Proteins regulate target genes genes regulator. Medical search. Frequent questions

Transcriptional regulation information for a gene, including any predicted DNA binding site motifs ( YeTFaSCo ) for the gene's protein product, as well as any of its targets (genes it regulates) or regulators (genes that regulate it), based on experimental evidence. (yeastgenome.org)
Constam, D. B. & Robertson, E. J. Regulation of bone morphogenetic protein activity by pro domains and proprotein convertases. (nature.com)
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2-associating protein 1 commits murine embryonic stem cell differentiation through retinoblastoma protein regulation. (nih.gov)
A down-regulation of mRNA expression was observed for the main regulators of p53 protein stability during infection by the complete set of viruses tested, and a significant decrease in p53 mRNA expression was also observed in H5N1 infected cells. (nih.gov)
Our data reveal that influenza viruses cause an overall down-regulation of the host p53 pathway and highlight this pathway and p53 protein itself as important viral targets in the altering of apoptotic processes and in cell-cycle regulation. (nih.gov)
Appropriate regulation of autophagy is crucial for clearing toxic proteins from cells. (elifesciences.org)
EGF-receptor and Notch signaling are antagonistic: EGF-receptor signaling leads to down-regulation of the Notch-like receptor LIN-12 , while LIN-12 signaling induces negative regulators of EGF-receptor signaling such as MAP kinase phosphatase LIP-1 and the tyrosine kinase ARK-1. (wormbook.org)
see RTKRas/MAP kinase signaling ), LIN-12 (see LIN-12/Notch signaling in C. elegans ), and WNT (see Wnt signaling ), as well as the functions of the SynMuv and mediator proteins (see Transcriptional regulation ). (wormbook.org)
Click "Regulation Details" to view all regulation annotations, shared GO enrichment among regulation Targets, and a regulator/target diagram for the locus. (yeastgenome.org)
The N-terminal region of the protein binds CDC2 to form a complex showing reduced H1 histone kinase activity, indicating a role as a negative regulator of CDC2/cyclin A. In addition, the C-terminal kinase domain binds to its own N-terminal region, suggesting potential negative regulation through interference with complex formation via intramolecular binding. (cancerindex.org)
Using semi-quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blots experiments, we compared changes in ETS-1 and ETS-2 expression, their protein levels, and the regulation of some of their target gene expressions at different stages of the ocular tumoral progression in the transgenic mouse model, Tyrp-1-TAg, with those in normal eyes from control mice of the same age. (molvis.org)
This important study advances our understanding of the functions and regulation of the Drosophila transcriptional regulator Bonus, an ortholog of mammalian TIF1 family members. (elifesciences.org)
Epigenetic regulation of gene expression is an essential mechanism that guides cell differentiation during development. (elifesciences.org)
RNA editing alters nucleotides within the mRNA to allow a single gene to create multiple mRNAs that are subject to different modes of regulation. (genengnews.com)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding sequences involved in the negative regulation of gene expression. (hindawi.com)
To date, it is well known that lncRNAs participate in chromatin modifications and transcriptional and translational regulation of protein-encoding genes or regulate protein function and activity through specific binding [ 3 - 5 ]. (jcancer.org)
Current models of transcription regulation have also shown the involvement of higher-order transcriptional coactivators, proteins that nucleate around DNA sequence-specific transcription factors, enhancing transcription of the target gene by interacting with components of the basal transcriptional apparatus and by enabling chromatin remodeling. (nih.gov)
To identify the involvement of specific, primary and higher-order transcriptional regulators in the EpRE-mediated regulation of the GFP reporter gene, we microinjected antibodies directed against specific transcription factors into the HepG2/GFP cells and determined their effect upon tBHQ-induced expression of the GFP gene. (nih.gov)
Two copies of a motif (the retinoblastoma control element) similar to that found in the human c-fos, transforming growth factor β1, and c-myc promoters are responsible for conferring Rb regulation to the fourth promoter of the insulinlike growth factor II gene. (umn.edu)
These results indicate that Rb can function as a positive regulator of transcription and that Sp1 is one potential target, either directly or indirectly, for transcriptional regulation by Rb. (umn.edu)
1) The regulation of these protein levels is vital for the understanding of the cell cycle control and its dysregulation. (ukessays.com)
1) For example, the down-regulation of miR15s and miR - 16 - 1 in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, prostate cancer and pituitary tumours, leading to the inhibition of tumour growth and induce cell cycle arrest at the G 1 - phase by target cell cycle regulators ( cyclin D1, cyclin E1, cyclin D3 and CDK6). (ukessays.com)
Gene expression analysis suggested that the differences derived from repression of PPARdelta gene regulation activity. (anl.gov)
An integrated model is emerging to reveal a key role for the post-translational modification of PXR in the selective suppression of gene expression, and is opening the door to the study of completely new modes of PXR-mediated gene regulation. (ku.edu)
Alternatively, abnormal SWI/SNF complexes may disrupt the regulation of genes that help control the growth and division of cells, which leads to cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
42] Another study by Nahorski et al demonstrated tumor suppression by the interaction of p0071 (plakophilin-4, a potential novel folliculin-interacting protein) and the regulation of RhoA. (medscape.com)
More so, our results show that the epigenetic regulation of TE transcription is dynamically regulated throughout life (Paper II), upon the beginning of neuroinflammation (Paper III), and in a disease-driving polymorphic TE insertion (Paper IV). (lu.se)

This table lists putative transcriptional regulatory targets for the central gene represented on this page. (yeastgenome.org)
The number of putative Regulators (genes that regulate it) and Targets (genes it regulates) for the given locus, based on experimental evidence. (yeastgenome.org)
The protein encoded by this gene is a putative serine/threonine kinase that localizes to the mitotic apparatus and complexes with cell cycle controller CDC2 kinase in early mitosis. (cancerindex.org)
ChIP-seq was performed using antibodies against SEP3 in wild type and agamous ( ag-1 ) inflorescence tissues, resulting in 4282 and 2828 peaks (binding events) respectively, corresponding to 3475 and 2424 putative target genes. (frontiersin.org)
Based on public expression data, over 60% of the putative SEP3 targets show differential expression patterns during wild type floral development. (frontiersin.org)
The putative targets are enriched for transcription factors of different families and, interestingly, for hormonal signaling pathways (auxin, brassinosteroids, and gibberellins). (frontiersin.org)
The effect of compounds targeting the putative gene targets identified as hits was also used for further validation. (selectbiosciences.com)

MiRNA-378a-3p acts as a negative regulator of mitochondrial metabolic and biogenesis pathways. (cdc.gov)
Bonus has been implicated in embryonic development and organogenesis and shown to regulate several signaling pathways, however, its targets and mechanism of action remained poorly understood. (elifesciences.org)
As a consequence, any modulations of the target transcript expression, miRNAs can affect various signalling pathways and cellular process such as apoptosis, proliferation or differentiation. (ukessays.com)
Liver-enriched nuclear receptor (NR) proteins regulate the expression and activity of several pivotal hepatic biochemical pathways including the uptake, metabolism and excretion of cholesterol, bile acids, glucose, and xenobiotic compounds from the body. (ku.edu)

Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. (yeastgenome.org)
Finally, the researchers focused on the specific protein interactions driving the different phenotypes. (anl.gov)
These genes were selected based on their role in asthmatic inflammatory processes and History previously reported associations with asthma phenotypes. (cdc.gov)
Of these mediators, cytokines play a single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in pro-inflammatory cytokine genes and asthma phenotypes (Che et al. (cdc.gov)

The protein forms a complex with p53 and negatively regulates p53 transcription, and functions as a tumor suppressor and cell cycle regulator. (thermofisher.com)
Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis and sfGFP (superfolder green fluorescent protein) analysis reveal that AmtR directly and negatively regulates the transcription and expression of crn A, cre T, csh A, and hyu B. A growth test shows that C. glutamicum ATCC 14067 can use creatine or creatinine as a sole nitrogen source. (frontiersin.org)
Moreover, ligand-activated PXR negatively regulates inflammatory processes in both liver and intestine. (ku.edu)

Positively regulates PDPK1 kinase activity by stimulating its dissociation from the 14-3-3 protein YWHAQ which acts as a negative regulator. (lsbio.com)
44] Possik et al demonstrated FLCN is an AMPK-binding partner and considered to act as a negative regulator of AMPK, therefore serving as a tumor suppressor. (medscape.com)

its inducible expression is regulated by a synthetic TK promoter containing a linked EpRE. (nih.gov)

More than 30 mammalian genes comprise the TGFβ superfamily of growth factors. (nature.com)
Here, we report that the microRNA miR-1 regulates the autophagy pathway through conserved targeting of the orthologous T re-2/ B ub2/ C DC16 (TBC) Rab GTPase-activating proteins TBC-7 and TBC1D15 in Caenorhabditis elegans and mammalian cells, respectively. (elifesciences.org)
Finally, detailed protocols for purification of mammalian proteins necessary to perform in vitro SUMOylation reactions are presented. (ku.edu)
29, 30, 37] FNIP1 then interacts with 5'-AMP (activated protein kinase), which interacts with mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) that is involved in cellular energy, cytokinesis, cell motility, cellular adhesion, and nutrient sensing. (medscape.com)

GO Annotations consist of four mandatory components: a gene product, a term from one of the three Gene Ontology (GO) controlled vocabularies ( Molecular Function , Biological Process , and Cellular Component ), a reference, and an evidence code. (yeastgenome.org)
Click "Gene Ontology Details" to view all GO information and evidence for this locus as well as biological processes it shares with other genes. (yeastgenome.org)
Gene ontology and upstream regulator pathway analysis showed that WNK1 regulates cell migration, differentiation, and proliferation. (bioone.org)

The highly conserved family of Wnt proteins represents important regulators of cell behaviour, tissue development and homeostasis by inducing responses in a concentration-dependent manner. (exeter.ac.uk)
miRNAs are recognized as important regulators of lipid metabolism, inflammatory mediators, and VSMC behaviours in the progression of AS [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
Estrogens are important regulators of growth and differentiation in (range, 0 -9 fmol/mg protein, median 0.7). (lu.se)

The results of these analyses revealed that the differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs participate in multiple biological processes, such as gene expression, synthesis of biomolecules, cell development, differentiation, and signal transduction, among others. (hindawi.com)
Most of these paracrine secretions include soluble factors and exosomes, which regulate the repair and regeneration processes at sites of damage by affecting cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation [ 22 , 23 ]. (hindawi.com)
Results DIM, but not I3C, increased adipocyte differentiation through upregulation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ and CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein α. (researchgate.net)

The mitogen-activated protein kinase homolog, WNK lysine deficient protein kinase 1 (WNK1), is activated downstream of epidermal growth factor receptor during decidualization. (bioone.org)
In the poster section, Joanna Shisler (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [UIUC], Urbana) reported that the modified virus, Ankara, activates nuclear factor κB through the mitogen-activated protein kinase, extracellular signal–regulated kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, possibly facilitating the host immune response. (cdc.gov)

Autophagy is a degradation system that involves sequestration of cytoplasmic proteins and organelles by double-layered membranes that form vesicles called autophagosomes. (elifesciences.org)
such as components of the nuclear pore, by which YAP cytoplasmic/nuclear shuttling occurs, or how proteasomal degradation regulates intracellular YAP concentrations, which then alter YAP localization and transcription. (selectbiosciences.com)

Fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes results in degradation of their contents and thereby removes toxic proteins and damaged organelles from cells to maintain homeostasis. (elifesciences.org)
Two biochemical processes, protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation and ubiquitin-mediated degradation drive cell cycle control. (benthamscience.com)

Activation of the Yap transcription co-activator was monitored using a high content, image based assay that measured the intracellular localization of native YAP protein. (selectbiosciences.com)

miR-128-5p targets the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), silent information regulator 2 (SIRT2), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), and p21 genes, which are linked to the behaviours of VSMCs. (hindawi.com)

The upstream regulators of the Yap-Hippo pathway have not been fully characterized. (selectbiosciences.com)
Rab functions are accompanied by cyclical activation and inactivation of GTP-bound and GDP-bound forms between the cytosol and plasma membrane that are regulated by upstream regulators ( 15 ) . (researchsquare.com)

Here, we characterize the dynamic relationship of chromatin accessibility, gene expression and DNA-binding of two MADS-domain proteins during Arabidopsis flower development. (nih.gov)
The developmental dynamics of DNA-binding of APETALA1 and SEPALLATA3 is largely independent of chromatin accessibility, and our findings suggest that AP1 acts as 'pioneer factor' that modulates chromatin accessibility, thereby facilitating access of other transcriptional regulators to their target genes. (nih.gov)
The conserved family of Transcription Intermediary Factors (TIF1) proteins consists of key transcriptional regulators that control transcription of target genes by modulating chromatin state. (elifesciences.org)
SWI/SNF complexes regulate gene activity (expression) by a process known as chromatin remodeling. (medlineplus.gov)
Chromatin is the network of DNA and protein that packages DNA into chromosomes. (medlineplus.gov)
The ARID1A subunit is able to attach (bind) to DNA and is thought to help target SWI/SNF complexes to the chromatin location that needs to be remodeled. (medlineplus.gov)
Although it is unclear how these changes affect SWI/SNF complexes, researchers suggest that ARID1A gene variants result in abnormal chromatin remodeling. (medlineplus.gov)

We recently investigated and compared the cellular gene expression profiles of human lung A549 cells infected by five different subtypes of human and avian influenza viruses (Josset et al. (nih.gov)
Defective autophagy results in accumulation of toxic protein aggregates that detrimentally affect cellular function and organismal survival. (elifesciences.org)
The nature of imperfect binding specificity means that a single miRNA can regulate a large number of mRNA targets involved in complex cellular processes, thereby tightly controlling genetic networks during development and in response to stress ( Pocock, 2011 ). (elifesciences.org)
Problems with RNA editing show up in many human diseases, including those of neurodegeneration, cancer, and blood disorders," said Gene Yeo, Ph.D., assistant professor in the department of cellular and molecular medicine at UC San Diego. (genengnews.com)
Compared with individual exposures, co-exposure aerosols produced greater acellular and cellular oxidants detected by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, and in vivo immune-spin trapping (IST), as well as synergistically increased lavage neutrophils, lavage proteins and inflammation related gene/protein expression. (cdc.gov)
Disturbance of this process alters the activity of many genes and disrupts several cellular processes, which could explain the diverse signs and symptoms of Coffin-Siris syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)
Dr. Jacobs described Vaccinia viruses deficient in E3L, a regulator of the cellular antiviral response and noted their potential for the production of improved vaccines. (cdc.gov)

miRNAs predominantly interact with mRNA targets through imperfect binding to motifs in target mRNA 3′-untranslated regions (3′UTRs) ( Bartel, 2009 ). (elifesciences.org)
Several studies have shown that miRNAs play multiple roles in the phenotypic transformation, migration, and proliferation of VSMCs by inhibiting ERK1/2 activation [ 11 , 12 ], partly by regulating the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs)-MMPs and p21-cyclins interactions [ 13 - 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
MiRNAs bind the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of target mRNAs. (ukessays.com)
1) The alternation of protein levels of critical oncogenes or tumour suppressor genes, which causes by miRNAs deregulation may also lead to proliferative diseases such as cancer. (ukessays.com)
Approximately 30-60 % of the human genome, regulated by miRNAs. (ukessays.com)
Therefore, miRNAs could consider as cancer targets. (ukessays.com)
Besides cancer, some miRNAs genes cause or contribute in many inherited and genetic based diseases. (ukessays.com)
As miRNAs proposed to control the expression up to one third of all genes and possibly utilised as diagnostic and prognostic marker for many genetic based diseases. (ukessays.com)
There is no doubt that miRNAs provide new molecular clues for the pathological study of T2D, and miRNAs are expected to be specific diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for T2D ( 9 , 10 ) . (researchsquare.com)

The Hippo pathway regulates two highly conserved, transcription co-activators YAP and TAZ. (selectbiosciences.com)
microRNA (miR) is a highly conserved non-coding small RNA widely distributed in eukaryotic cells, 18-25 nucleotides long, being capable of affecting the biological functions of other genes by binding to the 3'UTR end of its target gene ( 4 , 5 ) . (researchsquare.com)

How are these quantitative aspects of the extracellular signal regulated? (nature.com)

The canonical TGFβ signalling pathway involves ligand-dependent assembly of a heteromeric receptor complex, receptor-kinase activation and subsequent phosphorylation and activation of SMAD proteins, which are transcriptional regulators that consequently accumulate in the nucleus. (nature.com)
Current research is focused on the mechanisms that regulate SMAD activity to evoke cell-type-specific and context-dependent transcriptional programmes. (nature.com)

miRNA-378a as a key regulator of cardiovascular health following engineered nanomaterial inhalation exposure. (cdc.gov)
Not only are miRNA global regulators of gene expression, but also miRNA-based therapeutics provide a realistic treatment modality. (cdc.gov)
Immunoblotting and qPCR examined molecular targets of miRNA-378a. (cdc.gov)
MiRNA-378a regulated proteins involved in mitochondrial fusion, transcription, and fatty acid metabolism. (cdc.gov)
The binding of miRNA- protein complexes to mRNA causes translation inhibition or destabilisation of target transcripts. (ukessays.com)

This gene encodes a protein that binds to matrix attachment regions. (thermofisher.com)
The regulator gene codes for a repressor protein that binds to the operator, obstructing the promoter (thus, transcription) of the structural genes. (presenternet.com)

Orthologous to human CDK2AP1 (cyclin dependent kinase 2 associated protein 1). (nih.gov)

Wnt proteins regulate developmental processes, tissue regeneration and stem cell maintenance. (exeter.ac.uk)
Several GRAS -domain proteins, including NSP1 (NODULATION SIGNALLING PATHWAY 1 ) and RAM1 (REQUIRED FOR ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZATION 1 ), have emerged as important transcriptional regulators during mycorrhizal colonization, however, little is known about the target genes and biological processes that are regulated by these transcription factors. (cam.ac.uk)
Based on these studies, it appears that MADS proteins may directly regulate thousands of target genes (Figure 1 A), and may serve to integrate different biological processes. (frontiersin.org)

Here we focus on WWP2, an E3 ubiquitin ligase that acts as a positive genetic regulator of human and murine cardiac fibrosis, and show that myeloid specific deletion of WWP2 reduces cardiac fibrosis in hypertension-induced NICM. (nature.com)
Interaction annotations are curated by BioGRID and include physical or genetic interactions observed between at least two genes. (yeastgenome.org)
Here, we review the arrival of genetic screens in malaria parasites to analyse parasite gene function at a genome-scale and their impact on understanding parasite biology. (portlandpress.com)
Scientists from the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine and Indiana University say they have identified a protein that regulates how genetic information transcribed from DNA to messenger RNA (mRNA) is processed and ultimately translated into the many proteins necessary for life. (genengnews.com)
In clinical terms, the research might also help researchers parse the underlying genetic mechanisms of diverse diseases, perhaps revealing new therapeutic targets, they add. (genengnews.com)
This presentation will review the nature of frequent hitters in biochemical and cell based assay and compare such compounds to gene targets that appear as frequent hitters in genetic screens. (selectbiosciences.com)
Researchers have noted an MYB-NFIB gene fusion, which provides a new genetic link between dermal cylindroma and adenoid cystic carcinoma. (medscape.com)
These results suggest that genetic variations in TNF, TGFB1, PTGS1 and PTGS2 genes contribute to DA susceptibility. (cdc.gov)
It is likely that other genetic changes in addition to ARID1A gene variants are necessary for cancer development. (medlineplus.gov)
A cardiomelic developmental field has also been postulated to relate the genetic heterogeneity of HOS (and other similar syndromes) to a cascade of molecules, including the brachyury, sonic hedgehog, bone morphogenetic protein, retinoic acid receptor, and transforming growth factor beta families. (medscape.com)

Only 1.5% of nucleic acids in human genome are used for protein encoding, but other 98.5% of the genome does not encode proteins. (jcancer.org)
all genes associated with this syndrome (ie, DKC1 , TERT, TERC, NOP10 ) encode proteins in the telomerase complex responsible for maintaining telomeres at the ends of chromosomes regarding shortening length, protection, and replication. (medscape.com)

Unlike NSP1 , RAM1 plays a critical role in the transcriptional control at later stages of AM symbiosis, regulating the expression of several genes involved in a lipid biosynthesis and export pathway that supplies fatty acids to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which are fatty acid auxotrophs. (cam.ac.uk)
The pore-forming BCL-2 family proteins mediate mitochondrial poration to initiate apoptosis through protei-protein and protein-lipid interactions. (portlandpress.com)
This is one of many tasks regulated by lipid transport proteins such as PCTP. (anl.gov)
Their interaction was strong, selective, and new: PPARdelta was known to interact with lipid transport proteins but not phosphatidylcholine transport proteins. (anl.gov)

Some lncRNAs affect the growth and development of breast cancer by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis, and others are involved in invasion and metastasis and drug resistance of breast cancer [ 6 ]. (jcancer.org)

After identifying similar molecular changes in the brains of mice and humans, researchers chose one gene, regulator of g protein signaling-2, or Rgs2, to manipulate. (ucdavis.edu)
In humans, less stable versions of the Rgs2 protein are associated with increased risk of depression, so we were curious to see whether increasing Rgs2 in the nucleus accumbens could reduce depression-related behaviors," said Brian Trainor, UC Davis professor of psychology and senior author on the study. (ucdavis.edu)
According to the researchers, the study ("The dsRBP and Inactive Editor ADR-1 Utilizes dsRNA Binding to Regulate A-to-I RNA Editing across the C. elegans Transcriptome"), published in Cell Reports, helps explain how a relatively limited number of genes can provide versatile instructions for making thousands of different messenger RNAs and proteins used by cells in species ranging from sea anemones to humans. (genengnews.com)
The scientists noted that a protein similar to ADR-1 is expressed by humans, and that many of the same mRNA targets exist in people, too. (genengnews.com)
So it is likely that a similar mechanism exists to regulate editing in humans," said Dr. Hundley, adding that she and colleagues will now turn to teasing out the specifics of how proteins like ADR-1 regulate editing and how they might be exploited "to modulate editing for the treatment of human diseases. (genengnews.com)

Cdk2ap1 expression is primarily regulated by progesterone and the progesterone receptor in uterus and is mainly localized to proliferating tissues. (nih.gov)
ETS-1 and ETS-2 mRNA and protein levels were much higher in the ocular tissues of Tyrp-1-TAg mice than in control ocular tissues from wild-type mice. (molvis.org)
35] Expression of the Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome protein has been widespread in a variety of tissues, including the kidneys, lungs, and skin. (medscape.com)

Download DNA or protein sequence, view genomic context and coordinates. (yeastgenome.org)

Together, our work identified Bonus as a regulator of tissue-specific gene expression and revealed the importance of SUMOylation as a regulator of complex formation in the context of transcriptional repression. (elifesciences.org)

Studies on post-translational modification of PXR indicate how this protein is converted from a positive regulator in drug metabolism into a transcriptional repressor in inflammatory response. (ku.edu)

H19 gene is reactivated and up-regulated during tissue regeneration or tumorigenesis [ 11 , 12 ]. (jcancer.org)

In this study, they show that PCTPs can repress the activity of a nuclear receptor called PPARdelta, a gene regulator critical in burning fat, maintaining energy balance, and regulating fatty acid uptake. (anl.gov)
The research points to a novel regulator of nuclear receptor activity, and possibly a potential way to target PPARdelta indirectly. (anl.gov)

However, the mechanisms by which these factors dynamically regulate the expression of their target genes at different developmental stages are still poorly understood. (nih.gov)
Due to the central role of autophagy in the removal of aggregation-prone proteins, a better understanding of mechanisms controlling autophagy is essential for the identification of novel therapeutic opportunities for multiple disease states. (elifesciences.org)
These results raise the possibility that other dsRNA binding proteins, including the inactive human ADARs, regulate RNA editing through deaminase-independent mechanisms. (genengnews.com)
We show that human and chimpanzee cells differentiate in a similar man¬ner and that the difference in interspecies protein abundance is higher than transcript-level differences, suggesting that post-transcriptional mechanisms play a role in the difference between human and chim¬panzee brain development. (lu.se)
Streptococcal pathogens continue to evade concerted efforts to decipher clear-cut virulence mechanisms, although numerous genes have been implicated in pathogenesis. (cdc.gov)

Moreover, since more than half of Plasmodium genes are required for normal asexual blood-stage reproduction, and cannot be targeted using knockout methods, we discuss how CRISPR/Cas9 could be used to scale up conditional gene knockdown approaches to systematically assign function to essential genes. (portlandpress.com)
Gene knockout studies have demonstrated the primary regulatory role that an Nrf2:Maf dimer plays by binding to nucleotides within the EpRE consensus sequence. (nih.gov)
The scientists first created a whole-body PCTP knockout male mouse (meaning one in which genes have been activated or deactivated), assessing its fat metabolism under different dietary conditions, including normal and high-fat diet. (anl.gov)

information about the experiment and assay type, constructs, conditions, and strains, as well as a reference, are provided for each Regulator annotation. (yeastgenome.org)

Over the past decade, it has been well established that PXR functions as a master-regulator of xenobiotic- and drug-inducible expression and activity of numerous genes that encode key members of the phase I and phase II metabolic enzymes, as well as several membrane transporter proteins. (ku.edu)

In the genus Corynebacterium , AmtR is a key component of the nitrogen regulatory system, and it belongs to the TetR family of transcription regulators. (frontiersin.org)

This is the first study describing the production and distribution of ETS-1 and ETS-2 mRNAs and proteins using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry in murine ocular tissue sections of normal control eyes and tumoral eyes from mice of the same age. (molvis.org)
control the stability and translation of protein-coding mRNAs. (ukessays.com)

The molecular sequence of this clone aligns with the gene accession number as a point of reference only. (origene.com)
Basic sequence-derived (length, molecular weight, isoelectric point) and experimentally-determined (median abundance, median absolute deviation) protein information. (yeastgenome.org)
Click "Protein Details" for further information about the protein such as half-life, abundance, domains, domains shared with other proteins, protein sequence retrieval for various strains, physico-chemical properties, protein modification sites, and external identifiers for the protein. (yeastgenome.org)
The complex binding to the activation sequence activated the target genes. (presenternet.com)
Promoter - a nucleotide sequence that enables a gene to be transcribed. (presenternet.com)
The 3′UTR-binding sequence site of miR-128-5p on the p21 gene was predicted and assessed by luciferase assays. (hindawi.com)
By sequence analysis, Zhang et al identified a recurrent mutation 2272C→T (R758X) of the CYLD gene in the affected familial persons that had been previously identified in other ethnic kindreds with familial cylindromatosis. (medscape.com)

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the association of plasma MIF level and -173 G/C single nucleotide polymorphism of the MIF gene with the occurrence, severity and mortality of sepsis patients. (who.int)

These targets were identified based on the presence of predicted regulator binding sites or experimental regulator binding in the target promoter, and/or changes in the target gene's transcript levels in regulator mutant strains. (yeastgenome.org)
We have demonstrated that the retinoblastoma gene product (Rb) can positively regulate transcription from the fourth promoter of the insulinlike growth factor II gene. (umn.edu)

The protein is phosphorylated in a cell-cycle dependent manner, with late prophase phosphorylation remaining through metaphase. (cancerindex.org)
NF-κB then translocates to the nucleus followed by p65 phosphorylation and binding to specific response elements in the DNA, which subsequently activates target gene expression ( 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

Moreover, by using a GAL4-Sp1 fusion protein, we have directly demonstrated that Rb positively regulates Sp1 transcriptional activity in vivo. (umn.edu)

In plants, MADS-domain transcription factors act as master regulators of developmental switches and organ specification. (nih.gov)

In vertebrates this subfamily contains four proteins: TIF1α/TRIM24, TIF1β/TRIM28, TIF1γ/TRIM33, and TIF1δ/TRIM66, while only one protein, Bonus (Bon), is present in Drosophila , making it an attractive model to understand the conserved functions of TIF1 proteins. (elifesciences.org)

The ARID1A gene provides instructions for making a protein that forms one piece (subunit) of several different SWI/SNF protein complexes. (medlineplus.gov)
The mechanism by which variants in the ARID1A gene contribute to cancer is unknown, although it is thought that changes in SWI/SNF complexes are involved. (medlineplus.gov)

Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
More than 30 variants (also known as mutations) in the ARID1A gene can cause Coffin-Siris syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)
Zettner MA, Flor S, Ludewig G, Wagner J, Robertson LW, Lehmann L. Quinoid metabolites of 4-monochlorobiphenyl induce gene mutations in cultured Chinese hamster v79 cells. (who.int)
[ 2 , 3 , 4 ] A full list of the described mutations is available at the TBX5 Gene Mutation Database , an online locus-specific database that contains germline and somatic mutations of the TBX5 gene. (medscape.com)
Mutations of this gene introduce a premature stop codon and result in truncated protein versions. (medscape.com)

Extracellular matrix is a fibrillar network composed of structural (collagens) and adhesion (fibronectin) proteins crucial for tissue architecture and biological pathway Histol Histopathol 27:1515-1528, 2012 . (springer.com)
This fibrillar network is composed of many structural proteins, such as collagens, and adhesion proteins, including fibronectin and proteoglycans (perlecan, decorin) [ 13 , 14 ]. (springer.com)
A typical operon consists of a group of structural genes that code for enzymes involved in a metabolic pathway, such as the biosynthesis of an amino acid. (presenternet.com)
Structural genes - the genes that are co-regulated by the operon. (presenternet.com)

Due to its high prevalence, long latency, and slow progression, PCa is an ideal target for chemoprevention strategies. (mdpi.com)
T he presence and activity of various proteins are required in the cell cycle progression. (ukessays.com)

Expression of cell-cycle regulator CDK2-associating protein 1 (p12CDK2AP1) in transgenic mice induces testicular and ovarian atrophy in vivo. (nih.gov)
We identified a novel way of spreading Wnt proteins in vertebrates: Wnt molecules are mobilized on specific cell protrusions known as cytonemes. (exeter.ac.uk)
In our research, we use the zebrafish embryo to investigate how intercellular Wnt protein transport is regulated and how signals are subsequently delivered to the target cell in a living vertebrate organism. (exeter.ac.uk)
Adhesion G-protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs) are characterized by the presence of auto-proteolysing extracellular regions that are involved in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions1. (stanford.edu)
For example, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), such as MMP-2 and −9, have been shown to be typical NF-κB target proteins that are responsible for extracellular matrix breakdown and cell invasion ( 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
The Yap-Hippo pathway has a significant role in regulating cell proliferation and growth, thus controlling organ size and regeneration. (selectbiosciences.com)
Recently we reported on an siRNA screen, in a liver biliary cell line, to identify regulators of the Yap-Hippo pathway that allow activation of the YAP transcription co-activator at high cell density. (selectbiosciences.com)
This abrogated expression of the decidual marker genes, insulin like growth factor binding protein 1 ( IGFBP1 ) and prolactin ( PRL ), and prevented adoption of decidual cell morphology. (bioone.org)
Consistent with a cell-cycle regulatory function, CYLD localizes to microtubules in interphase and the midbody during telophase CYLD 's protein levels decrease as cells exit from mitosis. (medscape.com)
2) Therefore, the proper control of protein levels is crucial for the cell cycle. (ukessays.com)
MicroRNAs control the levels of numerous cell cycle regulators that controls cell proliferation. (ukessays.com)
An in-cell protein complementation screen uncovered a direct interaction between PCTP and PPARdelta that was not observed for other PPARs. (anl.gov)

By transporting "cargos" such as proteins, RNAs, DNAs, and lipids [ 26 ], exosomes regulate the eventual fate of recipient cells. (hindawi.com)
Using the nematode C. elegans as their model organism and a novel computational framework, Drs. Hundley, Yeo, and colleagues identified more than 400 new mRNA editing sites, the majority regulated by a single protein called ADR-1, which does not directly edit mRNA but rather regulated how editing occurred by binding to the messenger RNAs subject to editing. (genengnews.com)

Pradella et al suggest that FLCN may not always follow a classic two-hit model of tumorigenesis and may alternatively be a noncanonical tumor suppressor gene. (medscape.com)

Data presented here reveal that activation of the inflammatory response modulates the SUMOylation and ubiquitination status of ligand-bound PXR protein. (ku.edu)

This gene controls the expression of a protein that regulates neurotransmitter receptors that are targeted by antidepressant medications such as Prozac and Zoloft. (ucdavis.edu)
Despite representing one of the largest classes of therapeutic targets, most inactive-state G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have remained inaccessible for cryo-EM because their small size and membrane-embedded nature impedes projection alignment for high-resolution map reconstructions. (stanford.edu)

Anatomy20

Organisms16

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs102

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment28

Phenomena and Processes85

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science4

Regulation27

Putative7

Pathways4

Phenotypes4

Negatively regulates3

Negative regulator2

Expression is regulated1

Mammalian4

Ontology3

Important regulators3

Differentiation3

Mitogen-activa2

Cytoplasmic2

Degradation2

Intracellular1

Peroxisome prolifer1

Upstream regulators2

Chromatin7

Cellular7

MiRNAs9

Highly conserved2

Extracellular signal1

SMAD2

MiRNA5

Binds2

Cyclin1

Processes3

Genetic10

Encode proteins2

Lipid4

Apoptosis1

Humans5

Tissues3

Genomic1

Repression1

Positive regulator1

Tissue regeneration1

Nuclear2

Mechanisms5

Knockout3

Annotation1

Numerous genes1

Transcription regulators1

MRNAs2

Sequence7

Nucleotide1

Promoter2

Phosphorylation2

Positively1

Developmental1

Subfamily1

Complexes2

Mutations5

Structural4

Progression2

Cell12

RNAs2

Tumor Supp1

Inflammatory response1

Receptors2