ExtracellularChondroitin sulfate proteoglycanCartilageHyaluronanConnective tissueDecorinGlycoproteinsPeptidesHeparan sulfateGlycan Binding ProteinsMoleculesFibroblastFibrousVersicanBiglycanCarbohydratesAmino acidsGlycosaminoglycanGlycosaminoglycansPolysaccharideTissueStructuralReceptorsDermatanGeneVarious proteinsPerlecanTissuesBiosynthesisSequenceAortaFibromodulinLipoproteinsDifferentiationHomoIntracellularEnzymeGlucuronicCoreRibosomesBasementFamily
Extracellular17
- Proteoglycans are a major component of the animal extracellular matrix, the "filler" substance existing between cells in an organism. (wikipedia.org)
- The completed proteoglycan is then exported in secretory vesicles to the extracellular matrix of the tissue. (wikipedia.org)
- The results indicate that proteoglycan synthesis rates in particular are sensitive to extracellular pH, and that the peak rate occurs around the level of pH seen in vivo. (ox.ac.uk)
- Versican is a large extracellular matrix proteoglycan that is present in a variety of tissues. (rndsystems.com)
- These signaling pathways are responsible for instructing the cells to take on specific functions, such as converting into another type of cells or starting the healing process by secreting tissue-specific proteins known as extracellular matrix. (sciencedaily.com)
- These extracellular matrices are composed of various proteins, including glycoproteins and proteoglycans that facilitate tissue healing and support tissue functions. (sciencedaily.com)
- Proteoglycans (PGs) are essential components of the animal extracellular matrix and are required for cell adhesion, migration, signaling, and immune function. (rcsb.org)
- Proteoglycans, which are protein core + glycosaminoglycan composites, contribute vital structural properties to vessel extracellular matrix and have important regulatory roles vis-à-vis vascular cells. (navbo.org)
- Functions include synthesizing and maintaining the extracellular matrix comprised of collagen and proteoglycans that help healthy cartilage grow and heal. (clevelandclinic.org)
- Extracellular matrix is a fibrillar network composed of structural (collagens) and adhesion (fibronectin) proteins crucial for tissue architecture and biological pathway Histol Histopathol 27:1515-1528, 2012 . (springer.com)
- The laminin globular (G) domain can be found in one to several copies in various laminin family members, including a large number of extracellular proteins. (embl.de)
- An Illustration of the Laminin-111 complex depicting the domain organization Laminins are high-molecular weight (~400 to ~900 kDa) proteins of the extracellular matrix. (pearltrees.com)
- Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are multifunctional polysaccharides of the extracellular matrix (ECM) responsible for ECM hydration and binding of cations and proteins due to their negative charge. (degruyter.com)
- Glycans, either alone or complexed with glycan-binding proteins, can deliver intracellular signals or control extracellular processes that promote initiation, execution and resolution of cell death programs. (nature.com)
- A cartilage cell is surrounded by extracellular matrix consisting of proteins (collagen fibers), non-proteoglycan polysaccharides (hyaluronic acid), and proteoglycan (aggrecan). (lu.se)
- The extracellular matrix is a network of proteins and sugar molecules and contains a large proportion of water. (lu.se)
- To occur the adhesion of CAMs to the biomaterial, it is necessary their interaction with some components of extracellular matrix, such as proteoglycans, collagen and proteins 23 . (bvsalud.org)
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan2
- Invariant chain is the core protein of the Ia-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan. (silverchair.com)
- The murine Ia-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG) was studied both biochemically and immunochemically to determine the nature of its core protein. (silverchair.com)
Cartilage12
- The bottom fraction from a dissociative gradient contained proteoglycans with a size distribution similar to that of cartilage proteoglycans. (eurekamag.com)
- Antigens were present which reacted with antisera raised against the hyaluronic acid-binding region and chondroitin sulfate peptides from cartilage proteoglycans. (eurekamag.com)
- By associative and dissociative density gradient centrifugations, a fraction was obtained which was precipitated by antiserum to link proteins of bovine nasal cartilage and had the same electrophoretic mobility as link protein 1. (eurekamag.com)
- The combination of proteoglycans and collagen form cartilage, a sturdy tissue that is usually heavily hydrated (mostly due to the negatively charged sulfates in the glycosaminoglycan chains of the proteoglycans). (wikipedia.org)
- The C6ST-1 enzyme modifies molecules called chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, which are abundant in cartilage and give this tissue its rubbery, gel-like consistency. (medlineplus.gov)
- Cartilage is made up of two main elements: cells within it known as chondrocytes and a gel-like substance called matrix, composed mostly of water and two types of proteins (collagen and proteoglycans). (clevelandclinic.org)
- Collagen is a structural protein found in many tissues such as skin, tendons and bone and is a key structural component of cartilage. (clevelandclinic.org)
- Proteoglycans are complex molecules composed of protein and sugar combinations that are interwoven in the matrix of cartilage. (clevelandclinic.org)
- At the same time, proteoglycans repel each other, allowing cartilage the ability to maintain its shape and resilience. (clevelandclinic.org)
- Cartilage, composed of proteoglycans, is mainly located on bones, near the joints and consists primarily of collagen protein with side chains called chondroitin sulfate. (vitacost.com)
- Inside this "armour" lies the protein aggrecan, whose role is to bind water and keep the cartilage soft and elastic so that it swells and becomes a "cushion" in the joint. (lu.se)
- In an attempt to repair a damaged joint, chemicals accumulate in the joint and increase the production of the components of cartilage, such as collagen (a tough, fibrous protein in connective tissue) and proteoglycans (substances that provide resilience). (msdmanuals.com)
Hyaluronan2
- Here they form large complexes, both to other proteoglycans, to hyaluronan, and to fibrous matrix proteins, such as collagen. (wikipedia.org)
- Proteoglycans that form aggregates with hyaluronan constitute a special class with unique attributes. (navbo.org)
Connective tissue3
- Proteoglycans occur in connective tissue. (wikipedia.org)
- Protein found in blood and connective tissue. (memory.com)
- Elastic protein found in connective tissue. (memory.com)
Decorin3
- Mutations in the gene encoding the galactosyltransferase B4GALT7 result in a reduced substitution of the proteoglycans decorin and biglycan with glycosaminoglycan chains, and cause a spondylodysplastic form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. (wikipedia.org)
- This fibrillar network is composed of many structural proteins, such as collagens, and adhesion proteins, including fibronectin and proteoglycans (perlecan, decorin) [ 13 , 14 ]. (springer.com)
- Skin decorin (DCN) is an antiadhesive dermatan sulfate-rich proteoglycan that interacts with thrombospondin-1 (TSP) and inhibits fibroblast adhesion to TSP [Winnemoller et al. (embl.de)
Glycoproteins3
- Proteoglycans are a subclass of glycoproteins in which the carbohydrate units are polysaccharides that contain amino sugars. (wikipedia.org)
- Glycans are chains of sugars mounted on proteins (glycoproteins and proteoglycans) or lipids (glycolipids). (scienceexhibitions.org)
- Comparative V8 protease digestion of the CSPG core protein and conventional invariant glycoproteins yielded homologous peptides, indicating that the core protein and invariant chain were structurally similar. (silverchair.com)
Peptides1
- Comparative tryptic peptide analysis by high performance liquid chromatography demonstrated coelution of the majority of the peptides from the invariant chain and the CSPG core protein. (silverchair.com)
Heparan sulfate2
- BMs are specialized structures that underlie epithelia and surround organs and mainly comprise collagen IV, laminins, and heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG). (nature.com)
- To acquire a comprehensive understanding of the biological functions of the matrisome and its components, including proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), in GBM tumorigenesis, and to identify potential biomarker candidates, we studied the alterations of GAGs, including heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin sulfate (CS), the core proteins of proteoglycans, and other glycosylated matrisomal proteins in GBM subtypes vs. control human brain tissue samples. (bu.edu)
Glycan Binding Proteins1
- Herein, we review the role of glycans and glycan-binding proteins as essential components of the cell death machinery during physiologic and pathologic settings. (nature.com)
Molecules3
- Evidence also shows they can affect the activity and stability of proteins and signalling molecules within the matrix. (wikipedia.org)
- BACKGROUND: Proteoglycans (PGs) represent a large family of complex molecules. (lu.se)
- article{698fdb56-caaf-487e-8ed5-937ee49d2b06, abstract = {{BACKGROUND: Proteoglycans (PGs) represent a large family of complex molecules. (lu.se)
Fibroblast1
- Structural specificity of heparin binding in the fibroblast growth factor family of proteins. (harvard.edu)
Fibrous1
- Other than water, the mesoglea is composed of several substances including fibrous proteins like collagen and heparan sulphate proteoglycans. (pearltrees.com)
Versican4
- The reduction of ADAMTS-5 was accompanied by accumulation of biglycan and versican, the major lipoprotein-binding proteoglycans, in atherosclerosis. (ox.ac.uk)
- ADAMTS-5 activity induced the release of ADAMTS-specific versican (DPEAAE(441)) and aggrecan ((374)ALGS) fragments as well as biglycan and link protein from the aortic wall. (ox.ac.uk)
- Versican is a member of the lectican protein family that also includes Aggrecan, Brevican, and Neurocan. (rndsystems.com)
- Differential regulation of O-glycopeptides for proteoglycans, including brevican, neurocan, and versican, was observed for GBM subtypes vs. controls. (bu.edu)
Biglycan1
- Instead, biglycan levels were increased, highlighting the role of ADAMTS-5 in the catabolism of vascular proteoglycans. (ox.ac.uk)
Carbohydrates1
- At that time, glycobiology, which is the study of carbohydrates and their recognition by motif-specific carbohydrate-binding proteins or lectins, lagged far behind the studies that defined the structural and cellular biology of cell death. (nature.com)
Amino acids1
- Most of the mutations change single protein building blocks (amino acids) in the C6ST-1 enzyme. (medlineplus.gov)
Glycosaminoglycan5
- The basic proteoglycan unit consists of a "core protein" with one or more covalently attached glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chain(s). (wikipedia.org)
- The point of attachment is a serine (Ser) residue to which the glycosaminoglycan is joined through a tetrasaccharide bridge (e.g. chondroitin sulfate-GlcA-Gal-Gal-Xyl-PROTEIN). (wikipedia.org)
- The Ser residue is generally in the sequence -Ser-Gly-X-Gly- (where X can be any amino acid residue but proline), although not every protein with this sequence has an attached glycosaminoglycan. (wikipedia.org)
- Proteoglycans are categorized by their relative size (large and small) and the nature of their glycosaminoglycan chains. (wikipedia.org)
- Chondroitinase ABC or chondroitinase AC treatment of the CSPG digested the chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycan, yielding a core protein that migrated with an apparent molecular weight of 38,000. (silverchair.com)
Glycosaminoglycans3
- The inactivity of specific lysosomal enzymes that normally degrade glycosaminoglycans leads to the accumulation of proteoglycans within cells. (wikipedia.org)
- Their protein backbones are linked to different glycosaminoglycans, such as dermatan-, chondroitin-, keratan- or heparan sulphate. (lu.se)
- Glycosaminoglycans contain a beta-D-xylopyranose residue at its reducing end, which links the polysaccharide to the protein in proteoglycans. (lu.se)
Polysaccharide1
- First, a special link tetrasaccharide is attached to a serine side chain on the core protein to serve as a primer for polysaccharide growth. (wikipedia.org)
Tissue3
- A collaboration between researchers in the Department of Biomedical Engineering and the College of Medicine at Texas A&M University identifies the crucial role of minerals in regulating gene expression, thus controlling the number of proteins that a cell should make, thereby encouraging tissue regeneration and redefining cellular identity. (sciencedaily.com)
- Cells involved in the tissue repair response produce these proteins that regulate cellular reactions involved in healing. (memory.com)
- These properties will act mediating the action of cell adhesion proteins, regulating cell behavior and causing tissue regeneration. (bvsalud.org)
Structural4
- Five years have passed since the National Institutes of Health launched the Protein Structure Initiative (PSI), a 10-year, $600 million effort to accelerate structural genomics. (the-scientist.com)
- Most important protein providing structural support and tensile strength for almost all tissues and organs of the body. (memory.com)
- Using a series of fusion proteins corresponding to the different structural domains of TSP, binding of [125I]DCN to TSP was found to be dependent of the N-terminal domain and, to a lesser extent, of the type 1 repeats and the C-terminal domain of TSP. (embl.de)
- 3] They are composed of a family of related proteins sharing common structural and sequence features. (pearltrees.com)
Receptors1
- Wnts bind to the cell surface Frizzled family receptors in conjunction with low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein family receptors (LRP5 or 6) resulting in the stabilization of intracellular beta -catenin levels (2). (novusbio.com)
Dermatan1
- Immortalized, cloned mouse chondrocytic cells (MC615) produce three different matrix proteoglycans with core-protein-specific chondroitin/dermatan sulphate structures. (harvard.edu)
Gene3
- The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the sulfatase enzyme family. (nih.gov)
- Thrombospondin 1, abbreviated as THBS1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the THBS1 gene. (pearltrees.com)
- Overall, single protein, FMOD-based, cell reprograming bypasses the risks of mutation, gene instability, and malignancy associated with genetically-modified iPS cells, and provides an alternative strategy for engineering patient-specific multipotent cells for basic research and therapeutic application. (ca.gov)
Various proteins1
- By examining changes in various proteins involved in the wound healing response at the cellular level, Segars hopes to understand why the corneas of diabetic patients fail to heal effectively. (bu.edu)
Perlecan1
- Monoclonal antibodies were used for detection of the proteoglycans syndecan-1, -2 and -4, glypican, CD44 and perlecan. (lu.se)
Tissues1
- Inseparable iduronic acid-containing proteoglycan PG(IdoA) preparations of human skin and post-burn scar tissues: evidence for elevated levels of PG(IdoA)-I in hypertrophic scar by N-terminal sequencing. (harvard.edu)
Biosynthesis1
- GAG biosynthesis is initiated by peptide O-xylosyltransferases, which transfer xylose onto selected serine residues in the core proteins. (rcsb.org)
Sequence3
- Using a new method for construction and database searches of sequence consensus strings, we have identified a new superfamily of protein modules comprising laminin G, thrombospondin N and the pentraxin families. (embl.de)
- These sequences represent the protein coding region of the Ncan cDNA ORF which is encoded by the open reading frame (ORF) sequence. (genscript.com)
- GenScript guarantees 100% sequence accuracy of all synthetic DNA constructs we deliver, but we do not guarantee protein expression in your experimental system. (genscript.com)
Aorta1
- Proteoglycans from bovine aorta were extracted with 4 M guanidine HCl in the presence of protease inhibitors and fractionated by density gradient centrifugation in CsCl. (eurekamag.com)
Fibromodulin2
- Reprogramming of human fibroblasts into multipotent cells with a single ECM proteoglycan, fibromodulin. (ca.gov)
- We report here a technique using a single molecule, recombinant human fibromodulin protein (FMOD), to reprogram human fibroblasts into multipotent cells. (ca.gov)
Lipoproteins1
- Atherosclerosis is initiated by the retention of lipoproteins on proteoglycans in the arterial intima. (ox.ac.uk)
Differentiation1
- Laminin G-containing proteins appear to have a wide variety of roles in cell adhesion, signalling, migration, assembly and differentiation. (embl.de)
Homo1
- CusabioAlternative Name(s): Acetyl-CoA transferase-like protein Cytosolic acetoacetyl-CoA thiolaseGene Names: ACAT2Research Areas: MetabolismOrganism: Homo sapiens. (joplink.net)
Intracellular3
- Here we used an affinity-purification mass spectrometry-based (AP-MS) approach to identify novel and particularly intracellular sGAG-interacting proteins in human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSC). (degruyter.com)
- Enrichment analysis for protein localization showed that mainly intracellular and cell-associated interacting proteins were identified. (degruyter.com)
- The identification of the intracellular sGAG-interacting proteins could help to unravel these functions. (degruyter.com)
Enzyme3
- ELISA kit, ELISA, Mouse, ELISAs Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 90320007 SNOMED code are used by the medical researcher for detection of human, mouse, … proteins are supplied in coated 96 well plates to be stored at +4°C. ELISA test kits can be sandwich ELISA. (gentaur.com)
- ELISA tests are enzyme linked immunoassays to detect human, mouse or other proteins in serum, plasma, urine or biological fluids. (gentaur.com)
- Specifically, the enzyme takes sulfate from a molecule called 3'-phosphoadenyl-5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) and adds it to a specific location on chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans. (medlineplus.gov)
Glucuronic1
- Purification and characterization of iduronic acid-rich and glucuronic acid-rich proteoglycans implicated in human post-burn keloid scar. (harvard.edu)
Core4
- Individual functions of proteoglycans can be attributed to either the protein core or the attached GAG chain. (wikipedia.org)
- The purified CSPG and its core protein were both shown to react directly with the monoclonal anti-invariant chain antibody, In-1. (silverchair.com)
- The conserved patterns correspond mainly to hydrophobic core residues located in central beta strands of the known three-dimensional structures of two pentraxins, the human C-reactive protein and the serum amyloid P-component. (embl.de)
- No statistical difference in the absorbance of core protein was demonstrated among the groups. (diabetesjournals.org)
Ribosomes1
- The protein component of proteoglycans is synthesized by ribosomes and translocated into the lumen of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. (wikipedia.org)
Basement1
- They are a major component of the basal lamina (one of the layers of the basement membrane), a protein network foundation for most cells and organs. (pearltrees.com)
Family1
- Types include: Certain members are considered members of the "small leucine-rich proteoglycan family" (SLRP). (wikipedia.org)