• Moreover, conversion of sugarcane biomass into fermentable sugars for second-generation ethanol production is a promising alternative to meet future demands of biofuel production in the country. (scielo.br)
  • These pre-treatments are designed to allow the carbohydrate portion of the biomass to be broken down into simple sugars, for example by en-zymatic hydrolysis using exogenously added cellulases to release fermentable sugars [ 12 ]. (banksolar.ru)
  • Better control of fermentation conditions can reduce the stress conditions for yeast cells and contamination by bacteria and wild yeasts. (scielo.br)
  • These results demonstrate the potential of T. delbrueckii and S. bayanus as alternative yeasts for bread dough leavening, and provide a general experimental framework for the evaluation of more yeasts and bacteria. (omicsdi.org)
  • Often, they are instead the product of the metabolism of yeast and bacteria and are modified and released in wine during the fermentation processes. (frontiersin.org)
  • The genetic transformation of plants and the subsequent development of transgenic lines with disturbed sugar metabolism have made an unprecedented impact on the study of sugar translocation and -partitioning. (sun.ac.za)
  • For instance, the transformation of plants with a yeast-derived invertase targeted to different subcellular compartments has led to the elucidation of several key aspects of sugar metabolism, including phloem loading mechanisms, the regulation of photosynthesis by sugars, the importance of sugar-metabolism compartmentation with regards to sucrose biosynthesis, storage and distribution, as well as the role of cell-wall invertase in phloem unloading and sink strength. (sun.ac.za)
  • One approach to un-locking the potential in this abundant feedstock is to separate the lignin from the carbohydrate fraction of the biomass via extensive pre-treatment of the lignocellulose involving, for exam-ple, steam-explosion and/or acid hydrolysis. (banksolar.ru)
  • Currently, the main role of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) in wine is to conduct the malolactic fermentation (MLF). (frontiersin.org)
  • In contrast, overexpression of GPD1 in the laboratory strain results in increased fermentation rates in high-sugar dough and improved gas retention in the fermenting bread dough. (omicsdi.org)
  • Alternatively, processes using cellulolytic microorganisms (such as C. cellulolyticum, C. thermocellum, and C. phytofermentans) to carry out both the hydrolysis of lignocelluloses and sugar fermentation in a single step, termed 'Consolidated Bioprocessing Process (CBP)' [ 12 ] have been proposed, how-ever the development of these is still at an early stage, and again low conversion rates seem to be a major limitation that needs to be overcome. (banksolar.ru)
  • Four hub genes, including the DNA methylation gene, methyltransferase gene, F-box, and Actin-like Protein, were identified as potential regulators of the GME gene. (bvsalud.org)
  • Transcript levels of the sucrose transporter NtSUT1 and hexose transporter NtMST1 encoding genes increased significantly in the source leaves and roots of Vac-Inv lines, whereas increased NtMst1 transcript levels were also detected in the roots of Apo-Inv lines. (sun.ac.za)
  • Utilization of the obtained preferment in white wheat breadmaking led to bread with higher protein, fibres, mineral, total polyphenols content, with specific texture and aroma profile and high consumers' acceptability. (omicsdi.org)
  • LAB can also liberate hydroxycinnamic acids from their tartaric esters and have the potential to break down anthocyanin glucosides, thus impacting wine color. (frontiersin.org)
  • For example, LAB exhibit peptidolytic and proteolytic activity that could break down the proteins causing wine haze, potentially reducing the need for bentonite addition. (frontiersin.org)
  • Under these conditions, L. plantarum strains producing high levels of heterologous proteins have been found to remain highly competitive. (wikipedia.org)
  • These transgenic lines displayed varying increases in invertase activity, altered sugar levels and consequently disturbed sink-source interactions and sugar partitioning. (sun.ac.za)
  • Transgenic lines overproducing the yeast-derived invertase in either the vacuole (Vac-Inv) or apoplast (Apo-Inv) were utilised to analyse the effect of the altered sugar levels in sink and source organs on the expression of sugar transporters, as well as the endogenous cell wall invertase and inhibitors in these plants. (sun.ac.za)
  • The increased mRNA levels could be correlated to the altered invertase activities and sugar levels in these tissues. (sun.ac.za)
  • The peroxide, it is presumed, acts as a weapon to exclude competing bacteria from the food source. (wikipedia.org)
  • The GC content of L. plantarum is 44.45% with the average protein count 3063. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, the impact of the fruit astringency type on ascorbic acid (AsA) accumulation is limited. (bvsalud.org)
  • One manifestation of negative selection in the globins is that minimal 3-base type amino acid replacements occur less frequently than would be expected if base replacements had occurred and were accepted at random. (pharmaceuticalintelligence.com)
  • In vitro studies showed 0.25 µg/mL to 1.0 µg/mL DIO inhibited LPS-induced DAKIKI cell proliferation, IgA and Gd-IgA1 secretion, and up-regulated the mRNA and protein expression of C1GalT1 and Cosmc. (bvsalud.org)
  • These factors include sugar transporters and invertases as well as metabolites, including sucrose and glucose, which function as signalling molecules to modulate gene expression. (sun.ac.za)
  • During the anaerobic conditions of ensilage, these organisms quickly dominate the microbial population, and, within 48 hours, they begin to produce lactic and acetic acids via the Embden-Meyerhof Pathway, further diminishing their competition. (wikipedia.org)
  • Conclusions The comparative whole-genome along with transcriptome analysis indicated that G. stearothermophilus B5 owned the ability of lignocellulose degradation and could be considered as a potential inoculant in composting efficiency, thus are also valuable for the lignocellulosic bioenergy industry. (researchsquare.com)
  • In this study, a similar strategy of transgenic plant analysis was employed to expand our insight into the regulation of sugar partitioning. (sun.ac.za)
  • Yeast species belonging to the lineage that underwent the whole genome duplication (WGD), and including Saccharomyces cerevisiae, can grow under anaerobiosis and accumulate ethanol in the presence of glucose and oxygen. (bvsalud.org)
  • Over 200 structurally distinct HMOs have been identified 7 with chain lengths from 3 to 15 carbohydrate units, composed of five monosaccharides: glucose, galactose, N -acetylglucosamine, fucose, and N -acetylneuraminic acid (also known as sialic acid). (nature.com)
  • Our hypothesis is that there is a direct interaction stress response (DISR) between S. cerevisiae and the other yeast species that, under excess sugar conditions, induces transcription of the hexose transporters, triggering glucose flow to fermentation and inhibiting respiration, leading to an increase in both, metabolic flow and population dynamics. (bvsalud.org)
  • 1996). Glucose and fructose are the major sugars in berry and grape-must, with concentrations ranging from 150 to 300 g l-1. (moam.info)
  • Notably, proteins involved in pyruvate synthesis decreased in stationary phase, whereas proteins involved in glycogen metabolism, pyruvate catabolism, and end-product synthesis increased in stationary phase. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Grape berry components are, in roughly decreasing order of concentration: water and other inorganic substances, carbohydrates, acids, phenols, nitrogen compounds, terpenoids, fats and lipoids and flavour compounds (Boulton et al. (moam.info)
  • use AMINO ACIDS, BRANCHED-CHAIN 1979, & KETO ACIDS & VALERATES 1973-1979 MH - 3-Hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-Dioxygenase UI - D050561 MN - D8.811.682.690.416.328 MS - An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 3-hydroxyanthranilate to 2-amino-3-carboxymuconate semialdehyde. (nih.gov)
  • use DICARBOXYLIC ACIDS 1970-1979 MH - 3-Phosphoshikimate 1-Carboxyvinyltransferase UI - D051229 MN - D8.811.913.225.735 MS - An enzyme of the shikimate pathway of AROMATIC AMINO ACID biosynthesis, it generates 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate and ORTHOPHOSPHATE from PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE and SHIKIMATE-3-PHOSPHATE. (nih.gov)
  • It is rich in nutrients such as protein, minerals, phenols and its extracts have anti-cardiovascular and anti-cancer effects, making it a versatile plant for both medicinal and culinary purposes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • During the anaerobic conditions of ensilage, these organisms quickly dominate the microbial population, and, within 48 hours, they begin to produce lactic and acetic acids via the Embden-Meyerhof Pathway, further diminishing their competition. (wikipedia.org)
  • Relative protein expression profiles may provide targets for metabolic engineering, while understanding changes in protein expression and metabolism in response to carbon limitation, pH, and growth phase may aid in reactor optimization. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Differences in expression profiles of core metabolic proteins in response to growth phase may dictate carbon and electron flux towards energy storage compounds and end-products. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Based on 13C-isotope labeling tracer, pentose phosphate pathway and tricarboxylic acid cycle were highly active in intracellular central carbon metabolism of strain KPL108. (bvsalud.org)
  • they are responsible for the conversion of sugars to ethanol and carbon dioxide, which make a relatively small contribution to flavour, and hundreds of by-products, some of them not yet identified, that greatly contribute to the fermentation bouquet. (moam.info)
  • Sucrose and other sugars, such as xylose, rhamnose and arabinose, are present in very low concentrations, and it is widely accepted that S. cerevisiae strains do not use these sugars as carbon or energy sources during alcoholic fermentation (Bisson, 1993). (moam.info)
  • Sivakumar, P. (2013): Orthophosphoric Acid Activated Ananas comosus Leaves Carbon as an Adsorbent for the Removal of Basic Yellow 2. (nutzpflanze.org)
  • Relative expression profiles demonstrate which proteins are likely utilized in carbohydrate utilization and end-product synthesis and suggest that H 2 synthesis occurs via bifurcating hydrogenases while ethanol synthesis is predominantly catalyzed by a bifunctional aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Under these conditions, L. plantarum strains producing high levels of heterologous proteins have been found to remain highly competitive. (wikipedia.org)
  • We performed shotgun 2D-HPLC-MS/MS on closed-batch cellobiose-grown exponential phase C. thermocellum cell-free extracts to determine relative protein expression profiles of core metabolic proteins involved carbohydrate utilization, energy conservation, and end-product synthesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Organic acids, higher alcohols, low-volatile organic sulphur compounds and esters, with their fruity notes, are significant sensorial components of wine and other fermented beverages and are the primary compounds that form a fermentation bouquet. (moam.info)
  • The shikimate pathway is present in BACTERIA and PLANTS but not in MAMMALS. (nih.gov)
  • AN - coordinate IM with ADENOMA (IM) HN - 2006 BX - Corticotroph Adenoma BX - Pituitary Adenoma, ACTH-Secreting BX - Pituitary Corticotropin-Secreting Adenoma MH - Actin Capping Proteins UI - D051344 MN - D5.750.78.730.32 MN - D12.776.220.525.32 MS - Actin capping proteins are cytoskeletal proteins that bind to the ends of ACTIN FILAMENTS to regulate actin polymerization. (nih.gov)
  • An activation of sugar consumption and glycolysis, membrane and cell wall biogenesis, and nitrogen utilization was observed, suggesting a metabolic boost of S. cerevisiae in response to competing yeasts. (bvsalud.org)