Proteins setting the membrane potential. Medical search. Frequent questions

Concanamycin a treatment causes loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. (elifesciences.org)
Wild-type cells were treated with concanamycin A for 4 hr, stained with mitochondrial membrane potential fluorescent dyes DiOC 6 ( A ) or TMRM ( B ), and analyzed by flow cytometry. (elifesciences.org)
Mitochondrial protein degradation is not triggered by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential or oxidative stress. (elifesciences.org)
C ) Loss of mitochondrial membrane potential or oxidative stress does not activate autophagy-dependent Tom70-GFP degradation. (elifesciences.org)
Likewise, our results show a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, indicating that this organelle could be involved in the production of the reactive species observed. (bvsalud.org)
These effects were consistent with improved mitochondrial function, reflected by testosterone-induced increases in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), antioxidant enzyme (GSH-PX, catalase, and Mn-SOD) expression/activity, and mitochondrial respiratory complex activities in both brain regions. (aging-us.com)

Firm attachment of TP to biological membrane is aided by a special class of membrane lipids, called annular lipid shell . (wn.com)
The accumulation of substances with high oxidative capacity would explain the greater oxidative damage observed in proteins and lipids. (bvsalud.org)
Besides impairing ATP production by compromising the normal function of the respiratory chain machinery, excessive ROS generation and the ensuing oxidative stress cause oxidative damage to proteins, lipids, and DNA, accelerating the aging phenotype [ 5 , 6 ]. (aging-us.com)

Three years after the initial discovery, they found that another protein structurally related to glutathione transferases, a chloride intracellular ion channel, CLIC-2, could also dampen the activity of the ryanodine receptor in the heart. (the-scientist.com)
These result in imbalances in the connectivity of neuronal circuitry, and also negatively impact the intracellular connectivity of neuronal proteins and protein pathways, contributing to cognitive decline associated with AD 6 . (nature.com)
The large-conductance, Ca 2+ and voltage-activated K + channel (BK, also termed as BK Ca , Maxi-K, K Ca1.1 or Slo1) is a unique member of the mammalian K + channel family, which has the largest single channel conductance and is dually activated by membrane voltage and intracellular Ca 2+ . (mdanderson.org)
ITI's investigational UNITE platform, or UNiversal Intracellular Targeted Expression, is thought to work by encoding the Lysosomal Associated Membrane Protein, an endogenous protein in humans. (biospace.com)
There exists an exchange of molecules and ions in and out of the cell wall, as well as in and out of membrane-bounded intracellular compartments such as the nucleus, ER, and mitrochondria. (wikibooks.org)
ROS may induce intracellular calcium increase and subsequent contraction of PASMCs via direct or indirect interactions with protein kinases, phospholipases, sarcoplasmic calcium channels, transient receptor potential channels, voltage-dependent potassium channels and L-type calcium channels, whose relevance may vary under different experimental conditions. (ersjournals.com)
[ 7 ] "These membrane proteins are involved in several physiological activities including transepithelial ion absorption and secretion, cell volume regulation, and setting intracellular Cl concentration below or above its electrochemical potential equilibrium. (medscape.com)

This membrane docking is mediated mostly by lipid-binding domains (e.g. (wikipedia.org)
Dialysis is generally used for detergent removal and reconstitution of the protein into a lipid bilayer, and devices for testing numerous conditions in parallel are not readily available. (nih.gov)
For example, two 2018 papers are titled "K-Ras4B Remains Monomeric on Membranes over a Wide Range of Surface Densities and Lipid Compositions" 1 and "The Biological and Therapeutic Impact of KRAS Dimerization in KRAS-Mutant Cancer" 2 . (cancer.gov)
These proteins share their lipid transport domain, thus expanding this family of lipid transporters. (ucl.ac.uk)
Analysis of another candidate, Ypr097w, which we now call Lec1 (Lipid-droplet Ergosterol Cortex 1), revealed that this previously uncharacterized protein dynamically shifts between lipid droplets and the cell cortex, and plays a role in regulation of ergosterol distribution in the cell. (ucl.ac.uk)
1,1′-dioctadecyl-3,3,3′,3′-tetramethylindocarbocyanine) is a widely used carbocyanine membrane dye that labels cell membranes by inserting its two long (C 18 carbon) hydrocarbon chains into the lipid bilayer. (biotium.com)
The lipid bilayer of cell membranes is impermeable to large and polar molecules but permeable to water molecules and other small uncharged molecules like O 2 and CO 2 . (wikibooks.org)
The availability of free energy is one of the factors that determine if a molecule will move across a membrane, the other being the permeability of the molecule in the lipid bilayer. (wikibooks.org)
Here, cryo-EM is used to examine the protein-lipid architecture of this membrane in tubular vesicles obtained from the (muscle-derived) electric organ of the Torpedo ray. (iucr.org)
As reported earlier, the helical arrangement of the protein component of the vesicles facilitates image averaging and enables us to determine how cholesterol and phospho-lipid molecules are distributed in the surrounding matrix, using headgroup size as a means to discriminate between the two kinds of lipid. (iucr.org)
Cholesterol interactions with the receptor are apparently essential for stabilizing and maintaining its physiological architecture, since the transmembrane structure contracts, involving displacements of the helices at the outer membrane surface by ∼2 Å (1-3 Å), when this lipid is extracted. (iucr.org)
Furthermore, its protein-lipid composition, organization and size are subject to modification by physiological events, making it an important mediator of neuronal plasticity. (iucr.org)
Here, we analyse by cryo-EM the architecture of this membrane in vesicles isolated from the (muscle-derived) electric organ of the Torpedo ray, with view to defining the protein-lipid interplay required to achieve an optimal neurotransmitter response. (iucr.org)
Solute transport on the sub 100 ms scale across the lipid bilayer membrane of individual proteoliposomes. (lu.se)
Structure and Stability of the Spinach Aquaporin SoPIP2;1 in Detergent Micelles and Lipid Membranes. (lu.se)
The aim of the present study is to characterize the molecular effect of different classes of molecules on SC lipid and protein components. (lu.se)
At normal relative humidity and ambient temperature, the main fraction of SC lipid and protein components are solid and highly ordered, while there is a very minor co-existing fraction that is fluid/mobile. (lu.se)
Through recent developments, Polarization Transfer Solid-State NMR (PT ssNMR) method together with almost complete peak assignment of SC components permits the detection of small changes in the molecular dynamics of the minor fluid lipid and protein components upon the added chemicals. (lu.se)

took the in situ approach one step further and showed the applicability of room temperature data collection for in meso / in situ crystallization (IMISX) and its use for high-throughput crystallography of membrane proteins crystallized in meso using the LCP technology. (iucr.org)
The Mouse Cytokine Array, Panel A utilizes capture antibodies spotted onto a nitrocellulose membrane to allow high-throughput multi-analyte profiling of 40 cytokines, chemokines, and more in a single sample. (rndsystems.com)

B ) Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) for immune pathways in the adrenal cortex of LPS versus PBS mice. (elifesciences.org)
Continuous protein pathways are composed of carrier proteins , channels and pumps . (wikibooks.org)

citation needed] This catalytic process is tightly regulated by reversible phosphorylation of different phosphoinositides and their affinity for different regulatory proteins. (wikipedia.org)

That is, transmembrane proteins span from one side of a membrane through to the other side of the membrane. (wn.com)

By generating action potentials in response to stimuli, these cells can then release substances that act as chemical messengers to affect other cells. (manchester.ac.uk)
For our studies, we use a technique called whole-cell patch-clamp recording, which allows us to record the electrical activity of motor neurons and detect possible changes in the specialized membrane proteins, which are necessary for producing action potentials. (mndresearch.blog)
This enables us to record the electrical signals (action potentials) in the motor neuron, which are required for muscle contraction. (mndresearch.blog)

The cholinergic postsynaptic membrane is an acetyl-choline receptor-rich membrane mediating fast chemical communication at the nerve-muscle synapse. (iucr.org)
The postsynaptic membrane, apposing the pre-synaptic nerve terminal, is where transmitter-gated ion channels are concentrated. (iucr.org)
The postsynaptic membrane, by eliciting this response, plays a critical role in determining the efficacy and speed of synaptic transmission. (iucr.org)
The cholinergic membrane of the nerve-muscle synapse is the best-understood postsynaptic membrane and its principles of operation serve to illuminate principles pertaining to the more complex synapses of the central nervous system. (iucr.org)
Structure of the ACh receptor in Torpedo postsynaptic membrane. (iucr.org)
Normal neuromuscular junction showing a presynaptic terminal with a motor nerve ending in an enlargement (bouton terminale): Synaptic cleft and postsynaptic membrane with multiple folds and embedded with several acetylcholine receptors. (medscape.com)

The target of the nanobodies was identified as the major outer membrane protein, a porin that contributes to bacterial virulence and viability. (biomedcentral.com)
however, Soon after the initial description of the typhus-like groups can be differentiated by outer membrane protein rickettsia, Williams et al. (cdc.gov)

X-ray crystallography of a membrane protein provided a structural understanding of how a single mutation can result in periodic muscle paralysis. (lbl.gov)
The structures were solved using protein crystallography data collected at ALS Beamlines 8.2.1 and 8.2.2 , part of the Berkeley Center for Structural Biology . (lbl.gov)

As you refer to in the paper you can certainly see that proteins appear to dimerize using fluorescent tags, and at Frederick we've used two or three different approaches to try to verify that kind of apparent dimerization in living cells or in cell membranes, using step photobleaching or FRET or BRET or visualizing fusion fluorescent proteins coming together in space. (cancer.gov)
DiA 4-(4-Dihexadecylaminostyryl)-N-methylpyridinium iodide) is a green fluorescent membrane dye which diffuses much faster than DiO in cell membranes. (biotium.com)

1998). Mutations in genes encoding IFT particle protein prevent ciliary set up in IFT particle protein are localized towards the hooking up cilium, and mice using a mutation in the Tg737/IFT88 subunit from the IFT particle type abnormal OSs accompanied by intensifying photoreceptor degeneration. (woofahs.com)
We have utilized peptide sequence extracted from purified particle protein to clone and series the genes, that have been used to recognize mammalian homologues in Genbank/EMBL/DDBJ then. (woofahs.com)
The expression of Popdc1-LacZ transgene as well as Popdc1 protein was elevated in The Popeye domain containing (Popdc) family is a highly evolutionary conserved gene family, which shows no homology to other genes. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
The genome of E. coli MG1655 is 4,641,642 bp, corresponding to 4702 genes encoding 4328 proteins. (encyclopedia.pub)
The genome size of E. coli strain K-12 MG1655 is 4,641,652 bp, corresponding to 4702 genes encoding 4328 proteins, 228 RNA genes, and 146 pseudogenes. (encyclopedia.pub)
NEW YORK (GenomeWeb) - The severity of malaria infections caused by Plasmodium falciparum in African children appears to be partly influenced by a locus falling near genes coding for glycophorin proteins involved in red blood cell invasion. (genomeweb.com)
After accounting for known malaria risky loci and other potential confounders such as parasite diversity, they narrowed in on a suspicious new chromosome 4 site falling between the FREM3 gene and the GYPE, GYPB, and GYPA genes, which code for glycophorin proteins expressed in the red blood cell membrane. (genomeweb.com)
The categories of species pangenome such as core, accessory, and unique genes sets can be analyzed for the identification of vaccine candidates through reverse vaccinology. (biomedcentral.com)
The bacterial pangenome concept was introduced in 2005 for analyzing pathogenic bacterial species and can be defined as the entire set of genes in a group of representative strains of the same genus/species. (biomedcentral.com)
Pangenome can be classified into conserved core genome (genes/proteins present in all the genomes), a dispensable genome (set of genes shared by multiple genomes, but not all) and unique genes (genes confined to individual organism/genomes) [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Evaluation of phenotypic markers and expression of matrisome genes and proteins were evaluated by RNA-sequencing, mass spectrometry and immunohistochemistry. (lu.se)

Venom from snakes, bees and scorpions contains proteins and peptides which, when separated from the other components and tested individually, can attach to cancer cell membranes. (scienceblog.com)
To solve this problem, the cell membrane contains proteins that are selective for unique, water soluble molecules. (wikibooks.org)

A transmembrane protein (TP) is a type of membrane protein spanning the entirety of the biological membrane to which it is permanently attached . (wn.com)
Transmembrane proteins are polytopic proteins that aggregate and precipitate in water. (wn.com)
All transmembrane proteins are integral membrane proteins (IMPs), but not all IMPs are transmembrane proteins. (wn.com)
Transmembrane protein 53 , or TMEM53 , is a protein that is encoded on chromosome 1 in humans. (wn.com)
Transmembrane protein 131 (TMEM131) is a protein that is encoded by the TMEM131 gene in humans. (wn.com)
The TMEM131 protein contains three domains of unknown function 3651 (DUF3651) and two transmembrane domains . (wn.com)
Biochemical examinations of Popdc1 showed that Popdc1 is a transmembrane protein. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
[ 6 ] Cation-Cl cotransporters are transmembrane proteins that include thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl co-transporter, loop diuretic-sensitive Na-K-2Cl co-transporters, and K-Cl co-transporters. (medscape.com)

It is a carbohydrate-binding lectin that has high affinity for sialic acid and N-acetylglucosamine and stains yeast bud scars as well as the cell membrane of gram+ bacteria and mammalian cells. (biotium.com)
The work sets the stage to rapidly make medicines that address rising antibiotic-resistant bacteria as well as new viruses at 40,000 doses per liter per day, costing about $1 per dose. (nsf.gov)

At present, the family consists of six sub-families comprising a total of 13 separate isoforms that differ in their mode of activation, expression levels, catalytic regulation, cellular localization, membrane binding avidity and tissue distribution. (wikipedia.org)
HSP90 inhibition may also enhance synaptic protein expression via activation of heat shock factor 1 (HSF-1) transcriptional regulation 16 . (nature.com)
Ion channels are membrane protein complexes that translocate ions across cell or organelle membranes, underlying a broad range of the most basic physiological processes from nerve and muscle excitability, to membrane potential setting, pH/cell volume regulation, secretion and absorption. (mdanderson.org)
Functional proteomics is aimed to understand proteins' biological function and their regulation by studying protein-protein interactions within and among multiprotein complexes through affinity purification and mass spectrometric analysis. (mdanderson.org)
OA messenger ribonucleic acidity (mRNA) and proteins are portrayed by individual and rodent osteoblasts [29 30 OA down-regulation reduces osteoblast differentiation and function [31]. (biomedigs.org)

Because of the low abundance of most native ion channel proteins in mammalian cells, the purified native ion channel complexes are commonly contaminated by an overwhelming number and/or amount of non-specifically co-purified proteins, which makes the downstream mass-spectrometric and functional analyses very difficult. (mdanderson.org)

Monoclonal antibodies developed against immunogenic proteins (Tumor Specific Antigens/TSA's) that are expressed in human cancers, display a unique behavioral pattern. (jcancer.org)
This includes the early recognition of these immunogenic membrane proteins that can serve as diagnostic markers, and the targeting of such markers for the destruction of the tumor, primarily thru ADCC. (jcancer.org)
The monoclonals (mAbs) that we have developed against specific immunogenic tumor membrane proteins have been studied in detail. (jcancer.org)
We were also able to define immunogenic membrane proteins from lung (squamous and adenoCa) as well as prostate neoplasms. (jcancer.org)
Almost at the same time, reverse vaccinology (RV) emerges as one of the applied approaches to assess the genomic sequences for prediction of novel candidate proteins and their immunogenic epitopes which may elicit protective immune responses [ 7 , 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The RV is a stepwise computational screening process that analyzes each protein from the whole set of bacterial proteome for its antigenic and immunogenic potentials. (biomedcentral.com)

It is important to note that research has also discovered that, in addition to the plasma membrane, phosphoinositide phospholipase C also exists within other sub-cellular regions such as the cytoplasm and nucleus of the cell. (wikipedia.org)
The hydrolytic products also go on to modulate the activity of downstream proteins important for cellular signaling. (wikipedia.org)
This results in a host of cellular responses through stimulation of calcium-sensitive proteins such as Calmodulin. (wikipedia.org)
Actively maintained close appositions, or contact sites, between organelle membranes, enable the efficient transfer of biomolecules between the various cellular compartments. (ucl.ac.uk)
We imaged split fluorescence reporters for six different contact sites, two of which have never been studied before, on the background of 1165 strains expressing a mCherry-tagged yeast protein that have a cellular punctate distribution (a hallmark of contact sites). (ucl.ac.uk)
You will learn about: the role of ion channels and ion transporter proteins, the relationship between cellular structure and the function of excitable cells, the features of the synapse that underpin fast chemical neurotransmission and its modification, and the methods used to analyse or predict cell excitability. (manchester.ac.uk)
In relation to membrane excitability, students should be able to describe in detail: (i) the key governing principles, (ii) the role of ion channels and ion transporter proteins, (iii) the relationship between cellular structure and the function of excitable cells, (iv) the features of the synapse that underpin fast chemical neurotransmission and its modification, and (v) the methods used to analyse or predict cell excitability. (manchester.ac.uk)
By cracking open a cellular membrane, Northwestern University synthetic biologists have discovered a new way to increase production yields of protein-based vaccines, significantly broadening access to potentially lifesaving medicines. (nsf.gov)
The team discovered that enriching cell-free extracts with cellular membranes -- the components needed to made conjugate vaccines -- vastly increased yields of its freeze-dried platform. (nsf.gov)
Chloride is mainly transported via electroneutral cation-Cl cotransporters, which allow Cl to always follow cations mainly Na and K across cellular membranes. (medscape.com)

including improvements in membrane protein overexpression, stabilization of proteins using antibodies or thermostabilizing mutations, and the enhancement of crystallization technologies such as crystallization in lipidic cubic phase (LCP, in meso crystallization). (iucr.org)
The disease has been known to stem from mutations in certain membrane proteins that channel and regulate the flow of sodium into cells. (lbl.gov)

Electron microscopy of two-dimensional (2D) crystals has demonstrated potential for structure determination of membrane proteins. (nih.gov)
Major problems often arise because membrane proteins frequently form tiny crystals, which either cannot be improved in size or which can be improved in size, but, as a consequence, lose diffraction quality. (iucr.org)
This is particularly true for membrane protein crystals, which are often very fragile because of their high solvent content and being very thin in one dimension. (iucr.org)
and standard procedures were then used for data collection from the membrane protein crystals, i.e. each crystal was centered in the beam and wedges of data were collected at room temperature. (iucr.org)
Wedges of data were collected from multiple different crystals (30-50 images per wedge, 0.2° rotation each), thus reducing the effects of radiation damage, and then they were merged to obtain a data set at 2.3 Å resolution (90% complete). (iucr.org)
Affinity tags can reduce merohedral twinning of membrane protein crystals. (lu.se)

These data supply the initial direct proof an IFT particle within a mammalian program and show the utility from the affinity-purified antibodies to IFT protein. (woofahs.com)
It is required by FDA that the potential effects of tumor control and toxicity be defined using the naked antibodies produced under GMP conditions, In those situations where patients with recurrent malignancies are to be studied we have come to realize that a number of factors can influence the response to monoclonal therapy. (jcancer.org)
Samples are mixed with a cocktail of biotinylated detection antibodies (Step 1) and then incubated with the array membrane which is spotted in duplicate with capture antibodies to specific target proteins (Step 2) . (rndsystems.com)

Dulhunty had set up electrophysiology experiments on a receptor from mammalian cardiac muscle fiber to measure its activity, and her initial measurements on the receptor's activity were going nicely. (the-scientist.com)
They also explored its potential as a therapeutic drug for use in preventing cardiac arrhythmias. (the-scientist.com)
In the present study it is shown that Popdc1 protein in the heart was predominantly localized to the intercalated disc, lateral membranes and T-tubularsystem, where it was co-localized with other cardiac membrane proteins such as Cav1.2, Caveolin 3 and NCX1. (uni-wuerzburg.de)

Many TPs function as gateways or "loading docks" to deny or permit the transport of specific substances across the biological membrane, to get into the cell, or out of the cell as in the case of waste byproducts. (wn.com)
As a response to the shape of certain molecules these "freight handling" TPs may have special ways of folding up or bending that will move a substance through the biological membrane. (wn.com)
Osmosis is very important in biological systems because many membranes are semipermeable. (wikibooks.org)

Depletion of PIP2 inactivates numerous effector molecules in the plasma membrane, most notably PIP2 dependent channels and transporters responsible for setting the cell's membrane potential. (wikipedia.org)
The new manufacturing platform -- called in vitro conjugate vaccine expression, or iVAX -- is made possible by cell-free synthetic biology, a process in which researchers remove a cell's outer wall or membrane and repurpose its internal machinery. (nsf.gov)

Phosphoinositide phospholipase C performs its catalytic function at the plasma membrane where the substrate PIP2 is present. (wikipedia.org)
The procedure has 3 main steps: 1) Front etch of 2 μm, in order eventually to dice the devices, 2) The electric circuit, which consists of the pads and the Interdigital Transducers (IDTs), were formed by the deposition of 20 nm Cr followed by 200 nm Au and 3) A back-etch of ~500-650 μm (depending on the thickness of the substrate) for forming the membrane. (science24.com)

The main aim of our research is to understand the molecular details and physiological roles of the multitude of water channel-like proteins present in plants and animals. (lu.se)

There are conflicting data on whether KRAS protein molecules form dimers. (cancer.gov)
When ΔG is positive the transport is active, an input of energy is needed to move a molecule up a concentration gradient, contrary to ΔG being negative the transport is passive, which means that such molecules will pass through a membrane down their own gradient, simple diffusion. (wikibooks.org)
Diffusion is the process by which molecules migrate over the cell membrane from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration. (wikibooks.org)

In the paper we go into detail also to show that the mutation doesn't affect some of the other known properties of RAS, membrane localization or nucleotide exchange or GTP hydrolysis, etc., those were not impacted, meaning that we believe that the finding here is truly due to dimerization, and opens some hopefully new therapeutic avenues for RAS mutant cancers. (cancer.gov)
By scoring both co-localization events and effects on reporter size and abundance, we discovered over 100 new potential contact site residents and effectors in yeast. (ucl.ac.uk)

Despite the enormous potential for pharmaceutical applications, the molecular details of the changes in the stratum corneum (SC) associated with high permeability in the presence of different added chemicals are still not fully understood. (lu.se)

Some SIV isolates, however, are antigenically more related to HIV-2 than to HIV-I by cross-reactivity of viral capsid and envelope proteins. (cdc.gov)

The reaction field component of the solvation energy is then, (rho_solute*phi_sol - rho_solute*phi_vac)/2, where "*" indicates a suitable sum or integral of charge times potential. (lu.se)

Mitochondrial proteins are degraded by autophagy in aged cells. (elifesciences.org)
Dulhunty and her colleagues were studying how the ryanodine receptor, a type of protein receptor, functions in muscle cells. (the-scientist.com)
An international team of researchers is studying the proteins found on the surface of cancer cells in an effort to improve mesothelioma diagnosis. (survivingmesothelioma.com)
A test to identify a set of proteins produced specifically by mesothelioma cells could greatly improve diagnostic accuracy. (survivingmesothelioma.com)
We will also look at the combination of mAbs with immunostimulants such as GMCSF and IL-2 (fusion proteins) and eventual conjugation of the mAbs with alpha and possibly B -emitters to help in targeting bystander cells. (jcancer.org)
They have devised a method for targeting venom proteins specifically to malignant cells while sparing healthy ones, which reduces or eliminates side effects that the toxins would otherwise cause. (scienceblog.com)
CellBrite™ Fix dyes are fluorogenic membrane dyes that covalently stain the plasma membrane in live cells. (biotium.com)
We also offer classic membrane and membrane potential dyes, including CellBrite™ and CellBrite™ NIR dyes , which are lipophilic carbocyanine dyes that stain the plasma membrane of cells and are non-toxic for long-term tracking. (biotium.com)
C ) GSEA for proteins associated with the innate immune response in CD31 - CD45 - adrenocortical cells of mice treated for 24 hr with PBS or LPS. (elifesciences.org)
E ) GSEA for proteins associated with carbohydrate metabolism in CD31 - CD45 - adrenocortical cells of LPS versus PBS mice. (elifesciences.org)
Immunofluorescence staining of patient-derived fibroblasts and HEK cells expressing the mutant protein showed distinct perinuclear aggregation not detected in control samples. (wustl.edu)
The development of biomimetic nanoparticles (NPs) has revolutionized the concept of nanomedicine by offering a completely new set of biocompatible materials to formulate innovative drug delivery systems capable of imitating the behavior of cells. (frontiersin.org)
Targeting EBNA1 allows for an immunotherapeutic approach by exploiting the potential of the immune system to recognize tumor cells through their expression of this viral antigen. (biospace.com)
Passive transport is the moving of biochemicals across membranes of cells without the use of chemical energy. (wikibooks.org)
The researchers have already demonstrated that the dendricolloids can be used to make membranes for growing live cells, or to create hydrophobic and hydrophilic coatings. (materialstoday.com)
At least two P. falciparum proteins bind host blood cells via interactions with the glycophorin proteins Glycophorin A and Glycophorin B, the team noted, consistent with a potential role for the glycophorin locus in helping to dodge severe malaria infection. (genomeweb.com)
The experimental set-up includes: a recording chamber - this is where the cells are placed and supplied with oxygenated artificial cerebral spinal fluid, mimicking their normal environment. (mndresearch.blog)
only those cells expressing this membrane protein were included, and 20,000 events were analyzed. (biomedcentral.com)
Osteoblast cells exhibit increasing degrees of OA proteins throughout their differentiation. (biomedigs.org)
a Flowchart of experimental set up, b chosen histone PTMs from the em N /em -terminal tail of H4, c assessment of discrete H4 acetylations between Amount159 and MCF7 cells. (researchensemble.com)

Sodium ions can continuously leak through this opening, causing sustained membrane depolarization, which paralyzes the muscle. (lbl.gov)

In the present study, we approached the preparation of leukosomes using a design of experiment (DoE) method to better understand the influence of experimental parameters on leukosomes features such as size, size distribution, and protein loading. (frontiersin.org)
These considerations included the application of the device, the materials to be used, the experimental set-up, as well as the geometry of device and the fabrication method. (science24.com)
1999. Henry's law constants for a diverse set of organic chemicals Experimental determination and comparison of estimation methods. (cdc.gov)

The EcoCyc database describes 532 transport reactions, 480 transporters, and 97 proteins involved in sugar transport. (encyclopedia.pub)
Additionally, numerous transporters with overlapping sugar specificities for monosaccharides increase the potential capability to transport glucose [ 6 ] , indicating the extraordinary capability and plasticity of transporting and growing glucose as a carbon source. (encyclopedia.pub)

Further reading: Function of calcium in humans DAG remains within the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane due to its hydrophobic character, where it recruits protein kinase C (PKC), which becomes activated in conjunction with binding calcium ions. (wikipedia.org)
Ryanodine is an ion channel, embedded in an internal membrane within the muscle cell, that surrounds a pocket of calcium ions. (the-scientist.com)
In a resting state, muscle-cell membranes keep potassium ions and sodium ions separated, inside and outside the cell, respectively, creating a voltage across the membrane. (lbl.gov)
A chemical signal from a nerve cell sets off a cascade of events that results in sodium ions flowing into the cell, changing the membrane potential and and ultimately triggering muscle contraction. (lbl.gov)

So Pan and his team at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign set out to solve this problem. (scienceblog.com)

Calculates the "solvation" of the molecule named by solute (for which there must be solute.pqr and solute.ogm files) inside the molecule named by protein (for which the must be a protein.pqr file) which is, in turn, in some solvent (water, by default). (lu.se)
The interior of the solute is presumed to have the dielectric constant, epsin1 (given by the -epsin1 flag) and regions interior to the protein but exterior to the solute are presumed to have the dielectric constant, epsin2 (given by the -epsin2 flag) and regions exterior to both protein and solute are presumed to have dielectric constant, epsext (80.0 by default). (lu.se)
The protein may contain charges and their interaction with the solute will contribute to "solvation energy. (lu.se)
The calculation works like this: First the potential due to the solute charges (call them rho_solute) in the above described dielectric environment is calculated. (lu.se)
Next the potential due to rho_solute is calculated in the vacuum dielectric environment described above. (lu.se)
We also need the contribution due to protein charges, rho_protein, interacting with the solute: rho_protein*phi_sol. (lu.se)

The present paper reviews the potential therapeutic value of such mAbs in the treatment of recurrent malignancies, especially those having failed chemotherapy in established clinical trials. (jcancer.org)
Ion channels have long been key therapeutic targets in disease intervention and pharmaceutical drug development because of their direct involvement in diverse diseases, vulnerability to small molecular modulation, and accessibility for direct activity measurement on cell membranes by patch-clamp recording from whole cell to single molecule levels. (mdanderson.org)
To our knowledge, this is the first report directly linking an endocannabinoid system component with human genetic disease and sets the stage for potential future therapeutic avenues. (wustl.edu)
Overall, our study offers a novel conceptual framework for biomimetic NPs using a DoE strategy and consolidates the high therapeutic potential of leukosomes as a viable drug delivery system for anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic applications. (frontiersin.org)

Researchers have shown that, under the right conditions, proteins can form tiny, current-carrying wires, for use in nanoelectronics. (materialstoday.com)
What's new in this case is that the researchers have discovered how to precisely control the structure of the resulting polymer soft matter by manipulating three sets of parameters during the manufacturing process. (materialstoday.com)
We are currently working with food science researchers to determine how protein microrods could be used to control the texture of some food products," Velev says. (materialstoday.com)
The researchers verified the malaria-related association at chromosome 4 site using Sequenom iPLEX MassArray genotyping on individuals from the discovery set and on almost 14,000 more malaria cases and controls from The Gambia, Ghana, Malawi, Tanzania, Burkina Faso, and Cameroon. (genomeweb.com)
Researchers in Human Genetics and Genomics Advances report that how researchers describe genomic studies may alienate potential participants. (genomeweb.com)

This is accomplished by increasing both the interaction strength and number of interactions among participant proteins, which is not necessarily accompanied by a change in expression levels. (nature.com)

E. coli nonspecifically transports glucose from the extracellular medium into the periplasmic space through the outer membrane porins. (encyclopedia.pub)
Osteoactivin (OA) has the capacity to regulate cell proliferation adhesion differentiation and synthesis of extracellular matrix protein in a variety of cell types [20-30]. (biomedigs.org)

87) to a rodent proteins known as NGD5 and a proteins known as OSM-6 (Cole et al. (woofahs.com)

A membrane-based antibody array for the parallel determination of the relative levels of selected mouse cytokines and chemokines. (rndsystems.com)
In this way, ITI's vaccines (DNA or RNA) have the potential to utilize the body's natural biochemistry to develop a broad immune response including antibody production, cytokine release, and critical immunological memory. (biospace.com)

Purification and characterization of two protein kinases acting on the aquaporin SoPIP2;1. (lu.se)

For charged species, an electrical potential is generated by an unequal distribution of ion charges across the membrane because "like" charges will be repelled. (wikibooks.org)
Taking the sum of the electrical terms and the concentration, electrical potential, generates the general expression. (wikibooks.org)
This early loss of function is associated with changes in specialised proteins called ion channels that generate electrical signals in motor neurons. (mndresearch.blog)
These findings suggest that loss of appropriate electrical signals may be an early step in the disease process and highlights ion channels as potential targets for future therapies. (mndresearch.blog)

Outcomes Vertebrate IFT particle protein The IFT particle comprises 17 protein. (woofahs.com)
1998). To see whether the four mammalian homologues can be found in a big complicated also, we fractionated cytoplasmic ingredients of mouse testis on sucrose gradients and analyzed the distribution from the IFT particle proteins by American blotting (Fig. 1, a and b). (woofahs.com)
The technique can also be used with a variety of natural biopolymers, such as plant proteins, and it could be used to support a variety of applications, such as the development of plant-based meat analogues, which requires precise control of protein particle morphologies at multiple length scales," says co-author Simeon Stoyanov of the Singapore Institute of Technology and Wageningen University in the Netherlands. (materialstoday.com)

All family members are capable of catalyzing the hydrolysis of PIP2, a phosphatidylinositol at the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane into the two second messengers, inositol trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). (wikipedia.org)
PH domain and C2 domain) that display affinity for different phospholipid components of the plasma membrane. (wikipedia.org)
Potential mechanisms include DAGLA haploinsufficiency at the plasma membrane or dominant negative effect. (wustl.edu)
Purification and Proteomic Analysis of Plant Plasma Membranes. (lu.se)
HvPIP1;6, a Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Plasma Membrane Water Channel Particularly Expressed in Growing Compared with Non-Growing Leaf Tissues. (lu.se)

Because enzymatic activity was preserved, the observed mislocalization of the truncated protein may account for the observed phenotype. (wustl.edu)

Loss of vacuole function triggers mitochondrial protein degradation. (elifesciences.org)
Pertinent to AD pathophysiology, heat shock protein 90 (HSP90)/co-chaperone complex folds tau or hyperphosphorylated tau, whereas heat shock protein 70-carboxyl-terminus of HSP70 Interacting protein (HSP70-CHIP) complex mediates degradation 13 , 14 . (nature.com)

The H is left holding the primary burden of the potential since it has both positive charge exposed and has lost magnetic additon to the O. When a H bond forms, the H has more to gain than the O, or else O would not have taken the extra charge in the first place within the single H2O molecule. (scienceforums.net)
Calculates the potential due to the molecule, MolName (a name specified on the command line), whose coordinates radii, and charges are specified in a file MolName.pqr , and writes out its values at points specified by the MolName.fpt file. (lu.se)

The aim of this module is to give students the strongest grounding in our current understanding of excitable cell pharmacology and physiology through study of the key elements of membrane excitability. (manchester.ac.uk)
It will also provide a solid theoretical framework in membrane excitability irrespective of which degree programme the students are pursuing. (manchester.ac.uk)
Simulation of excitable membrane behaviour to expand understanding of the Nernst equation and the ionic basis for excitability. (manchester.ac.uk)

IFT proteins in mouse testis and retina IFT contaminants sediment as 17S complexes (Cole et al. (woofahs.com)
We started hypothesizing that the most obvious interpretation of interference was from subunit poisoning by wild type proteins with mutant proteins into complexes, where maximum signal output would require both the proteins to be in the active state persistently, and that having a wild type protein would be like a sort of flat tire and would be a much less efficient complex than a sort of double barreled mutant RAS. (cancer.gov)

Biochemical methane-potential (BMP) assays performed on the excess sludge revealed that scheme A promoted an overall increase of methane production in the OSA (20 mLCH 4 gVSS −1 d −1 , +19%), although compared with a control CAS plant a significant decrease in the excess sludge production (31%) was obtained. (mdpi.com)
A significant decrease in time and cost is observed using this strategy instead of culturing the whole microorganism to identify potential vaccine candidates (PVCs) [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy49

Organisms19

Chemicals and Drugs100

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment23

Phenomena and Processes57

Disciplines and Occupations4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture5

Information Science4

Health Care1

Mitochondrial membrane potential6

Lipids3

Intracellular7

Lipid18

High-throughput2

Pathways2

Regulatory proteins1

Side of a membrane1

Action potentials3

Postsynaptic membrane6

Outer membrane protein2

Crystallography2

Fluorescent2

Genes11

Contains proteins2

Transmembrane8

Bacteria2

Regulation5

Mammalian cells1

Immunogenic6

Cellular10

Mutations2

Crystals6

Antibodies3

Cardiac3

Biological3

Cell's2

Substrate2

Physiological1

Molecules3

Localization2

Permeability1

Cross reactivity1

Integral1

Cells20

Depolarization1

Experimental3

Transporters2

Ions4

Solve this problem1

Solute6

Therapeutic4

Researchers5

Interactions1

Extracellular2

Rodent1

Antibody2

Kinases1

Electrical4

Particle3

Plasma5

Phenotype1

Degradation2

Molecule2

Excitability3

Complexes2

Decrease2