• HPLC, MS, SDS-, IEF- and 2D-GE Suited for separation of unstable proteins due to cooling of samples and separation chamber down to 4 °C Reduction of the complexity of the proteome before further proteomic analysis Enriching low-abundant proteins by removing excess of unwanted proteins Compatible with large and small sample volumes from around 50 µL up to several milliliters. (wikipedia.org)
  • The results showed that a total of 2064 proteins were identified in human milk, and 95 of them were differentially abundant proteins. (bvsalud.org)
  • The most abundant domain among the differentially abundant proteins was the immunoglobulin V-set domain, which may be involved in immune regulation. (bvsalud.org)
  • This is because there are many highly abundant proteins present in the serum or plasma, which will mask biomarkers, presumably the less abundant proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Because of its highly versatile nature, this technique can make use of different modes of electrophoresis, like for example isotachophoresis, isoelectric focusing or (interval) zone electrophoresis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Separation size range from ions to complete cells Sample recovery up to 99%, depending on sample and mode of operation High reproducibility of individual runs Separation in several minutes Protocols for Isoelectric Focusing separation with different commercial ampholytes and atoxic small molecular ProLytesTM for direct clinical application Fast and sensitive detection of separation quality via UV, IEF-gels Compatible with many other downstream techniques, e.g. (wikipedia.org)
  • The polarity-reversed capillary isoelectric focusing was utilized to measure the exact isoelectric point (pI) to support method development for OPN separation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Cardiac contractility is regulated by dynamic phosphorylation of sarcomeric proteins by kinases such as cAMP-activated protein kinase A (PKA). (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, since these kinases regulate a broad range of cellular responses, their compartmentalization in close proximity to their sarcomeric targets is required to facilitate control over which proteins are phosphorylated in response to second messenger signalling [ 8 , 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • At the same time, co-compartmentalization of enzymes or proteins that generate or terminate these second messenger metabolites, such as the phosphodiesterases (PDEs) which degrade cAMP and cGMP, with the relevant responsive kinases helps to optimise the precision and speed of response to second messenger signaling [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Products of the former group function directly in protecting cells against damage derived from stresses and sustaining cell viability, and the latter is composed of regulatory proteins, such as transcription factors (TFs), protein kinases and protein phosphatases, that are responsible for transducing stress signaling and regulating expression of stress-responsive genes [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A more recent NMR pulsed-gradient, spin-echo misfolded proteins (Kelly, 1998), and the nucleation, growth, (PGSE) self-diffusion study concluded that BPTI is pre- and polymorphism of protein crystals (Rosenberger et al. (lu.se)
  • Proteins present in MS, FS and CMS but absent in fetal bovine serum (FBS) were selected by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and identified by peptide mass fingerprinting. (sagepub.com)
  • As flow cytometry became the standard method for cell sorting, FFE developments focused on the separation of proteins and charged particles. (wikipedia.org)
  • Because of the versatility of the technique, a wide range of protocols for the separation of samples like rare metal ions, protein isoforms, multiprotein complexes, peptides, organelles, cells, DNA origami, blood serum and nanoparticles exist. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this study, we are interested in investigating the expression of a variety of functional classes of proteins in ESCC and its precursor lesions and characterizing the correlation of these proteins with ESCC malignant progression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The method of tissue microarray (TMA), which could confirm the results of cDNA microarray on protein level, has been popularly used for gene expression profiling in many types of cancer including ESCC, but rarely in the consecutive stages of carcinogenesis, especially in the precursor lesions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • formation has come, not from solution studies, but from Whereas theoretical studies of protein self-association are crystallography. (lu.se)
  • Standard application include the high-resolution separation of protein complexes, membrane proteins, protein and antibody isoforms, cells, subcellular compartments (like organelles, ribosomes) and liposomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Simple Western reinvents how Western blots are done, automating all steps from protein separation, immunoprobing, detection, and analysis of data. (bio-techne.com)
  • This 58-residue (6.5 kDa) basic (pI ¼ 10.5) isoelectric point of BPTI, with phosphate as the salting-out protein has long been thought to undergo self-association. (lu.se)
  • These proteins were L-lactate dehydrogenase B(LDHB), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI), phosphoglycerate mutase 2 (PGAM2), gelsolin and isoform 8 of titin. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Protein to protein interaction network analysis showed glycolytic enzymes, such as isoform alpha-enolase of alpha-enolase, isoform 1 of triosephosphate isomerase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, had more connections than other proteins in myocardial metabolism during ischemia. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Z-F Wang#, J Gao#, Q-H Shi#, X-Y Dong*, Y Sun: Facile purification and immobilization of organophosphorus hydrolase on protein-inorganic hybrid phosphate nanosheets. (tju.edu.cn)
  • To investigate this possibility, we assessed the ability of MMGL isoform 4 to interact with PKA regulatory subunits R1A and R2A using Y2H-based direct protein-protein interaction assays. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We also showed that quantitatively more interaction occurs between MMGL and cTNI under β-adrenergic stress. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study aims to explore the regulation mechanisms of EcR/USP from the aspects of protein interaction. (insect.org.cn)
  • The inferred regulatory function of these OM proteins suggests that the difference between the two biominerals is due to the modeling of the matrix network, rather than the presence of specific structural components. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, steady-state mRNA levels of nine stress-responsive genes coding for either functional or regulatory proteins were induced to higher levels in the transgenic lines with or without drought stress. (biomedcentral.com)
  • By making use of very flat pH-gradients, generated by ampholytes, it is possible to separate protein isoforms, that vary by less than 0.02 pH units, with a throughput of around 3 mg/h. (wikipedia.org)
  • B-S Peng, S-Y Xu, Y Liang, X-Y Dong*, Y Sun*: Effects of bacterial amyloid protein PSMα3 on the aggregation of amyloid β-protein associated with Alzheimer's disease. (tju.edu.cn)
  • W-Q Hou, Y Sun, X-Y Dong*: Basification modification of transthyretin significantly enhances inhibitory effect on amyloid-β protein aggregation. (tju.edu.cn)
  • Then the binding properties of the antennal binding protein to 39 ligand compounds were detected by fluorescence competitive binding assays. (insect.org.cn)
  • 1997) at higher how proteins interact with themselves in solution. (lu.se)
  • As MMGL has previously been shown to interact with phosphodiesterase 4D, we speculated that it may be a PKA-anchoring protein (AKAP). (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, no protein was identified to interact with EcRA. (insect.org.cn)
  • In this study, we used 4D label-free quantitative proteomics techniques to identify and quantitatively analyze casein fraction in breast milk secreted for male and female infants. (bvsalud.org)
  • We identified a total of 102 OM proteins, 52 are found in the two red coral biominerals with scleritin being the most abundant protein in each fraction. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The current model of dissociation of FMDV supports the assumption that the acidification system in endosome triggers the direct dissociation of FMDV into pentameric subunits, protein VP4, and RNA without intermediate. (biomedcentral.com)
  • FS showed elevated total protein and sodium concentrations compared to MS and CMS. (sagepub.com)
  • Methods】 A yeast two-hybrid system was constructed to screen the interacting proteins of EcR and USP from Spodoptera litura , an important agricultural pest. (insect.org.cn)
  • Methods】 An antennal binding protein gene was cloned by PCR, and the stage- and tissue-specific expressions of the gene were profiled using real-time quantitative PCR. (insect.org.cn)
  • Proteins are complex and most traditional protein characterization methods are inefficient or inadequate. (bio-techne.com)
  • The physical and chemical properties, protein conservative motifs, phylogenetic evolution, and expression patterns of the MADS-box transcription factors were analyzed. (bvsalud.org)
  • Analyzing the protein expression patterns of Fas, FADD, caspase 8, CDC25B, fascin, CK14, CK4, annexin I, laminin-5γ2 and SPARC would be valuable to develop rational strategies for early detection of lesions at risk in advance as well as for prevention and treatment of ESCC. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our results showed that there were thirty-one FvSUN genes in F. vesca and the FvSUNs encoded proteins were classified into seven groups, and the members in the same group showed high similarity in gene structures and conservative motifs. (bvsalud.org)
  • Results】 The antennal binding protein gene cloned was named as PxylOBP31 (GenBank accession no. (insect.org.cn)
  • 1991), none of the the structural details of the heterogeneous protein surface and experimental studies mentioned so far could provide un- takes into account a variety of short-range interactions, direct ambiguous information about oligomer structure. (lu.se)
  • Conclusion】 Our data suggest that heat shock protein chaperone and ubiquitylation may play roles in the regulation of EcR/USP, and this will contribute to the understanding of insect metamorphosis. (insect.org.cn)
  • Originally thought to have only a structural role, cMyBPC has been shown to play an important role in the regulation of cardiac contractility [ 1 ], for which the N-terminal region of the protein appears to be crucial. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Osteopontin is a crucial protein ingredient that has been applied in fortified dairy products and infant formula. (bvsalud.org)
  • Both adjustment of the pH under acidic conditions and addition of an alcohol are necessary to strip the extracted protein from an organic solution to an aqueous solution. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In the subsequent stripping stage, the extracted cytochrome c was quantitatively recovered in an aqueous solution. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Simple Western is a gel-free, blot-free, and hands-free protein characterization solution. (bio-techne.com)
  • In order to gain insight into the red coral biomineralization process and cnidarian biomineralization evolution, we studied the protein repertoire forming the organic matrix (OM) of its two biominerals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Contrary to reef building corals, the red coral organic matrix possesses a large number of collagen-like proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, it was found that some proteins such as alpha-2-macroglobulin appeared to be gender-specific with higher contents in FS. (sagepub.com)
  • Collagen is a fibrous protein found in all multicellular animals (Voet et al. (earthwormexpress.com)
  • At present, however, little has been known about the alterations on protein level in different stages. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To confirm the immunohistochemical results, three proteins, fascin, CK14 and laminin-5γ2, which were overexpressed in ESCC on tissue microarray, were detected in 12 ESCC cell lines by Western blot assay. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Adult bovine serum contains a variety of nutrients including inorganic minerals, vitamins, salts, proteins and lipids as well as growth factors that promote animal cell growth. (sagepub.com)
  • Recently, we reported that a calix[6]arene carboxylic acid derivative can selectively extract the lysinerich protein cytochrome c by interacting with amino groups on the protein surface. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The abnormalities of these proteins could be classified into different groups in relation to the stages of ESCC development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, the comparison with stony coral skeletomes highlighted the low proportion of similar proteins between the biomineral OMs of hexacorallian and octocorallian corals, suggesting an independent acquisition of calcification in anthozoans. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is the first time to use effluents of human perfused heart to study the proteins released during myocardial ischemia by HPLC-Chip-MS system. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Some of the identified proteins are known to be involved in immune responses and the others have unknown physiological roles. (sagepub.com)
  • Human milk is an ideal natural food for infants, and the infant's gender may have impact on protein composition of breast milk. (bvsalud.org)
  • It is used to quantitatively separate samples according to differences in charge or isoelectric point. (wikipedia.org)
  • You end up having to pool samples together or be content with getting just a few data points per experiment. (bio-techne.com)
  • Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP) 9, DPP8, DPP4 and fibroblast activation protein (FAP) are the four enzymatically active members of the S9b protease family. (preprints.org)
  • Aim】 Antennal binding proteins (ABPs), a sub-class of odorant binding proteins (OBPs), indispensable primary carriers of chemical clues for survival and reproduction of insects. (insect.org.cn)
  • The virion consists of single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome of approximately 8500 nucleotides in length and icosahedron capsid protein [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The virus capsid is assembled by 60 copies of each of four structure proteins (VP1-4) in a stepwise process [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)