We now provide evidence that two growth-regulated, nucleus- and cytoplasm-localized protein kinases, 90-kDa ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase), contribute to the serum-induced phosphorylation of c-Fos. (nih.gov)
Although considered RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S6 KINASES, members of this family are activated via the MAP KINASE SIGNALING SYSTEM and have been shown to act on a diverse array of substrates that are involved in cellular regulation such as RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S6 and CAMP RESPONSE ELEMENT-BINDING PROTEIN. (uams.edu)
Incorporation of these electrophiles into a noncovalent kinase-recognition scaffold produced slowly dissociating, covalent inhibitors of the p90 ribosomal protein S6 kinase RSK2. (rcsb.org)
Herein, we showed that glibenclamide promoted insulin release and further activated autophagy through the adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP) activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway in MIN-6 cells. (hindawi.com)
Autophagy is either positively mediated by the adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP) activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway [ 12 ], or negatively mediated by the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
Active mTORC1 phosphorylates the eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein-1 (4E-BP1) and 40S ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) to promote protein synthesis [ 3 , 4 ]. (springer.com)
Conversely, during starvation mTORC1 is inhibited and autophagy is induced by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), leading to generation of intracellular nutrients and energy during degradation of non-functional or non-essential organelles or protein aggregates [ 4 , 6 ], in turn contributing to cell survival. (springer.com)
Markedly, we found that suppression of HIF-1α accumulation by celastrol correlated with strong dephosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and its effectors, ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K) and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), pathways known to regulate HIF-1α expression at the translational level. (spandidos-publications.com)
For instance, it can be activated by oncogenic mutations of PTEN, VHL, the RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. (spandidos-publications.com)
PI3KCA E545K expression conferred resistance to MEKi plus CDK4i in NRAS-mutant melanoma cell lines and increased phosphorylation of S6 and its upstream kinase S6K1. (aacrjournals.org)
RPS6KB1(Ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1) is also named as STK14A, p70 S6KA and belongs to the S6 kinase subfamily. (ptglab.com)
Most protein kinases share a common ePK (eukaryotic protein kinase) catalytic domain, and can be identified by sequence similarity with Blast or profile hidden Markov models (HMMs). (wormbook.org)
We identified 438 protein kinase genes, including 20 atypical kinases, and an additional 25 kinase fragments or pseudogenes. (wormbook.org)
The ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) is one of two mammalian p70-RSK proteins, acting as a downstream mediator of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway and/or the Ras-MAPK pathway . (axonmedchem.com)
p90 ribosomal S6 kinase and p70 ribosomal S6 kinase link phosphorylation of the eukaryotic chaperonin containing TCP-1 to growth factor, insulin, and nutrient signaling. (axonmedchem.com)
ROS decreased the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase signaling, while overexpression of IRS-1 attenuated this inhibition. (biomedcentral.com)
The main IRS-1 downstream signaling pathways include type I phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt (PKB: protein kinase B), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). (biomedcentral.com)
Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 90-kDa" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (uams.edu)
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 90-kDa" by people in UAMS Profiles by year, and whether "Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 90-kDa" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (uams.edu)
Below are the most recent publications written about "Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 90-kDa" by people in Profiles over the past ten years. (uams.edu)
It is the major substrate of protein kinases in the ribosome, with subsets of five C-terminal serine residues phosphorylated by different protein kinases. (genetex.com)
Protein kinases are one of the largest and most influential of gene families: constituting some 2% of the proteome, they regulate almost all biochemical pathways and may phosphorylate up to 30% of the proteome. (wormbook.org)
Protein kinases constitute one of the largest and most important of protein families, accounting for ~2% of genes in a variety of eukaryotic genomes. (wormbook.org)
By phosphorylating substrate proteins, kinases modify the activity, location and affinities of up to 30% of all cellular proteins, and direct most cellular processes, particularly in signal transduction and co-ordination of complex pathways. (wormbook.org)
The remaining atypical protein kinases (aPK) belong to several families, some of which have structural, but not sequence similarity to ePKs. (wormbook.org)
The p70 ribosomal S6 kinases (S6K) and p90 ribosomal S6 kinases (RSK) are distinct families of Ser/Thr kinases (EC 2.7.11.1) that regulate diverse cellular processes by phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 (Rps6). (axonmedchem.com)
A family of protein serine/threonine kinases which act as intracellular signalling intermediates. (bvsalud.org)
Ribosomal protein S6 kinases are activated through phosphorylation in response to a variety of HORMONES and INTERCELLULAR SIGNALING PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS. (bvsalud.org)
Although specific for RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S6 members of this class of kinases can act on a number of substrates within the cell. (bvsalud.org)
Pathways leading to the induction of human eS6 phosphorylation have been found to enhance IL-8 protein synthesis. (wikipedia.org)
S6 is activated downstream of mTOR, and additional inhibition of mTOR or S6K1 reduced S6 phosphorylation and resensitized PI3KCA E545K cells to MEKi plus CDK4i. (aacrjournals.org)
Ribosomes, the organelles that catalyze protein synthesis, consist of a small 40S subunit and a large 60S subunit. (ebiocell.com)
This gene encodes a cytoplasmic ribosomal protein that is a component of the 40S subunit. (genetex.com)
MTOR1
Similarly, primary cilia have been implicated in regulation of mTOR signaling, in which Tuberous Sclerosis Complex proteins 1 and 2 (TSC1/2) negatively regulate protein synthesis by inactivating the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) at energy limiting states. (springer.com)
Synthesis4
In the presence of nutrients, mTORC1 is activated and promotes cell growth, including protein synthesis and energy storage. (springer.com)
Insulin reduces blood amino acid concentrations by limiting the release of amino acids into the bloodstream from skeletal muscle 18 , 20 and promoting protein synthesis in the liver and other tissues 3 . (biorxiv.org)
Further analysis revealed that celastrol inhibited HIF-1α protein synthesis, without affecting the expression level of HIF-1α mRNA or degradation of HIF-1α protein. (spandidos-publications.com)
It plays a key role in cell growth and proliferation by regulating INS sensitivity, metabolism, protein synthesis, and cell cycle. (ptglab.com)
Genes2
As is typical for genes encoding ribosomal proteins, there are multiple processed pseudogenes of this gene dispersed through the genome. (genetex.com)
This compound markedly decreased the hypoxia-induced accumulation of HIF-1α protein dose-dependently, whereas it did not affect the expressions of HIF-1β and topoisomerase-I (topo‑I). Furthermore, celastrol prevented hypoxia-induced expression of HIF-1 target genes for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and erythropoietin (EPO). (spandidos-publications.com)
Specificity1
The specificity of mAb N5-676 was confirmed by western blot analysis using unconjugated Mouse anti-S6 (pS244) antibody on lysates from untreated (lane 1) or PMA-treated (lane 2) PBMC. (bdbiosciences.com)
Enzymes1
RSK phosphorylates a variety of proteins, including transcription factors, immediate-early gene products, translational regulators, enzymes, and structural proteins, that potentially link it to many biological processes such as cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and survival. (axonmedchem.com)
Peptides1
Our results establish a chemistry-based framework for engineering sustained covalent inhibition without accumulating permanently modified proteins and peptides. (rcsb.org)
Substrate1
The insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins are a family of cytoplasmic adaptor proteins recognized for their role in insulin signaling. (biomedcentral.com)
Ribosome1
The phosphorylated form of 40S ribosome protein S6 is thus a marker for mTORC1 activity. (springer.com)
P627531
Ribosomal+Protein+S6 at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: P62753 (Human 40S ribosomal protein S6) at the PDBe-KB. (wikipedia.org)
Cytoplasmic1
2017. Cytoplasmic poly (A) binding protein (PABPC2) critically regulates epidermal maintenance and turnover in planarian Schmidtea mediterranea. . (ncbs.res.in)
Structural Classifi1
SCOP: Structural Classification of Proteins and ASTRAL. (berkeley.edu)
Structurally1
Together these subunits are composed of 4 RNA species and approximately 80 structurally distinct proteins. (genetex.com)
Nucleus1
2018. FMRP Interacts with C/D Box snoRNA in the Nucleus and Regulates Ribosomal RNA Methylation. . (ncbs.res.in)
Gene3
Specifically, the PDCD4 protein combines directly with the mRNA coding region of the target gene ( MYB/c-MYB ) to block translation [2] . (plos.org)
One of the few antigens against which mammals develop protective immunity is the highly polymorphic OspC protein, encoded by the ospC gene on the cp26 plasmid. (cdc.gov)
By means of DNA sequencing of a large sample collection of the pathogen from across the United States, we studied the gene for the bacterium's highly diverse OspC protein, protective immunity against which develops in animals. (cdc.gov)
Detects1
S6 Ribosomal Protein Mouse Monoclonal Antibody detects endogenous levels of S6 Ribosomal Protein protein. (ebiocell.com)
Phosphorylate1
Receptor stimulation leads to concerted activation of two pathways, ERK/p90RSK and PI3K/AKT, which converge to phosphorylate and inactivate the pro-apoptotic protein BAD. (duke.edu)
MRNA2
The protein may contribute to the control of cell growth and proliferation through the selective translation of particular classes of mRNA. (genetex.com)
Application of unidirectional pulsatile shear stress to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) decreased PDCD4 protein but not mRNA level. (plos.org)
RPS6KB11
RPS6KB1 is a 70 kDa protein and has 5 isoforms with the calculated molecular mass of 51-59 kDa produced by alternative initiation. (ptglab.com)
Binds2
Protein binding assays determined that bystin binds directly to trophinin and tastin, and that binding is enhanced when cytokeratins 8 and 18 are present. (nih.gov)
IRS-1 protein binds to several oncogene proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Heterodimeric1
The heterodimeric TSC complex negatively regulates mTORC1 activity via the GTPase activity of TSC2, towards the small G-protein RHEB (Ras homologue enriched in brain) [ 5 ]. (springer.com)
Autophagy is a self-protective pathway of cell catabolism that allows cells to degrade misfolded proteins or damaged organelles, providing energy for cells and maintaining their homeostasis [ 10 , 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
Family1
CD184 is a member of the G-protein-coupled chemokine receptor family with seven membrane-spanning domains, and functions as a coreceptor for X4 HIV-1 entry into CD4+ cells. (thermofisher.com)
Pathway1
Anti-apoptotic effects as well as pathway activities can be stimulated by an angiotensin analog (SII), which has been previously shown to activate beta-arrestin but not G protein-dependent signaling, and are abrogated by beta-arrestin-2 small interfering RNA. (duke.edu)
Human2
Analysis of S6 (pS244) in activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). (bdbiosciences.com)
Unless otherwise stated all data on this page refer to the human proteins. (guidetopharmacology.org)
Rabbit1
Confocal immunofluorescent analysis of HeLa cells, insulin-treated (left) and LY294002-treated (#9901, right), using Phospho-S6 Ribosomal Protein (Ser240/244) (D68F8) XP ® Rabbit mAb (Alexa Fluor 488 ® Conjugate) (green). (cellsignal.com)
Levels1
Evidence for GO induced autophagy includes increased levels of isoform B-II microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), aggregation of green fluorescence protein-tagged LC3, and increased numbers of autophagic vacuoles in cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Cells4
S6 (pS244) is identified as a band of 32 kDa, with increased intensity in the PMA-treated cells. (bdbiosciences.com)
In vivo studies further confirmed the inhibitory effect of celastrol on the expression of HIF-1α proteins, leading to a decreased growth of Hep3B cells in a xenograft tumor model. (spandidos-publications.com)
Both proteins were localized in the cytoplasm of the syncytiotrophoblast in the chorionic villi and in endometrial decidual cells at the uteroplacental interface. (nih.gov)
En face co-immunostaining of the mouse aortic arch revealed a low level of PDCD4 in endothelial cells undergoing pulsatile shear stress. (plos.org)