Proteoglycan core proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

Proteoglycans are a major component of the animal extracellular matrix, the "filler" substance existing between cells in an organism. (wikipedia.org)
The completed proteoglycan is then exported in secretory vesicles to the extracellular matrix of the tissue. (wikipedia.org)
Versican is a large extracellular matrix proteoglycan that is present in a variety of tissues. (rndsystems.com)
Proteoglycans (PGs) are essential components of the animal extracellular matrix and are required for cell adhesion, migration, signaling, and immune function. (rcsb.org)
Syndecans are transmembrane proteins with an N-terminal signal sequence and an ectodomain-containing consensus sequences for heparin-binding extracellular ligands including growth factors, extracellular matrix proteins, cell adhesion molecules, among others. (leonieclaire.com)
Proteoglycans, which are protein core + glycosaminoglycan composites, contribute vital structural properties to vessel extracellular matrix and have important regulatory roles vis-à-vis vascular cells. (navbo.org)
Perlecan helps make the extracellular matrix, the proteins and other molecules that surround cells, stable and flexible so that cells can develop and function in an environment that is supportive without being rigid. (neurosciencenews.com)
The large proteoglycan molecules made up of protein cores, and GAG branches are secreted by cells and constitute a significant fraction of the extracellular matrix of connective tissue. (medscape.com)
Background Brevican is the most abundant chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan in the extracellular matrix of the adult brain. (qedbio.com)
It is a member of the lectican family of aggregating extracellular matrix proteoglycans that bear chondroitin sulfate (CS) chains. (qedbio.com)
HYALURONAN-containing proteoglycans found in the EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX of a variety of tissues and organs. (bvsalud.org)
abstract = "Cell‐surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are potential mediators of neuronal cell adhesion, spreading, and neurite outgrowth on various extracellular matrix molecules. (umn.edu)
Two or three HS-GAG chains attach to a core protein on the cell surface or in the extracellular matrix (Sasisekharan & Venkataraman 2000). (reactome.org)
Little attention, however, has been paid to glycosylation of the extracellular matrix components that constitute the majority of glycosylated protein mass and presumed biological properties. (escholarship.org)

The basic proteoglycan unit consists of a "core protein" with one or more covalently attached glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain(s). (wikipedia.org)
The point of attachment is a serine (Ser) residue to which the glycosaminoglycan is joined through a tetrasaccharide bridge (e.g. chondroitin sulfate-GlcA-Gal-Gal-Xyl-PROTEIN). (wikipedia.org)
The Ser residue is generally in the sequence -Ser-Gly-X-Gly- (where X can be any amino acid residue but proline), although not every protein with this sequence has an attached glycosaminoglycan. (wikipedia.org)
Proteoglycans are categorized by their relative size (large and small) and the nature of their glycosaminoglycan chains. (wikipedia.org)
The combination of proteoglycans and collagen form cartilage, a sturdy tissue that is usually heavily hydrated (mostly due to the negatively charged sulfates in the glycosaminoglycan chains of the proteoglycans). (wikipedia.org)
Mutations in the gene encoding the galactosyltransferase B4GALT7 result in a reduced substitution of the proteoglycans decorin and biglycan with glycosaminoglycan chains, and cause a spondylodysplastic form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. (wikipedia.org)
Chondroitinase ABC or chondroitinase AC treatment of the CSPG digested the chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycan, yielding a core protein that migrated with an apparent molecular weight of 38,000. (silverchair.com)
It is a glycosaminoglycan that is covalently attached to core proteins to form proteoglycans. (leonieclaire.com)
Proteoglycans are molecules that have a protein core and glycosaminoglycan side chains. (hygain.com.au)
beta-1,4-Gatactosyltransferase 7 (beta 4GalT7) is an essential enzyme in the biosynthesis of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains of proteoglycans (PGs). (lu.se)
The intact proteoglycan has a molecular size of approximately 150-165 kDa, containing heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan chains of about 10-15 kDa. (umn.edu)
The key components of articular cartilage are proteoglycans, which are large molecules composed of a core protein and attached glycosaminoglycan (GAGs) chains. (finfactbuddy.com)
Chondroitin sulfate is the most predominant glycosaminoglycan found in articular cartilage, and it binds to the core protein to form proteoglycan aggregates. (finfactbuddy.com)
They exert biological functions through one or more glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains attached to core proteins. (bvsalud.org)

Here they form large complexes, both to other proteoglycans, to hyaluronan, and to fibrous matrix proteins, such as collagen. (wikipedia.org)
Proteoglycans that form aggregates with hyaluronan constitute a special class with unique attributes. (navbo.org)
The core proteins carrying their bristles connect to a central GAG called hyaluronan, which is also used in joint support products. (vin.com)
Could stabilize interactions between hyaluronan (HA) and brain proteoglycans. (qedbio.com)

Syndecan-2 is a member of the Syndecans family comprised of type I transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) that are involved in the regulation of many cellular processes. (joplink.net)
Perlecan is a major heparan-sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) found within all basement membranes and cell surfaces. (thermofisher.com)
Heparitinase treatment of the iodinated HSPG fraction led to the appearance of a major protein core with a molecular size of 72 kDa, as determined by reducing SDS‐PAGE. (umn.edu)
Anti‐HSPG antibodies recognized the 72 kDa core protein by immunoblotting, and stained the surface of spinal cord neurons, oligodendrocytes, and a subset of astrocytes. (umn.edu)
BMs are specialized structures that underlie epithelia and surround organs and mainly comprise collagen IV, laminins, and heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG). (nature.com)

The EGF receptor is involved in the regulation of cellular proliferation and the synthesis of matrix proteins, and proteoglycan 40 is important for cell attachment and interaction with collagen and fibronectin. (medicaljournals.se)
Of the dry matrix material 50% is collagen, 40% is proteoglycans and the remaining materials are proteins other than collagen. (hygain.com.au)
The cartilage matrix is the material in which the cartilage cells are suspended (think of fruit suspended in a matrix of Jell-O.) The matrix consists of collagen and proteoglycans. (vin.com)
We have all heard of collagen, the tough support proteins that act as the steel girders of the body, holding everything from bone to skin in the shape it is meant to hold. (vin.com)
Proteoglycans are the materials surrounding collagen fibers. (vin.com)
Boosting collagen production is beneficial since collagen is the most abundant protein found in mammals. (healthyy.net)
Collagen is the most ubiquitous and abundant protein in humans. (amboss.com)
EDS is caused by various abnormalities in the synthesis and metabolism of collagen and other connective-tissue proteins in the ECM, such as elastin, proteoglycans, and macromolecular proteins. (medscape.com)
Collagen is the most abundant protein in the body and is the most common protein found in the ECM. (medscape.com)
[ 8 ] Collagen proteins are multimeric, occurring in trimers with a central triple helical region. (medscape.com)
A minimum of 29 genes contribute to collagen protein structure, and these genes are located on 15 different human chromosomes, genetically coding for no less than 19 identifiable forms of collagen molecules. (medscape.com)

Structural diversity of leucine-rich repeat proteins. (embl.de)
The superfamily of leucine-rich repeat proteins can be subdivided into at least six subfamilies, characterised by different lengths and consensus sequences of the repeats. (embl.de)

The inactivity of specific lysosomal enzymes that normally degrade glycosaminoglycans leads to the accumulation of proteoglycans within cells. (wikipedia.org)
Traumatic brain injury results in an increase in the chondroitin glycosaminoglycans (CSPGs) neurocan and NG2 expression in a tight band surrounding the injury core. (genscript.com)
They consist of long-core protein molecules with glycosaminoglycans, or GAGs, growing off their sides like bristles on a hair brush. (vin.com)
To acquire a comprehensive understanding of the biological functions of the matrisome and its components, including proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), in GBM tumorigenesis, and to identify potential biomarker candidates, we studied the alterations of GAGs, including heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS), the core proteins of proteoglycans, and other glycosylated matrisomal proteins in GBM subtypes vs. control human brain tissue samples. (bu.edu)
Subsequent studies replicated these results and led to the concept that this layer was composed of proteoglycans (PGs) and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) with a thickness of several tens of nanometers, as has been previously reviewed [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

More specifically, these core proteins carry three to five heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate chains, i.e. they are proteoglycans, which allow for interaction with a large variety of ligands including fibroblast growth factors, vascular endothelial growth factor, transforming growth factor -beta, fibronectin and antithrombin -1. (leonieclaire.com)
They are found in the form of proteoglycans and carry enormous structural information in terms of sulfation, epimerization, domain organization, chain length, number of chains and type of chains along with their core proteins. (selectbiosciences.com)
The PGs consist of a core protein, with one or several GAG chains attached. (lu.se)
The biosynthesis of GAG chains is initiated by xylosylation of a serine residue of the core protein, followed by galactosylation by beta 4GalT7. (lu.se)
May act as a catalyst in increasing the rate of conversion of prion protein PRPN(C) to PRNP(Sc) via associating (via the heparan sulfate side chains) with both forms of PRPN, targeting them to lipid rafts and facilitating their interaction. (nih.gov)
Cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans are composed of a membrane-associated protein core substituted with a variable number of heparan sulfate chains. (nih.gov)
Brevican is secreted from astrocytes and neurons as a145kDa core protein that bears up to three covalently-linked CS chains. (qedbio.com)
It is also is secreted as a 145kDa core protein without CS chains. (qedbio.com)
From NCBI Gene: This gene encodes an enzyme that transfers N-acetylglucosamine (GalNAc) to the core tetrasaccharide linker and to elongating chondroitin sulfate chains in proteoglycans. (nih.gov)

Structural specificity of heparin binding in the fibroblast growth factor family of proteins. (harvard.edu)
Semisynthetic APAC, an investigational medication not yet approved by the Food and Drug Administration, is a heparin proteoglycan mimic with dual APAC action tailored for vascular interventions ( Fig. 1 ). (lww.com)
7 Briefly, APAC consists of mast cell-derived heparin proteoglycans in the form of a semisynthetic conjugate of unfractionated heparin and a protein core. (lww.com)
CD138 is a heparin sulphate proteoglycan that controls tumor cell survival, growth, adhesion and bone cell differentiation in MM (2). (leonieclaire.com)
The CD138 antibody recognizes syndecan-1, a member of the syndecan family of transmembrane heparin sulfate proteoglycans whose main functions are to modulate ligand-dependent activation of primary signaling receptors at the cell surface. (bdbiosciences.com)

Evidence also shows they can affect the activity and stability of proteins and signalling molecules within the matrix. (wikipedia.org)
The other proteins link the different molecules together. (hygain.com.au)

The effects of 13-cis retinoic acid (RA) and dexamethasone on the levels of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor and fibroblast derived proteoglycan core protein (PG40) mRNAs were studied in human skin fibroblasts. (medicaljournals.se)

Versican is a member of the lectican protein family that also includes Aggrecan, Brevican, and Neurocan. (rndsystems.com)
Differential regulation of O-glycopeptides for proteoglycans, including brevican, neurocan, and versican, was observed for GBM subtypes vs. controls. (bu.edu)

Proteoglycans occur in connective tissue. (wikipedia.org)

Syndecans are transmembrane proteins, whereas glypicans are attached to the cell surface via a GPI anchor. (leonieclaire.com)

HS-GAG, like the majority of GAGs in the body, are linked to core proteins, forming proteoglycans (mucopolysaccharides). (reactome.org)
The GCX, which is major constituent of the ESL, forms a luminal mesh that provides endothelial cells with a framework to bind plasma proteins and soluble GAGs. (biomedcentral.com)

Members of the glypican-related integral membrane proteoglycan family (GRIPS) contain a core protein anchored to the cytoplasmic membrane via a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol linkage. (nih.gov)
Description Western Blot analysis of Rat Brain Membrane showing detection of ~140 kDa Brevican protein using Mouse Anti-Brevican Monoclonal Antibody, Clone S294A-6 (56541). (qedbio.com)

In accordance, systemic injection of dopamine receptor D1 agonists in vivo promote rapid cleavage of the ECM protein brevican 16 . (nature.com)
Immunogen Fusion protein corresponding to aa 219-655 of rat Brevican (accession no. (qedbio.com)

Proteoglycans are a subclass of glycoproteins in which the carbohydrate units are polysaccharides that contain amino sugars. (wikipedia.org)
Comparative V8 protease digestion of the CSPG core protein and conventional invariant glycoproteins yielded homologous peptides, indicating that the core protein and invariant chain were structurally similar. (silverchair.com)

Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) play critical roles in the development and adult physiology of all metazoan organisms. (hud.ac.uk)
In C. elegans, the core protein specificity of distinct HS modifications may be in part regulated at the level of tissue specific expression of genes encoding for HSPGs and HS modifying enzymes. (hud.ac.uk)

Comparative tryptic peptide analysis by high performance liquid chromatography demonstrated coelution of the majority of the peptides from the invariant chain and the CSPG core protein. (silverchair.com)
GAG biosynthesis is initiated by peptide O-xylosyltransferases, which transfer xylose onto selected serine residues in the core proteins. (rcsb.org)
We also report distinct protein, peptide, and glycopeptide features for GBM subtypes comparisons. (bu.edu)

HS is covalently attached to core proteins to form HS-proteoglycans. (leonieclaire.com)

Invariant chain is the core protein of the Ia-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan. (silverchair.com)
The murine Ia-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG) was studied both biochemically and immunochemically to determine the nature of its core protein. (silverchair.com)
Cell surface proteoglycan that bears heparan sulfate. (joplink.net)
amyloid increases neurocan expression through regulating Sox9 in astrocytes: A potential relationship between Sox9 and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in Alzheimer's disease. (genscript.com)
Guiseppetti, JM , McCarthy, JB & Letourneau, PC 1994, ' Isolation and partial characterization of a cell‐surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan from embryonic rat spinal cord ', Journal of Neuroscience Research , vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 584-595. (umn.edu)
The Glypicans ( glypi ated proteogly can s) are a small multigene family of GPI-linked heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans that likely play a key role in embryonic morphogenesis (1, 2, 3, 4). (rndsystems.com)
Further, two PGs, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 and agrin, were significantly lower, about 6-fold for isocitrate dehydrogenase-mutant, compared to the WT GBM samples. (escholarship.org)

When pressure is placed on cartilage, the proteoglycans are squeezed and push water out of the cartilage. (hygain.com.au)
Proteoglycans are more concentrated in areas where the pressures are greater to allow more synovial fluid to infiltrate the cartilage. (hygain.com.au)
Knockout of the orthologous mouse gene indicates that the protein is necessary for normal cartilage development and aggrecan metabolism. (nih.gov)
However, when articular cartilage degeneration sets in, the structure and composition of proteoglycans break down, leading to a range of issues. (finfactbuddy.com)

19 normal healthy in- receptor protein (CD117) that is structurally dividuals were recruited as a control group. (who.int)

These GAG bristles allow the proteoglycan molecule to soak up water like a little sponge. (vin.com)
its core protein is a single-chain molecule of 70 to 75 kilodaltons (kDa), and its isoforms vary in molecular weight up to approximately 400 kDa. (bdbiosciences.com)

These sequences represent the protein coding region of the Ncan cDNA ORF which is encoded by the open reading frame (ORF) sequence. (genscript.com)

In recentyears, a number of diverse plant proteins with low sequence similarity toBet v 1 was identified. (embl.de)

The term atherosclerosis is derived from the Greek "athero," meaning gruel, or wax, corresponding to the necrotic core area at the base of the atherosclerotic plaque, and "sclerosis" for hardening, or induration, referring to the fibrous cap of the plaque's luminal edge. (medscape.com)

Glycosylation of the proteoglycan occurs in the Golgi apparatus in multiple enzymatic steps. (wikipedia.org)

RESULTS: Structural comparisons ofrepresentative members of already known protein families structurallyrelated to Bet v 1 with all entries of the Protein Data Bank yielded 47structures with non-identical sequences. (embl.de)
A distance-based phylogenetic treeyielded a classification into 11 subfamilies, nine exclusively containingplant sequences and two subfamilies of bacterial proteins. (embl.de)
At least six families of LRR proteins, characterised by different lengths and consensus sequences of the repeats, have been identified. (embl.de)
The tool works with standard single letter nucleotide or protein codes including ambiguities and can match Prosite patterns in protein sequences. (nih.gov)

The taxonomicdistribution of these families extracted from the Pfam protein familydatabase showed that members of the polyketide cyclase family and theactivator of Hsp90 ATPase homologue 1 family were distributed among allthree superkingdoms, while members of some bacterial families wereconfined to a small number of species. (embl.de)
During evolution,this protein diversified into numerous families with low sequencesimilarity but with a common fold that succeeded as a versatile scaffoldfor binding of bulky ligands. (embl.de)

VC 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. a glycolipid antigen with globo-series carbohydrate core structures (Kannagi et al. (lu.se)

First, a special link tetrasaccharide is attached to a serine side chain on the core protein to serve as a primer for polysaccharide growth. (wikipedia.org)
A protein modification that effectively converts an L-serine residue to O3-xylosylserine. (reactome.org)

ASU was able to inhibit the protein VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) responsible for the formation of new capillaries. (healthyy.net)

An inability to break down the proteoglycans is characteristic of a group of genetic disorders, called mucopolysaccharidoses. (wikipedia.org)

This information is based on mapping of SMART genomic protein database to KEGG orthologous groups. (embl.de)
Percentage points are related to the number of proteins with LRR_TYP domain which could be assigned to a KEGG orthologous group, and not all proteins containing LRR_TYP domain. (embl.de)

Proteoglycans (PGs) are one of the important macromolecules in the ECM. (bvsalud.org)

Furthermore, the difference in the packing explains why the repeats from different subfamilies never occur simultaneously in the same protein. (embl.de)

The approach used for the prediction of the leucine-rich repeat protein structures can be applied to other proteins containing internal repeats of about 20 to 30 residue in length. (embl.de)
Eleven-residue segments of the LRRs (LxxLxLxxN/CxL), corresponding to the beta-strand and adjacent loop regions, are conserved in LRR proteins, whereas the remaining parts of the repeats (herein termed variable) may be very different. (embl.de)

A new study discovered the critical role that Perlecan, a protein, plays in maintaining the structural integrity of neurons, particularly the long branches called axons. (neurosciencenews.com)
If that long, thin projection ever seems like it could be vulnerable, a new MIT study shows that its structural integrity may indeed require the support of a surrounding protein called Perlecan. (neurosciencenews.com)

Without that protein in Drosophila fruit flies, researchers at The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory found axonal segments can break apart during development and the connections, or synapses, that they form end up dying away. (neurosciencenews.com)
They all share a common-sized protein core of 60‑70 kDa, an N-terminus which likely forms a compact globular domain, 14 conserved cysteines that form multiple intrachain disulfide bonds, and a number of C-terminal N- and O-linked carbohydrate attachment sites. (rndsystems.com)

ELISA kit, ELISA, Mouse, ELISAs Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 90320007 SNOMED code are used by the medical researcher for detection of human, mouse, … proteins are supplied in coated 96 well plates to be stored at +4°C. ELISA test kits can be sandwich ELISA. (gentaur.com)
ELISA tests are enzyme linked immunoassays to detect human, mouse or other proteins in serum, plasma, urine or biological fluids. (gentaur.com)
Inseparable iduronic acid-containing proteoglycan PG(IdoA) preparations of human skin and post-burn scar tissues: evidence for elevated levels of PG(IdoA)-I in hypertrophic scar by N-terminal sequencing. (harvard.edu)
Iduronic acid-rich proteoglycans (PGIdoA) and human post-burn scar maturation: isolation and characterization. (harvard.edu)
Purification and characterization of iduronic acid-rich and glucuronic acid-rich proteoglycans implicated in human post-burn keloid scar. (harvard.edu)
They account for the majority of proteins in the ECM , which makes them the most abundant proteins in the human body. (amboss.com)

Types include: Certain members are considered members of the "small leucine-rich proteoglycan family" (SLRP). (wikipedia.org)
BACKGROUND: The major birch pollen allergen, Bet v 1, is a member of theubiquitous PR-10 family of plant pathogenesis-related proteins. (embl.de)

Anatomy22

Organisms13

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs85

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment16

Phenomena and Processes21

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Extracellular14

Glycosaminoglycan14

Hyaluronan4

HSPG5

Collagen11

Leucine-rich repeat pro2

Glycosaminoglycans5

Chains9

Heparin5

Molecules2

Fibroblast1

Versican2

Connective tissue1

Transmembrane1

GAGs2

Membrane2

Brevican2

Glycoproteins2

HSPGs2

Peptide3

Covalently attached1

Sulfate7

Cartilage4

Receptor1

Molecule2

NCAN1

Sequence similarity1

Fibrous1

Golgi1

Sequences4

Families2

Antigen1

Serine2

Vascular1

Characteristic1

Orthologous2

Macromolecules1

Occur1

Residue2

Structural2

Form2

Human6

Family2