bmj.com)
  • Oxygen therapy , if you have severe emphysema and low levels of oxygen in your blood. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The clot sticks in a pulmonary artery, often causing shortness of breath and low blood oxygen levels. (webmd.com)
Diseases1
Abstract2
  • Abstract : Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of thick slabminimum intensity projection (MinIP) as a follow-up method in patients with pulmonaryemphysema. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
  • abstract = "We recently reported that IL-17A plays a critical role in the development of porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE)-induced emphysema. (elsevierpure.com)
Lesions2
  • Pulmonary emphysema can be classified by the location and distribution of the lesions. (nih.gov)
  • At HRTC scan, emphysematous lesions were prevalent in the upper fields of both emphysema/UIP and emphysema groups and the distribution of fibrotic lesions was similar in emphysema/UIP compared to UIP alone. (nih.gov)
Bronchitis2
Diagnosis2
  • The preoperative diagnosis of pulmonary sequestration is not possible in most of the cases. (aku.edu)
  • Diagnosis is based on history, physical examination, chest x-ray, and pulmonary function tests. (msdmanuals.com)
Artery1
  • These arteries (except the thyroid artery) form a peribronchial plexus that follows the bronchial tree deep into the lung parenchyma to supply blood also to the visceral pleura and the walls of the pulmonary arteries and veins (vasa vasorum). (medscape.com)
Prevalence2
  • The prevalence of pulmonary interstitial emphysema widely varies with the population studied. (wikipedia.org)
  • The prevalence of emphysema in the IPF cohort was 28% (31 of 110 patients). (nih.gov)
Pneumomediastinum1
  • Presence of subpleural pulmonary interstitial emphysema as an indication of single or multiple alveolar ruptures on CT in patients with spontaneous pneumomediastinum. (medscape.com)
Rehabilitation2
  • Make sure you take advantage of any patient education and pulmonary rehabilitation that is available. (mindpub.com)
  • A registry will be established to serve as a repository of severe end stage emphysematous patients, who have been referred for evaluation for LVRS, transplant or pulmonary rehabilitation to any of the participating clinical centers. (nih.gov)
Sequestration1
  • At operation, an intralobar pulmonary sequestration was found. (aku.edu)
Destruction1
  • In contrast, fibroblasts in areas of parenchymal destruction of emphysema/UIP expressed MMP-2, MMP-9, MMP-7 and MT1-MMP at variable but significantly higher levels when compared to emphysema subjects, in the presence of similar levels of TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and TNF-alpha. (nih.gov)
Severe1
  • In severe cases, emphysema can cause weight loss, weakness in your lower muscles, and swelling in your ankles, feet, or legs. (medlineplus.gov)
Infants3
  • Infants with pulmonary interstitial emphysema are typically recommended for admission to a neonatal intensive care unit. (wikipedia.org)
  • Studies reflecting international frequency demonstrated that 2-3% of all infants in NICUs develop pulmonary interstitial emphysema. (wikipedia.org)
  • Verma RP, Chandra S, Niwas R, Komaroff E. Risk factors and clinical outcomes of pulmonary interstitial emphysema in extremely low birth weight infants. (medscape.com)