Proteins mice embryos. Medical search. Frequent questions

The stages Hamburger and Hamilton assigned were determined by the visible features of the chick embryo. (asu.edu)
Firstly, literature based research identified genes that are expressed in tendon development in the chick embryo. (confex.com)
A-H ) Time lapse analysis of a live chick embryo expressing GFP under the control of Nkx2-5- en analyzed at different time points. (elifesciences.org)
Our main model organism is the chick embryo, ideal for functional and translational studies on neural crest development. (lu.se)

The expression changes associated with the loss of the tumor suppressor menin provide insights into the defective organogenesis observed during early embryonic development in Men1-null mouse embryos. (johnshopkins.edu)
Alberto de Iaco, a postdoc in the lab of Didier Trono at EPFL, drew upon a seemingly irrelevant study of patients suffering from a form of muscular dystrophy where mutations lead to the production in muscle cells of a protein called DUX4, which is normally detected only at the earliest stage of human embryonic development. (news-medical.net)
So it is no wonder that the protein p53, which works in our cells day and night to keep cancer at bay, has also been handed an important task in embryonic development. (weizmann.ac.il)
But scientists who in the past looked for a role for p53 in embryonic development had concluded that its "day job" was keeping it busy enough: "Erasing" the gene in mouse embryos did not affect their development (though, unsurprisingly, they did develop cancer early on). (weizmann.ac.il)
It is illogical to think that a crucial protein like p53 would play no role at all in embryonic development," says Tzahor. (weizmann.ac.il)
Embryonic development or embryogenesis is the process by which the embryo is formed and develops. (news-medical.net)
F-J ) Cross sections through different stages of embryonic development corresponding to the embryos shown in A-D. The mouse Isl1- en (green, GFP) and control pCAAG-RFP (red). (elifesciences.org)

Nucleolar protein 2 (NOP2) is evolutionarily conserved from yeast to human, and has been found to play an important role in accelerating cell proliferation, cell-cycle progression, and tumor aggressiveness. (umass.edu)
The present study was undertaken to determine the antitumor effects of an antibody-conjugate against fibroblast activation protein-α, a cell surface protease of activated tumor fibroblasts. (aacrjournals.org)
This mutation is often accompanied by alterations in transformation-related protein 53 (Trp53, encoding p53), which substantially accelerates mammary tumor formation. (nih.gov)
Rae-1 transcripts are expressed in mouse embryos and several tumor cell lines but are absent from most normal adult tissues. (rndsystems.com)
Rae-1 protein expression on tumor cell lines has been implicated in in vivo tumor rejection. (rndsystems.com)
Embryonic protein NODAL regulates the breast tumor microenvironment by reprogramming cancer-derived secretomes. (harvard.edu)
[ 1 ] His prediction was subsequently supported by the cloning of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene ( RB1 ) and by functional studies of the retinoblastoma protein, Rb. (medscape.com)
Like Rb protein, many of the proteins encoded by tumor suppressor genes act at specific points in the cell cycle. (medscape.com)
1) elucidating the role of neuroblastoma associated protein HIF-2a in neural crest development and its potential role in tumor onset, 2) how trunk neural crest specific genes can function as tumor suppressor genes in neuroblastoma, and 3) develop inducible tumor models using chick embryos. (lu.se)

On the C57BL/6J background, embryos homozygous for byg exhibit consistent XY gonadal sex reversal. (plos.org)
Homozygous loss of Men1 in the germ line of mice results in early embryonic lethality, with defective development of neural tube, heart, liver, and craniofacial structures. (johnshopkins.edu)
Mice homozygous for a knock-out allele exhibit embryonic lethality during organogenesis and subtle defects in cell cycle-dependent nuclear movement in neural progenitors. (jax.org)
Homozygous knockout mice exhibit impaired motor coordination. (nih.gov)
In a wild-type genetic background ( mdm2 +/+ ), lens damage and microphthalmia were observed only in mice homozygous for Tg p53 ( t/t ). (molvis.org)

When in culture, a small fraction of these cells exhibit at any given time the gene expression pattern of 2-cell stage embryos, before cycling back to the features of more advanced embryonic cells. (news-medical.net)
However, it is disputed whether TBLCs are 'true' totipotent stem cells equivalent to in vivo two-cell stage embryos. (sciencegate.app)

Next, the team used chicken embryos to pinpoint both the timing and location of p53 activation. (weizmann.ac.il)
The enzyme from Sigma has been used in the pre-hybridization step of chicken embryos. (sigmaaldrich.com)

The Y-linked sex determining gene SRY regulates this process by initiating a pathway of gene and protein expression, including the expression of critical autosomal genes such as SOX9 . (plos.org)
Our data indicate, for the first time, a requirement for MAPK signaling in the developing XY gonad in order to facilitate normal expression of SRY and the downstream testis-determining genes and also suggest that reduced dosage of MAP3K4 may be the cause of a previously described autosomal sex-reversing mutation in the mouse. (plos.org)
A molecular explanation for this may be that several of the engulfment genes expressed by macrophages, including the ABC1 transporter (believed to be part of the phagocytic machinery conserved from Caenorhabditis elegans to mouse), are not upregulated by these 'stand-in' phagocytes. (bris.ac.uk)
They found that DUX4 is one of the very first genes expressed at this stage, releasing a high concentration of its protein product just before zygotic genome activation. (news-medical.net)
In line with this lead, the scientists could show that the DUX4 protein binds to the regulatory region of genes that are induced during zygotic genome activation, stimulating their expression. (news-medical.net)
This protein has the task of organizing the genetic material in the cell nucleus and facilitates the interaction of other molecules with the DNA, for example to read genes. (mpg.de)
Additional experiments with mouse embryonic cells by research student Alina Molchadsky in Rotter's lab confirmed these findings: Without p53, there is an increase in the expression of genes tied to EMT as well as those involved in cell division. (weizmann.ac.il)
Conrad Hal Waddington's Organisers and Genes, published in 1940, is a summary of available research and theoretical framework for many concepts related to tissue differentiation in the developing embryo. (asu.edu)
Remarkably, a subpopulation within the TBLCs population expressed a high level of the totipotent-related genes Zscan4s and displayed transcriptomic features similar to mouse two-cell stage embryonic cells. (sciencegate.app)
p53 affects the transcription of many target genes and interacts with key cellular proteins. (molvis.org)
mouse mutants for both Meox genes lack an axial skeleton and skeletal muscles of the trunk and limbs. (confex.com)
The analysis of both authentic Dorsal target genes and defined synthetic promoters suggests that the ectopic gradient is sufficient to generate the full repertory of DV patterning responses along the AP axis of the embryo. (sdbonline.org)
For example, mesoderm determinants are activated in the anterior third of the embryo, whereas neurogenic genes are expressed in central regions. (sdbonline.org)

The expression pattern and function of Nop2 during early mammalian embryo development, however, has not been investigated. (umass.edu)
Conrad Hal Waddington's "Experiments on Embryonic Induction III," published in 1934 in the Journal of Experimental Biology, describes the discovery that the primitive streak induces the mammalian embryo. (asu.edu)

The genomic location, expression pattern, and ataxic phenotype of Chd6 Exon 12 -/- mice indicate that mutations within CHD6 may be responsible for ataxias. (nih.gov)
CUL3 ASD-associated genetic variants are most often de novo missense or loss of function (loF) mutations, dispersed throughout the entire gene and affecting distinct protein domains. (nature.com)
Researchers irradiated stem cells from mouse embryos to cause genetic mutations, then stained the cells to reveal the tumour suppressing protein p53. (newscientist.com)
Mutations in eggs that attempt to destroy the partner chromosome at fertilisation but fail, can lead to embryos developing with the incorrect number of chromosomes (aneuploidy). (planer.com)
Professor Laurence Hurst from the Milner Centre for Evolution which carried out the study, proposes that 'selfish' mutations which destroy embryos, may have an advantage in mice (which birth multiple offspring), as aneuploid embryos perishing earlier may enable siblings to benefit from a greater share of resources in the womb. (planer.com)
approximately 20,000 individual G3 mice were screened by phenotype analyses, and close to 50 new mutations were identified. (jax.org)

Recently, it was reported that treatment with a single spliceosome inhibitor, pladienolide B (plaB), can successfully reprogram mouse pluripotent stem cells into totipotent blastomere-like cells (TBLCs) in vitro. (sciencegate.app)
An article published in the journal Cell Stem Cell describes the first scientific study to develop blastoids - "synthetic embryos", as they were initially (and incorrectly) called - from bovine pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). (news-medical.net)

Dying cells have been defined as apoptotic by distinguishing features, including cell contraction, nuclear fragmentation, blebbing, apoptotic body formation and maintenance of intact cellular membranes to prevent massive protein release and consequent inflammation. (nature.com)
CHD6, a cellular repressor of influenza virus replication, is degraded in human alveolar epithelial cells and mice lungs during infection. (nih.gov)
Transcriptome analysis of mouse stem cells and early embryos. (nih.gov)
In hippocampal area CA1, two previously uncharacterized subtypes of interneurons were identified using the GIN mice: stratum pyramidale interneurons with lacunosum-moleculare axon arborization (P-LM cells) and stratum radiatum interneurons with lacunosum-moleculare axon arborization (R-LM cells). (jneurosci.org)
In the wild-type embryo, these dead cells are rapidly engulfed and cleared by macrophages. (bris.ac.uk)
ONE of the mechanisms that make damaged cells commit suicide is switched off in the embryo, say researchers. (newscientist.com)
Next, they looked at mouse embryonic stem cells, which contain the mouse version of the DUX4 gene (called simply DUX). (news-medical.net)
A stem-cell derived human embryo model showing blue cells (embryo), yellow cells (yolk sac) and pink cells (placenta). (planer.com)
A gene for a green fluorescent protein was inserted into the genomes of stem cells, which were then injected into macaque embryos grown for around four days in vitro. (planer.com)
Although the protein was present in the neural crest cells, they discovered that it was silenced for the duration of the EMT process. (weizmann.ac.il)
In the zebrafish, rprma mRNA is expressed in the olfactory placodes (OP) and olfactory epithelium (OE), rprmb is observed in the tectum opticum (TeO) and trigeminal ganglion (Tg), whereas rprml is found primarily in the telencephalon (Tel). At protein level, RPRM is present in a subset of cells in the OP, and neurons in the OE, TeO, hindbrain and sensory peripheral structures. (frontiersin.org)
We have previously reported a mouse model in which Brca1 exon 11 is eliminated in mammary epithelial cells through Cre-mediated excision. (nih.gov)
The Institute's Prof. Eldad Tzahor had already shown that face and heart go together: Very early on in the developing embryo, the progenitor cells that will become heart and facial muscles start out together in the same "classroom" - a small area in the neck region. (scienceblogs.com)
It's not just incidental: It turns out that these cells not only arise from the same population, they need to "talk" to one another before they can move off to their respective places in the developing embryo. (scienceblogs.com)
Chavkin NW, Leaf EM, Brooks KE, Wallingford MC, Lunn SM, Giachelli CM. Adaptor protein RapGEF1 is required for ERK1/2 signaling in response to elevated phosphate in vascular smooth muscle cells. (navbo.org)
Abstract Early mouse development is characterized by structural and epigenetic changes at the chromatin level while cells progress towards differentiation. (sciencegate.app)
In this study, we have analysed the dynamics of H3K27me3 at pericentromeric heterochromatin (PCH) during development of the mouse blastocyst, in comparison with cultured embryonic cells. (sciencegate.app)
Currently, the ability to culture in vitro totipotent cells possessing molecular and functional features like those of an early embryo in vivo has been a challenge. (sciencegate.app)
To address this question, single-cell RNA sequencing was applied to TBLCs and cells from early mouse embryonic developmental stages and the data were integrated using canonical correlation analyses. (sciencegate.app)
Rae-1 alpha, beta, gamma, δ and epsilon (retinoic acid early transcript 1) comprise a family of closely related (88‑95% amino acid identity) GPI-linked cell surface proteins that function as ligands for mouse NKG2D, an activating receptor expressed on NK and T cells. (rndsystems.com)
Measured by its ability to induce alkaline phosphatase production by ATDC5 mouse chondrogenic cells. (novusbio.com)
As embryos, mice lacking Jak2 failed to respond to erythropoietin and did not produce red blood cells--proof that Jak2 is essential for processing erythropoietin. (cancernetwork.com)
The tendon fibroblasts we attempted to isolate are from Scleraxis-GFP transgenic mice, so all tendon cells are GFP positive. (confex.com)
Migration of Nkx2-5 -en + cells from outside the cardiac crescent towards the heart tube. (elifesciences.org)
In this presentation, we will discuss the development of in situ/vivo approaches by cellular and subcellular mass spectrometry that enabled our lab to determine the proteomic and metabolomic profile of identified cells in live Xenopus laevis frog embryos developing to tadpoles and neurons in mouse brain tissues. (njacs.org)
The technology was extended to smaller cells, neurons in the mouse brain. (njacs.org)
Swiss Mouse Embryo Fibroblast Cells with MitoTracker Red CMXRos, Alexa Fluor 488, and DAPI - A log phase culture of embryonic Swiss mouse fibroblast cells was stained with MitoTracker Red CMXRos, Alexa Fluor 488 conjugated to phalloidin, and DAPI, which target the intracellular mitochondrial network, cytoskeletal actin filaments, and nuclei, respectively. (fsu.edu)
Tubulin, Actin, and DNA Distribution in 3T3 Cells - A culture of 3T3 cells was immunofluorescently labeled with primary anti-tubulin mouse monoclonal antibodies followed by goat anti-mouse Fab fragments conjugated to the cyanine dye, Cy3. (fsu.edu)
Visualizing Structural Features of the Golgi Complex and Nucleus in Swiss Mouse Embryo Cells - In order to examine structural features of the Golgi complex and nucleus at relatively high magnification, a log-phase culture of 3T3 cells was fixed, permeabilized, blocked with normal goat serum, and then treated with rabbit anti-giantin (Golgi protein) primary antibodies followed by goat anti-rabbit secondary antibodies (IgG) conjugated to Alexa Fluor 568. (fsu.edu)
Mouse Embryo Fibroblast Cells with Texas Red-X, Alexa Fluor 488, and DAPI - In this section, a Swiss mouse embryo fibroblast cell is presented that was resident in a culture labeled with the fluorophore Texas Red-X conjugated to wheat germ agglutinin, a fluorescent lectin that selectively binds to sialic acid residues. (fsu.edu)
Researchers at the University of Helsinki, together with researchers from the United States, have discovered a small molecule that inhibits the formation in cells of cytokine proteins that promote inflammation. (phys.org)
Recent studies revealed that nano-sized TiO2 can cause inflammatory response in airways of rats and mice, fibrosis or lung tumors in rats and DNA damage in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, Syrian hamster embryo fibroblasts and human lymphoblastoid cells. (cdc.gov)

The Dl and Twist proteins appear to make synergistic contact with the basal transcription complex, so that snail is activated throughout the presumptive mesoderm in response to both peak and high levels of the Dl gradient. (sdbonline.org)

We show that this histone modification is first enriched at PCH in the whole embryo and evolves into a diffuse distribution in epiblast during its specification and maturation. (sciencegate.app)

The primitive streak defines the axis of an embryo and is capable of inducing the differentiation of various tissues in a developing embryo during gastrulation. (asu.edu)
An electric field is used to introduce different plasmids into the embryo at gastrulation (St. 3), followed by EC culture and imaging. (elifesciences.org)

Here, we use an in vitro assay of protein synthesis in the hippocampus of male Fmr1 knock-out (KO) mice to explore the molecular mechanisms involved in this core biochemical phenotype under conditions where aberrant synaptic physiology has been observed. (jneurosci.org)
The p53 protein regulates Brca1 transcription both in vitro and in vivo, and Brca1 participates in p53 accumulation after gamma-irradiation through regulation of its phosphorylation and Mdm2 expression. (nih.gov)
Moreover, the dynamic of H3K27me3 at PCH during in vitro conversion from naïve to primed pluripotent state and during ESCs derivation suggests that the mechanisms underlying the control of this histone mark at PCH are different in embryo and in vitro. (sciencegate.app)
This study underscores the subtle differences between in vitro derived TBLCs and in vivo mouse early developmental cell stages at the single-cell transcriptomic level. (sciencegate.app)
2- to 4-cell and morula- to blastocyst-stage mouse embryos were cultured for 1 h in tritiated leucine at two specific activities and their subsequent development followed in vitro and in vivo (after transfer to recipients), respectively. (sciencegate.app)
To complement the in vivo system of chick embryos, we also employ human cell cultures, chick neural crest derived in vitro crestospheres and in vivo mice models. (lu.se)
From the early beginnings of in vitro fertili- motility and improves retention of sperm zation (IVF) it has been recognized that the motility in long-term incubation of both culture media supplemented with proteins fresh and cryopreserved, thawed human have a direct role in osmoregulation. (who.int)

A recent study has described why human embryos may exhibit such high levels of aneuploidy resulting in early pregnancy loss. (planer.com)
NOP2-deficient embryos exhibit reduced blastomere numbers, greatly increased apoptosis, and impaired cell-lineage specification. (umass.edu)
In this fashion, mice or other laboratory animals that exhibit particular traits can be created for specialized studies, or herds of farm animals (such as goats, sheep or cows) can be created that produce pharmaceutically useful proteins in their milk. (who.int)

Several bioactive peptides and structural proteins were reported to be cleaved by FAP, such as neuropeptide Y (NPY), Peptide YY, Substance P (SP), and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), human fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21), human alpha2 antiplasmin and denatured collagen I and III. (wikipedia.org)
IHC-P: Human uterus, human smooth muscle and mouse smooth muscle tissues. (abcam.com)
The formation of a human embryo starts with the fertilization of the oocyte by the sperm cell. (news-medical.net)
A novel antibody-maytansinoid conjugate, monoclonal antibody (mAb) FAP5-DM1, was developed to target a shared epitope of human, mouse, and cynomolgus monkey fibroblast activation protein-α, enabling preclinical efficacy and tolerability assessments. (aacrjournals.org)
We have used stroma-rich models in immunodeficient mice, which recapitulate the histotypic arrangement found in human epithelial cancers. (aacrjournals.org)
Close-ups of cell nuclei in a human cell culture: HMGB1 protein (green) is usually found throughout the nucleus (dotted line). (mpg.de)
Product SAE0009 has been used to break down human lens protein 1 . (sigmaaldrich.com)
Mutagenesis-generated mouse models of human infertility with abnormal sperm. (jax.org)
Recombinant human/mouse/rat BMP-2 (355-BM) induces alkaline phosphatase production in the ATDC5 mouse chondrogenic cell line. (novusbio.com)
Mature human BMP-2 shares 100% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat BMP-2. (novusbio.com)
We analyzed mice expressing human p53 transgene (Tg p53 ) selectively in the lens in the presence or absence of Mdm2 . (molvis.org)
Chick embryos are easily accessible, and their nervous system development is similar to that of human embryos at comparable stages. (lu.se)
Immunohisto- have been used for positive selection of NSCs from em- chemistry on human embryonic central nervous system bryonic mice (Nagato et al. (lu.se)
Some prohibit only cloning for reproductive purposes and allow the creation of cloned human embryos for research, whereas others prohibit the creation of cloned embryos for any purpose. (who.int)
human embryos [2]. (who.int)
5,6], hyaluronic acid effectively supports dium supplemented with hyaluronic acid) mouse and human embryo development and and a control Group B (whose embryos also their growth [7,8]. (who.int)

The TBLCs exhibited totipotency transcriptionally and acquired expanded developmental potential with the ability to yield various embryonic and extraembryonic tissues that may be employed as novel mouse developmental cell models. (sciencegate.app)
The ACVR1 protein is found in many tissues of the body including skeletal muscle and cartilage. (medlineplus.gov)

A strong rationale for taking this approach is that slice has been shown to accurately reproduce the in vivo phenotype of elevated basal protein synthesis in the Fmr1 KO hippocampus (cf. (jneurosci.org)
Taken together, our results demonstrate that Nop2 is an essential gene for blastocyst formation, and is required for RNA processing and/or stability in vivo during preimplantation embryo development in the mouse. (umass.edu)
The lethality of mdm2 −/− mice before implantation makes it impossible to analyze Mdm2 interaction with p53 in vivo at specific times of development, at postnatal/adult stages, or in specific cell types. (molvis.org)

EPFL scientists have just found that members of the DUX family of proteins are responsible for igniting the gene expression program of the nascent embryo. (news-medical.net)
The study points to DUX4, and by extension the DUX family of proteins, as the master regulator responsible for kick-starting genome expression at the earliest stage of embryonic life in humans, mouse and probably all placental mammals. (news-medical.net)
The founding member of the nodal signaling ligand family of proteins. (harvard.edu)

Waddington's hypothesis was that a transplanted primitive streak could induce neural tissue in the ectoderm of the rabbit embryo. (asu.edu)
Nodal protein was originally discovered in the region of the mouse embryo primitive streak referred to as HENSEN'S NODE. (harvard.edu)

In the developing male (XY) gonad, sex-determining region of the Y (SRY) protein acts to up-regulate expression of the related gene, SOX9 , a transcriptional regulator that in turn initiates a downstream pathway of testis development, whilst also suppressing ovary development. (plos.org)
These data demonstrate that MAP3K4-dependent signalling events are required for normal expression of Sry during testis development, and create a novel entry point into the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying sex determination in mice and disorders of sexual development in humans. (plos.org)
We identified a mouse mutant that causes embryonic gonadal sex reversal: the development of ovaries in an XY embryo. (plos.org)
Despite the well-understood process of CUL3-mediated protein ubiquitination and degradation 12 , its target proteins in the developing central nervous system and its role in brain development remain utterly understudied. (nature.com)
Chimeras are useful for studying embryo development but previous efforts to engineer chimeric animals have only been successful in mice and rats, this study is the first to demonstrate significant chimerism in primates. (planer.com)
We identified Nop2 as an essential gene for development to the blastocyst stage while performing an RNA interference (RNAi)-based screen in mouse preimplantation embryos. (umass.edu)
Nop2 is expressed throughout preimplantation development, with highest mRNA and protein accumulation at the 8-cell and morula stages, respectively. (umass.edu)
Other proteins cover for it, and while this enables development to proceed, it also frustrates the efforts of scientists to get at the mechanisms underlying that development. (weizmann.ac.il)
Thus, we provide a reference dataset describing the expression patterns of RPRM gene products during zebrafish and mouse development as a first step to approach the physiological role of the RPRM gene family. (frontiersin.org)
Importantly, a precise temporal description of RPRM protein expression during the development of neuronal structures is still missing. (frontiersin.org)
Herein we examine the temporal and spatial expression patterns of RPRM gene-products (mRNA and protein) during neural development. (frontiersin.org)
Recording and contextualizing the science of embryos, development, and reproduction. (asu.edu)
After identifying a number of relevant transcription factors, Tzahor, Harel and their collaborators around the world spent months developing and testing knockout mice that would reveal, in detail, the functions of these regulatory proteins in the development of the heart and face progenitors. (scienceblogs.com)
To facilitate a quantitative morphological analysis of early mouse development under controlled conditions, a perfusion culture system capable of supporting embryogenesis to blastocyst stage has been developed. (sciencegate.app)
Through the definition of a coordinate system based on mesh structure and the development of a special sectioning procedure, sections can be localized within the intact embryo and three-dimensional coordinates given to any element of embryo volume. (sciencegate.app)
These experiments identified the Fibin2 gene as a novel marker for mouse tendon development, and a potential downstream effector of Meox2. (confex.com)
The zygote undergoes rapid mitotic divisions, the formation of two exact genetic replicates of the original cell, with no significant growth (a process known as cleavage) and cellular differentiation, leading to development of an embryo. (news-medical.net)
A new study led by scientists at Uppsala University and INRAE/Université Paris-Saclay has discovered that the pro-viral host protein ZC3H11A plays a critical role in maintaining embryo viability during early development. (phys.org)
[ 2 ] Targeted disruption of TP53 in the mouse leads to the development of various tumors (see image below). (medscape.com)
Shortly, our overall aim is to understand the function of SNS related proteins in cancer and vice versa, i.e. the function of cancer related proteins in SNS development. (lu.se)
To suppress pi- the rate of bovine blastocyst and embryo tuitary function, women were treated with development in IVF programmes [12]. (who.int)
In paper №1, I detail the neurodegenerative and behavioural outcomes in a mouse lesion model of PD, which can be used as a platform for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. (lu.se)
I also describe the development of a novel behavioural task that is predictive of mesDA neuron cell loss in mice. (lu.se)

As the researchers found out, BPTAS is caused by a special genetic change that causes an essential protein to migrate to the nucleolus, a large proteinaceous droplet in the cell nucleus. (mpg.de)
The researchers wait for a moment to let the proteins fade, but can only wait so long or they end up with a hopelessly jerky, disjointed film. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Dr. Ihle and a team of researchers zeroed in on the effects of Jak2 by comparing mice that lacked the Jak2 protein to healthy mice. (cancernetwork.com)
Case Western Reserve University biochemical researchers have identified a new function of a key protein that leads to cancer-a finding they believe could lead to more effective treatments for a range of cancers and other diseases. (news-medical.net)

RNAi-mediated knockdown of Nop2 results in embryos that arrest as morula. (umass.edu)

At the molecular level, Cul3 regulates cytoskeletal and adhesion protein abundance in mouse embryos. (nature.com)

What actually happens in the mice missing the gene is that the genetic system is completely "rewired" to compensate for the protein's loss. (weizmann.ac.il)
Tzahor and his student, Itamar Harel began looking for the answer in transcription factors -- the proteins that initially control genetic activity. (scienceblogs.com)

Within the cytoplasm, lysophosphatidylcholine ( lyso-PC ) induces AP-1 activity and c-jun N-terminal kinase activity ( JNK1 ) by a protein kinase C-independent pathway. (fsu.edu)

The ACVR1 protein is normally turned on (activated) at appropriate times by molecules called ligands. (medlineplus.gov)
Activation may occur when these ligands, such as BMPs or a protein called activin A, attach (bind) to the receptor or to other proteins with which it forms a complex. (medlineplus.gov)
Another protein called FKBP12 can turn off (inhibit) ACVR1 by binding to the receptor and preventing inappropriate (leaky) activation in the absence of ligands. (medlineplus.gov)
Other ACVR1 gene variants result in a receptor protein that is turned on by ligands more easily than the normal version of the protein. (medlineplus.gov)

This suggests that Meox proteins are essential for maintaining myoblasts in a progenitor state. (confex.com)

CUL3 is a conserved protein of the Cullin family, comprising eight members, which contain a conserved cullin homology domain, named after its ability to select cellular proteins for degradation. (nature.com)

The most common variant, which occurs in all individuals with the classic features of the condition, substitutes the protein building block (amino acid) histidine for the amino acid arginine at position 206 of the ACVR1 protein (written as Arg206His or R206H). (medlineplus.gov)

Expression arrays in menin-null MEFs revealed altered expression of several extracellular matrix proteins that are critical in organogenesis. (johnshopkins.edu)
The active site of FAP is localized in the extracellular part of the protein and contains a catalytic triad composed of Ser624 Asp702 His734 in humans and mice. (wikipedia.org)
A complex extracellular matrix with collagenous and non-collagenous proteins composes mineralized tissue. (bvsalud.org)

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is caused by loss of the FMR1 gene product FMRP (fragile X mental retardation protein), a repressor of mRNA translation. (jneurosci.org)
Our data suggest that elevated protein synthesis in the Fmr1 KO is due to saturation of mRNA translation downstream of the MAP kinase ERK1/2 which is basally activated by mGluR5. (jneurosci.org)
E ) The GFP pattern formed in the cardiac crescent at St. eight overlapped with the Isl1 mRNA expression pattern and its protein expression by staining for Isl1 (red) GFP (green) and Dapi (blue). (elifesciences.org)

Apoptosis is one of the key tools used by an embryo to regulate cell numbers and sculpt body shape. (bris.ac.uk)
Here we show that Cul3 is essential to regulate neuronal migration and, therefore, constitutive Cul3 heterozygous mutant mice display cortical lamination abnormalities. (nature.com)
E3 ubiquitin ligases regulate cellular protein composition by providing target recognition and specificity to the ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation pathway 12 . (nature.com)

Eye phenotype and lens histology and ultrastructure were analyzed in adult mice. (molvis.org)

Established by George Todaro and Howard Green in 1962 from disaggregated Swiss mouse ( Mus musculus ) embryo tissue, the 3T3 cell line is a standard fibroblast cell line used in a wide spectrum of research and industrial biomedical applications. (fsu.edu)

It is used for the treatment of paraffin embedded tissue sections to expose antigen binding sites for antibody labeling and for digestion of proteins from brain tissue samples for prions in Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSE) research. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Digestion of proteins from brain tissue samples for prions in Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSE) research. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Quantitative evaluation of tissue-processing procedures has permitted selection of conditions which reduce changes in linear dimensions to −1·6 ± 1·8 % in two-cell embryos. (sciencegate.app)

Fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAP-alpha) also known as prolyl endopeptidase FAP is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FAP gene. (wikipedia.org)

We now show that during early apoptosis limited membrane permeabilization occurs in blebs and apoptotic bodies, which allows release of proteins that may affect the proximal microenvironment before the catastrophic loss of membrane integrity during secondary necrosis. (nature.com)
Blebbing, apoptotic body formation and protein release during early apoptosis are dependent on ROCK and myosin ATPase activity to drive actomyosin contraction. (nature.com)
These results indicate that limited membrane permeabilization occurs in blebs and apoptotic bodies before secondary necrosis, leading to acute and localized release of immunomodulatory proteins during the early phase of active apoptotic membrane blebbing. (nature.com)
This mutant, which we called boygirl ( byg ), was shown to contain an early stop codon that disrupts the autosomal gene encoding MAP3K4, a component of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. (plos.org)
In humans, the early loss of pregnancy of an aneuploid embryo, would avoid expending energy on the abnormal pregnancy over the full term and provide the opportunity for the mother to reproduce again in the hope of a successful pregnancy. (planer.com)
What are the consequences of expressing a constitutively activated form of the Toll receptor, Toll(10b), in anterior regions of the early embryo? (sdbonline.org)
These results raise the possibility that Toll signaling components diffuse in the plasma membrane or syncytial cytoplasm of the early embryo (Huang, 1997). (sdbonline.org)
There are five distinct thresholds of gene activity in response to the Dorsal nuclear gradient in early embryos. (sdbonline.org)
This enhancer contains a cluster of low-affinity Dl binding sites that restrict expression to the ventral-most regions of early embryos. (sdbonline.org)
For example, understanding cell differentiation during early patterning of the chordate embryo and its brain regions can provide insights into the treatment of various developmental diseases. (njacs.org)

The most enriched proteins released were the nucleosomal histones, which have previously been identified as damage-associated molecular pattern proteins (DAMPs) that can initiate sterile inflammatory responses. (nature.com)
Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors. (novusbio.com)
and proteins from the same stretch of DNA, plays an important role in molecular biology. (news-medical.net)

According to the metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) theory of FXS, excessive protein synthesis downstream of mGluR5 activation causes the synaptic pathophysiology that underlies multiple aspects of FXS. (jneurosci.org)
We find that elevated basal protein synthesis in Fmr1 KO mice is selectively reduced to wild-type levels by acute inhibition of mGluR5 or ERK1/2, but not by inhibition of mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin). (jneurosci.org)
These results suggest that the ERK1/2 pathway, and other neurotransmitter systems that stimulate protein synthesis via ERK1/2, represent additional therapeutic targets for FXS. (jneurosci.org)
Although it is now clear that mGluR5 participates in the pathogenesis of FXS, at least in animal models, it is still poorly understood how Gp1 mGluRs trigger protein synthesis and how this process is altered in the absence of FMRP to disrupt synaptic function. (jneurosci.org)
One source of confusion may be that proxy measures of protein synthesis, such as mGluR-LTD or phosphorylation of signaling molecules, have been used in intact hippocampal slice preparations, whereas metabolic labeling experiments have been performed in synaptoneurosome preparations of cortex that are not easily related to altered hippocampal synaptic plasticity. (jneurosci.org)

Here, we sought to elucidate the underlying mechanism(s) using mice deficient in the Brca1 exon 11 isoform (Brca1Delta11/Delta11). (nih.gov)
Direct evidence linking the INK4A locus to tumorigenesis was provided by the targeted disruption of exon 2 of INK4A in mice. (medscape.com)

Moreover, zebrafish is very well-suited for systematic analysis of gene expression patterns at transcript level by whole-mount in situ hybridization (WISH), and at protein level by immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence (IHC/IF). (frontiersin.org)
antisense RNA probes were generated, and used to analyze gene expression in mouse embryos. (confex.com)

To facilitate the study of these neurons, transgenic mice were generated that express enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) in subpopulations of GABAergic neurons. (jneurosci.org)
Mice with the required genotypes were obtained by crossing transgenic, mdm2 +/− , and p53 −/− mice. (molvis.org)
This problem has been circumvented with the use of several knockout, knock-in, and overexpressing transgenic mouse models. (molvis.org)

Three non-collagenous proteins, osteonectin, transforming growth factor β-1 (TGF-β1) and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), have drawn much attention in the literature lately. (bvsalud.org)
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) form a unique group of proteins within the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily. (bvsalud.org)

2 , 3 A key feature of apoptosis has been defined as the maintenance of an intact cellular membrane (detectable as exclusion of impermeable dyes such as propidium iodide, PI) throughout the apoptotic program to prevent intracellular protein release and subsequent immunological activation. (nature.com)
Brca1Delta11/Delta11 embryos died late in gestation because of widespread apoptosis. (nih.gov)

The p19ARF protein, which is encoded by the same locus as p16, also leads to cell cycle arrest by inhibiting the ability of MDM2 to inactivate TP53. (medscape.com)

Proteinase K has a broad specificity and degrades many proteins even in the native state. (sigmaaldrich.com)

If milk block is required, we recommend using ab8224 mouse monoclonal [mAbcam 8224] to beta actin. (abcam.com)
This mouse embryo cell moves around thanks to two proteins - actin (purple) and myosin (green) - dancing in sync. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Actin proteins (red) help this monkey cell create surface pockets (green) by which they can engulf nutrients from outside. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Using their new movie camera and tagging technique, the team has already discovered that actin - a protein 'railway' that shuttles cargo around the cell - also helps the cell's membrane fold around and engulf molecules from outside. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Actin proteins (purple) let this monkey cell form "ruffles" that help the cell crawl along a surface. (cosmosmagazine.com)

ENU-mutagenesis of male mice was followed by a standard three-generation breeding scheme, with fertility testing of all G3 offspring in order to identify putative reproductive mutants. (jax.org)

Deficient Spermiogenesis in mice lacking Rlim. (navbo.org)
Tumors that developed in mice deficient in INK4A were enhanced by the topical application of carcinogens and ultraviolet light. (medscape.com)

A-D ) Expression pattern of the Isl1 -en at different developmental stages. (elifesciences.org)

We show that in a macrophageless mouse embryo, null for the haemopoetic-lineage-specific transcription factor, PU.1, the task of phagocytosis is taken over by 'stand-in' mesenchymal neighbours in a clear example of cell redundancy. (bris.ac.uk)
The CDK4-cyclinD complex normally phosphorylates the retinoblastoma protein (Rb protein), leading to release of the E2F transcription factor and cell cycle progression. (medscape.com)

Occupational exposure limits with proteins such as topoisomerase inhibitors, and mitotic and meiotic spindle poisons. (cdc.gov)

Quantification of ~250-800 different proteins among three different types of neurons revealed reproducible proteomic differences between the neuron types. (njacs.org)
In paper №2, I describe how mesDA neurons transplanted in the adult SN of a PD mouse model, extended axons across millimetres into the striatum, functionally reforming the nigrostriatal pathway. (lu.se)

Dorsoventral (DV) patterning of the Drosophila embryo is initiated by a broad Dorsal (Dl) nuclear gradient, which is regulated by a conserved signaling pathway that includes the Toll receptor and Pelle kinase. (sdbonline.org)

The ACVR1 gene provides instructions for making the activin receptor type-1 (ACVR1) protein, which is a member of a protein family called bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) type I receptors. (medlineplus.gov)

The byg mutation is an A to T transversion causing a premature stop codon in the gene encoding MAP3K4 (also known as MEKK4), a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase. (plos.org)

The final piece of evidence came when the EPFL scientists removed the DUX gene from fertilized mouse oocytes using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. (news-medical.net)
To overcome this difficulty, the scientists targeted the p53 protein or its activity at only a limited number of sites, and only at certain times, so that the cell didn't have a chance to cover for the lost protein. (weizmann.ac.il)
To watch individual proteins through the microscope, scientists label them with tags that glow in the light. (cosmosmagazine.com)

Thomas C, Wetherall B, Levasseur MD, Harris RJ, Kerridge ST, Higgins JMG, Davies OR, Madgwick S. A prometaphase mechanism of securin destruction is essential for meiotic progression in mouse oocytes . (ncl.ac.uk)

In addition, the culture was immunofluorescently labeled with Cy2 conjugated to antibodies that target peroxisomal membrane protein 70 ( PMP 70 ), an abundant and integral membrane component of peroxisomes. (fsu.edu)
We previously reported a C. abortus (Cab) vaccine comprising recombinant Vibrio cholerae ghosts (rVCG) expressing the conserved and immunogenic N-terminal region of the Cab polymorphic membrane protein D (rVCG-Pmp18.1) protein that protected mice against intravaginal challenge. (cdc.gov)

In a functional ELISA, 1-6 ng/mL of this antibody will block 50% of the binding of 300 ng/mL of Biotinylated Recombinant Mouse NKG2D Fc Chimera to immobilized Recombinant Mouse Rae-1δ Fc Chimera (Catalog # 1134‑RA ) coated at 1 µg/mL (100 µL/well). (rndsystems.com)
Follow-up functional experiments led to discoveries of molecules capable of altering normal cell fate decisions in the chordate embryo. (njacs.org)

First of all, these were observed in mice -- more observations will be needed in humans to point to specific connections with any certainty. (scienceblogs.com)

Anatomy65

Organisms20

Diseases10

Chemicals and Drugs55

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment41

Phenomena and Processes65

Disciplines and Occupations5

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science5

Health Care1

Chick Embryo4

Embryonic development7

Tumor9

Homozygous5

Stage embryos2

Chicken embryos2

Genes13

Mammalian embryo2

Mutations6

Pluripotent stem2

Cells32

Mesoderm1

Whole embryo1

Gastrulation2

Vitro7

Exhibit3

Human16

Tissues2

Vivo3

Family of proteins3

Primitive streak2

Development23

Researchers4

Morula1

Regulates1

Genetic2

Induces1

Ligands4

Progenitor1

Cellular proteins1

Amino acid1

Extracellular3

MRNA3

Regulate3

Phenotype1

Musculus1

Tissue3

Fibroblast activation1

Early10

Molecular3

Synthesis5

Exon2

Gene Expression2

Transgenic3

BMPs2

Apoptosis2

Arrest1

Specificity1

Actin5

Fertility1

Deficient2

Stages1

Transcription factor2

Inhibitors1

Neurons2

Signaling pathway1

Receptor1

Mutation1

Scientists3

Meiotic1

Membrane protein2

Functional2

Humans1