• The concentration of our recombinant proteins is measured using the absorbance at 280nm. (antikoerper-online.de)
  • The recombinant proteins are stable for up to 1 year from date of receipt at -70°C. (betalifesci.com)
  • Lipids, polysaccharides and nucleic acids bind to proteins which increases the viscosity of the samples and often results in horizontal streaking on the 2D-PAGE. (hindawi.com)
  • Our data suggest that elevated protein synthesis in the Fmr1 KO is due to saturation of mRNA translation downstream of the MAP kinase ERK1/2 which is basally activated by mGluR5. (jneurosci.org)
  • The activation of protein kinase C by exposure to phorbol ester caused intracellular alkalinization and it increased the rate of recovery from intracellular acidification induced by an NH4Cl pulse in control cells but not in hypertrophied cells. (jci.org)
  • These data suggest a defect in the coupling of protein kinase C signaling with Na+-H+ exchange in adult hypertrophied myocytes. (jci.org)
  • This study provides evidence that a switch-protein kinase regulatory network controls availability of σ 66 , the main sigma subunit for transcription in Chlamydia . (plos.org)
  • In vitro analysis revealed that a putative switch-protein kinase regulator, RsbW, is capable of interacting directly with σ 66 , as well as phosphorylating its own antagonist, RsbV1, rendering it inactive. (plos.org)
  • HEPES is a zwitterionic buffer used to maintain pH of media used in cell cultures. (biospectra.us)
  • It is one of Good's twelve buffers that has a pKa value similar to its pH value making it an ideal buffer for pH maintenance. (biospectra.us)
  • HEPES is used as a Good's buffer because it has low UV absorptivity, minimal reactivity, stable pH and is soluble in water. (biospectra.us)
  • It has pKa value of 6.15 at 20 °C. The pH (and pKa at ionic strength I≠0) of the buffer solution changes with concentration and temperature, and this effect may be predicted using online calculators. (wikipedia.org)
  • CAPS (buffer) CHES MOPS HEPES HEPPS Tris Common buffer compounds used in biology Good, Norman E. (wikipedia.org)
  • Learn more about buffer compatibility, protein/secondary antibody conjugation and labeling chemistry in our FAQs. (abcam.com)
  • Two different buffers, urea/CHAPS and Hepes, were used for solubilization in combination with six different precipitation methods. (hindawi.com)
  • Commercial preparations of MES (and other sulfonylethyl buffers like BES, CHES, and PIPES) can contain a contaminant oligo(vinylsulfonic acid) (OVS), which is a polyanionic mimic of RNA, and can be a potent (pM) inhibitor of RNA binding proteins and enzymes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Basic buffers are buffers that regulate the pH around values ​​greater than 7 and typically consist of a weak base and a salt of its conjugated acid. (itwreagents.com)
  • One source of confusion may be that proxy measures of protein synthesis, such as mGluR-LTD or phosphorylation of signaling molecules, have been used in intact hippocampal slice preparations, whereas metabolic labeling experiments have been performed in synaptoneurosome preparations of cortex that are not easily related to altered hippocampal synaptic plasticity. (jneurosci.org)
  • The subunits are held together and connected to the underlying cell surface by non-covalent interactions, and they spontaneously reassemble in vitro by an entropy-driven process, i.e. the subunit proteins are very poorly water-soluble [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Microbial rhodopsins (Rhs) are transmembrane proteins that utilize light-induced isomerization of their retinal cofactor to function as light-sensitive ion channels, pumps and sensors. (elifesciences.org)
  • Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-Products ( Ager gene) encodes RAGE, a transmembrane protein belonging to the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily of receptors. (elifesciences.org)
  • The mutant MLLT1 protein shows altered binding to acetylated histone tails. (nature.com)
  • To reduce the risk of analyzing cell line- pathway can be divided into distinct stages based on the specific features, we used several representative cell lines for recombination status of the Ig genes and on the expression each of four major stages in B cell development: pro-B, pre-B, pattern of surface markers and the presence of intracellular proteins [1- 6]. (lu.se)
  • 2D-PAGE for proteome studies gives a map of proteins which reflect changes in protein expression levels, as well different isoforms and posttranslational modifications. (hindawi.com)
  • Due to the large number of proteins, no protein array platform has yet been designed that covers the entire human placental proteome. (hindawi.com)
  • Ribosomes maintain a healthy cellular proteome by synthesising proteins. (biorxiv.org)
  • Protein is endotoxin free. (antikoerper-online.de)
  • You can choose options such as endotoxin removal, liquid or lyophilized forms, preferred tags, and the desired functional sequence range for proteins. (betalifesci.com)
  • In contrast to expectations, none of the major S-layer proteins of the IPEC-1 -adhering strains mediated bacterial adherence. (biomedcentral.com)
  • They are composed of numerous identical (glyco)protein subunits (with a 25-71 kDa size in lactobacilli), which form a regular, symmetric and porous array, completely covering the bacterial cell surface. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are bacterial proteins that cause the life-threatening disease botulism 1 . (cdc.gov)
  • The importance of studying the structural stability of proteins is determined by the structure-function relationship. (bvsalud.org)
  • Protein stability is influenced by many factors among which are freeze-thaw and thermal stresses. (bvsalud.org)
  • All the cosolutes suppressed freeze-thaw- and heat-induced aggregation of GDH and increased the protein thermal stability. (bvsalud.org)
  • Highly sensitive and specific recombinant antibody microarrays allowing screening of crude protein extracts are also being developed [ 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Moreover, unlike passive methods, the coating process is independent of the isoelectric point of the antibody, avoiding the need for extensive trials at different pH values. (abcam.com)
  • Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a large family of extracellular enzymes, which function to remodel the pericellular environment, primarily through the cleavage of extracellular matrix proteins [ 16 , 17 , 18 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The light chain is a zinc-metalloprotease which is responsible for the cleavage of three SNARE complex proteins including SNAP-25 (Synaptosome-associated protein of 25 kDa), synaptobrevin-2 (also termed VAMP-2) and syntaxin. (cdc.gov)
  • In Escherichia coli and other bacteria, Fnr (fumarate and nitrate reduction regulator) proteins are known to be involved in controlling the switch between microaerobic and aerobic metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
  • According to the metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) theory of FXS, excessive protein synthesis downstream of mGluR5 activation causes the synaptic pathophysiology that underlies multiple aspects of FXS. (jneurosci.org)
  • However, the mechanism by which ingested lupin proteins can alter hepatic LDL receptor and hepatic enzyme expression remains uncertain. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, it appears more plausible that lupin proteins and/or lupin protein-associated compounds, respectively, exert their physiological effects in the intestine which in turn indirectly alter the hepatic protein and mRNA concentrations of LDL receptor and CYP7A1. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These toxins inhibit the release of neurotransmitters at the neuromuscular junction by cleaving soluble NSF attachment protein receptor (SNARE) complex proteins in nerve cells, which prevents the fusion of neurotransmitter containing vesicles to cell membranes 2 . (cdc.gov)
  • Alignment of the amino acid sequence of aprotinin with the Kunitz domains of human proteins allowed the identification and design of a family of peptides, named Angiopeps. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The described setup and experimental design enable real-time monitoring of substrate turnover in light-activated enzymes on a molecular scale, thus opening the pathway to a deeper understanding of enzyme activity and protein-protein interactions. (elifesciences.org)
  • In addition to the applications listed above we expect the protein to work for functional studies as well. (antikoerper-online.de)
  • As the protein has not been tested for functional studies yet we cannot offer a guarantee though. (antikoerper-online.de)
  • Here, we use an in vitro assay of protein synthesis in the hippocampus of male Fmr1 knock-out (KO) mice to explore the molecular mechanisms involved in this core biochemical phenotype under conditions where aberrant synaptic physiology has been observed. (jneurosci.org)
  • It has only one restriction, it interferes with the Folin protein assay. (biospectra.us)
  • By controlling access to the brain, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) restricts the entry of proteins and potential drugs to cerebral tissues. (aspetjournals.org)
  • It is disclosed herein that the HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 binds to α4β7 integrin on CD4+ T-cells, natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T-cells. (justia.com)
  • RAGE binds a wide array of ligands including advanced glycation end products, amyloid β-peptide, S100 family proteins, and high mobility group Box 1 (HMGB1). (elifesciences.org)
  • During resting conditions, NFKB inhibitory protein (NFKBI) binds to NFKB dimers, impairing their nuclear translocation ( O'Neill and Kaltschmidt, 1997 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • These results suggest that the ERK1/2 pathway, and other neurotransmitter systems that stimulate protein synthesis via ERK1/2, represent additional therapeutic targets for FXS. (jneurosci.org)
  • Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is caused by loss of the FMR1 gene product FMRP (fragile X mental retardation protein), a repressor of mRNA translation. (jneurosci.org)
  • Herein we investigated whether lupin proteins compared to casein modulate sterol excretion and mRNA expression of intestinal sterol transporters by use of pigs as an animal model with similar lipid metabolism as humans, and cellular cholesterol-uptake by Caco-2 cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Human PUM3 Protein (raised in Insect Cells) purified by multi-step, protein-specific process to ensure crystallization grade. (antikoerper-online.de)
  • Protein engineering efforts have all been done in E. coli , despite the complications imposed by the need for the release of intracellularly produced enzyme variants. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mouse Cyp2a12 Protein (raised in E. Coli) purified by multi-step, protein-specific process to ensure crystallization grade. (anticorps-enligne.fr)
  • Here we present a multifunctional anchor, an acrylate epoxide, that enables proteins and RNAs to be equipped with anchors in a single experimental step. (plos.org)
  • The identification of similar three-dimensional (3D) amino acid patterns among different proteins might be helpful to explain the polypharmacological profile of many currently used drugs. (frontiersin.org)
  • Analyses of transcriptional gusA reporter fusions revealed that besides showing similar properties to Fnr proteins reported in other bacteria, MgFnr is involved in the repression of the expression of denitrification genes nor and nosZ under aerobic conditions, possibly owing to several unique amino acid residues specific to MTB-Fnr. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It has been established that there is a strong oxidative modification of amino acids chromophores (tryptophan and tyrosine) in the protein (FOP 0.64). (bvsalud.org)
  • We find that elevated basal protein synthesis in Fmr1 KO mice is selectively reduced to wild-type levels by acute inhibition of mGluR5 or ERK1/2, but not by inhibition of mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin). (jneurosci.org)
  • Although it is now clear that mGluR5 participates in the pathogenesis of FXS, at least in animal models, it is still poorly understood how Gp1 mGluRs trigger protein synthesis and how this process is altered in the absence of FMRP to disrupt synaptic function. (jneurosci.org)
  • A strong rationale for taking this approach is that slice has been shown to accurately reproduce the in vivo phenotype of elevated basal protein synthesis in the Fmr1 KO hippocampus (cf. (jneurosci.org)
  • Nonetheless, nascent polypeptides with more complex tertiary structure fold close to and outside the tunnel, as found for spectrin - a three-helix bundle protein, and titin, an all beta-sheet immunoglobulin domain 10,13. (biorxiv.org)
  • Abcam's Gold Conjugation Kit allows antibodies or proteins to be covalently attached to ultra-stable Gold nanoparticles at very high OD quickly and easily. (abcam.com)
  • After the spectroscopic characterization of the late rhodopsin photoproducts, we analyzed truncated variants and revealed the involvement of the cytosolic N-terminus in the structural rearrangements upon photo-activation of the protein. (elifesciences.org)
  • Structural details on the organisation of FLN5 and FLN6 NC within the ribosome and the effect of the ribosome on the folding of FLN5 remains to be understood that would help to address the question on how the ribosome modulates co-translational protein folding. (biorxiv.org)
  • To elucidate the mechanism of actin disassembly, we characterized molecular kinetics of the major filament end-binding proteins Arp2/3 complex and capping protein (CP) using single-molecule speckle microscopy. (silverchair.com)
  • Unfortunately, the design of drugs with multiple activities on a selected handful of different protein structures remains a significant experimental and computational challenge ( Konc, 2019 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The authors suggested that the increase in the chaperone-like activity of both α-crystallin and HMWA could be the result of the correction of misfolded proteins during renaturation and the rearrangement of protein supramolecular structures. (bvsalud.org)
  • The concentration of the protein is calculated using its specific absorption coefficient. (antikoerper-online.de)
  • We use the Expasy's protparam tool to determine the absorption coefficient of each protein. (antikoerper-online.de)
  • The protein binding ability of CuL with BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin) was investigated by absorption, fluorescence and synchronous fluorescence methods and a static quenching mechanism was observed for their interaction with BSA. (uea.ac.uk)
  • In almost all the clinical studies, Cystatin C demonstrated a better diagnostic accuracy than serum creatinine in discriminating normal from impaired kidney function, but controversial results have been obtained by comparing this protein with other indices of kidney disease, especially serum creatinine-based equations, such as early atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's dementia, vascular aneurysms, hyperhomocysteinaemia and other neurodegenerative diseases. (betalifesci.com)
  • Anti-inflammation of the extract was analyzed via determination of TNF-α and IL-6 in serum, and expression of TNF-α, IL-6, COX-2 and p-ERK protein in hearts. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and p-NF-κB protein expression in hearts, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) level in serum were used to evaluate the anti-oxidative properties of the extract. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition, the extract increased SOD activity in serum, HO-1 protein expression in hearts, and decreased TNF-α, IL-6, COX-2, p-NF-κB and p-ERK1/2 protein expression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The biological functions of Lactobacillus S-layer proteins (Slp:s) are not well understood. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the unlikely event that the protein cannot be expressed or purified we do not charge anything (other companies might charge you for any performed steps in the expression process for custom-made proteins, e.g. fees might apply for the expression plasmid, the first expression experiments or purification optimization). (antikoerper-online.de)
  • In a first purification step, the protein is purified from the cleared cell lysate using three different His-tag capture materials: high yield, EDTA resistant, or DTT resistant. (antikoerper-online.de)
  • Protein containing fractions of the best purification are subjected to second purification step through size exclusion chromatography. (antikoerper-online.de)
  • In addition, the effectiveness of antitoxin treatment may vary depending on circulating toxin levels, so that rapid identification and quantification of BoNT proteins in clinical specimens and food is desirable for optimization of treatment. (cdc.gov)
  • In cases in which it is highly likely that the recombinant protein with the default tag will be insoluble our protein lab may suggest a higher molecular weight tag (e.g. (antikoerper-online.de)
  • Cystatin C is a low-molecular-weight protein which has been proposed as a marker of renal function that could replace creatinine. (betalifesci.com)
  • αH-Crystallin, a high molecular weight form of α-crystallin, is one of the major proteins in the lens nucleus. (bvsalud.org)
  • Here, we report on an Fnr-like protein (MgFnr) and its role in growth metabolism and magnetite biomineralization in the alphaproteobacterium Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense . (biomedcentral.com)
  • We have identified and thoroughly characterized the first regulatory protein mediating denitrification growth and magnetite biomineralization in response to different oxygen conditions in a magnetotactic bacterium. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A model is proposed where the relative levels of active antagonist (RsbV1) and switch-protein anti-sigma factor (RsbW) control the availability of σ 66 and subsequently act as a molecular 'throttle' for Chlamydia growth and development. (plos.org)
  • In that study soybean proteins revealed a specific impact on cholesterol output, whilst the excretion of bile acids was not influenced in response to soybean proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This unexpected finding suggests that by preserving the expression of RAGE protein (in a dominant-negative form), Ager AHA/AHA mouse might represent a cleaner genetic model to study physiological roles of RAGE in vivo compared to Ager −/− mice. (elifesciences.org)
  • Purified GST fusion proteins of the N and C termini of Na v 1.3 pull down contactin from lysates of transfected HEK 293 cells. (jneurosci.org)
  • Moreover, the role of the L. amylovorus surface (S) -layers - symmetric, porous arrays of identical protein subunits present as the outermost layer of the cell envelope - in adherence to IPEC-1 cells was assessed using a novel approach which utilized purified cell wall fragments of the strains as carriers for the recombinantly produced S-layer proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We demonstrated adhesive and significant pathogen inhibitory efficacies among the swine intestinal L. amylovorus strains studied, pointing to their potential use as probiotic feed supplements, but no independent role could be demonstrated for the major S-layer proteins in adherence to epithelial cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • L. amylovorus DSM 16698 was shown to carry two S-layer-like proteins on its surface in addition to the major S-layer protein SlpA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • At baseline, calibrated pH(i), diastolic and systolic [Ca2+]i values, and the amplitude of cell contraction were similar in hypertrophied and control myocytes. (jci.org)
  • So, the change in amount of protein communication could be adamant beside catched the activity of the T01-08 and the opt- nox. (ika.ie)
  • Protein has not been tested for activity yet. (anticorps-enligne.fr)
  • CuL acts as an efficient catalyst for the aerobic oxidation of catechols (4-methylcatechol, 3,5-ditertiarybutylcatechol, 3-methoxycatechol and 3-nitrocatechol) to the corresponding quinones, in methanol/0.02 M HEPES medium at pH = 8.0 and at 25 °C. The highest activity is observed for the substituted catechol with the electron donor tert-butyl group, resulting in a turnover frequency (TOF) value of 1.45 × 104 h−1. (uea.ac.uk)
  • HMWA refolding resulted in an increase in chaperone-like activity up to 120% and a significant reduction of Dh of protein particles compared with that of α-crystallin. (bvsalud.org)
  • Data reveal that the cholesterol-lowering effect of lupin protein isolate is attributable to an increased faecal output of cholesterol and a reduced intestinal uptake of cholesterol. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This deficit in safety testing is values from the ToxCast data. (cdc.gov)