Proteins host chlamydia trachomatis. Medical search. Frequent questions

Sub-Saharan Africa has been a natural laboratory for the evolution of sexually transmitted pathogens, including strains that can manipulate their hosts. (blogspot.com)
But how would infertility benefit Chlamydia and other sexually transmitted pathogens? (blogspot.com)
PLOS Pathogens publishes Open Access research and commentary that significantly advance the understanding of pathogens and how they interact with host organisms. (plos.org)
Scientists studying pathogens such as Chlamydia , Legionella , and Listeria get a master class in how to control the internal workings of mammalian cells. (the-scientist.com)
And she gained a new appreciation for the myriad other types of intracellular bacteria, a diverse group that includes many medically significant pathogens such as Salmonella , Listeria, and Chlamydia , as well as the causative agents of tuberculosis and leprosy. (the-scientist.com)
These microbes all enjoy at least part of their lives shielded from the onslaught of white blood cells, antibodies, and other immune defenses that the body launches against pathogens that live outside of host cells. (the-scientist.com)
Here, we review the many functions of autophagy in bacterial infections with a focus on macrophages, the first line of host defenses, and the replicative niche of numerous pathogens. (frontiersin.org)
Our main research goal is to understand the mechanisms underlying the ability of intracellular bacterial pathogens to subvert processes in the host cell in order to survive and replicate, namely by using secreted effector proteins. (unl.pt)
Legionella pneumophila and Chlamydia trachomatis are the two pathogens that, once inside the host cell, reside inside a compartment that is continuously modified by the action of effector proteins to escape killing and allow the creation of a replicative niche for the bacteria. (unl.pt)
Although the bacterial translocase has been characterized in other intercellular pathogens such as Chlamydia trachomatis and Rickettsia prowazeki, this is the first characterization of an ATP/ADP translocases in an obligate-intracellular plant pathogen and, given the conservation of the ATP uptake mechanism, may represent an evolutionary link between plant and animal pathogens. (usda.gov)
Chlamydia trachomatis are obligate intracellular bacterial pathogens that cause ocular and genital infections, which are a significant public health concern worldwide. (europa.eu)
Previously, we have used ExM to visualize the intracellular Gram-negative pathogens Chlamydia trachomatis, Simkania negevensis, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Many pathogens also deploy diverse immune evasion tactics in the host to achieve host cell invasion and colonisation and may successfully exploit host cells to access target tissues. (immunology.org)
Whilst many bacterial pathogens are intracellular in nature, others do not need to invade the host cell, but instead use various secretion processes which effect the delivery of toxins and other virulence factors into the host cell. (immunology.org)
Many intracellular pathogens rely on host cell membrane compartments for their survival. (pasteur.fr)
Chlamydiae as pathogens: new species and new issues. (cdc.gov)
Peeling, R. W. and Brunham, R. C. "Chlamydiae as pathogens: new species and new issues. (cdc.gov)
Neisseria gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis are the two pathogens most commonly isolated from women with positive cultures for PID. (pediagenosis.com)
The surface damage caused by the gonococcus allows other pathogens, such as chlamydia, to gain access to the upper reproductive tract and cause multiorganism PID. (pediagenosis.com)
Host membranes are inherently critical for niche homeostasis of vacuolar pathogens. (microbialcell.com)
therefore, host lipids and their biosynthesis pathways have emerged as critical regulators of intracellular replication for vacuolar pathogens both as organelle membrane building blocks as well as nutrients [8] [9] . (microbialcell.com)

Peptidoglycan recognition protein 2 (PGLYRP2) is an enzyme (EC 3.5.1.28), N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase (NAMLAA), that hydrolyzes bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan and is encoded by the PGLYRP2 gene. (wikipedia.org)
Our lab conducts biomedical research directed to establish the metabolic strategies and host- pathogen relationship in bacterial pathogenic species, such as Chlamydia trachomatis , the most prevalent sexually transmitted disease in the world, and Vibrio cholerae , which produces severe gastrointestinal disease to millions of people in developing countries. (iit.edu)
Chlamydia trachomatis is the leading cause of both bacterial sexually transmitted infection and infection-derived blindness world-wide. (plos.org)
IMPORTANCE Chlamydia trachomatis is a prevalent bacterial pathogen that causes blinding ocular scarring and urogenital infections that can lead to infertility and pregnancy complications. (bvsalud.org)
The key, regulatory enzyme PK was further analyzed and kinetic studies showed that 'C. trachomatis' PK (CTPK) requires cations for activity, can use alternative NDPs as phosphate acceptors and is allosterically inhibited by ATP, GTP and AMP, a metabolite that normally activates bacterial PKs. (umanitoba.ca)
Bacterial compartment is captured by autophagosome either via ubiquitination (A.2, 3) or host glycan recognition by galectins (A.3). (frontiersin.org)
In: Journet L., Cascales E. (eds) Bacterial Protein Secretion Systems. (unl.pt)
Bacterial ATP/ADP translocases transport ATP from the host cell cytosol, across the lipid bilayer, and into the bacterial cell. (usda.gov)
These effectors manipulate host cell processes to enable e. g. bacterial invasion, acquisition of nutrients, inhibition of apoptosis, or interference with immune signalling. (europa.eu)
To screen for novel T3S effectors of C. trachomatis, we used Yersinia enterocolitica as a genetically tractable surrogate bacterial species assembling a T3S apparatus, which has been shown to recognise heterologous T3S substrates. (europa.eu)
CtGEM typing was developed to subdivide the bacterial species Chlamydia trachomatis on the basis of genome phylogeny and anatomical tropism. (edu.au)
The research in the Division of Microbiology & Parasitology comprises a wide range of topics including: bacterial motility and flagellar biogenesis, mechanisms of entry of bacteria into mammalian cells, bacterial toxin export and multi-drug efflux, regulation of gene expression during host-pathogen interaction, transmission, cell-cycle dynamics and virulence mechanisms in malaria parasites, host modulation by parasitic organisms and dynamics of parasitic worm infection in human populations. (cam.ac.uk)
A large family of bacterial proteins is inserted in the inclusion membrane, and the role of these inclusion proteins is mostly unknown. (pasteur.fr)
Ammonia is produced from the bacterial degradation of proteins in the gut and also Helicobacter pylori infections. (mthfrdoctors.com)
Often starting as a phagosome in the endocytic compartment, these bacteria-occupied vacuoles transition into organelles with novel molecular features via remodeling of host proteins and lipids through the highly coordinated actions of bacterial factors [3] [5] . (microbialcell.com)

Researchers are starting to look at manipulation by another human parasite, a sexually transmitted bacterium called Chlamydia trachomatis . (blogspot.com)
The obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis inserts a family of inclusion membrane (Inc) proteins into the membrane of its vacuole (the inclusion). (bvsalud.org)
A common sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis . (hivedmonton.com)
Using the amino acid sequence from the Las encoded translocase, a homologous protein was identified in Ca. Liberibacter solanacearum (Lso), the bacterium associated with zebra chip disease. (usda.gov)
Invasion of epithelial cells by the obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis results in its enclosure inside a membrane-bound compartment termed an inclusion. (hal.science)
The bacterium quickly begins manipulating interactions between host intracellular trafficking and the inclusion interface, diverging from the endocytic pathway and escaping lysosomal fusion. (hal.science)
Studying the intracellular biology of the obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis . (cam.ac.uk)
Chlamydia trachomatis is a Gram-negative, ovoid, non-motile bacterium from the genus Chlamydia . (roboscreen.com)

T of C. trachomatis infection blunts the immune response, rachoma was first recognized as an ocular disease in the increasing the patient's susceptibility to reinfection ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
Chlamydia infection rate, by country (WHO 2004, Wikicommons). (blogspot.com)
Congratulations Clayton on the publication of your manuscript titled " The Chlamydia trachomatis Inclusion Membrane Protein CTL0390 Mediates Host Cell Exit via Lysis through STING Activation" in Infection and Immunity. (virginia.edu)
Differences in somatometric measurements and clinical variables in newborns with respiratory distress and infection between different Chlamydia trachomatis genotypes. (analesdepediatria.org)
We tested 1062 bronchial lavage samples from neonates with respiratory distress syndrome for Chlamydia infection. (analesdepediatria.org)
Pore-forming toxins (PFT) permeabilize host membranes during infection thereby causing concentration-dependent effects in host cell membranes ranging from disordered ion fluxes to cytolysis. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Full recovery entails the achievement of physiological (and immunological) homeostasis in the host, and the length of time this takes will depend on the nature and severity of the infection and whether there has been any prophylactic or therapeutic intervention. (immunology.org)
We have identified a previously uncharacterized protein, CT622, unique to the Chlamydiaceae, in the absence of which most bacteria failed to establish a successful infection. (hal.science)
In men, the most common manifestation of C. trachomatis infection is inflammation of the urethra (about 50% of cases) [4]. (roboscreen.com)
Additionally, there is concomitant production of mucins, immunoglobulins (secretory IgA and IgG), secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and β-defensins, and other antimicrobial proteins, which all together provide a formidable first line of defense against infection. (frontiersin.org)

What else would a sexually transmitted pathogen do to its host? (blogspot.com)
2011) argue that infertility causes the host and her partner to break up and seek new partners, thus multiplying the opportunities for the pathogen to spread to other hosts. (blogspot.com)
Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular human pathogen that exhibits stage-specific gene transcription throughout a biphasic developmental cycle. (plos.org)
Thus, it is thought that the success of C . trachomatis as a human pathogen may lie in its ability to survive these immunological stress situations by slowing growth and development until conditions in the cell have improved. (plos.org)
Because Chlamydia can only grow within its host cell, boosting the intrinsic defenses of human cells may represent a novel strategy to fight pathogen replication and survival. (bvsalud.org)
Any microorganism which is able to cause disease in a host organism is termed a pathogen . (immunology.org)
Another serious human pathogen, Bacillus anthracis, causative of anthrax , has well-developed virulence mechanisms involving the secretion of three proteins, one of which, protective antigen (PA), binds host cell receptors to effect entry of either lethal factor (LF) or edema factor (EF). (immunology.org)
Researching the interplay of host and pathogen gene regulation. (cam.ac.uk)
However, since the epidemic of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in Europe, serious safety concerns regarding the potential risk of contamination of prion, the pathogen causing BSE, in bovine protein products have been raised. (biomedcentral.com)

Bacteria and cytokines induce expression of PGLYRP2 in epithelial cells through the p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and IRAK1 (interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1) signaling pathways. (wikipedia.org)
The same protein exists in other bacteria but is located within the cytoplasm, where it can less easily affect the host's tissues. (blogspot.com)
Chlamydiae are nonmotile, obligate intracellular bacteria. (msdmanuals.com)
By revealing CpoS as a multifunctional virulence factor and by linking its ability to block host cellular immune signaling to the modulation of membrane trafficking, the present work may provide a foundation for such rationale targeting and advances our understanding of how intracellular bacteria can shape and protect their growth niche. (bvsalud.org)
In addition, unlike other bacteria, ' C. trachomatis' was unable to regulate transcription of central metabolism genes in response to type or amount of carbon found in its growth environment. (umanitoba.ca)
Research on how intracellular bacteria take control of their hosts is not only informing scientists about how these microbes cause disease, but revealing secrets of mammalian biology, says Mukherjee, who now heads up a lab at the University of California (UC), San Francisco. (the-scientist.com)
Intracellular bacteria vary considerably in how dependent they are on their hosts. (the-scientist.com)
So-called facultative intracellular bacteria such as Listeria monocytogenes and Legionella pneumophila do not need to be inside a host cell to reproduce. (the-scientist.com)
By contrast, obligate intracellular bacteria such as Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycobacterium leprae do, and this trait makes them a challenge to culture and study in the lab. (the-scientist.com)
In this review, we intend to summarize the current knowledge on the many functions of autophagy proteins in cell defenses with a focus on bacteria-macrophage interaction. (frontiersin.org)
Furthermore, Atgs proteins have non-autophagic functions essential for innate immunity against bacteria (Figure 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
This ability to import ATP directly allows bacteria that posses this enzyme to act as "energy parasites" and uptake ATP produced by their hosts. (usda.gov)
These transport proteins appear to be unique to mitochondria, plant plastids, and obligate-intracellular bacteria. (usda.gov)
A better understanding of C. trachomatis basic biology is important to eventually develop new ways to combat infections caused by these bacteria. (europa.eu)
To sustain their virulence mechanisms, many bacteria can sequester free iron in the mammalian host, through the elaboration of iron-binding siderophores. (immunology.org)
CT622 is abundant in the infectious form of the bacteria, in which it associates with CT635, a putative novel chaperone protein. (hal.science)
We show that CT622 is translocated into the host cytoplasm via type three secretion throughout the developmental cycle of the bacteria. (hal.science)
The obligate intracellular bacteria Chlamydia replicate within an intracellular vacuole, termed an inclusion. (pasteur.fr)
Thus, intracellular bacteria frequently encode the capacity to regulate host lipogenesis as well as to modulate the lipid composition of host membranes. (microbialcell.com)
Chlamydiae are obligate intracellular bacteria with a biphasic developmental cycle that involves cell types adapted for extracellular survival and intracellular multiplication. (nih.gov)

Currently, ongoing projects include the elucidation of the functions of L. pneumophila effector proteins that are involved in actin dynamics or are targeted to the nucleus, as well as a C. trachomatis Golgi associated protein. (unl.pt)
100 effector proteins. (europa.eu)

Viruses such as Varicella zoster ( chickenpox ) and Herpesviridae ( herpes simplex viruses, Varicella-Zoster virus, cytomegalovirus etc ) can hide from the immune system in neurons and non-neuronal cells where they may persist for many years, before emerging in pathogenic form when the host has a lowered resistance. (immunology.org)
Interaction with this secretory pathway is thought to constitute a novel pathogenic mechanism whereby chlamydiae establish themselves in a site not destined to fuse with lysosomes. (nih.gov)
Understanding the initial events in chlamydial differentiation, including the transition in properties of the endocytic vesicle to one which intersects an exocytic pathway, remains a significant challenge in deciphering the pathogenic mechanisms of chlamydiae. (nih.gov)

Chlamydia trachomatis attachment to cells induces the secretion of the elementary body-associated protein TARP (Translocated Actin Recruiting Protein). (elsevierpure.com)
Improving therapeutic protein secretion in the probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii using a multifactorial engineering approach. (ncsu.edu)
For this, specifically we aimed to (i) identify novel C. trachomatis type III secretion (T3S) effectors and (ii) further understand the secretion and function of known effectors. (europa.eu)
T3S assays performed with T3S-competent Y. enterocolitica or with an isogenic T3S-deficient strain individually expressing the TEM-1 fusions revealed a statistically significant higher level of secretion of 22 fusion proteins relative to RplJ20-TEM-1. (europa.eu)
Thirteen proteins showed a statistically significant higher level of secretion than full-length C. trachomatis RplJ. (europa.eu)
We also tested secretion of 11 out of these 13 proteins when expressed from an arabinose-inducible promoter in Y. enterocolitica, which revealed T3S-dependent secretion of 7 proteins. (europa.eu)
causative of melioidosis or glanders ) have multiple secretion processes through which they deliver virulence factors into the host cell. (immunology.org)

Lymphogranuloma Venereum (LGV) Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is a disease caused by 3 unique strains of Chlamydia trachomatis and characterized by a small, often asymptomatic skin lesion, followed by regional lymphadenopathy. (msdmanuals.com)
The rationale was facilitation of surveillance for ocular strains, although the method is applicable to essentially any C. trachomatis surveillance application that does not require high resolution. (edu.au)
Most C. trachomatis strains have a multicopy extrachromosomal cryptic plasmid, which is widely used as the target for PCR testing. (roboscreen.com)

They share a unique hydrophobic motif thought to target them to the membrane of the large vacuole where Chlamydia resides intracellularly. (europa.eu)
From within a unique ER-derived vacuole L. pneumophila promotes host lipogenesis and experimental evidence indicates that cholesterol production might be one facet of this response. (microbialcell.com)
Chlamydiae undergo their developmental cycle entirely within a parasitophorous vacuole, termed an inclusion, that is isolated from established routes of endocytic vesicle trafficking. (nih.gov)

Intracellular Chlamydia lacking both TmeA and TmeB, type III secreted anti-host proteins, generate fewer chlamydial progeny in tissue culture and have significantly decreased infectivity in mice. (uky.edu)
The proposed work will utilize the marker-less C. trachomatis deletion mutant to determine when during chlamydial development TmeA and TmeB are important, and identify their eukaryotic host cell targets. (uky.edu)
Despite the significant progresses made in the past decade, the precise mechanisms on what and how chlamydia-secreted proteins interact with host cells remain largely unknown, and will therefore still represent major research directions of the chlamydial field in the foreseeable future. (blogspot.com)
Liang P, Rosas-Lemus M, Patel D, Fang X, Tuz K, Juárez O (2017) Dynamic Energy Dependency of Chlamydia trachomatis on Host Cell Metabolism during Different Stages of Intracellular Growth: Possible role of Sodium -based energetics in Chlamydial ATP generation. (iit.edu)
However, they depend on the host cell for 3 of their 4 nucleoside triphosphates and use host adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to synthesize chlamydial protein. (msdmanuals.com)
Res lts indicate that the deduced amino acid sequence obtained showed high homology to other respective GA3PDH, PGK, PK, and ZWF enzymes, all four genes were expressed during the chlamydial life cycle and the recombinant proteins were active. (umanitoba.ca)
Information generated from these studies can be used towards the development of new treatments for chlamydial diseases and towards the development of a cell-free growth system for chlamydiae. (umanitoba.ca)
To study the function of known effectors, we focused on the C. trachomatis Inc proteins, an important group of potential chlamydial virulence factors. (europa.eu)
These include global regulation of chlamydial gene expression via histone-like proteins, vesicular trafficking, cytoskeletal interactions, cell signaling, chlamydial modification of the inclusion membrane, and interactions mediated by Type III secreted protein effectors, which control entry and subsequent events. (nih.gov)

They contain DNA, RNA, and ribosomes and make their own proteins and nucleic acids. (msdmanuals.com)

Chlamydia is a major cause of infertility, and this effect seems to be no accident. (blogspot.com)
Chlamydia often has mild or no symptoms, but if left untreated, it can lead to serious complications, including infertility. (hivedmonton.com)
Host Genetic Risk Factors for Chlamydia trachomatis-Related Infertility in Women. (cdc.gov)

Genus specific (C. trachomatis, C. pneumoniae & C. psittaci). (idhinhibitor.com)

Species distribution included 54 (76%) on the surgery and antimicrobial drug components and single infections with Chlamydia trachomatis , C. psittaci , C. had disappointing results. (cdc.gov)

As some C. trachomatis isolates are reported not to carry cryptic plasmid or have deletion(s) in it [7], "RealLine Chlamydia trachomatis/ Neisseria gonorrhoeae" assay kit detects two DNA fragments from gyrA gene and cryptic plasmid, specific to C. trachomatis species. (roboscreen.com)
RealLine Chlamydia trachomatis / Neisseria gonorrhoeae" assay kit detects a part of PivNG (pilin gene inverting protein homolog) gene sequence, specific to N. gonorrhoeae . (roboscreen.com)
RealLine Chlamydia trachomatis / Neisseria gonorrhoeae" assay kit is intended for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae DNA in human specimens: urine, semen, prostate fluid, swabs of the epithelial cells (urethral, cervical, vaginal), using the method of real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with fluorescence detection of amplified product. (roboscreen.com)

In vitro analysis revealed that a putative switch-protein kinase regulator, RsbW, is capable of interacting directly with σ 66 , as well as phosphorylating its own antagonist, RsbV1, rendering it inactive. (plos.org)
Then, we selected 48 genes that may encode uncharacterised effectors (e. g. no detectable amino acid identity to other proteins or with a particular putative biochemical activity) from the genome of C. trachomatis strain L2/434/Bu. (europa.eu)
In summary, we have identified 22 novel putative C. trachomatis T3S effectors, seven of which were also secreted as full-length proteins by Y. enterocolitica in different experimental conditions. (europa.eu)

have found that it synthesizes proteins that manipulate the signalling pathways of its human host. (blogspot.com)
Chlamydia trachomatis manipulates host cellular pathways to ensure its proliferation and survival. (duke.edu)
She learned that researchers had identified more than 300 Legionella peptides that mimic host proteins or otherwise hijack existing cellular pathways to the bacterium's advantage. (the-scientist.com)
The process is highly regulated by multiple signaling pathways and orchestrated by more than 30 autophagy-related (Atgs) proteins organized in several functional units ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
Yeast and candida cannot make NAD and so use up a large amount of their hosts' NAD for their own growth and metabolic functions via salvage pathways. (mthfrdoctors.com)

Its outer membrane contains a heat shock protein that induces cell death (apoptosis) in placenta cells that are vital for normal fetal development. (blogspot.com)
TARP crosses the plasma membrane where it is immediately phosphorylated at tyrosine residues by unknown host kinases. (elsevierpure.com)
Unexpectedly, we found CpoS to be essential for the formation of inclusion membrane microdomains that control the spatial organization of multiple Incs involved in signaling and modulation of the host cellular cytoskeleton. (bvsalud.org)
While the function of CpoS in microdomains was uncoupled from its role in the suppression of host cellular defenses, we found the ability of CpoS to interact with Rab GTPases to be required not only for the manipulation of membrane trafficking, such as to mediate transport of ceramide-derived lipids (sphingolipids) to the inclusion, but also for the inhibition of Stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-dependent type I interferon responses. (bvsalud.org)
This latter step is mediated by a second Beclin-1 complex, lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1), and a fusion machinery including SNARE syntaxin-17. (frontiersin.org)
The other, ofr, is within the ompA gene which encodes the major outer membrane protein. (edu.au)
Host cells possess defense mechanisms against PFT attack, resulting in endocytosis of the breached membrane area and delivery of repair vesicles to the insulted plasma membrane as well as a concurrent release of membrane repair enzymes. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
The strategies they have developed to subvert intracellular trafficking are often unknown, and SNARE proteins, which are essential for membrane fusion, are possible targets. (pasteur.fr)
Western Blot: SR-BI Antibody [NB400-104] - Detection of SR-BI in rat H4IIE total cell lysates and plasma membrane proteins. (novusbio.com)
Whereas the majority of intracellular parasites are thought to block maturation of the endocytic vesicle to a lysosome, chlamydiae rapidly dissociate themselves from this pathway and establish a functional interaction with an exocytic pathway that delivers sphingolipids and cholesterol from the Golgi apparatus to the plasma membrane. (nih.gov)

Roy's team had found that "this protein called AnkX, when microinjected into cells-even at picomole levels-could cause the entire Golgi to fragment in, like, five minutes," Mukherjee says. (the-scientist.com)

Our report characterizes a complete signaling module, the Rsb network, that is capable of controlling the growth rate or infectivity of Chlamydia . (plos.org)

Subsequently, the Human Genome Organization Gene Nomenclature Committee changed the gene symbols of PGRP-S, PGRP-L, PGRP-Iα, and PGRP-Iβ to PGLYRP1 (peptidoglycan recognition protein 1), PGLYRP2 (peptidoglycan recognition protein 2), PGLYRP3 (peptidoglycan recognition protein 3), and PGLYRP4 (peptidoglycan recognition protein 4), respectively, and this nomenclature is currently also used for other mammalian PGRPs. (wikipedia.org)
One, rg1, is within a hypothetical gene annotated as Jali-1891 within the C. trachomatis B_Jali20 genome. (edu.au)
Investigating the mechanisms by which the 'host genome' controls the activity of TEs. (cam.ac.uk)

Induced expression of PGLYRP2 in keratinocytes is regulated by transcription factors NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) and Sp1 (specificity protein 1) through sequences in the distal region of the promoter. (wikipedia.org)
LPS-specificity confirmed as follows: antibody reactivity is eliminated after treatment of EBs with sodium periodate (which destroys LPS but leaves protein unaltered) but is unaffected by proteinase K treatment of EBs (which destroys protein but leaves carbohydrate unaltered). (qedbio.com)

Here we identify SNARE-like motifs in the inclusion protein IncA, which are conserved among most Chlamydia species. (pasteur.fr)
We show that IncA can bind directly to several host SNARE proteins. (pasteur.fr)
However, interaction with the SNARE machinery is probably not restricted to IncA as at least another inclusion protein shows similarities with SNARE motifs and can interact with SNAREs. (pasteur.fr)
The analysis of intermolecular contacts showed that the IncA SNARE-like motif can make specific interactions with host SNARE motifs similar to those found in a bona fide SNARE complex. (pasteur.fr)
Moreover, point mutations in the central layer of IncA SNARE-like motifs resulted in the loss of binding to host SNAREs. (pasteur.fr)

Differential Translocation of Host Cellular Materials into the Chlamydia trachomatis Inclusion Lumen during Chemical Fixation. (duke.edu)
The Inc CpoS is a critical suppressor of host cellular immune surveillance, but the underlying mechanism remained elusive. (bvsalud.org)
Hence, CpoS, a Chlamydia protein known to block host cellular defenses, or processes regulated by CpoS, could provide new opportunities for therapeutic intervention. (bvsalud.org)
Macroautophagy, hereafter referred to as autophagy, is a lysosomal degradative process that participates in cellular homeostasis by enabling the removal of defective organelles, protein aggregates, or intracellular microorganisms ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
A comparison of their known functions has identified, besides a common role within protein folding, multiple roles for the cyclophilins within pre-mRNA splicing and cellular signalling, and within transcription and cell cycle regulation for the parvulins. (biomedcentral.com)
The Host-Parasite Interactions Section studies the basic molecular and cellular biology of chlamydiae and other obligate intracellular parasites. (nih.gov)

There are many similarities between the infections caused by N. gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) . (pediagenosis.com)

We first confirmed that known T3S substrates (IncA and IncC effectors) of C. trachomatis possess a T3S signal within their first 20 amino acids, which is recognised by the Y. enterocolitica T3SS as efficiently as a Yersinia endogenous T3S substrate. (europa.eu)

Our research uses an interdisciplinary approach to study these topics, with diverse methodologies, such as molecular and structural biology, protein chemistry and cell biology. (iit.edu)
A model is proposed where the relative levels of active antagonist (RsbV1) and switch-protein anti-sigma factor (RsbW) control the availability of σ 66 and subsequently act as a molecular 'throttle' for Chlamydia growth and development. (plos.org)
This also includes to broaden our knowledge and understanding of virus-host interactions on the molecular level for instance with components of the antigen processing and presentation machinery. (uniklinik-duesseldorf.de)

Chlamydiae access the body by invading the same epithelial cells of the endocervix, urethra, endometrium, fallopian tubes, rectum and conjunctivae that are host to the gonococcus. (pediagenosis.com)
This modified protein has no or low in vitro cytotoxicity to human T cells and vaginal epithelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Apart from being an acidic medium containing an assortment of antimicrobial molecules including antibodies (IgA and IgG), mucins, β-defensins, secretory leucocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), surfactant protein etc. (frontiersin.org)
Inhibition of DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit by small molecule inhibitor NU7026 sensitizes human leukemic K562 cells to benzene metabolite-induced apoptosis. (cdc.gov)

Application Instructions These antibodies have been qualified for use in ELISA to detect Chlamydia trachomatis elementary bodies and reticulate bodies. (qedbio.com)

2013) The Joubert Syndrome Associated Missense Mutation (V443D) in the Abelson-helper Integration Site 1 (AHI1) Protein Alters Its Localization and Protein-Protein Interactions. (iit.edu)
In 1990, he returned to NIAID, where he was appointed chief of the Host-Parasite Interactions Section, awarded tenure in 1995, and appointed to the National Institutes of Health Senior Biomedical Research Service in 2005. (nih.gov)

The sequence of 15 N-terminal amino acids of NAMLAA was identified, but the cDNA for the protein was not cloned and the gene encoding NAMLAA was not known. (wikipedia.org)
The protein product of the translocase gene demonstrated characteristics typical for members in this family of proteins, including 12 transmembrane helices and an isoelectric point of 9.4. (usda.gov)
For this, we constructed translational fusions comprising the first 20 amino acids of the IncA or IncC effectors and a reporter protein (the mature form of TEM-1 beta-lactamase), expressed under the control of the Y. enterocolitica yopE effector gene promoter (PyopE). (europa.eu)
The diagnosis of Chlamydia was made by plasmid detection with an in-house PCR assay, and genotypes were identified using a PCR-RFLP assay for the ompA gene. (analesdepediatria.org)

Bugalhão JN, Mota LJ, and Franco IS * (2016) Identification of regions within the Legionella pneumophila VipA effector protein involved in actin binding and polymerization and in interference with eukaryotic organelle trafficking . (unl.pt)

It has been associated with gastrointestinal (GI) infections with Shigella, Salmonella, Campylobacter, and other organisms, as well as with genitourinary (GU) infections (especially with Chlamydia trachomatis ). (medscape.com)
The young women have the highest prevalence of genitourinary C. trachomatis infections. (roboscreen.com)

However, the impact of autophagy goes beyond xenophagy and involves intensive cross-talks with other host defense mechanisms. (frontiersin.org)
The overall scientific objective of this project was to increase our fundamental understanding of mechanisms underlying C. trachomatis virulence. (europa.eu)
Virulence generally involves the employment of various mechanisms to destroy, or cause the malfunction of, host cells. (immunology.org)
Thus to protect itself from such virulence mechanisms, the host cell fights back by synthesising siderocalin receptors which competitively bind iron. (immunology.org)
This review explores the composition, function and adaptive mechanisms of the vaginal microbiome in health and those disease states in which there is a breach in the host-microbial relationship. (frontiersin.org)

Understanding K. phaffii (Pichia pastoris) Host Cell Proteins: Proteomic Analysis and Flow-through Affinity Clearance (T. I. Williams, Ed.). Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Vol. 01. (ncsu.edu)
Towards continuous mAb purification: Clearance of host cell proteins from CHO cell culture harvests via "flow-through affinity chromatography" using peptide-based adsorbents. (ncsu.edu)
Chromosomally mediated resistance is more general and involves mutations that alter cell wall permeability or the affinity of binding proteins to antibiotics. (pediagenosis.com)

I hypothesize that TmeA and TmeB are functionally related and important for establishing the inclusion, because they are co-transcribed, share a common chaperone, and are secreted into the host cell at the same time. (uky.edu)
Neonates born of infected mothers can develop inclusion conjunctivitis, nasopharyngeal infections and pneumonia due to C. trachomatis [5]. (roboscreen.com)

Once the organism gains access to the host, it is able to replicate within the host vascular endothelial cells and spread from cell to cell by polymerizing host cell actin. (nih.gov)

We have raised rabbit polyclonal antibodies against 5 of these proteins and we are currently analysing their subcellular localisation in C. trachomatis infected cells. (europa.eu)

C . trachomatis only replicates from inside a host cell, and has evolved to acquire a variety of nutrients directly from its host. (plos.org)
Our results suggest a mechanism by which Chlamydia can tailor its growth rate to the conditions within the host cell. (plos.org)
To enter a host cell, HIV binds to a CD4 receptor and a coreceptor on the host cell. (hivedmonton.com)
For years, the obligate intracellular eubacteria chlamydiae, were speculated to be energy parasites, completely dependent on the host cell for high-energy intermediates. (umanitoba.ca)
Franco IS* and Shuman HA(2012) A pathogen's journey in the host cell: bridges between actin and traffic . (unl.pt)
Franco IS*, Shohdy N, Shuman HA(2012) The Legionella pneumophila effector VipA is an actin nucleator that alters host cell organelle trafficking . (unl.pt)
Development of Peptide Ligands for Targeted Capture of Host Cell Proteins from Cell Culture Production Harvests. (ncsu.edu)
Removal of host cell proteins from cell culture fluids by weak partitioning chromatography using peptide-based adsorbents. (ncsu.edu)
Targeted capture of Chinese hamster ovary host cell proteins: Peptide ligand binding by proteomic analysis. (ncsu.edu)
We further observed that thereby the lysosomal protein acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) was released into the cell culture medium. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Cell Host & Microbe 19(4):5290540. (bu.edu)

Collectively, these data implicate TARP in signaling to the actin cytoskeleton remodeling machinery, demonstrating a mechanism by which C.trachomatis invades non-phagocytic cells. (elsevierpure.com)
It is resistant to trypsin hydrolysis, possibly because the lysine and arginine residues in OVA are modified by ML. Mechanism studies suggest that ML-OVA inhibits HIV-1 entry by targeting gp120 on HIV-1 virions and also the CD4 receptor on the host cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Anatomy13

Organisms14

Diseases45

Chemicals and Drugs17

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment19

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes7

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Information Science4

Named Groups2

Health Care6

Geographicals1

Pathogens21

Bacterial15

Bacterium8

Infection10

Pathogen9

Bacteria20

Effector Proteins2

Pathogenic3

Secretion7

Strains3

Vacuole3

Chlamydial9

Nucleic acids1

Infertility3

Pneumoniae1

Psittaci1

Neisseria3

Putative3

Pathways5

Membrane10

Golgi1

Infectivity1

Genome3

Specificity2

SNARE5

Cellular6

Infections caused1

Yersinia1

Molecular3

Epithelial cells2

Inhibitor2

Reticulate1

Interactions2

Gene4

Identification1

Genitourinary2

Mechanisms5

Affinity3

Inclusion2

Replicate1

Polyclonal1

Cell11

Mechanism2