BiosynthesisGlycoproteinsGlycosylationAntibodiesLipidResiduesSialic acidMass spectrometryCarbohydrateInteractionsCapsid proteinsGenesSphingolipidsCerebrosidesAntigensNorovirusKinasePhosphorylationMucinNeu5GcTransferrinTransmembraneMannoseFattyPeptidesTumorAttachmentBovineSugarsSubunit betaStructuralBacteriaGuanineMoleculesReceptor 37ActivatorEnzymesLamininFibronectinCovalentlyMembraneAbundanceCellularAmino acidInhibitoryMoietiesMRNAViralRolesExamplesStructure
Biosynthesis5
- Aberrant glycosylation is a key feature of malignant transformation and reflects epigenetic and genetic anomalies among the multitude of molecules involved in glycan biosynthesis. (unibe.ch)
- Although glycan biosynthesis is not template bound, altered tumor glycosylation is not random, but associated with common glycosylation patterns. (unibe.ch)
- So the study of glycan structures is also complicated by the lack of a proper and direct template for their biosynthesis, contrary to the case with amino acids and proteins. (biochemistryconferences.com)
- Correcting for sparsity and interdependence in glycomics by accounting for glycan biosynthesis. (omicsdi.org)
- Is key in the biosynthesis of glycosphingolipids and gangliosides. (foodb.ca)
Glycoproteins6
- Detecting Protein Modifications-Section 9.4 ) are based on periodate oxidation of glycoproteins and subsequent labeling with a Pro-Q Emerald dye. (thermofisher.com)
- Sialic acid is a generic term for the N- or O-substituted derivatives of neuraminic acid, a monosaccharide with a nine-carbon backbone and are found widely distributed in animal tissues and to a lesser extent in some other organisms, ranging from fungi,plants,yeasts and bacteria, mostly in glycoproteins and gangliosides. (biochemistryconferences.com)
- In the respiratory tract, human coronaviruses depend on sialic acids linked to glycoproteins or gangliosides as the main attachment sites. (breathinglabs.com)
- immune-mediated nerve problems that concentrate on glycans borne by glycolipids and glycoproteins enriched within the peripheral nerves. (aetox.com)
- Expression of cell-surface glycoproteins was evaluated by SNA lectin blot analysis, as described (5), by using the DIG Glycan Differentiation Kit (Roche Molecular Biochemical), exactly as per the manufacturer's recommendations. (biomedigs.org)
- Conjugated protein-carbohydrate compounds including mucins , mucoid, and amyloid glycoproteins . (lookformedical.com)
Glycosylation4
- This gene encodes a highly conserved glycoprotein which is a precursor for 4 cleavage products: saposins A, B, C, and D. Each domain of the precursor protein is approximately 80 amino acid residues long with nearly identical placement of cysteine residues and glycosylation sites. (affbiotech.cn)
- Advances toward mapping the full extent of protein site-specific O-GalNAc glycosylation that better reflects underlying glycomic complexity. (sinica.edu.tw)
- We performed mass spectrometry analysis of N -glycans and evaluated the impact of altered glycosylation in IgA3.0 ch14.18 on antibody half-life by performing pharmacokinetic (PK) studies in mice injected intravenously with 5 mg/kg antibody solution. (bmj.com)
- Finally, we apply our method on mucin-type O-glycans, gangliosides, and site-specific compositional glycosylation data to reveal tissues and disease-specific glycan presentations. (omicsdi.org)
Antibodies4
- IgG antibodies in opposition to gangliosides GM1 and GD1a are strongly related to motor axonal variants of Guillain-Barré syndrome, and anti-GQ1b with Miller Fisher syndrome. (aetox.com)
- GBS cluster sufferers have been characterised by a extra extreme medical phenotype with extra sufferers requiring mechanical air flow and better frequencies of auto antibodies in opposition to sulfatide, GalC and sure ganglioside epitopes (54 %) as in comparison with sporadic GBS circumstances. (aetox.com)
- Conclusions IgA3.0 ch14.18 is a promising new therapy for neuroblastoma, showing (1) increased half-life compared to natural IgA antibodies, (2) increased protein stability enabling effortless production and purification, (3) potent CD89-mediated tumor killing in vitro by healthy subjects and patients with neuroblastoma and (4) antitumor efficacy in long-term mouse neuroblastoma models. (bmj.com)
- Some ANTIBODIES and carbohydrate-metabolizing proteins (ENZYMES) also bind to carbohydrates , however they are not considered lectins . (lookformedical.com)
Lipid6
- Being typically a minor component of the cell membrane, they are of utmost importance for biological functions that rely on lipid-lipid and lipid-protein interactions (Schnaar and Kinoshita 2015 ). (springer.com)
- Of note, with these extraction procedures, GSLs are categorized by their glycan structure, whereas the lipid tails are not determined (Fahy et al. (springer.com)
- UVPD based LC-MS separations of gangliosides shed light on the ceramide lipid bases, glycan moieties, and their isobaric structural variants. (showboat-alkmaar.nl)
- Lipid-specific oligomerization of the Marburg virus matrix protein VP40 is regulated by two distinct interfaces for virion assembly. (uci.edu)
- Perilipin 5 (PLIN5) is a lipid-droplet-associated protein that coordinates intracellular lipolysis in highly oxidative tissues and is thought to regulate lipid metabolism in response to phosphorylation by protein kinase A (PKA). (uci.edu)
- FLIM-FRET analysis of protein-protein interactions showed that PLIN5 S155 phosphorylation regulates PLIN5 interaction with adipose triglyceride lipase at the lipid droplet, but not with α-β hydrolase domain-containing 5. (uci.edu)
Residues2
- Cellular receptors for polyomaviruses are sialic acid residues of glycans, commonly gangliosides. (wikipedia.org)
- The active subunits catalyze the transfer of phosphate from ATP to specific serine or threonine residues of protein substrates. (wikipedia.org)
Sialic acid1
- Normally, transferrin has two N-glycans each with two sialic acid sugars (tetrasialotransferrin). (cdghub.com)
Mass spectrometry1
- Protein Secondary Structure Affects Glycan Clustering in Native Mass Spectrometry. (uni-luebeck.de)
Carbohydrate8
- Sphingolipids attached to a glycan (or a carbohydrate) is referred to as glycosphingolipid. (brainwritings.com)
- Discovering carbohydrate and glycan antigens as cancer biomarkers or even abnormal glycation pathways in metabolic disorders such as diabetes inhibited the importance of the expansion of glycoscience in a future, as a way of representing new biomarkers and therapeutic targets in disease. (biochemistryconferences.com)
- A protein containing a carbohydrate group. (flashcardmachine.com)
- EndoBI-1-released N-glycans were quantified by a phenol-sulphuric total carbohydrate assay and the resultant N-glycan structures monitored by nano-LC-Chip-Q-TOF MS. The kinetic parameters and structural characterization of glycans released suggest EndoBI-1 can facilitate large-scale release of complex, bioactive glycans from a variety of glycoprotein substrates. (omicsdi.org)
- Proteins which contain carbohydrate groups attached covalently to the polypeptide chain. (lookformedical.com)
- The protein moiety is the predominant group with the carbohydrate making up only a small percentage of the total weight. (lookformedical.com)
- The chemical or biochemical addition of carbohydrate or glycosyl groups to other chemicals, especially peptides or proteins. (lookformedical.com)
- PLANT LECTINS are carbohydrate-binding proteins that have been primarily identified by their hemagglutinating activity (HEMAGGLUTININS). (lookformedical.com)
Interactions3
- Hypersialylation may display 'enhanced self' to escape immunosurveillance and involves several not mutually exclusive inhibitory pathways that all rely on protein-glycan interactions. (unibe.ch)
- Norovirus-glycan interactions - how strong are they really? (uni-luebeck.de)
- Membrane-anchored mucins may have additional roles concerned with protein interactions at the cell surface. (lookformedical.com)
Capsid proteins3
- each pentamer of VP1 is associated with one molecule of one of the other two capsid proteins, VP2 or VP3. (wikipedia.org)
- LT induces DNA replication from the viral genome's non-coding control region (NCCR), after which expression of the early mRNA is reduced and expression of the late mRNA, which encodes the viral capsid proteins, begins. (wikipedia.org)
- NMR Experiments Shed New Light on Glycan Recognition by Human and Murine Norovirus Capsid Proteins. (uni-luebeck.de)
Genes2
- Mitochondrial genes and proteins were induced upon pan-CD44 kd, as were OxPhos genes. (bvsalud.org)
- The annotation of the full genome sequence revealed the absence of genes encoding for a non-flagellar type 3 protein secretion system (NF-T3SS). (assignster.com)
Sphingolipids1
- These molecules enabled us to address the question, where the Gb 3 sphingolipids are localized prior protein binding by means of fluorescence microscopy on giant unilamellar vesicles. (springer.com)
Cerebrosides2
- Examples are cerebrosides and gangliosides. (brainwritings.com)
- An aldohexose that occurs naturally in the D-form in lactose, cerebrosides, gangliosides, and mucoproteins. (lookformedical.com)
Antigens1
- The early region usually codes for two proteins, the small and large tumor antigens, produced by alternative splicing. (wikipedia.org)
Norovirus2
- Norovirus, glycans and attachment. (uni-luebeck.de)
- Many of the proteins made by RNA viruses, including Coxsackievirus, Norovirus and SARS-CoV-2, end in a C-terminal ΦQ motif because they are excised by 3C protease from a precursor polyprotein. (mdpi.com)
Kinase6
- In eukaryotes, cyclic AMP works by activating protein kinase A (PKA, or cAMP-dependent protein kinase ). (wikipedia.org)
- Cyclic AMP binds to specific locations on the regulatory units of the protein kinase, and causes dissociation between the regulatory and catalytic subunits, thus enabling those catalytic units to phosphorylate substrate proteins. (wikipedia.org)
- Protein kinase A can also phosphorylate specific proteins that bind to promoter regions of DNA, causing increases in transcription. (wikipedia.org)
- Several classes of protein kinases , including protein kinase C, are not cAMP-dependent. (wikipedia.org)
- Further effects mainly depend on cAMP-dependent protein kinase , which vary based on the type of cell. (wikipedia.org)
- Inhibition of protein kinase C by snake venom toxins: comparison of enzyme inhibition, lethality and hemolysis among different cardiotoxin isoforms. (sinica.edu.tw)
Phosphorylation2
- Adhesion-Mediated Protein Tyrosine Phosphorylation. (biomedigs.org)
- After adhesion to fibronectin, however, there was a striking difference in the level of phosphorylation of a 75-kDa protein in all of the transfectants. (biomedigs.org)
Mucin1
- A recent PLOS Pathogens study analyzed the role played by host mucins and mucin glycans with regard to SARS-CoV-2 entry into the airway epithelial cells. (breathinglabs.com)
Neu5Gc2
Transferrin1
- We studied nanocarriers (NCs) targeted to the transferrin receptor (TfR), ganglioside GM1 or ICAM1, associated to the clathrin, caveolar or cell adhesion molecule (CAM) routes, respectively. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Transmembrane2
- Additionally, proteolytic cleavage of the spike protein, mediated by the transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), is required for viral entry. (breathinglabs.com)
- This study analyzed the role played by transmembrane mucins and their terminal glycans in the SARS-CoV-2 entry process in primary airway cultures and a respiratory cell line. (breathinglabs.com)
Mannose3
- N-acetylglucosaminidase, which cleaves the N-N'-diacetyl chitobiose moiety found in the N-glycan core of high mannose, hybrid and complex N-glycans. (omicsdi.org)
- DEC-205 (CD205), a member of the macrophage mannose receptor protein family, is the prototypic endocytic receptor of dendritic cells, whose ligands include phosphorothioated cytosine-guanosine (CpG) oligonucleotides, a motif often seen in bacterial or viral DNA. (uci.edu)
- Here we describe the 3.2 Å cryo-EM structure of human DEC-205, thereby illuminating the structure of the mannose receptor protein family. (uci.edu)
Fatty1
- Whereas the trisaccharidic head group of Gb 3 defines the specificity of Shiga toxin binding, the lipophilic part composed of sphingosine and different fatty acids is suggested to determine its localization within membranes impacting membrane organisation and protein binding eventually leading to protein internalisation. (springer.com)
Peptides1
- Eleven unique tryptic peptides, as shown, matched the heat shock cognate 71-kDa protein. (biomedigs.org)
Tumor1
Attachment1
- The attachment of polyomaviruses to host cells is mediated by the binding of VP1 to sialylated glycans on the cell surface. (wikipedia.org)
Bovine2
- The N-linked glycoprofile of bovine whey is the combined result of individual protein glycoprofiles. (omicsdi.org)
- N-acetylglucosaminidase on concentrated bovine colostrum whey to release bioactive glycans. (omicsdi.org)
Sugars1
- As proteo refers to protein, while glycan represents sugar or a group of sugars, so proteoglycan is a long polysaccharide chain covalently attached to a protein. (biochemistryconferences.com)
Subunit beta1
- G protein subunit beta 3 [Sou. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Structural2
- The late region contains the three capsid structural proteins VP1, VP2, and VP3, produced by alternative translational start sites. (wikipedia.org)
- MARV assembles and buds from the host cell plasma where MARV matrix protein (mVP40) dimers associate with anionic lipids at the plasma membrane inner leaflet and undergo a dynamic and extensive self-oligomerization into the structural matrix layer. (uci.edu)
Bacteria1
- It seems that NTNH and other proteins produced simultaneously by the bacteria with the BoNT must have important role(s) to play in the intoxication process. (nature.com)
Guanine1
- In 1998 a family of cAMP-sensitive proteins with guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity was discovered. (wikipedia.org)
Molecules2
- [1] Adenylate cyclase is activated by a range of signaling molecules through the activation of adenylate cyclase stimulatory G ( G s )-protein-coupled receptors. (wikipedia.org)
- An enclosed structure that transports proteins and other molecules around the cell or to the cell surface. (cdghub.com)
Receptor 371
- G protein-coupled receptor 37. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Activator1
- ganglioside GM2 activator [So. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Enzymes1
- The phosphorylated proteins may act directly on the cell's ion channels, or may become activated or inhibited enzymes. (wikipedia.org)
Laminin2
- Compared with controls, a marked reduction in adhesion to fibronectin (20C40%) and increase (40C60%) in adhesion to laminin was observed in the two clones (S8 and S25) demonstrating comparatively high levels of ST6GalNAcV mRNA expression and cell surface 2,6-linked gangliosides (Fig. 4). (biomedigs.org)
- After adhesion to laminin, both the qualitative and quantitative pattern of phosphorylated proteins in each of the clones was identical to that observed in control cells (Fig. S4). (biomedigs.org)
Fibronectin1
- After adhesion to fibronectin as above, 300 g of cell lysate protein was fractionated on an Agilent 3100 OFFGel Electrophoresis Apparatus by using 24-cm IPG strips, pI 3C10 (GE Healthcare) in urea, thiourea, DTT, glycerol, and the corresponding GE ampholine under conditions recommended by Agilent. (biomedigs.org)
Covalently1
- A metal ion or an organic compound (other than an amino acid) that is covalently bound to a protein and is essential to its activity. (flashcardmachine.com)
Membrane4
- It is known that GSLs interact with both intracellular as well as exogenous proteins and are critical for membrane organisation, signalling, and recognition events. (springer.com)
- A large group of proteins that move substances across a membrane, e.g. as part of nutrient uptake or waste disposal. (cdghub.com)
- The precursor protein exists both as a secretory protein and as an integral membrane protein and has neurotrophic activities. (affbiotech.cn)
- ER membrane protein complex s. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Abundance1
- Still, it remains challenging to properly analyze large glycomics datasets, since the abundance of each glycan is dependent on many other glycans that share many intermediate biosynthetic steps. (omicsdi.org)
Cellular1
- Glycans are fundamental cellular building blocks, involved in many organismal functions. (omicsdi.org)
Amino acid1
- A subunit of a larger biomolecule, e.g. a single amino acid in a protein or a specific sugar in an oligosaccharide. (cdghub.com)
Inhibitory1
- Adenylate cyclase is inhibited by agonists of adenylate cyclase inhibitory G ( G i )-protein-coupled receptors. (wikipedia.org)
Moieties1
- Protein or glycoprotein substances of plant origin that bind to sugar moieties in cell walls or membranes. (lookformedical.com)
MRNA1
- Several mechanisms have been described for regulating the transition from early to late gene expression, including the involvement of the LT protein in repressing the early promoter, the expression of un-terminated late mRNAs with extensions complementary to early mRNA, and the expression of regulatory microRNA. (wikipedia.org)
Viral3
- These proteins serve to manipulate the host's cell cycle - dysregulating the transition from G1 phase to S phase, when the host cell's genome is replicated - because host cell DNA replication machinery is needed for viral genome replication. (wikipedia.org)
- On negatively charged surfaces, differences in viral dependence could be explained by the accessibility of the receptor for the viral spike protein and the levels of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 protease expression. (breathinglabs.com)
- TRIM7 targets ΦQ-containing proteins for proteasomal degradation in a mechanism reminiscent of the N-end rule and which allows it to potently inhibit viral replication. (mdpi.com)
Roles1
- Advances in glycomics are elucidating the essential roles of glycans. (omicsdi.org)
Examples1
- some examples have an additional regulatory protein called agnoprotein expressed from the late region. (wikipedia.org)
Structure1
- Based on the ganglio GSL series, gangliosides are synthesized, where sialic acids are linked to the glycan structure to produce negatively charged GSLs. (springer.com)