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Protocatechuate-3,4-DioxygenaseParabensHydroxybenzoatesOxygenasesGentisatesAdipatesBenzoic AcidVanillic AcidBenzoatesPseudomonasChlorobenzoatesMixed Function Oxygenases4-Hydroxybenzoate-3-MonooxygenaseCatecholsBiodegradation, EnvironmentalQuinic AcidDioxygenasesThaueraPhenolPseudomonas putidaAcinetobacterOxidoreductases, O-DemethylatingKynurenine 3-MonooxygenaseMolecular Sequence DataAcetyl-CoA C-AcyltransferaseGenes, BacterialHydrocarbons, AromaticCarboxy-LyasesGallic AcidPhthalic AcidsSphingomonasComamonasComamonas testosteroniMethylococcaceaeSubstrate SpecificityBacterial ProteinsMethylococcus capsulatusAmino Acid SequenceHydroxybenzoate EthersGene Expression Regulation, BacterialAnaerobiosisCatechol 1,2-DioxygenaseBrevibacteriumBenzaldehydesSequence Analysis, DNAPseudomonas alcaligenesMultigene FamilyBromobenzoatesOxidation-ReductionOxidoreductasesFlavin-Adenine DinucleotideCloning, MolecularBase SequenceRhodopseudomonasKineticsAcinetobacter calcoaceticusButanesDecarboxylationCytochrome P-450 Enzyme SystemIsonicotinic AcidsEscherichia coliCoenzyme A LigasesEugenolOxygen IsotopesXylenesDNA, BacterialPimelic AcidsMethylosinus trichosporiumCamphor 5-MonooxygenaseNADPEnzyme InductionSpectrophotometryOxaloacetic AcidUbiquinoneNitrosomonasRestriction MappingBurkholderiaCatalysisCoumaric AcidsOperonMutationCarboxylic Ester HydrolasesPhenolsSoil MicrobiologyElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyHydrolasesMitosporic FungiAerobiosisCell-Free SystemOrganophosphatesNitrobenzoatesAlkane 1-MonooxygenaseComamonadaceaePhylogenySequence Homology, Amino AcidTungsten CompoundsOpen Reading FramesDeltaproteobacteriaBenzydamineCoenzyme A-Transferases
DehydrogenaseEnzymeBiosynthesisHumansDecarboxylaseCatecholDegradationDioxygenase
Dehydrogenase3
  • Biosynthesis enzymes 3-dehydroshikimate dehydratase (3S,4R)-3,4-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,5-diene-1,4-dicarboxylate dehydrogenase terephthalate 1,2-cis-dihydrodiol dehydrogenase 3-hydroxybenzoate 4-monooxygenase 4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase (NAD(P)H) 4-sulfobenzoate 3,4-dioxygenase vanillate monooxygenase 3,4-dihydroxyphthalate decarboxylase 4,5-dihydroxyphthalate decarboxylase Degradation enzymes The enzyme protocatechuate decarboxylase uses 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate to produce catechol and CO2. (wikipedia.org)
  • For instance, the enzyme 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde dehydrogenase uses 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, NAD+ and H2O to produce 4-hydroxybenzoate, NADH and H+. (np-mrd.org)
  • 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde dehydrogenase is also found in carrots. (np-mrd.org)
Enzyme9
  • The enzyme protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase uses 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate and O2 to produce 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate. (wikipedia.org)
  • In particular, the enzyme 4-hydroxybenzoate polyprenyltransferase uses a polyprenyl diphosphate and 4-hydroxybenzoate to produce diphosphate and 4-hydroxy-3-polyprenylbenzoate. (np-mrd.org)
  • 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid can be biosynthesized by the enzyme Chorismate lyase. (np-mrd.org)
  • Chorismate lyase is an enzyme that transforms chorismate into 4-hydroxybenzoate and pyruvate. (np-mrd.org)
  • 4-Hydroxybenzoate is an intermediate in many enzyme-mediated reactions in microbes. (np-mrd.org)
  • The enzyme 4-hydroxybenzoate 1-hydroxylase transforms 4-hydroxybenzoate, NAD(P)H, 2 H+ and O2 into hydroquinone, NAD(P)+, H2O and CO2. (np-mrd.org)
  • This enzyme participates in 2,4-dichlorobenzoate degradation and is found in Candida parapsilosis. (np-mrd.org)
  • The enzyme 4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase transforms 4-hydroxybenzoate, NADPH, H+ and O2 into protocatechuate, NADP+ and H2O. (np-mrd.org)
  • This enzyme participates in benzoate degradation via hydroxylation and 2,4-dichlorobenzoate degradation and is found in Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas fluorescens. (np-mrd.org)
Biosynthesis1
Humans1
  • 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to plants to humans. (np-mrd.org)
Decarboxylase1
  • In the ortho-cleavage pathway ( link ), the 3,4-oxygenase pcaHG cleaves the ring to 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate, a cycloisomerase forms 4-carboxymuconolactone (2-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate), a decarboxylase forms 3-oxoadipate enol lactone ((4,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-yl)-acetate), and a hydrolase forms 3-oxoadipate. (lbl.gov)
Catechol1
  • This series of steps is part of protocatechuate para-cleavage, link , or catechol degradation II, link . (lbl.gov)
Degradation2
  • Comment: An aerobic route for degradation of 4-hydroxybenzoate involves 4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase pobA, which forms protocatechuate (3,4-dihydroxybenzoate). (lbl.gov)
  • Comment: In MetaCyc pathway glutaryl-CoA degradation ( link ), glutaryl-CoA is oxidized to (E)-glutaconyl-CoA and oxidatively decarboxylated to crotonyl-CoA (both by the same enzyme), hydrated to 3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA, oxidized to acetoacetyl-CoA, and cleaved to two acetyl-CoA. (lbl.gov)
Dioxygenase2
  • Comment: In the meta-cleavage pathway ( link ), the 4,5-dioxygenase ligAB splits protocatechuate to 4-carboxy-2-hydroxymuconate-6-semialdehyde. (lbl.gov)
  • In the para-cleavage pathway ( link ), the 2,3-dioxygenase praA forms (2Z,4Z)-2-hydroxy-5-carboxymuconate-6-semialdehyde, which spontaneously decarboxylates to (2Z,4E)-2-hydroxy-6-oxohexa-2,4-dienoate, also known as 2-hydroxymuconate 6-semialdehyde. (lbl.gov)