Proteins stable isotope labeled protein. Medical search. Frequent questions

Here, we describe a new method (immuno-SILAC) for the absolute quantification of proteins in complex samples based on polyclonal antibodies and stable isotope-labeled recombinant protein fragments to allow affinity enrichment prior to mass spectrometry analysis and accurate quantification. (nih.gov)
Stable Isotope Labeling by/with Amino acids in Cell culture (SILAC) is a technique based on mass spectrometry that detects differences in protein abundance among samples using non-radioactive isotopic labeling. (wikipedia.org)
A SILAC approach involving incorporation of tyrosine labeled with nine carbon-13 atoms (13C) instead of the normal carbon-12 (12C) has been utilized to study tyrosine kinase substrates in signaling pathways. (wikipedia.org)
SILAC has emerged as a very powerful method to study cell signaling, post translation modifications such as phosphorylation, protein-protein interaction and regulation of gene expression. (wikipedia.org)
In addition, SILAC has become an important method in secretomics, the global study of secreted proteins and secretory pathways. (wikipedia.org)
Pulsed SILAC (pSILAC) is a variation of the SILAC method where the labelled amino acids are added to the growth medium for only a short period of time. (wikipedia.org)
It had also been used to study biofilm tolerance to antibiotics to differentiate tolerant and sensitive subpopulations Traditionally the level of multiplexing in SILAC was limited due to the number of SILAC isotopes available. (wikipedia.org)
Recently, a new technique called NeuCode (neutron encoding) SILAC, has augmented the level of multiplexing achievable with metabolic labeling (up to 4). (wikipedia.org)
The NeuCode amino acid method is similar to SILAC but differs in that the labeling only utilizes heavy amino acids. (wikipedia.org)
We identified 231 proteins released from actomyosin contraction-dependent blebs and apoptotic bodies by adapted SILAC (stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture) combined with mass spectrometry analysis. (nature.com)
Contains experimentally-derived protein half-life data obtained using stable isotope labeling by amino acids (SILAC) coupled with mass spectrometry. (yeastgenome.org)
According to Josh Coon, professor of chemistry and biomolecular chemistry at UW-Madison and leader of the effort, the new method brings together benefits of SILAC labeling and isobaric tagging. (genomeweb.com)
The method, Coon noted, synthesizes some of the best aspects of isobaric labeling and SILAC, combining, in particular, the multiplexing capabilities of the former and the MS1 level quantitation of the latter. (genomeweb.com)
SILAC - or stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture - uses the incorporation of amino acids containing different isotopes to label proteomic samples for quantitative mass spec analysis. (genomeweb.com)
To achieve results of highest possible quality we employed SILAC (Stable Isotope Labeling of Amino acids in Cell culture) to allow quantification, TAP (Tandem Affinity Purification) for recovery, high accuracy Orbitrap mass spectrometry for identification and MaxQuant software for quantification and analysis of SUMO-2 substrate proteins. (europa.eu)
He has an extensive track-record in quantitative proteomics, introducing metabolic stable isotope labeling in multicellular organisms such as Drosophila and C. elegans, using SILAC for studying stem cell and B cell differentiation, and stable isotope labeling by using chemical approaches, for example to follow differential pTyr phosphorylation in differentiating stem cells. (uu.nl)
Using stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture (SILAC)-based quantitative proteomics paired with nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), researchers were able to show that cellular increases in FUT8 expression in cancerous cells could reduce the overall number of secreted EVs, while increasing the abundance of cell motility and metastasis-associated proteins within them. (cancer.gov)
We used two independent discovery-based approaches-microarray gene expression and stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) quantitative proteomic mass spectrometry analyses-to identify cellular phenotypes in SZ hiPSC NPCs from four SZ patients. (ca.gov)

Creative Proteomics is a leading proteomics company offering SIL protein/peptide standards, protein microarrays and other related products for highly multiplexed protein quantification techniques. (creative-proteomics.com)
Absolute quantification with mass spectrometry and isotope labelled internal standards has found broad applications in biomedical research. (nist.gov)
However, because of the unknown binding affinity of antibody to MRP2/Mrp2 protein across species and lack of purified MRP2/Mrp2 proteins for calibration, the immunoblotting assay was excluded from the absolute quantification of MRP2/Mrp2 protein for multiple species. (aspetjournals.org)
Our method allows for the identification of the proteins, identification of redox-sensitive cysteines within proteins, and quantification of the redox status of individual cysteine-containing peptides. (hindawi.com)
Thus, reversible cysteine modifications can influence protein activity and the relative quantification of the status of the thiol can potentially provide valuable insights into protein activity where the protein exists in a range of redox states. (hindawi.com)
This methodology enables detection of putative metabolites from biological samples and simultaneous quantification of the pattern and extent of isotope labeling. (acs.org)
One of the first successful applications of the program was the quantification of all proteins in yeast cells: "Without MaxQuant we would not have been able to do this", Dr. Cox points out. (mpg.de)
Jürgen Cox, Matthias Mann: MaxQuant enables high peptide identification rates, individualized p.p.b.-range mass accuracies and proteome-wide protein quantification. (mpg.de)
In addition, the effectiveness of antitoxin treatment may vary depending on circulating toxin levels, so that rapid identification and quantification of BoNT proteins in clinical specimens and food is desirable for optimization of treatment. (cdc.gov)

We also examined the dataset of proteins obtained by the quantitative proteomics analysis using two tools, Downstream Effect Analysis and Upstream Regulator Analysis of the Ingenuity Pathways Analysis software. (oncotarget.com)

Scientists from Creative Proteomics offer you the high-density microarrays with thousands of unique full-length proteins that can be detected at the same time. (creative-proteomics.com)
Improving the precision of quantitative bottom-up proteomics based on stable isotope-labeled proteins. (uni-frankfurt.de)
The issue of abundant (often housekeeping) proteins masking regulatory proteins of lower abundance (such as signaling proteins and cytokines) continues to be a challenging issue for proteomics particularly in the case of biofluids. (hindawi.com)
While modern proteomics experiments permit the analysis of hundreds to thousands of proteins in complex samples, the most powerful use of this data would combine information on protein activity with the identities of the active proteins. (hindawi.com)
University of Wisconsin-Madison researchers have developed a new labeling approach that could enable significantly higher multiplexing in mass spec proteomics experiments. (genomeweb.com)
In their study released this week, Coon and his team built on this work by incorporating a number of different isotope combinations into lysine molecules, which they then used to metabolically label proteomics samples. (genomeweb.com)
Redox proteomics has taken advantage of the thiol specificity of ICAT reagents not only to identify targets of ROS but also to quantify oxidative thiol modifications in individual proteins. (hindawi.com)
The Heck group has a track record in proteomics and especially in the analysis of protein post-translational modifications. (uu.nl)
Cell-free protein synthesis has the potential to become one of the most important high throughput technologies for functional genomics and proteomics. (neb.com)
The significance of the MaxQuant software, therefore, is that it will considerably facilitate the process of identifying cellular proteins and promises substantial progress in proteomics in the future. (mpg.de)
The success of proteomics experiments, such as studies of protein function and cell signaling pathways, ultimately de- pends on how well the protein content in samples is identified and annotated. (lu.se)
The need to keep track of protein modifications is readily recognized by the proteomics community, and few repositories of known peptide modifications have been created. (lu.se)

The results suggest that polyclonal antibodies generated via immunization of recombinant protein fragments could be used for the enrichment of target peptides to allow for rapid mass spectrometry analysis taking advantage of a substantial reduction in sample complexity. (nih.gov)
Excellent R&D teams, advanced instruments and rich production experience enable us to provide high-quality products and custom synthesis of peptides/proteins. (creative-proteomics.com)
Or you can also inquire about our comprehensive custom synthesis of peptides and proteins. (creative-proteomics.com)
Proteins from both cell populations are combined and analyzed together by mass spectrometry as pairs of chemically identical peptides of different stable-isotope composition can be differentiated in a mass spectrometer owing to their mass difference. (wikipedia.org)
Isobaric labeling uses stable isotope tags attached to peptides of interest to enable relative or absolute quantitation of proteins via tandem mass spectrometry. (genomeweb.com)
Digested peptides are labeled with tags that fragment during MS2 to produce signals corresponding to the amount of peptide present in a sample. (genomeweb.com)
Because these differentially labeled peptides are quantitated at the MS1 level, precursor interference isn't a problem. (genomeweb.com)
Here we discuss two approaches currently used to investigate the global dynamics of phosphorylation based on the isolation of phosphorylated proteins or peptides. (acs.org)

Analytical methods such as mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy allow our team to study metabolic consequences of altered energy and protein metabolism. (mayo.edu)
Labeling patterns confirmed the metabolic pathways responsible for the biosynthesis of many detected metabolites, and labeling was detected in unexpected metabolites, including two higher sugar phosphates annotated as octulose phosphate and nonulose phosphate. (acs.org)
Before entering lipid synthesis pathways, different kinds of acyl-CoA transporters which acts as the major carrier of acyl-CoAs, such as fatty acid binding protein (FABP), sterol carrier protein 2 (SCP2) and acyl-CoA-binding protein (ACBP), would activate and convert fatty acids to fatty acyl-CoA esters via a reaction catalyzed by fatty acyl-CoA synthetase and transported to various metabolic locations [ 11 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

There are numerous methods for the discovery of unknown associated protein networks, with purification of the bait (the protein of interest) followed by mass spectrometry as a common theme. (aacrjournals.org)
In recent years, advances have permitted the purification of endogenous proteins and methods for scaling down starting material. (aacrjournals.org)
This involves purification of a specific protein from the pool of cellular proteins, followed by Western blotting of a suspected interacting protein ( 1 ). (aacrjournals.org)
This article provides an overview of the advances in protein expression and purification methodology over the past 40 years. (neb.com)
LP3 is fully equipped for recombinant protein production in E. coli and insect cells (BEVS) and protein purification using state of the art chromatography systems. (lu.se)
LP3 and PPS offer services for the entire process chain of production, purification, characterization, protein crystallisation and protein structure determination and structure refinement, or each individual step in the chain. (lu.se)

We investigated the entire set of proteins modulated by BAG3 silencing in the human anaplastic thyroid 8505C cancer cells by using the Stable-Isotope Labeling by Amino acids in Cell culture strategy combined with mass spectrometry analysis. (oncotarget.com)

Protein and peptide chromatography prior to MS analysis can partly address this issue. (hindawi.com)
The lectures cover the theory and applicatoin of protein separation techniques such as 1D/2D gel electrophoresis, different kinds of protein and peptide chromatography, multidimensional separations, stable isotope labeling and numerous types of mass spectrometry. (tum.de)

Quantitative targeted absolute proteomic analysis of 31 membrane proteins showed that P-glycoprotein (P-gp/mdr1a) protein expression levels were significantly increased in brain capillaries of PTZ (129%), EL (143%), and PHT mice (192%) compared with controls. (aspetjournals.org)

Cysteine is the most important redox-responsive amino acid within proteins largely due to the wide range of oxidation states that sulfur can occupy-so called, "sulfur switches" [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
Labeling of Trypanosoma brucei cell cultures with 50% uniformly 13C-labeled glucose demonstrated incorporation of glucose-derived carbon into 187 of 588 putatively identified metabolites in diverse pathways including carbohydrate, nucleotide, lipid, and amino acid metabolism. (acs.org)
Their proteomes comprised various proteins for uptake and transport functions and amino acid metabolization. (ufz.de)
We have identified a cytosolic acyl-CoA binding protein, with highly conserved amino acid residues and a typical acyl-CoA binding domain in N. caninum . (biomedcentral.com)

We now show that during early apoptosis limited membrane permeabilization occurs in blebs and apoptotic bodies, which allows release of proteins that may affect the proximal microenvironment before the catastrophic loss of membrane integrity during secondary necrosis. (nature.com)
These results indicate that limited membrane permeabilization occurs in blebs and apoptotic bodies before secondary necrosis, leading to acute and localized release of immunomodulatory proteins during the early phase of active apoptotic membrane blebbing. (nature.com)
2 , 3 A key feature of apoptosis has been defined as the maintenance of an intact cellular membrane (detectable as exclusion of impermeable dyes such as propidium iodide, PI) throughout the apoptotic program to prevent intracellular protein release and subsequent immunological activation. (nature.com)
Moreover, a significant loss of Mrp2 protein in the membrane fraction of rat cryopreserved hepatocytes was observed. (aspetjournals.org)
Previous proteomic studies of intact platelets have collectively identified hundreds of proteins using a variety of fractionation strategies including 2-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE), multidimensional chromatographic separations, membrane prefractionation techniques, and adsorption to combinatorial hexapeptide ligand libraries [ 1 - 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
Following activation by agonists such as thrombin, platelets release storage granules and membrane vesicles that contain prothrombotic (e.g., fibrinogen), mitogenic (e.g., platelet derived growth factor), immunomodulatory (e.g., neutrophil-activating peptide 2), and adhesive (e.g., platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule) proteins. (hindawi.com)
For example, a protein having multiple membrane spanning domains might not properly insert into membrane bilayers of the heterologous host or a protein might not be expressed in a soluble form. (neb.com)
In addition, certain protein tags can help a protein to more efficiently insert into a host membrane or improve the solubility of a target protein. (neb.com)
For crystallisation, the facility is equipped with state-of-the-art nanolitre pipetting equipment with capability to handle lipidic cubic phases for membrane proteins, as well as a plate hotels with the capacity to store and automatically image crystallisation plates. (lu.se)

Proteomic approaches have proven powerful at identifying large numbers of proteins, but there are fewer reports of functional characterization of proteins in biological tissues. (hindawi.com)
focuses on the development and implementation of innovative mass spectrometric methods for the more efficient and detailed characterization of proteins in relation to their biological function. (uu.nl)
The emphasis is on the structural characterization of proteins and post-translational modifications as well as the investigation of protein complexes and protein interactions important in e.g. protein folding, protein ligand binding, and the formation of tertiary and quaternary structures. (uu.nl)

As such, we provide services and make equipment available in the areas of recombinant protein production, crystallisation, biophysical characterization, and structure determination. (lu.se)

Complex biological samples have also been successfully separated in multiple dimensions at the protein level. (hindawi.com)
Subcellular localization critically influences protein function, and cells control protein localization to regulate biological processes. (elifesciences.org)
In order to regulate protein activity, many biological processes involve changes in protein subcellular localization. (elifesciences.org)
Biological systems, from proteins to living cells and organisms, obey physical principles. (tum.de)
LP3 is the only academic protein production platform in Sweden providing specialisation in protein production using the baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS, insect cells) and perdeuteration of biological macromolecules. (lu.se)
The conjugate area has said biological drug detectably labeled and the capture area has said biological drug immobilized thereto. (justia.com)
For biological systems, Q peaks were first observed in protein from different perspectives [3,7,9,13,15,21-23] , the detailed molec- powders and attributed to 1H-14N spin pairs [9], which were also ular mechanism of the ubiquitous 1H-14N Q peaks in biological sys- thought to be of critical importance for the background 1H relaxa- tems has not been established. (lu.se)

Unlike immunofluorescence microscopy approaches, which provide correlative information about proteins sharing cellular space, co-IP can confirm direct often high-affinity physical interactions between two proteins or protein complexes of equal or better affinity. (aacrjournals.org)

The ratio of peak intensities in the mass spectrum for such peptide pairs reflects the abundance ratio for the two proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Protein abundance data, domains, shared domains with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, sequence-based physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein. (yeastgenome.org)
This section also contains protein abundance data for both untreated and treated cells obtained from over 20 studies. (yeastgenome.org)
Improvements in mass spectrometry has led to the development of a number of techniques to quantify the relative protein abundance within a given sample. (hindawi.com)
Combining spatial and abundance information yielded an unprecedented quantitative view of HeLa cell anatomy and organellar composition, at the protein level. (elifesciences.org)
This study establishes evidence of how altered cellular glycosylation enzyme expression impacts EV vesicle abundance and the protein content of EVs secreted from prostate cancer cells via dysregulation of the cell's endocytic pathway. (cancer.gov)

These tend to fall roughly into two categories: validation of putative or suspected interactions and identification of unknown associated proteins. (aacrjournals.org)
The classic method for analysis of protein-protein interactions is the co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP), also known as a "pull down" ( 1, 2 ), which constitutes the gold standard in the field. (aacrjournals.org)
The validity of co-IP approaches can quickly deteriorate when forced expression of tagged proteins are used to investigate possible interactions, yet this approach, particularly when endogenous factors are assessed, can provide useful information about potential protein associations. (aacrjournals.org)
Interactions with other proteins or molecules are another feature of cysteines that can affect protein activity. (hindawi.com)
Read how to avoid common obstacles in protein expression that prevent interactions with cellular machinery. (neb.com)

Using different isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen, the researchers worked out 39 distinct isotopologues for lysine spanning a mass range of roughly 39 mDa and separated by 1 mDa each. (genomeweb.com)
SUMO is attached only to a specific lysine residue in the target protein. (europa.eu)

A previous study from our laboratory using a MuDPIT (multidimensional protein identification technology) approach identified over 300 proteins secreted by platelets upon thrombin activation [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)

Epitope mapping revealed that a majority of the polyclonal antibodies recognized multiple linear epitopes, and based on these results, a semi-automated method was developed for peptide enrichment using polyclonal antibodies immobilized on protein A-coated magnetic beads. (nih.gov)
A protocol based on the simultaneous multiplex capture of more than 40 protein targets showed that approximately half of the antibodies enriched at least one functional peptide detected in the subsequent mass spectrometry analysis. (nih.gov)
Here, we show that we were able to use small amounts of antibodies (50 ng per target) in this manner for efficient multiplex analysis of quantitative levels of proteins in a human HeLa cell lysate. (nih.gov)

However, incorporation of different isotopes significantly increases sample complexity, which can reduce peptide IDs if taken too far. (genomeweb.com)

More detailed evidence for these modification sites is presented in the Post-translational Modifications table, located just below the protein sequence. (yeastgenome.org)
Finally, many proteins require post-translational modifications (e.g. glycosylation or phosphorylation) that are absent or significantly different from expression host to expression host. (neb.com)
The method can be used for automated detection of chemical/post- translational modifications, quality control of experiments and labelling approaches, and to control the modification settings of protein identification tools. (lu.se)

In proteins where cysteine is not within the active site, activity can be modulated by changing conformation or by influencing its regulatory role, for example, iron sulfur complexes (ISCs) in aconitase possess cysteines required for its activity [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)

What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)

We used consecutive orthogonal separation platforms to ensure sensitive detection: (a) ion-exchange of intact proteins, (b) SDS-PAGE separation of ion-exchange fractions and (c) HPLC separation of tryptic digests coupled to electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. (hindawi.com)

Internal water temperature, pH and H/D isotope composition. (lu.se)

Employment of most modern proteomic and bioinformatic techniques and tools allowed us to undertake the large-scale identification of SUMO-1 and SUMO-2 putative target proteins. (europa.eu)
We describe a statistical measure, Mass Distance Fingerprint, for automatic de novo detection of predominant peptide mass distances, i.e., putative protein mod- ifications. (lu.se)

Adsorption of plasma proteins on uncoated PLGA nanoparticles. (uni-frankfurt.de)

The small ubiquitin-like modifiers, SUMO-1, SUMO-2 and SUMO-3 are conjugated to a wide, but poorly defined range of target proteins and play important roles in many cellular processes. (europa.eu)
Extensive analysis of obtained results resulted in much deeper understanding of how poly-SUMO-2 chains are being assembled into longer forms, with preference for extending of already existing chains on target proteins rather than recruitment of large amounts of new substrates. (europa.eu)

Much of our work involves the use of stable isotope tracers to label proteins in vivo and study synthesis and accumulation of individual proteins. (mayo.edu)

Dying cells have been defined as apoptotic by distinguishing features, including cell contraction, nuclear fragmentation, blebbing, apoptotic body formation and maintenance of intact cellular membranes to prevent massive protein release and consequent inflammation. (nature.com)
These proteins may modulate the interaction of platelets with their local cellular environment. (hindawi.com)
The combination of high-resolution LC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics with stable isotope tracing provides a global overview of the cellular fate of precursor metabolites. (acs.org)
S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. (cancerindex.org)

Here, I investigate the role of one intrinsic factor (receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase alpha) and one extrinsic factor (ionizing radiation) in facilitating cancer cell invasion. (ubc.ca)
Receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase alpha (PTPα is a widely expressed transmembrane-bound protein that has been implicated in integrin signaling, focal adhesion formation, and normal cell migration. (ubc.ca)

MALDI analysis of proteins after extraction from dissolvable ethylene glycol diacrylate cross-linked polyacrylamide gels. (uni-frankfurt.de)
We do not aim to provide an exhaustive analysis of all available techniques, but instead will highlight some of the most widely used methods for protein-protein assessment and will describe some recent advances in global protein-protein analyses that are enabling non-experts to identify interactomes of their favorite factor. (aacrjournals.org)
For instance, a number of studies have used 1D SDS-PAGE to separate proteins by molecular weight prior to MS analysis [ 12 - 15 ]. (hindawi.com)
Gene ontology analysis showed some apparent differences in relation to increased or decreased modification status of certain functionally-related groups of proteins responding to heat shock, mainly by increased modification. (europa.eu)
Dynamic Organellar Maps enable the proteome-wide analysis of physiological protein movements, without requiring any reagents specific to the investigated process, and will thus be widely applicable in cell biology. (elifesciences.org)
The Heck laboratory is also a pioneer in macromolecular or native mass spectrometry, which enable the analysis of intact protein assemblies by mass spectrometry. (uu.nl)
It enables scientists for the first time to detect and compare the whole protein inventory of cells simultaneously - prerequisite is, that the proteins are first labelled with stable isotopes and then detected by mass spectrometry (MS). As a result of the MS analysis of the proteins present in cells or tissues, researchers often get several hundred thousands of peaks which then have to be attributed to certain proteins. (mpg.de)
We performed discovery-based genome-wide analysis of the RNA and proteins in control and schizophrenia brain cells, in order to better understand how they differ. (ca.gov)

As such, approaches for rapid, unbiased identification of protein interactomes are becoming a standard tool in the researchers toolbox, rather than a technique that is only available to specialists. (aacrjournals.org)
The number of studies that have used protein interaction discovery approaches for identification of associated factors is overwhelming. (aacrjournals.org)
These approaches promise to enable researchers to assess, on a large scale, both expression level and functional state of the proteins that carry out most functions in a cell. (lu.se)

When the cells are growing in this medium, they incorporate the heavy arginine into all of their proteins. (wikipedia.org)
It can be used to distinguish between proteins secreted by cells in culture and serum contaminants. (wikipedia.org)
We initially used maps statically to generate a database with localization and absolute copy number information for over 8700 proteins from HeLa cells, approaching comprehensive coverage. (elifesciences.org)
In Chapter 2, I examined how proteins secreted by cancer cells can promote a tumor-permissive microenvironment through the recruitment of suppressive innate and adaptive immune cells to the lungs. (ubc.ca)
I demonstrated that tumor cells secreted proteins that drove the recruitment and/or expansion of pulmonary TAMs, Tregs, and granulocytic-MDSCs (G-MDSCs), resulting in increased primary lung tumor growth and pulmonary metastasis of mammary carcinoma cells, respectively. (ubc.ca)
Targeting tumor-secreted proteins, or the suppressive immune cells that are expanded in response to said proteins, led to a decrease in primary and metastatic pulmonary disease. (ubc.ca)
recently released a study examining the impact of altered FUT8 expression on EV biogenesis and subsequent EV protein profiles, comparing aggressive prostate cancer cells to less aggressive ones. (cancer.gov)
Additionally, evaluation of the EV cargo revealed proteins associated with an AG prostate cancer phenotype elevated in FUT8-transformed EVs, while capturing aberrant activity of the cells endocytic-related machinery. (cancer.gov)
By this approach we identified 37 up-regulated and 54 down-regulated proteins in BAG3-silenced cells. (oncotarget.com)
Our analyses confirm the association of the proteome profile observed in BAG3-silenced cells with an increase in cell survival and a decrease in cell proliferation and invasion, and highlight the possible involvement of four tumor suppressor miRNAs and TP53/63 proteins in BAG3 activity. (oncotarget.com)
Schizophrenia brain cells showed abnormal gene expression and protein levels related to cytoskeletal remodeling and oxidative stress. (ca.gov)
These toxins inhibit the release of neurotransmitters at the neuromuscular junction by cleaving soluble NSF attachment protein receptor (SNARE) complex proteins in nerve cells, which prevents the fusion of neurotransmitter containing vesicles to cell membranes 2 . (cdc.gov)
Translocating the CagA protein into the gastric epithelial cells causes rearrangement of the host cytoskeleton and alters cell signaling and perturbs cell cycle control. (medscape.com)

In higher eukaryotes, the SUMOylation targets identified thus far cannot be broadly categorized, and protein modification by SUMO does not have a common functional consequence. (europa.eu)
Indeed, it has been demonstrated that cysteines are characterized by the most extreme conservation pattern, being highly conserved in functional positions of proteins but poorly conserved otherwise [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)

The contributors describe basic methods for culturing and genetically manipulating fission yeast, synchronization strategies for probing the cell cycle, technologies for assessing proteins, metabolites, and cell wall constituents, imaging methods to visualize subcellular structures and dynamics, and protocols for investigating chromatin and nucleic acid metabolism. (cshlpress.com)

Proteins are the tools and machines of the cell, and each organelle has its own set of proteins that it requires to work correctly. (elifesciences.org)
Each cell contains ten or more organelles, and several thousand different types of proteins. (elifesciences.org)
The location of many proteins in a cell is unclear or simply not known. (elifesciences.org)
set out to develop a method that reveals the locations of all the proteins in a cell at any given time. (elifesciences.org)
The resulting technique maps the location of most of the proteins in a human cancer cell line and, in addition, determines how many copies of each protein there are. (elifesciences.org)
In their new study, the research team led by Matthias Mann, Director at the MPI of Biochemistry, makes it possible to map the entire protein network architecture of a cell - quickly and easily. (mpg.de)
It provides cell-specific, protein-based information and helps to analyze cancer diseases. (mpg.de)

We took advantage of the antibody resources publicly available from the Human Protein Atlas project covering more than 80% of all human protein-coding genes. (nih.gov)
The cross-reactions of MRP2/Mrp2 protein of different species with anti-human MRP2 polyclonal antibody were found by Western blotting. (aspetjournals.org)

Many of these proteins are reportedly involved in tumor progression, invasiveness and resistance to therapies. (oncotarget.com)
We focused our attention on an oncogenic protein, CAV1, and a tumor suppressor protein, SERPINB2, that had not previously been reported to be modulated by BAG3. (oncotarget.com)

includes protein coordinates for the domain, a domain Description, a Source and corresponding accession ID, and the number of S. cerevisiae genes that share the same domain. (yeastgenome.org)
Although HMG proteins do not possess intrinsic transcriptional activity, they are called architectural transcription factors because they modulate the transcription of their target genes by altering the chromatin structure at the promoter and/or enhancers 15 . (nature.com)
A number of bleeding disorders arise as a result of mutations in the genes for proteins involved in platelet aggregation. (hindawi.com)

The approach was further developed to also generate quantitative data via the addition of heavy isotope-labeled recombinant protein fragment standards prior to trypsin digestion. (nih.gov)

The bilayers are labelled with a rhodamine phospholipid (red). (lu.se)

For example, the medium can contain arginine labeled with six carbon-13 atoms (13C) instead of the normal carbon-12 (12C). (wikipedia.org)

Thus, altered or deregulated platelet function underpins many diseases, and platelet proteins are potential targets for novel therapeutic agents. (hindawi.com)
The devices and kits include one or more associators specific for molecular targets, such as microRNAs and proteins and peptide fragments thereof. (justia.com)

The increased multiplexing capability of NeuCode amino acids is from the use of mass defects from extra neutrons in the stable isotopes. (wikipedia.org)
Consequently, a lot of effort is put into identifying the constituent proteins using mass spectrometric methods. (lu.se)

This allows monitoring differences in de novo protein production rather than raw concentration. (wikipedia.org)
We previously reported that hepatobiliary transporter multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP2/Mrp2) is considered to be the major cause of the interspecies differences detected by efflux of fluorescent substrates in isolated hepatocytes. (aspetjournals.org)
Detailed in a paper published this week in Nature Methods , the technique, called NeuCode, uses differences in the nuclear binding energy of different isotopes to label amino acids. (genomeweb.com)
Nuclear binding energy is the energy needed to break a nucleus up into its component nucleons, and because every isotope has a unique nuclear binding energy, these differences can be used to distinguish between them. (genomeweb.com)
It also shows how differences in EV protein cargo, including glycosite occupancy and glycosylation patterns, may contribute to prostate carcinogenesis - making a case for EV-based diagnostics that incorporate glycosylation information for prostate cancer screening. (cancer.gov)

The first applications of this technology involved exposing purified proteins to either OS or normal condition before labeling with either heavy or light ICAT reagents, respectively. (hindawi.com)

Protein sequence for the given gene in S288C and other strains, when available. (yeastgenome.org)
This gene encodes a member of the aldo/keto reductase superfamily, which consists of more than 40 known enzymes and proteins. (cancerindex.org)
What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. (cancerindex.org)
From our findings that SZ hiPSC NPCs show abnormal gene expression and protein levels related to cytoskeletal remodeling and oxidative stress, we predicted, and subsequently observed, aberrant migration and increased oxidative stress in SZ hiPSC NPCs. (ca.gov)

The most enriched proteins released were the nucleosomal histones, which have previously been identified as damage-associated molecular pattern proteins (DAMPs) that can initiate sterile inflammatory responses. (nature.com)

Additionally, inherent properties of the target protein may represent challenges for the expression host. (neb.com)

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate experimentally that alterations of in vivo transporter function at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in disease and during pharmacotherapy can be reconstructed from in vitro data based on our established pharmacoproteomic concept of reconstructing in vivo function by integrating intrinsic transport activity per transporter molecule and absolute protein expression level at the BBB. (aspetjournals.org)
In vivo P-gp/mdr1a function at the BBB was reconstructed from the measured P-gp/mdr1a protein expression levels and intrinsic transport activity for verapamil per P-gp/mdr1a previously reported by our group. (aspetjournals.org)

Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)

The recombinant NcACBP protein was expressed to verify the binding activities of NcACBP in vitro , and the heterologous expression of NcACBP in Δacbp yeast in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)

Here we show that high-mobility group AT-hook 2 protein (HMGA2) induces DNA nicks at the transcription start site, which are required by the histone chaperone FACT complex to incorporate nucleosomes containing the histone variant H2A.X. Further, phosphorylation of H2A.X at S139 (γ-H2AX) is required for repair-mediated DNA demethylation and transcription activation. (nature.com)
We have previously shown that HMGA2-induced transcription requires phosphorylation of H2A.X at S139, which in turn is mediated by the protein kinase ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) 10 . (nature.com)

We followed the uptake of 13 C-labeled necromass by the bacterial and eukaryotic groundwater community quantitatively and over time using a complementary protein-stable and DNA-stable isotope probing approach. (ufz.de)
Our data point toward a fast and exclusive uptake of labeled necromass by a few specialists followed by a concerted action of groundwater microorganisms, including autotrophs presumably fueled by released, reduced nitrogen and sulfur compounds generated during necromass degradation. (ufz.de)

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are bacterial proteins that cause the life-threatening disease botulism 1 . (cdc.gov)

In addition to nucleosomes, chromatin contains non-histone chromatin-associated proteins, of which the high-mobility group proteins are the most abundant. (nature.com)

The NcACBP recombinant protein was able to specifically bind acyl-CoA esters in vitro . (biomedcentral.com)

Available online 25 January 2010 peaks have been linked to a dipolar flip-flop polarization transfer from 1H nuclei to rapidly relaxing amide 14N nuclei in rotationally immobilized proteins. (lu.se)
They collide with the nuclei of stable atoms, resulting in the emission of energetic protons, alpha and beta particles, and gamma radiation. (msdmanuals.com)

Cysteines are one of the most rarely used amino acids, but when conserved in proteins they often play critical roles in structure, function, or regulation. (hindawi.com)

For example, in many experimental scenarios expression of a protein originating from a higher eukaryote is being produced in a bacterium where factors such as codon usage, translation rate, and redox potential are significantly different. (neb.com)

Anatomy15

Organisms38

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs81

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment38

Psychiatry and Psychology7

Phenomena and Processes55

Disciplines and Occupations10

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena6

Technology, Industry, Agriculture6

Humanities1

Information Science4

Health Care23

Geographicals4

SILAC18

Quantification9

Quantitative proteomics1

Proteomics12

Peptides8

Metabolic3

Purification6

Combined with mass spectrometry1

Peptide chromatography2

Proteomic analysis1

Amino acid4

Membrane9

Characterization of proteins3

Recombinant protein production1

Biological7

Affinity1

Abundance6

Interactions5

Lysine2

Multidimensional1

Antibodies3

Incorporation1

Post-translational3

Complexes1

Pathways1

Separation1

Composition1

Putative2

Plasma proteins1

Target proteins2

Individual proteins1

Cellular4

Tyrosine2

Analysis8

Approaches3

Cells13

Functional2

Metabolites1

Cell7

Antibody2

Tumor2

Genes3

Fragment1

Bilayers1

Arginine1

Targets2

Mass2

Differences5

Reagents1

Gene5

Molecular1

Additionally1

Intrinsic2

Mutations1

Vivo1

Phosphorylation2

Uptake2

Bacterial1

Abundant1

Vitro1

Nuclei2

Roles1

Significantly1