OrganismsChemicals and DrugsPhenomena and ProcessesInformation Science
MalonatesApium graveolensRNA, CatalyticCinchona AlkaloidsCatalysisPhosphoenolpyruvate Sugar Phosphotransferase SystemNucleic Acid ConformationKineticsBase Sequence
DecarboxylaseMethyl-malonateAcyl carrierSubunitPropionyl-CoA carboxyMetabolismInhibitorsCitric acidPeptidesCompoundsSwiss-ProtInhibitorSynthetaseSynthasesGenomeBacteriaDehydrogenaseLabileHomologousSubunitsComplexSmall MoleculesGenesBromideOxidativeAcidRespiratoryLigandsMalonyl-CoABiologicalDistinctPathwayBiotinRegulationSteady stateGene clusterInteractionsFatty acidsFunctionalComparativeActivityCarrierStructuralReactionsExperimentalFoodsCellChemicalActivitiesFindFunctionDomainForm
Decarboxylase2
  • 1997). Sequence of a gene cluster from Malonomonas rubra encoding components of the malonate decarboxylase Na + pump and evidence for their function. (tcdb.org)
  • Sequence of a gene cluster from Klebsiella pneumoniae encoding malonate decarboxylase and expression of the enzyme in Escherichia coli. (pseudomonas.com)
Methyl-malonate1
  • Also, that the modules 0, 2, 6 and 7 AT domains are specific for loading or extending with malonate , while modules 1, 3, 4 and 5 are specific for methyl-malonate. (wikimili.com)
Acyl carrier3
  • Malonyl-CoA is utilised in fatty acid biosynthesis by the enzyme malonyl coenzyme A:acyl carrier protein transacylase (MCAT). (wikipedia.org)
  • MCAT serves to transfer malonate from malonyl-CoA to the terminal thiol of holo-acyl carrier protein (ACP). (wikipedia.org)
  • The enzyme MCAT together with an acyl carrier protein (ACP), and a polyketide synthase (PKS) and chain-length factor heterodimer, constitutes the minimal PKS of type II polyketides. (wikipedia.org)
Subunit2
  • The enzyme transfers CO 2 from glutaconyl-CoA to a biotin carrier protein (the γ-subunit) that is subsequently decarboxylated by the carboxybiotin decarboxylation site within the Na + pumping beta subunit (Gcdβ). (tcdb.org)
  • Genetic data identified a fused ferredoxin-dependent enzyme with just 1 subunit (ofo). (lbl.gov)
Propionyl-CoA carboxy1
  • The enzyme propionyl-CoA carboxylase, which requires biotin as a cofactor, catalyzes conversion of propionyl-CoA to methylmalonyl-CoA. (medscape.com)
Metabolism4
  • They also demonstrated that the chemical reactions proceed faster in the presence of iron sulfate, which fits with the theory that iron clusters served enzyme-like roles in early metabolism. (cosmosmagazine.com)
  • Parasitic ecule because it reversibly binds to certain proteins, such as kinetoplastid flagellates represent a rare example of organisms transcription factors and ion channels, and thus modulates their that depend on oxidative metabolism but are heme auxotrophs. (medicinelakex1.com)
  • metabolism of this heme-free eukaryote, we searched for heme- There are only a few examples of facultatively anaerobic or containing proteins in its de novo sequenced genome and exam-ined several cellular processes for which heme has so far been con- pathogenic bacteria that do not require heme (10-12), but no sidered indispensable. (medicinelakex1.com)
  • These capsules contain Co - Enzyme Q10, which is thought to help to support the metabolism and work as an antioxidant. (lookformedical.com)
Inhibitors3
  • I advanced understanding of the contribution of metals to enzyme-catalysed reactions and employed state-of-the-art technologies ( e.g. cryo-EM, ancestral gene reconstruction) to develop enzyme inhibitors as leads for novel biocides (herbicides, fungicides, antibacterial compounds) and engineer enzymes with enhanced catalytic properties for industrial applications in the advanced manufacturing sector ( i.e. cell-free enzyme cascades, next-gen fertilisers). (edu.au)
  • D8 - Enzymes , Coenzymes , and Enzyme Inhibitors. (lookformedical.com)
  • The present invention relates generally to Transient Receptor Potential Canonical (TRPC) Channel proteins, and more particularly to inhibitors of Transient Receptor Potential Channel 6 (TRPC6) protein activity, pharmaceutical compositions comprising said inhibitors and to methods of using such inhibitors. (justia.com)
Citric acid3
  • What puzzles scientists is that the citric acid cycle is highly complex, requiring at least 10 different enzymes to function. (cosmosmagazine.com)
  • How could these enzymes have evolved, if a functioning citric acid cycle is fundamental to life? (cosmosmagazine.com)
  • The authors propose that a metabolic process based on the HKG and malonate cycles may have served as an early template for what has now become the citric acid cycle. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Peptides3
  • The lipidic amino acids and their homo oligomers represent compounds combining the structural properties of proteins and peptides and the physical characteristics of lipids and membranes. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • In addition, it is envisaged that the long alkyl side chains of the lipidic amino acids will physically protect against the metabolic breakdown of the enzyme labile elastase and enkephalin peptides. (ucl.ac.uk)
  • Water is one of the only substances that can penetrate plant cell membranes and extract a multitude of beneficial bioactive botanical compounds such as, proteins, amino acids, peptides, enzymes, minerals, vitamins B & C, nucleotides, etc. (aaextracts.com)
Compounds3
  • An ancient enzyme family responsible for the catabolism of the prebiotic chemical cyanuric acid (1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triol) was recently discovered and is undergoing proliferation in the modern world due to industrial synthesis and dissemination of 1,3,5-triazine compounds. (rcsb.org)
  • When appropriate, we utilize enzyme assisted extraction methods for enhanced extraction of bioactive compounds. (aaextracts.com)
  • The present invention provides compounds which inhibit TRPC proteins, and more specifically inhibit TRPC6 proteins. (justia.com)
Swiss-Prot1
Inhibitor5
  • As a result, most marine microorganisms, including non-phototrophic bacterias, have various kinds AZD-9291 enzyme inhibitor of BL photoreceptors such as for example phototropins, cryptochromes (CRYs), and various other proteins formulated with BLUF (BL using Trend) domains and LOV (Light, Air and Voltage) domains to feeling the light3,4. (palomid529.com)
  • O1 biovar Un Tor N1696 (hereafter abbreviated as could be a critical mobile process because AZD-9291 enzyme inhibitor of its success. (palomid529.com)
  • CRYs and photolyases also regulate various AZD-9291 enzyme inhibitor other cellular procedures in response to BL in microorganisms which range from fungi to plant life12,13,14,15. (palomid529.com)
  • Genome-wide research from the knockout cell lines indicated AZD-9291 enzyme inhibitor that both an anti-sigma aspect (ChrR, VC2301) and a putative metalloregulatory-like proteins (MerR, VCA0056) mediate the result of ROS to regulate the genome-wide gene appearance in guide genome17 and gene appearance values were computed using Rockhopper18. (palomid529.com)
  • We have now solved a series of X-ray structures of an engineered, thermostable cyanuric acid ring-opening enzyme at 1.51 ~ 2.25 Å resolution, including various complexes with the substrate, a tight-binding inhibitor, or an analog of the reaction intermediate. (rcsb.org)
Synthetase2
  • It has been demonstrated that the adenyl moiety of ATP plays a direct role in the regulation of ATP binding and/or phosphoryl transfer within a range of kinase and synthetase enzymes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The role of the C8-H of ATP in the binding and/or phosphoryl transfer on the enzyme activity of a number of kinase and synthetase enzymes has been elucidated. (biomedcentral.com)
Synthases2
  • The α-subunits of the oxaloacetate and methylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylases are homologous to many biotin-containing enzymes including (1) pyruvate carboxylases, (2) homocitrate synthases, (3) biotin carboxyl carrier proteins, (4) isopropylmalate synthases and (5) acyl-CoA carboxylase. (tcdb.org)
  • For instance, some studies have suggested that in addition to antioxidant enzymes, nitric oxide synthases (NOSs), and other traditional enzymes, novel molecular targets such as mitochondria-targeting hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) donor AP39 and its auxiliary targets have recently been identified as critical participants in H 2 S synthesis for modulating the postischemic cardiomyocyte survival in a manner independent of classical cytosolic signaling mechanisms [ 7 , 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
Genome3
  • Studies using a double-knockout confirm an anti-sigma aspect (ChrR) and putative metalloregulatory-like proteins (MerR) are in charge of the genome-wide legislation to BL response directly into mount a proper response against photo-oxidative tension induced by BL. (palomid529.com)
  • The sequencing of genome uncovered three genes that encode photolyase/cryptochrome proteins as the only real BL photoreceptors, indicating that BL might regulate gene appearance within this organism8,9,10. (palomid529.com)
  • GapMind relies on the predicted proteins in the genome and does not search the six-frame translation. (lbl.gov)
Bacteria1
  • Cyanuric acid has a highly stabilized ring system such that bacteria require a unique enzyme with a novel fold and subtle active site construction to open the ring. (rcsb.org)
Dehydrogenase1
  • Short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SCAD) activity in muscle was normal as were mitochondrial OXPHOS enzyme activities in cultured skin fibroblasts. (nih.gov)
Labile1
  • Mutations of the conserved threonine residues associated with the labile C8-H cause the enzymes to lose their saturation kinetics over the concentration range tested. (biomedcentral.com)
Homologous1
  • The oxaloacetate decarboxylases (EC 4.1.1.3), methylmalonyl CoA decarboxylases (EC 4.1.1.4) and malonate decarboxylases are homologous. (tcdb.org)
Subunits2
  • The β-subunits possess 9 transmembrane α-helical spanners (TMSs), and the protein may dip into the membrane twice between TMSs III and IV. (tcdb.org)
  • The well-characterized ferredoxin-dependent enzymes have 3 subunits (vorABC) or 2 subunits (ofoAB). (lbl.gov)
Complex5
  • The eminent chemist and origin of life expert Leslie Orgel once said, "If complex cycles analogous to metabolic cycles could have operated on the primitive Earth before the appearance of enzymes or other informational polymers, many of the obstacles to the construction of a plausible scenario for the origin of life would disappear. (cosmosmagazine.com)
  • Here, we report three crystal structures of human ACP6 in complex with malonate, L-(+)-tartrate and tris, respectively. (rcsb.org)
  • Milev, S., Bosshard, H. R. & Jelesarov, I. Enthalpic and entropic effects of salt and polyol osmolytes on site-specific protein-DNA association: the integrase Tn916-DNA complex. (uzh.ch)
  • The enzyme requires the hydroporphinoid nickel complex coenzyme F430. (lookformedical.com)
  • The intrinsic catalysis rate mediated by each kinase enzyme is complex, yielding apparent K M values ranging from less than 0.4 μM to more than 1 mM for ATP in the various kinases. (biomedcentral.com)
Small Molecules1
  • I have successfully focused my research on the investigation of enzyme-catalysed reactions, their optimisation for applications in biotechnology and the synthesis of small molecules that mimic their structure and catalytic function ( i.e. biomimetics). (edu.au)
Genes3
  • The LOV- and BLUF-domain-containing proteins absorb BL and initiate the photo-oxidative tension response by regulating the transcription of genes in charge of ROS production in a few bacterias5,6,7. (palomid529.com)
  • String-based protein-protein interaction analysis suggested that bZIP53, a transcription factor might be involved in the activation of transcription of ELO / KCS genes. (nature.com)
  • retained genes for the last three steps of the pathway, allowing The most abundant group of heme proteins are cytochromes them to synthesize heme from their host-derived precursors (20). (medicinelakex1.com)
Bromide1
  • The lipidic amino acids were synthesized from the appropriate alkyl bromide and diethyl-acetamido malonate. (ucl.ac.uk)
Oxidative2
  • In soluble guanylyl cyclase, heme serves as a protein cofactor for fundamental cellular processes, such as as the nitric oxide sensor, and thus plays an important role in electron transport in the respiratory chain, oxidative stress re- signal transduction. (medicinelakex1.com)
  • Chance B, Williams GR (1955) Respiratory enzymes in oxidative phosphorylation. (mitophysiology.org)
Acid4
  • Malonyl-CoA inhibits fatty acids from associating with carnitine by regulating the enzyme carnitine acyltransferase, thereby preventing them from entering the mitochondria, where fatty acid oxidation and degradation occur. (wikipedia.org)
  • All aerobic life-forms generate energy from stored sugars, fats or proteins via a chemical process called the citric acid (or TCA) cycle. (cosmosmagazine.com)
  • In the presence of ammonia, this process was also shown to produce aspartate, a simple amino acid which serves as a building block for proteins. (cosmosmagazine.com)
  • Propionic acidemia is an autosomal recessive, inherited, metabolic disorder that is caused by a defective form of the enzyme propionyl-coenzyme A (CoA) carboxylase, which results in the accumulation of propionic acid . (medscape.com)
Respiratory1
  • Biological energy conversion is catalysed by proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) reactions that form the chemical basis of respiratory and photosynthetic enzymes. (rsc.org)
Ligands1
  • These structures reveal asymmetric interactions between the enzyme and bound ligands, a metal ion binding coupled to conformational changes and substrate binding important for enzyme stability, and distinct roles of the isostructural domains of the enzyme. (rcsb.org)
Malonyl-CoA1
  • Malonyl-CoA is formed by carboxylating acetyl-CoA using the enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase. (wikipedia.org)
Biological1
  • This enzyme catalyzes the final step in methanogenesis, the biological production of methane . (lookformedical.com)
Distinct1
  • Distinct enzymes catalyze decarboxylation of (1) oxaloacetate, (2) methylmalonyl-CoA, (3) glutaconyl-CoA and (4) malonate. (tcdb.org)
Pathway1
  • [6] They studied the action of a P450 enzyme contained in the pathway (TamI) by purifying it from a recombinant host, and saw, in vitro , that it can oxidize multiple oxidation steps, namely tirandamycin A into tirandamycin B and tirandamycin D into tirandamycin A, which correspond to two hydroxylations and one epoxidation reaction. (wikimili.com)
Biotin1
  • All four enzyme porters are biotin-containing multisubunit enzymes. (tcdb.org)
Regulation1
  • My seminal work into enzyme mechanisms, regulation and engineering received international acclaim evidenced by invitations to provide plenary and keynote lectures and review articles in prestigious journals. (edu.au)
Steady state1
  • The lability of the C8-H mediated by active site residues co-ordinated to the purine ring of ATP therefore plays a significant role in explaining the broad K M range associated with kinase steady state enzyme activities. (biomedcentral.com)
Gene cluster1
  • [4] They found that the tirandamycin gene cluster is a PKS-NRPS hybrid that codes for three proteins with two, two and four PKS modules, and one other protein containing an NRPS module. (wikimili.com)
Interactions1
  • Advances in biophysics, functional genomics, and proteomics in recent years brought about the first sparks of light that promises to uncover some coherent new level of the epigenetic code governed by certain types of lipid-lipid, DNA-lipid, and protein-lipid interactions among other biochemical lipid transactions in the nucleus. (scienceopen.com)
Fatty acids1
  • Similarly, instead of e.g. 'proteomics has identified lipid synthesis enzymes', the authors should be more specific as related to synthetases, hydrolases, and transferases of fatty acids, phospholipids/lysophospholipoids, sphingolipids, or certain lipid mediators (Mediator Lipidomics). (scienceopen.com)
Functional1
  • If the authors follow this advice, they will recognize, that these enzymes represent an important functional principle to regulate precursor/product and mediator lipidomic effects in epigenetic control. (scienceopen.com)
Comparative2
  • Based on comparative phylogenetics, KCS, and ELO proteins can be classified into eight and four major groups, respectively. (nature.com)
  • Comparative Study Of Combined Co - Enzyme Q10 And Clomiphene Citrate Vs Clomiphene Citrate Alone For Ovulation Induction In. (lookformedical.com)
Activity4
  • In combination with additional mutagenesis and enzyme activity studies, our structural data provide important insights into substrate recognition and the mechanism for catalytic activity of ACP6. (rcsb.org)
  • Following research reported that both VcCRYs are CRY-DASH proteins and also have photolyase activity which particularly fix CPD photoproducts in single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). (palomid529.com)
  • The relationship between the role C8-H of ATP in the reaction mechanism and the ATP concentration as they influence the saturation kinetics of the enzyme activity is also shown. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Also demonstrated is the interplay between the role of the C8-H of ATP and the ATP concentration in the observed enzyme activity. (biomedcentral.com)
Carrier1
Structural2
  • Our structural data are consistent with the fact that the enzyme is active as a monomer. (rcsb.org)
  • The multiple conformations of the enzyme observed across a series of structures and corroborating biochemical data suggest importance of the structural dynamics in facilitating the substrate entry and the ring-opening reaction, catalyzed by a conserved Ser-Lys dyad. (rcsb.org)
Reactions1
  • Tyrosine residues act as intermediates in proton coupled electron transfer reactions (PCET) in proteins. (rsc.org)
Experimental1
  • Hits to curated proteins without experimental data as to their function are never considered high confidence. (lbl.gov)
Foods1
  • I get that enzymes help break down foods but why would that help with IBS symptoms and furthermore why would those symptoms be largely gone after only 6 months or so of using them but not taking them daily even? (robbwolf.com)
Cell1
Chemical1
  • The team has linked together two chemical cycles, called the HKG cycle and the malonate cycle, which are able to take a simple two-carbon molecule (in the form of glyoxylate) and convert it into two molecules of CO 2 . (cosmosmagazine.com)
Activities1
  • We have demonstrated the mechanism by which the enzyme activities of Group 2 kinases, shikimate kinase (SK) and adenylate kinase 1 (AK1), are controlled by the C8-H of ATP. (biomedcentral.com)
Find1
  • GapMind searches the predicted proteins for candidates by using ublast (a fast alternative to protein BLAST) to find similarities to characterized proteins or by using HMMer to find similarities to enzyme models (usually from TIGRFams ). (lbl.gov)
Function1
  • SCSIO1666 and described the function of one of the encoded proteins as a flavin-dependent oxidoreductase. (wikimili.com)
Domain1
  • Some fused mcm proteins include a MeaB domain as well (i.e. (lbl.gov)
Form1
  • against intermediates alone and with the presence of the TamI P450, and were able to show that these enzymes work together: TamI first hydroxylates the C10 of tirandamycin C to form tirandamycin E, then the flavin-dependent enzyme converts further oxidizes C10 into a carbonyl to form tirandamycin D, which then becomes a substrate for the TamI P450 that inserts an epoxide in the C11/C12 olefin (see Figure 4). (wikimili.com)