Proteins replication. Medical search. Frequent questions

Although the structures of rotavirus and other members of the Reoviridae have been extensively studied, little is known about the structures of virus-encoded non-structural proteins that are essential for genome replication and packaging. (nih.gov)
Several RNA binding sites, resulting from the quaternary organization of NSP2 monomers, may be required for the helix destabilizing activity of NSP2 and its function during genome replication and packaging. (nih.gov)
The human papillomavirus (HPV) E2 protein is a multifunctional protein essential for the control of virus gene expression, genome replication and persistence. (microbiologyresearch.org)
These proteins are essential for viral mRNA synthesis and genome replication, and consequently they constitute attractive targets for drug design. (hal.science)

Replication protein A (RPA) is the main eukaryotic ssDNA-binding protein with essential roles in DNA replication, recombination, and repair. (anl.gov)
In cells arrested in S-phase with hydroxyurea, WRN localizes to discrete nuclear foci that coincide with those formed by the single-stranded DNA binding protein replication protein A. These results are consistent with a model in which WRN prevents aberrant recombination events at sites of stalled replication forks by dissociating recombination intermediates. (ox.ac.uk)

2023). Human Post-Translational SUMOylation Modification of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein Enhances Its Interaction Affinity with Itself and Plays a Critical Role in Its Nuclear Translocation. (news-medical.net)

Replication initiation of the broad host range plasmid RK2 requires binding of the host-encoded DnaA protein to specific sequences (DnaA boxes) at its replication origin ( oriV ). (sri.com)
DNase I footprint, gel mobility shift, and surface plasmon resonance analyses showed that the DnaA proteins from Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas putida , and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bind to the DnaA boxes at oriV and are capable of inducing open complex formation, the first step in the replication initiation process. (sri.com)
Here, we present evidence that fission yeast replication origins are specifically associated with proteins that participate in initiation of replication. (elsevierpure.com)
The results suggest that the fission yeast ORC specifically interacts with chromosomal replication origins and that Mcm proteins are loaded onto the origins to play a role in initiation of replication. (elsevierpure.com)
In this chapter, we mainly discuss the coordination regulations between DNA replication initiation and other cell cycle events that ensure genomic integrity. (intechopen.com)
DNA replication occurs once and only once per cell cycle mainly regulated by DNA replication initiation factors in eukaryotic cells. (intechopen.com)
The pre-replication complex (pre-RC) assembly or the DNA replication licensing is the first step in DNA replication initiation, characterized by the sequential recruitment of ORCs, Cdc6, Cdt1 and MCMs to the DNA replication origins to form the pre-RC at the end of mitosis ( Bell and Dutta 2002 ). (intechopen.com)
In this study, we revisit and significantly extend the initiator-titration model, proposed thirty years ago, and explain how bacteria precisely and robustly control replication initiation based on the mechanism of protein copy-number sensing. (211.103.179)
We also study the stability of our model analytically and show that initiation can become unstable in multifork replication conditions. (211.103.179)
Using simulations, we further show that the presence of the conversion between active and inactive initiator protein forms significantly represses initiation instability. (211.103.179)
Our results answer two long-standing questions in replication initiation: (1) Why do bacteria produce almost two orders of magnitude more DnaA, the master initiator proteins, than required for initiation? (211.103.179)
He mainly focuses on experiments and theory about E. coli DNA replication initiation. (211.103.179)

The involvement of viral DNA-binding proteins in the regulation of virulence genes, transcription, DNA replication, and repair make them significant targets. (mdpi.com)
In contrast, the minichromosome maintenance (Mcm) proteins, SpMcm2p and SpMcm6p, encoded by the nda1 + /cdc19 + and mis5 + genes, respectively, were associated with chromatin DNA only during the G 1 and S phases. (elsevierpure.com)
In contrast, the minichromosome maintenance (Mcm) proteins, SpMcm2p and SpMcm6p, encoded by the nda1+/cdc19+ and mis5+ genes, respectively, were associated with chromatin DNA only during the G1 and S phases. (elsevierpure.com)
Cloned genes frequently fail to communicate protein that are soluble or crystallizable, and even though crystals are acquired they sometimes usually do not create high res x-ray diffraction data, leading to low gene-to-structure achievement prices (typically 10%) for large-scale attempts. (pkc-inhibitor.com)
All HPV subtypes contain early (E) genes and late (L) genes, which are essential to viral integration and replication. (medscape.com)
L genes encode viral capsid proteins. (medscape.com)
E genes are responsible for episomal replication. (medscape.com)
Once in the right place, the protein can begin putting copies of its genes into new infectious virus particles, invading more of our cells, and making us sicker. (news-medical.net)

Biophysical Analysis of the N-Terminal Domain from the Human Protein Phosphatase 1 Nuclear Targeting Subunit PNUTS Suggests an Extended Transcription Factor TFIIS-Like Fold. (nih.gov)
Using cell-based assays, we show that co-expression of L1 and E2 results in enhanced transcription and virus origin-dependent DNA replication. (microbiologyresearch.org)
First, we summarize the recent structural and functional advances on the molecules involved in filovirus replication/transcription cycle, particularly the NP, VP30, VP35 proteins, and the "large" protein L, which harbors the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and mRNA capping activities. (hal.science)
Recent breakthroughs have uncovered more and more DNA replication licensing machinery proteins (ORC, Cdc6, Cdt1, geminin, etc.) functioning in other cell cycle events, including centrosome replication, mitotic events, transcription and so on. (intechopen.com)
Using protein-protein interaction assays, we demonstrated that LEDGF/p75 complexes with a chromatin-remodeling complex facilitates chromatin transcription (FACT), a heterodimer of the structure-specific recognition protein 1 (SSRP1) and the human homolog of suppressor of Ty 16 (hSpt16). (elsevierpure.com)

Replication protein A 14 kDa subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RPA3 gene. (wikipedia.org)
Cloning, overexpression, and genomic mapping of the 14-kDa subunit of human replication protein A". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. (wikipedia.org)

ITZ also inhibits hepatitis C virus replication, which also relies on OSBP. (bvsalud.org)

 Originrecognitioncomplex(ORC)   Actsasthe initiator of eukaryotic DNA replication. (slideshare.net)

In contrast to a chromosomal replication origin, which functionally interacts only with the native DnaA protein of the organism, the ability of RK2 to replicate in a wide range of Gram-negative bacterial hosts requires the interaction of oriV with many different DnaA proteins. (sri.com)
Follow-up research on these inhibitors can eliminate UNBS5162 IC50 nonspecific toxicity, set up pharmacokinetic/powerful properties, and determine focus on proteins in the Mtb organism. (pkc-inhibitor.com)
Proteomics is the study of all the proteins that an organism makes, how they are modified by other enzymes, and the roles they play in a living organism. (news-medical.net)

The ORC-Cdc6 complex (product 1) assembles in step 1 around origin DNA and with the help of another replication initiator protein, Cdt1, it recruits the Mcm2-7 hexamer to the origin in step 2. (nature.com)

We therefore screened the NIH Clinical Collection (NCC), a library of drug-like small molecules, for inhibitors of DENV replication using a cell line that contains a stably replicating DENV serotype 2 (DENV2) subgenomic replicon. (bris.ac.uk)
This tool enables researchers to define potential targets for inhibitors of replication. (leica-microsystems.com)

Telomeres and DNA Replication Telomeres: Theendsof eukaryoticchromosomes (chromosomes arelinear) Neededfor chromosomal integrity andstability. (slideshare.net)

RPA maintains the DNA as single-stranded and also interacts with other DNA-processing proteins, coordinating their assembly and disassembly on DNA. (anl.gov)
Detailed analysis of the interaction of LEDGF/p75 with the FACT complex indicates that LEDGF/p75 interacts with SSRP1 in an hSpt16-independent manner that requires the PWWP domain of LEDGF proteins and the HMG domain of SSRP1. (elsevierpure.com)

Additionally, UDG and apurinic-apyrimidinic endonuclease treatment of viral DNA isolated from phi29-infected cells revealed that uracil residues arise in phi29 DNA during replication, probably as a result of misincorporation of dUMP by the phi29 DNA polymerase. (nih.gov)
Replication of IAV is carried out by the RNA-dependent RNA viral polymerase that functions as a heterotrimeric complex, formed from separate components PA, PB1 and PB2. (nature.com)

The Origin Recognition Complex (ORC) binds to sites in chromosomes to specify the location of origins of DNA replication. (nature.com)
The S. cerevisiae ORC binds to specific DNA sequences throughout the cell cycle but becomes active only when it binds to the replication initiator Cdc6. (nature.com)
RPA binds to ssDNA in two conformational states with opposing affinities for DNA and proteins. (anl.gov)
The RepA protein binds to DNA repeats that flank the repA gene. (nih.gov)
ITZ binds OSBP and inhibits its function, i.e., shuttling of cholesterol and phosphatidylinositol -4- phosphate between membranes , thereby likely perturbing the virus -induced membrane alterations essential for viral replication organelle formation. (bvsalud.org)

J.H.Taylor confirmed semi conservative replication of DNA in Vicia faba chromosomes in 1963. (biologyexams4u.com)
We have previously shown that replication of fission yeast chromosomes is initiated in distinct regions. (elsevierpure.com)
In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae , there are over 400 origins of DNA replication located on 16 chromosomes and they can function as autonomously replicating sequences (ARSs) when inserted into a plasmid 19 . (nature.com)

To identify novel KSHV antiviral targets, we propose to identify virus-specific protein functions and protein conformations by employing highly specialized electron microscopy methods to directly visualize purified KSHV DNA replication proteins and viral DNA sequences during the formation of the DNA replication fork at the viral origins of replication. (nccu.edu)
However, DnaA proteins from two Gram-positive bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Streptomyces lividans , while capable of specifically interacting with the DnaA box sequences at oriV , do not bind stably and fail to induce open complex formation. (sri.com)
Analyses of autonomous replicating sequences have suggested that regions required for replication are very different from those in budding yeast. (elsevierpure.com)

Antiviral Research, 2016), we reviewed the role of the filovirus surface glycoprotein in replication and as a target for drugs and vaccines. (hal.science)
In this review, we focus on recent findings on the filovirus replication machinery and how they could be used for the identification of new therapeutic targets and the development of new antiviral compounds. (hal.science)
We then describe how these insights into filovirus replication mechanisms and the structure/function characterization of the involved proteins have led to the development of new and innovative antiviral strategies that may help reduce the filovirus disease case fatality rate through post-exposure or prophylactic treatments. (hal.science)
Knockdown of OSBP inhibits virus replication , whereas overexpression of OSBP or ORP4 counteracts the antiviral effects of ITZ and OSW-1. (bvsalud.org)
Together, these data implicate OSBP/ORP4 as molecular targets of ITZ and point to an essential role of OSBP/ORP4-mediated lipid exchange in virus replication that can be targeted by antiviral drugs . (bvsalud.org)

Enriched metabolic pathways for both total fat (%) and fat distribution included protein synthesis, branched-chain amino acids biosynthesis and metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism. (lu.se)

The non-structural protein NSP2 of rotavirus, which exhibits nucleoside triphosphatase, single-stranded RNA binding, and nucleic-acid helix-destabilizing activities, is a major component of viral replicase complexes. (nih.gov)
SCOP: Structural Classification of Proteins and ASTRAL. (berkeley.edu)
SCOPe: Structural Classification of Proteins - extended. (berkeley.edu)
We investigate and characterise the tightly orchestrated sequence of events during different stages of the infection cycle by visualising the spatiotemporal dynamics of the four structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 at high resolution. (cam.ac.uk)
An international collaboration between the UCL School of Pharmacy, the Lund Protein Production Platform (LP3) and ESS, through its DEMAX platform, have performed biophysical and structural studies of three non-structural proteins from the novel coronavirus, SARS CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19. (lu.se)

In previous studies, we suggested that this inhibition is likely a defense mechanism developed by phage phi29 to prevent the action of UDG if uracilation occurs in DNA either from deamination of cytosine or the incorporation of dUMP during viral DNA replication. (nih.gov)
On the other hand, the action of UDG on uracil-containing phi29 DNA impaired in vitro viral DNA replication, which was prevented by the presence of protein p56. (nih.gov)
Thus, our data support a model in which protein p56 ensures an efficient viral DNA replication, preventing the deleterious effect caused by UDG when it eliminates uracil residues present in the phi29 genome. (nih.gov)
We infer that the stringent species and tissue specificities observed for papillomaviruses in vivo are not entirely due to direct restrictions on viral DNA replication. (elsevierpure.com)

Unexpectedly, matched or even mixed combinations of E1 and E2 proteins from HPV-11 or BPV-1 replicated either ori in human, monkey, and rodent cell lines of epithelial or fibroblastic lineage, albeit with varied efficiencies. (elsevierpure.com)

E2 is expressed throughout the differentiation-dependent virus life cycle and is functionally regulated by association with multiple viral and cellular proteins. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Here, we show for the first time to our knowledge that HPV16 E2 directly associates with the major capsid protein L1, independently of other viral or cellular proteins. (microbiologyresearch.org)

A lot of vaccine applicants are under advancement, based either overall pathogen (inactivated or attenuated infections), nonreplicating viral vectors expressing SARS-CoV-2 antigens, nucleic acidity (mRNA or DNA), and subunits (proteins or virus-like contaminants) (7, 8). (spierarchitecturalarts.com)

Because Pfizer's pill isn't affected by changes in the spike protein, Dolsten says he expects the new drug will work equally well against any variant of the coronavirus, including omicron. (kpbs.org)

Identification of a new dengue virus inhibitor that targets the viral NS4B protein and restricts genomic RNA replication. (bris.ac.uk)
Using a transient subgenomic replicon, we demonstrate that SDM25N restricts genomic RNA replication rather than translation of the viral genome. (bris.ac.uk)
In conclusion, we have identified a new DENV inhibitor, SDM25N, which restricts genomic RNA replication by - directly or indirectly - targeting the viral NS4B protein. (bris.ac.uk)
The precise regulations of pre-RC protein levels and assembly are effective ways to prevent reassembly of de novo MCM2-7 onto the replicated origins to re-license and re-replicate the genomic DNA in the subsequent phases of the same cell cycle ( Figure 1) . (intechopen.com)
Some viruses have an outer envelope consisting of protein and lipid, surrounding a protein capsid complex with genomic RNA or DNA and sometimes enzymes needed for the first steps of viral replication. (msdmanuals.com)

The study found evidence of SARS-CoV-2 replication in all analyzed human autopsy coronaries regardless of their pathological classification, although viral replication was highest in early-stage lesions that progress to more advanced atherosclerotic plaques. (medscape.com)
Classification of viruses is principally according to their genome sequence taking into consideration nature and structure of their genome and their method of replication, but not according to the diseases they cause (see International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), 2021 release ). (msdmanuals.com)

Characterization of the human papillomavirus E2 protein: evidence of trans-activation and trans-repression in cervical keratinocytes. (microbiologyresearch.org)
[1] is a useful tool for the characterization of the replication cycle of SARS-CoV-2. (leica-microsystems.com)

Like all viruses, they require utilization of host molecular machinery to facilitate their replication through physical interactions. (escholarship.org)
The results illuminate the molecular mechanism of a critical biochemical step in the licensing of eukaryotic replication origins. (nature.com)
Although primarily based on observations made with TCV, this new model could be broadly applicable to other viruses as it provides a molecular basis for maintaining virus genome fidelity in the face of the error-prone nature of virus replication process. (frontiersin.org)
The papers cover recent results on the topology and geometry of DNA and protein knotting using techniques from knot theory, spatial graph theory, differential geometry, molecular simulations, and laboratory experimentation. (ams.org)

Their RNA genomes are translated using host ribosomes, synthesizing viral proteins that cooperate with each other and host proteins to reshape the host cell into a factory for virus replication. (escholarship.org)
Here, we review protein interactions between flavivirus and host proteins that contribute to virus replication, immune evasion, and disease. (escholarship.org)
Our data show that relocalization occurs for SNAP47 during autophagy induction, and is required for normal virus replication. (umaryland.edu)
We characterized an H9N2 virus from a pet market in Bangladesh and demonstrated replication in samples from pet birds, swine tissues, human airway and ocular cells, and ferrets. (cdc.gov)
In particular, they looked for proteins crucial for the virus to replicate once it infected someone. (kpbs.org)
Research has shed light on the SARS-CoV-2 virus replication kinetics, adaption capabilities, and cytopathology. (leica-microsystems.com)
Ogando and co-workers [1] investigated virus replication in infected Vero E6 cells with immunofluorescence microscopy. (leica-microsystems.com)
The research team discovered that cells that line our lungs and other tissues express a protein, phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1), that can halt SARS-CoV-2 replication in its tracks before the virus spreads to nearby cells. (medicalxpress.com)
E proteins made by the viral genome promote the activation of host DNA replication mechanisms that can then be used by the virus during its own replication. (medscape.com)
The protein in COVID that enables the virus to make copies of itself, called N, requires the help of human cells to perform its job. (news-medical.net)
COVID takes advantage of a human post-translation process called SUMOylation, which directs the virus' N protein to the right location for packaging its genome after infecting human cells. (news-medical.net)
Blocking access to the human proteins would allow our immune systems to kill the virus. (news-medical.net)
Currently the most effective treatment for COVID is Paxlovid, which inhibits virus replication. (news-medical.net)
This report updates and supersedes previous recommendations (MMWR 1991;40{No. RR-5}:27-33) for the use of anergy skin testing in conjunction with purified protein derivative (PPD)-tuberculin skin testing of persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (cdc.gov)

1. Unwindingof DNADuplex:  Helicase enzyme  Topoisomerase  Single Stranded Binding Proteins 1. (slideshare.net)

Thus, dissecting the physical interactions between viral proteins and their host protein targets is essential in our comprehension of how flaviviruses replicate and how they alter host cell behavior. (escholarship.org)

A DNA-binding protein that consists of 5 polypeptides and plays an essential role in DNA REPLICATION in eukaryotes. (childrensmercy.org)

Protein p56 encoded by the Bacillus subtilis phage phi29 inhibits host uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG) activity. (nih.gov)
Itraconazole inhibits enterovirus replication by targeting the oxysterol-binding protein. (bvsalud.org)
We demonstrate that ITZ inhibits viral RNA replication by targeting oxysterol - binding protein (OSBP) and OSBP-related protein 4 (ORP4). (bvsalud.org)

In the present two-cohorts exploration-replication study (180 participants in each cohort), serum samples from PiNS participants were analyzed with the Olink INFLAMMATION panel (Olink Bioscience, Uppsala, Sweden) which enables the simultaneous measurement of 92 inflammation-related proteins (mainly cytokines, chemokines and growth factors). (ox.ac.uk)
In both the exploration and the replication cohort, we identified a high-inflammation subgroup where 14 inflammation-related proteins in particular were associated with more neuropathy and higher pain intensity. (ox.ac.uk)
Total fat (%) and fat distribution were associated with 387 and 120 metabolites in the replication cohort, respectively. (lu.se)

These results suggest that the inability of the DnaA protein of a host bacterium to form a stable and functional complex with the DnaA boxes at oriV is a limiting step for plasmid host range. (sri.com)
This protein is an initiator of plasmid replication. (nih.gov)
This family also includes RepA which is an E.coli protein involved in plasmid replication. (nih.gov)

Active TB, in turn, may hasten the evolution of HIV-related disease, possibly through mechanisms involving increased cytokine production and accelerated HIV replication (6,7). (cdc.gov)
Once the provirus is integrated into the host cell DNA, it is transcribed using typical cellular mechanisms to produce viral proteins and genetic material. (msdmanuals.com)

These data provide new insights into the spatiotemporal regulation of SARS-CoV-2 assembly, and refine current understanding of SARS-CoV-2 replication. (cam.ac.uk)
Functional characterizations demonstrate a LEDGF/p75-independent role of SSRP1 in the regulation of HIV-1 replication. (elsevierpure.com)

EV-D68 uses virally-encoded proteases to cleave an autophagosome fusion SNARE protein, SNAP29, blocking delivery of autophagosome contents, including nascent viruses, to the lysosome. (umaryland.edu)
In humans, the immune system-a complex network of organs, proteins, and cells-works collectively to mount a protective response against outside invaders such as viruses and bacteria. (medicalxpress.com)
Certain single-strand, (+) sense RNA viruses termed retroviruses use a very different method of replication. (msdmanuals.com)

Which of the following replication proteins is used to unwind the DNA double helix? (varsitytutors.com)

In this study we compared the interactions of oriV with five different DnaA proteins. (sri.com)
Let's Get Physical: Flavivirus-Host Protein-Protein Interactions in Replication and Pathogenesis. (escholarship.org)
Beyond replication, even single interactions can contribute to immune evasion and pathogenesis, providing potential avenues for therapeutic intervention. (escholarship.org)
The associated conformational change and partial occlusion of the DBD-A-DBA-B protein-protein interaction site establish a mechanism for the allosteric coupling of RPA-DNA and RPA-protein interactions. (anl.gov)
This method is more sensitive than other techniques and gives us a more comprehensive view of all the interactions between the human and viral proteins,' he said. (news-medical.net)

abstract = "We have shown that E1 and E2 proteins of human papillomavirus type 11 (HPV-11) were essential to support the replication of the homologous viral origin (ori) in a transient replication assay, similar to reports on bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1). (elsevierpure.com)

Primase adds an RNA primer to help initiate DNA replication. (varsitytutors.com)
Either set of viral proteins was also able to initiate replication of ori-containing plasmids from many other human and animal papillomaviruses. (elsevierpure.com)

Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed cross reactivity of many SARS-CoV antisera in SARS-CoV-2 infected cells (viral proteins nsp3, nsp4, nsp5, nsp8, nsp9, nsp13, nsp15, N, M). This fact means that antisera produced against SARS-CoV also lead to characteristic fluorescent staining in SARS-CoV-2-infected cells (Figure 3). (leica-microsystems.com)
A relatively simple experimental setup - immunofluorescence microscopy - is sufficient to draw conclusions of the viral replication cycle. (leica-microsystems.com)

It is now well established that DNA Replication occurs semi conservatively, copying each strand of DNA separately, to produce two new DNA double helices. (biologyexams4u.com)

Anatomy1

Chemicals and Drugs6

Phenomena and Processes5

Information Science2

Genome replication4

Recombination2

Nucleocapsid protein1

Initiation12

Genes8

Transcription5

Subunit2

Hepatitis C virus replicati1

Eukaryotic DNA replica1

Organism3

Cdt11

Inhibitors2

Chromosomal1

Interacts2

Polymerase2

Binds5

Chromosomes3

Sequences3

Antiviral5

Metabolism1

Structural5

Viral DNA replication4

Lineage1

Cellular proteins2

Subunits1

Coronavirus1

Genomic5

CLASSIFICATION2

Characterization2

Molecular4

Virus14

Helicase1

Targets1

Eukaryotes1

Inhibits3

Cohort3

Plasmid3

Mechanisms2

Regulation2

Viruses3

Double helix1

Interactions5

Abstract1

Initiate2

Microscopy2

Occurs1