Proteins inhibited inhibits apoptosis. Medical search. Frequent questions

Sparstolonin B was showed to alleviate joint swelling in RA rats, inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration and the release of ROS, reduced damage caused by oxidative stress, and suppressed the rate of apoptosis in synovial cells. (hindawi.com)
Sparstolonin B improved inflammatory responses and oxidative stress by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome, inhibiting the expression of FucT-V and downregulating the TLR4/MYD88/NF-𝜅B signaling pathway in order to rescue RA. (hindawi.com)
Thus, inhibition of oxidative stress and myocardial apoptosis is beneficial in the treatment of myocardial I/R injury. (spandidos-publications.com)
Oxidative stress as a mediator of apoptosis. (springer.com)
However, oxidative stress could play salient role in the observed cellular and genetic toxicity and apoptosis-like effects which could be abrogated by antioxidant vitamins and flavonoids, including vitamin E, quercetin, kolaviron, myricetin and bioactive extractives with antioxidant effects. (frontiersin.org)
However, the role of C1QBP in metabolism, oxidative stress, and apoptosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells have not yet been explored. (medsci.org)

However, the mechanism by which adenine inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells is sketchy. (hindawi.com)
Our study found that fibrinogen-like protein 2 (Fgl2) gene silencing activates angiopoietin/Tie system and induces myocardial microvascular endothelial Cells proliferation and cell migration, we also found that serum Fgl2 levels elevated in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), these results are preliminary, but very meaningful [ 1 , 2 ]. (silverchair.com)
Xanthoxyletin significantly inhibited the proliferation of oral cancer cells (IC₅₀, 10-30 µM) with lower cytotoxicity for normal cells. (medscimonit.com)
This study suggests that dihydrotanshinone I inhibits MV4-11 proliferation by apoptosis via antagonizing FLT3-ITD/STAT5/Mcl-1 path-way, which might provide a novel therapy for acute myeloid leukemia. (banglajol.info)
Duan P, Huang Y, Chen K, Cheng C, Wu Z, Wu Y. 15,16-dihydrotanshinone I inhibits EOMA cells proliferation by interfering in posttranscriptional processing of hypoxia-inducible factor 1. (banglajol.info)
Cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis were evaluated by the CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry using PI/Annexin V staining, respectively. (medsci.org)
Sesamin (75 and 150 μM) clearly inhibited SiHa and HeLa cell proliferation in a dose-dependent fashion, but did not affect the proliferation of Hs68 cells. (medsci.org)
Pifithrin-α also reduced apoptosis and restored the proliferation of HeLa and SiHa cells exposed to sesamin. (medsci.org)
These findings indicate that sesamin inhibits cervical cancer cell proliferation, and its mechanism may be attributed to the induction of p53/PTEN-mediated apoptosis. (medsci.org)
We demonstrate that UCN-01, at concentrations lower than those necessary to inhibit cancer cell growth, inhibit proliferation of human endothelial cells in vitro. (karger.com)
Specify the components and their interactions and set up cluding proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, embryonic the system of equations. (lu.se)

SPIN1 ablation activates p53, suppresses cell growth, reduces clonogenic ability, and induces apoptosis of human cancer cells. (elifesciences.org)
Khz ( fusion of Ganoderma lucidum and Polyporus umbellatus mycelia ) induces apoptosis by increasing intracellular calcium levels and activating JNK and NADPH oxidase-dependent generation of reactive oxygen species. (springer.com)
ATZ also induces morphological changes similar to apoptosis and initiates mitochondria-dependent cell death in several experimental models. (frontiersin.org)
UCN-01, a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, induces growth arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells and was recently introduced in a phase I clinical trial. (karger.com)

In addition, Beclin 1 gene deletion results in tumor cell apoptosis, specifically in hypoxic regions ( 12 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Many of the current efforts regarding anti-cancer drug development are focused on directing tumor cells to undergo apoptosis. (mdpi.com)
In tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-stimulated human aortic endothelial cells, beta-sitosterol was found to significantly inhibit vascular adhesion molecule 1 and intracellular adhesion molecule 1 expression. (drugs.com)
[ 1 ] His prediction was subsequently supported by the cloning of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene ( RB1 ) and by functional studies of the retinoblastoma protein, Rb. (medscape.com)
Like Rb protein, many of the proteins encoded by tumor suppressor genes act at specific points in the cell cycle. (medscape.com)

Levels of phosphorylation and protein expression were determined using western blotting. (hindawi.com)
Furthermore, sesamin induced p53 phosphorylation at serine-46 and serine-15 and upregulated the levels of PUMA, Bax, and PTEN, while inhibiting AKT phosphorylation at serine-473. (medsci.org)
The protein is phosphorylated in a cell-cycle dependent manner, with late prophase phosphorylation remaining through metaphase. (cancerindex.org)

The mechanisms of apoptosis inhibition by NS5A in liver cancer cells remains unclear. (spandidos-publications.com)
It was found that inhibition of autophagy attenuated the NS5A‑mediated apoptosis inhibition of HepG2 cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
Inhibition of cell viability was assessed with focus on apoptosis transcriptionally and translationally. (hindawi.com)
Tumorigenesis could possibly be inhibited by either very high levels of FOXO3a/CITED2 activity that would cause complete inhibition of HIF1 or very low levels that would permit HIF1-induced apoptosis under hypoxic stress. (genengnews.com)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) modulates cellular apoptosis, which is involved in the occurrence and development of liver cancer. (spandidos-publications.com)
Researchers discovered that excessive induction of Fgl2 under certain medical conditions (e.g., pathogen invasion) could trigger complement activation, inflammatory response, cellular apoptosis and immune dysfunctions. (silverchair.com)

Activation of P2Y12 receptor first phosphorylates BAD through the PI3K Akt pathway, and the liquid acidified BAD binds to 14-3-3 protein to separate BAD from BAD Bcl-XL complex, thus releasing free Bcl-XL. (researchsquare.com)
Free Bcl-XL directly binds to BAK, downregulates the dimerization level of BAK and inhibits the activation of BAK. (researchsquare.com)
As an important anti-apoptotic protein, dissociated Bcl-XL mainly binds to BAK or Bax and inhibits the pore-promoting activity of BAK or Bax [ 10 ] to achieve its anti-apoptotic function. (researchsquare.com)
RANK binds to transmembrane protein nuclear factor-κB receptor activating factor ligand (RANKL) to activate RANK/RANKL, TRAF6/RANKL/MAPKs, TRAF6/ RANKL/NF-κB, Wnt/RANKL/RANKL, and JAK2/STAT3/RANKL. (frontiersin.org)
The N-terminal region of the protein binds CDC2 to form a complex showing reduced H1 histone kinase activity, indicating a role as a negative regulator of CDC2/cyclin A. In addition, the C-terminal kinase domain binds to its own N-terminal region, suggesting potential negative regulation through interference with complex formation via intramolecular binding. (cancerindex.org)
In the interaction with proteins, lead binds with virtually every available functional group, including sulfhydryl, amine, phosphate, and carboxyl groups, with sulfhydryl having the highest affinity. (cdc.gov)
MDM2 binds to and inhibits TP53 activity. (medscape.com)

We now show that during early apoptosis limited membrane permeabilization occurs in blebs and apoptotic bodies, which allows release of proteins that may affect the proximal microenvironment before the catastrophic loss of membrane integrity during secondary necrosis. (nature.com)
These results indicate that limited membrane permeabilization occurs in blebs and apoptotic bodies before secondary necrosis, leading to acute and localized release of immunomodulatory proteins during the early phase of active apoptotic membrane blebbing. (nature.com)
Therefore, the shift from apoptosis to secondary necrosis is more graded than a simple binary switch, with the membrane permeabilization of apoptotic bodies and consequent limited release of DAMPs contributing to the transition between these states. (nature.com)
We found that Fgl2 gene silencing inhibits apoptosis and improves heart function of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes rats, the possible mechanism maybe that Fgl2 gene silencing reduces the tumour necrosis factor (TNF)±levels, decreases the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (bcl2), bcl-2-associated X (bax), toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). (silverchair.com)
Pyroptosis is a newly discovered form of cell death that differs from apoptosis and necrosis [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
The underlying mechanisms behind myocardial I/R injury are associated with a number of factors, including substantial free radical production, intracellular calcium overload, increased inflammation, myocardial necrosis and apoptosis ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

The results demonstrated that SA inhibited apoptosis signaling in H9c2 cardiomyocytes via downregulation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathways following hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury. (spandidos-publications.com)
Further, there are signaling pathways that participate in regulation, such as Wnt channel, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) channel, bone morphogenetic protein (BMPs) channel, peroxisome proliferator activated-receptors (PPARs) channel, and Notch channel. (frontiersin.org)

In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that SA inhibits the apoptosis of H9c2 cardiomyocytes following H/R injury via reduced activation of the p38MAPK and JNK signaling pathways. (spandidos-publications.com)
In particular, we will discuss the modifications in intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways caused by proteins encoded by HPV early genes. (mdpi.com)
Akt pathways have effects on apoptosis, protein synthesis, metabolism and cell cycle. (springer.com)
AMPK pathways inhibit biosynthetic pathways with energy consumption, such as protein, fatty acid and glycogen synthesis. (springer.com)
What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)

Beclin l, the mammalian counterpart of the yeast Atg6 gene, is an essential protein in autophagy ( 10 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Liu et al ( 13 ) reported that Beclin 1 gene deletion by either RNA interference or the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (MA) significantly enhances melatonin-induced apoptosis in mouse hepatoma H22 cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
This gene encodes the GA-binding protein transcription factor, beta subunit. (nih.gov)
In nucleated cells, BAD is an important target gene downstream of Akt [ 9 ] and belongs to the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family of proteins. (researchsquare.com)
Real-time PCR and Western blot analyses were used to evaluate gene and protein expression levels. (wjgnet.com)
Enhances transcriptional repression by coordinating the increase in H3K9me, the decrease in histone H3 'Lys-9 and 'Lys-14' acetylation (H3K9ac and H3K14ac, respectively) and the disposition of HP1 proteins to silence gene expression. (abcam.com)
The protein encoded by this gene is a putative serine/threonine kinase that localizes to the mitotic apparatus and complexes with cell cycle controller CDC2 kinase in early mitosis. (cancerindex.org)
What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
Molecular Cell paper provides evidence that FOXO3a triggers transcription of HIF1 target gene, which in turn inhibits HIF-1 induced apoptosis. (genengnews.com)
HIF-1 induced apoptosis in normal and breast cancer cells was inhibited due to FOXO3a stimulating the transcription of the HIF1 target gene, CITED2, according to Dr. Mak. (genengnews.com)
The protein encoded by this gene, together with spectrin and actin, constitute the red cell membrane cytoskeletal network. (cancerindex.org)
This gene provides instructions for making a protein called glypican 3, which blocks (inhibits) a developmental pathway called the hedgehog signaling pathway. (medlineplus.gov)
GPC3 gene mutations prevent glypican 3 from inhibiting the hedgehog signaling pathway. (medlineplus.gov)
For example, the TP53 gene, located on chromosome 17, encodes a 53-kd nuclear protein that functions as a cell cycle checkpoint. (medscape.com)
The TP53 gene is also capable of stimulating apoptosis of cells containing damaged DNA. (medscape.com)

Ribosomal proteins (RPs) play important roles in modulating the MDM2-p53 pathway. (elifesciences.org)
it still remains to be determined if there are more proteins that can regulate the RPs-MDM2-p53 pathway. (elifesciences.org)

The p16INK4A protein is a cell-cycle inhibitor that acts by inhibiting activated cyclin D:CDK4/6 complexes, which play a crucial role in the control of the cell cycle by phosphorylating Rb protein. (medscape.com)

In addition, NS5A significantly increases the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclin D1 and nuclear factor-κB, but decreases p53 protein expression in HepG2 cells ( 6 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Adenine significantly inhibited the viability of colon cancer cells, HT29 and Caco-2 cells, in a dose-dependent manner. (hindawi.com)
C1QBP significantly increased ROS level, apoptosis, and the expression of apoptotic proteins such as cleaved caspase-3 and bax/bcl2 via regulating XDH. (medsci.org)

We identified 231 proteins released from actomyosin contraction-dependent blebs and apoptotic bodies by adapted SILAC (stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture) combined with mass spectrometry analysis. (nature.com)
During apoptosis, apoptotic bodies are formed within cells. (hindawi.com)

Knockdown of P2Y12 promotes IL-1β -induced apoptosis. (researchsquare.com)
Our data show that the stable knockdown of HIPK2 led to wtp53 misfolding, as detected by p53 immunoprecipitation with conformation-specific antibodies, and that p53 protein misfolding impaired p53 DNA binding and transcription of target genes. (aacrjournals.org)
C1QBP knockdown and overexpression cells were established via lentiviral infection and subjected to apoptosis and ROS assay in vitro . (medsci.org)

The data showed that adenine activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling contributing to autophagic cell death through mTOR in both colon cancer cell lines. (hindawi.com)
Involvement of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in anticancer property of adenine was also investigated. (hindawi.com)
Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase-2 (HIPK2) is a positive regulator of p53 oncosuppressor function. (aacrjournals.org)
The cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors p21 and p16 inhibit the activity of CDKs, such as CDK4. (medscape.com)

This protein forms a tetrameric complex with the alpha subunit, and stimulates transcription of target genes. (nih.gov)
TP53 activates the expression of genes involved in apoptosis, cell cycle regulation (p21), and MDM2. (medscape.com)

According to a previous study, NS5A inhibits cell apoptosis in vivo and in vitro ( 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Moreover, Sparstolonin B downregulated the expression of NLRP3, inhibited ASC formation in vivo and in vitro , and reduced the levels of IL-18 and IL-1 β . (hindawi.com)

Recent research also revealed an anticancer role for HIF1 that is mediated by the initiation of apoptosis in response to severe hypoxic stress, according to the researchers. (genengnews.com)

Cell apoptosis was investigated using 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), annexin V, and propidium iodide (PI) fluorescence flow cytometry, which was also used to investigate the cell cycle. (medscimonit.com)
Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and TUNEL. (researchsquare.com)
Cell apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling and Hoechst 33342 staining, and quantified by flow cytometry. (wjgnet.com)

To avoid elimination by this mechanism, human papillomaviruses (HPV) have developed several mechanisms that enable the cells they infect to elude both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis. (mdpi.com)
In this manuscript, we review the current literature regarding how HPV-infected cells avoid apoptosis and the molecular mechanisms involved in these events. (mdpi.com)
These mechanisms include the ability of lead to inhibit or mimic the action of calcium and to interact with proteins. (cdc.gov)

Ganoderic acid Mf and S induce mitochondria mediated apoptosis in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells. (springer.com)
Of note, an increased carbohydrate uptake and/or induction of death receptors of cancer cells was exploited to develop glycoconjugates that potentially induce cellular stress, ROS and apoptosis. (degruyter.com)

Adenine forms several biological compounds involved in a variety of cellular physiological processes such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in cellular respiration and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in protein synthesis. (hindawi.com)

The most enriched proteins released were the nucleosomal histones, which have previously been identified as damage-associated molecular pattern proteins (DAMPs) that can initiate sterile inflammatory responses. (nature.com)

Dying cells have been defined as apoptotic by distinguishing features, including cell contraction, nuclear fragmentation, blebbing, apoptotic body formation and maintenance of intact cellular membranes to prevent massive protein release and consequent inflammation. (nature.com)
Why is there no inflammation in apoptosis? (brainscape.com)

Tak W. Mak, Ph.D., from the Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research at Princess Margaret Hospital in Toronto, and colleagues found that hypoxia stimulates an HIF1-dependent increase in a protein called FOXO3a. (genengnews.com)

Furthermore, it was confirmed that Beclin 1 expression by NS5A was involved in the negative regulation of starvation‑induced liver cancer apoptosis, which was accompanied by reduced p53 and apoptosis regulator Bax expression, as well as decreased caspase‑3/-7 activation. (spandidos-publications.com)
NS5A upregulates Beclin 1 mRNA and protein expression in a HCV NS5A-transactivated protein 9 (NS5ATP9)-dependent manner ( 15 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Protein expression was measured by Western blot. (medscimonit.com)
The administration of Sparstolonin B inhibited the secretion of IL-17 from Th17 cells and triggered the secretion of TGF- β from Treg cells, thus leading to the reduced expression of TLR4, MyD88, and NF- κ B, and the suppression of TNF- α secretion. (hindawi.com)
The expression levels of FucT-V, E-Selectin, and P-Selectin were also inhibited. (hindawi.com)
The encoded protein may be involved in activation of cytochrome oxidase expression and nuclear control of mitochondrial function. (nih.gov)
The expression of p53, Bax, Bcl-2, and actin proteins was analyzed by western blotting. (springer.com)
Effects of triterpenes from Ganoderma lucidum on protein expression profile of HeLa cells. (springer.com)
Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to observe the expression of P2Y12, MMP13, COL2 and other cartilage degeneration and apoptosis related indexes. (researchsquare.com)
The expression of P2Y12 increased in OA cartilage tissue, and P2Y12 inhibited apoptosis. (researchsquare.com)
Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
C1QBP promoted the mRNA and protein expression of hypoxanthine catabolic enzyme XDH. (medsci.org)

Thus, the present study hypothesized that NS5A inhibits apoptosis by inducing Beclin 1-dependent autophagy. (spandidos-publications.com)

The p19ARF protein, which is encoded by the same locus as p16, also leads to cell cycle arrest by inhibiting the ability of MDM2 to inactivate TP53. (medscape.com)

Here, we explored whether sesamin activates p53, which is widely inhibited in cervical cancer cells, thereby inducing p53-mediated apoptosis. (medsci.org)

This protein serves as a transcriptional activator of cell growth. (spandidos-publications.com)
Lan et al ( 2 ) demonstrated that HCV NS5A suppresses p53-mediated transcriptional transactivation and apoptosis during HCV infection, contributing to hepatocarcinogenesis. (spandidos-publications.com)

Apoptosis allows for efficient and immunologically silent removal of damaged or superfluous cells in multicellular organisms. (nature.com)
Adenine induced significant apoptosis in HT29 cells, whereas Caco-2 cells exhibited less apoptotic responses. (hindawi.com)
Our findings suggest that adenine inhibits the growth of colon cancer cells. (hindawi.com)
TUNEL staining was used to investigate apoptosis in synovial cells. (hindawi.com)
Khz, a naturally occurring compound derived from the fusion of Ganoderma lucidum and Polyporus umbellatus mycelia, inhibits the growth of cancer cells. (springer.com)
Khz inhibited cell division and induced apoptosis in A549 cells. (springer.com)
Induction of apoptosis by ethanol extracts of Ganoderma lucidum in human gastric carcinoma cells. (springer.com)
In nucleated cells, Akt activation inhibits their pro-apoptotic activity through flow acidification. (researchsquare.com)
The ability of the host to trigger apoptosis in infected cells is perhaps the most powerful tool by which viruses can be cleared from the host organism. (mdpi.com)
C1QBP promotes the catabolism of hypoxanthine and elevates the apoptosis of RCC cells by modulating XDH-mediated ROS generation. (medsci.org)

In conclusion, Fgl2 is involved in apoptosis, angiogenesis and inflammatory response. (silverchair.com)

Complement component 1 Q subcomponent binding protein (C1QBP) plays a vital role in the progression and metabolism of cancer. (medsci.org)

To investigate the effect of gambogic acid (GA) on apoptosis in the HT-29 human colon cancer cell line. (wjgnet.com)

A major dsRNA by these proteins may result in initiation of heli- component of this system is the innate immune response, case activity, concomitant with a conformational change which includes all the host barriers and responses with that leads to recruiting additional cellular factors, includ- broad specificity against pathogens. (cdc.gov)

Interestingly, these protective effects of Sparstolonin B could be blocked in RA rats by inhibiting the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. (hindawi.com)

Apoptosis is a fundamental homeostatic mechanism essential for the normal growth, development and maintenance of every tissue and organ. (nature.com)

This locus, however, also encodes a protein from an alternative reading frame, designated p19ARF. (medscape.com)

During the progression of FJOA, these pro-inflammatory cytokines are considered to be key factors in promoting chondrocyte apoptosis. (researchsquare.com)
microRNA-183-3p Inhibits Progression of Human Prostate Cancer by Downregulating High-Mobility Group Nucleosome Binding Domain 5. (cancerindex.org)
The CDK4-cyclinD complex normally phosphorylates the retinoblastoma protein (Rb protein), leading to release of the E2F transcription factor and cell cycle progression. (medscape.com)

2 , 3 A key feature of apoptosis has been defined as the maintenance of an intact cellular membrane (detectable as exclusion of impermeable dyes such as propidium iodide, PI) throughout the apoptotic program to prevent intracellular protein release and subsequent immunological activation. (nature.com)

Anatomy31

Organisms9

Diseases12

Chemicals and Drugs134

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment18

Phenomena and Processes51

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Oxidative stress6

Proliferation11

Induces4

Tumor5

Phosphorylation3

Inhibition4

Cellular apoptosis2

Binds7

Necrosis6

Mitogen-activa2

Pathways5

Gene15

Pathway2

Inhibitor1

Significantly3

Apoptotic bodies2

Knockdown3

Kinase4

Genes2

Vitro2

Hypoxic1

Flow cytometry3

Mechanisms3

Induce2

Synthesis1

Molecular1

Inflammation2

Hypoxia1

Expression12

Autophagy1

Arrest1

Activates1

Transcriptional2

Cells10

Conclusion1

Metabolism1

Acid1

Initiation1

Rats1

Growth1

Encodes1

Progression3

Intracellular1